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Remote Health Monitoring of Wind Turbines Employing Vibroacoustic Transducers and Autoencoders
PublikacjaImplementation of remote monitoring technology for real wind turbine structures designed to detect potential sources of failure is described. An innovative multi-axis contactless acoustic sensor measuring acoustic intensity as well as previously known accelerometers were used for this purpose. Signal processing methods were proposed, including feature extraction and data analysis. Two strategies were examined: Mel Frequency Cepstral...
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An adaptive approach to non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of cast irons containing precipitated graphite particles with the help of magnetoacoustic emission
PublikacjaPhysical properties of cast irons strongly depend on both their microstructure and the presence of casting defects. The paper analyses the possibility of application of magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) for nondestructive detection of flawed cast iron components. The investigated samples containing dross, chunky graphite and lamellar graphite were compared with the reference, flawless, spheroidal cast iron sample. The optimisation...
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High Dynamic Range Microwave Displacement and Rotation Sensors Based on the Phase of Transmission in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublikacjaThis research is focused on the design and realization of displacement sensors in gap waveguide technology. It is shown that with a small but fundamental change in the structure of a conventional gap waveguide, a linear displacement can be sensed. To this end, a unique feature of gap waveguides, i.e. the fact that no electrical connection between the top and bottom parts of the gap waveguide is required, is used. It is further shown...
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Operational Enhancement of Numerical Weather Prediction with Data from Real-time Satellite Images
PublikacjaNumerical weather prediction (NWP) is a rapidly expanding field of science, which is related to meteorology, remote sensing and computer science. Authors present methods of enhancing WRF EMS (Weather Research and Forecast Environmental Modeling System) weather prediction system using data from satellites equipped with AMSU sensor (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit). The data is acquired with Department of Geoinformatics’ ground...
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Analysis of nonlinear effects as a diagnostic tool
PublikacjaMetody analizy efektów nieliniowych nieliniowej analizy sygnałów na wyjściu testowanych obiektów umożliwiają badanie występowania defektów i uszkodzeń w materiałach i elementach elektronicznych, co jest niezbędne w predykcji niezawodności. W odniesieniu do elementów biernych bardzo skutecznym narzędziem okazuje się być wskaźnik trzeciej harmonicznej (THI - Third Harmonic Index). W artykule bardziej szczegółowo opisano pomiary parametru...
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Evaluation of technical efficiency of heat and electric power generation
PublikacjaThis paper presents an evaluation of technical efficiency and time-dependent changes in productivity of Polish professional electric power and heat&electric power stations by using Data Envelopment Analysis non-parametric method. The research covered the enterprises whose total available electric power amounted to about 98% of that of all professional thermal electric power stations in this country. The analysis has concerned...
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Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method
PublikacjaThe paper presents a reliability analysis of a sea cliff slope. The cliff, located in Jastrzębia Góra, is characterised by a complicated geological structure. Although currently stable, it is in fact close to the limit state. The objective of this paper is to present the point estimate method (PEM) of determining the mean value and standard deviation of the safety factor of the slope. Assuming its normal distribution, these statistical...
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Green thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane)s – synthesis, chemical structure and selected properties investigation
PublikacjaThis work aimed to characterize the effect of the monomers chemical structure on the selected properties of the green thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane)s. During synthesis two types of polyether biopolyols, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and bio-based 1,3-propanediol were employed. Materials were synthesized with the use of two step method and two different prepolymers, which were mixed together in equimolar quantities. Obtained...
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Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method
PublikacjaThe paper presents a reliability analysis of a sea cliff slope. The cliff, located in Jastrzębia Góra, is characterised by a complicated geological structure. Although currently stable, it is in fact close to the limit state. The objective of this paper is to present the point estimate method (PEM) of determining the mean value and standard deviation of the safety factor of the slope. Assuming its normal distribution, these statistical...
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Akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej H.264 do kompresji obrazu w sensorach wizyjnych
PublikacjaW komunikacie przedstawiono konfigurowalny cyfrowy akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej przeznaczony dla enkodera wideo standardu H.264. Akcelerator realizuje predykcję typu „intra” dla makrobloków luminancji o wymiarach 4x4 i 16x16. Akcelerator wstępnie zaimplementowano w układzie FPGA, gdzie został on pomyślnie zweryfikowany, a następnie zaimplementowano go w układzie ASIC w technologii UMC 90 nm. Szczegółowe wyniki testów...
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Akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej H.264 do kompresji obrazu w sensorach wizyjnych
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono konfigurowalny cyfrowy akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej przeznaczony dla enkodera wideo standardu H.264. Akcelerator realizuje predykcję typu „intra” dla makrobloków luminancji o wymiarach 4x4 i 16x16. Akcelerator wstępnie zaimplementowano w układzie FPGA, gdzie został on pomyślnie zweryfikowany, a następnie zaimplementowano go w układzie ASIC w technologii UMC 90 nm. Szczegółowe wyniki testów akceleratora...
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Design of novel highly sensitive sensors for crack detection in metal surfaces: theoretical foundation and experimental validation
PublikacjaThe application of different types of microwave resonators for sensing cracks in metallic structures has been subject of many studies. While most studies have been focused on improving the sensitivity of planar crack sensors, the theoretical foundation of the topic has not been treated in much detail. The major objective of this study is to perform an exhaustive study of the principles and theoretical foundations for crack sensing...
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Engineering boron and nitrogen codoped carbon nanoarchitectures to tailor molecularly imprinted polymers for PFOS determination
PublikacjaPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have gained significant attention as emerging contaminants due to their persistence, abundance, and adverse health effects. Consequently, the urgent need for ubiquitous and effective sensors capable of detecting and quantifying PFAS in complex environmental samples has become a priority. In this study, we present the development of an ultrasensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)...
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Production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder
PublikacjaBackground: This research aimed to evaluate the use of natural resin as a binder for the production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass.Methods: Proximate analyses were made for fuel briquette prepared from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder in comparison with using starch as a binder.Results: The results for density, percent content of moisture, percent content of volatile matter, percent...
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Drinking water safety evaluation in the selected sub-Saharan African countries: A case study of Madagascar, Uganda and Rwanda
PublikacjaIn the sub-Saharan region of Africa, access to safe drinking water remains limited in many countries. This study provides an overview of the quality of surface water and groundwater in rural and peri-urban areas of Madagascar, Uganda, and Rwanda. Selected physico-chemical parameters, inorganic species (including inorganic ions), and organic pollution indicators, such as total organic carbon, non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic...
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Production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder
PublikacjaAbstract Background: This research aimed to evaluate the use of natural resin as a binder for the production of fuel briquette from solid waste biomass. Methods: Proximate analyses were made for fuel briquette prepared from solid waste biomass using natural resin as a binder in comparison with using starch as a binder. Results: The results for density, percent content of moisture, percent content of volatile matter, percent content...
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Heavy Metals in Sediments of Urban Streams: Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Influencing Factors
PublikacjaSediments of two urban streams in northern Poland outflowing to the Baltic Sea were assessed to explain the spatial variation in relation to urbanization level of the catchment, the role of retention tanks (RTs) and identification of pollution level. During the 3 month period of investigation sediment samples were collected from the inflow (IN) and outflow (OUT) of six RTs located on streams for flood protection. Six heavy metals...
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Mercury concentration and the absolute and relative sizes of the internal organs in cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo (L. 1758) from the breeding colony by the Vistula Lagoon (Poland)
PublikacjaThis work analyses the effect of mercury on the condition of cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) from an extensive breeding colony in northern Poland, the largest in Europe. A total of 55 birds (44 adults and 11 immature) were obtained. Total mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in the liver, kidneys, breast muscles, heart, gullet (oesophagus), stomach, intestines, trachea, lungs and eyeballs. The total body mass (TBM) and empty...
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Dietary behaviour and physical activity policies in Europe: learnings from the Policy Evaluation Network (PEN)
PublikacjaThe European Policy Evaluation Network (PEN), initiated in autumn 2018, aimed at advancing the evidence base for public policies impacting dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviours in Europe. This is needed because non-communicable diseases—the leading cause of global mortality—are substantially caused by physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary behaviours, which in turn are driven by upstream factors that...
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Trace elements content of surface peat deposits in the Solovetsky Islands (White Sea)
PublikacjaPeatlands form environmental archives of trace element deposition. In this regard they are particularly valuable for areas such as the Arctic, where regular pollution monitoring is either impossible or extremely costly. The aim of this study was to assess pollution in the Solovetsky Islands (65° 05' N, 35° 53' E) by examining the spatial variability in trace element content of the uppermost layer of peat, immediately below the...
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CMOS implementation of an analogue median filter for image processing in real time
PublikacjaAn analogue median filter, realised in a 0.35 μm CMOS technology, is presented in this paper. The key advantages of the filter are: high speed of image processing (50 frames per second), low-power operation (below 1.25 mW under 3.3 V supply) and relatively high accuracy of signal processing. The presented filter is a part of an integrated circuit for image processing (a vision chip), containing: a photo-sensor matrix, a set of...
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Measurements and visualization of sound field distribution around organ pipe
PublikacjaMeasurements and visualization of acoustic field around an organ pipe are presented. Sound intensity technique was applied for this purpose. Measurements were performed in free field. The organ pipe was activated with a constant air flow, produced by an external compressor, aimed at obtaining long-term steady state responses of generated acoustic signal. Sound energy distribution was measured in a defined fixed grid of points...
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Label‐free optical detection of cyclosporine in biological fluids
PublikacjaIn this paper, a spectroscopic method for determination of cyclosporine concentrations in biological fluids is presented. Blood plasma and hemoglobin solutions are chosen for the experiment. For various cyclosporine concentrations in blood plasma and hemoglobin, absorbance measurements in spectra range from 600 to 1100 nm are performed. The measurement results are analyzed by the use of a dedicated algorithm. The obtained data...
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Sensors in River Information Services of the Odra River in Poland: Current State and Planned Extension
PublikacjaAccording to adopted in 2016 by the polish Council of Ministers assumptions for the plans for the progress of inland waterways in Poland for the years 2016-2020, with the perspective of 2030, assume that by 2030 Odra along its entire length and the Vistula from Warsaw to Gdansk, they will have become international shipping routes, which will be implemented system of River Information Services (RIS). Aspects of RIS sensor application...
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Developments in Green Chromatography
PublikacjaGreen analytical chemistry is a widely recognized concept that has led to the development of new analytical methods with reduced environmental impact and minimized analyst occupational exposure. Achievements include the development of microextraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) techniques. Research towards greener separation processes focuses on the elimination of toxic solvents...
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Deep compaction control of sandy soils
PublikacjaVibroflotation, vibratory compaction, micro-blasting or heavy tamping are typical improvement methods for the cohesionless deposits of high thickness. The complex mechanism of deep soil compaction is related to void ratio decrease with grain rearrangements, lateral stress increase, prestressing effect of certain number of load cycles, water pressure dissipation, aging and other effects. Calibration chamber based interpretation...
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Bending analysis of functionally graded nanoplates based on a higher-order shear deformation theory using dynamic relaxation method
PublikacjaIn this paper, bending analysis of rectangular functionally graded (FG) nanoplates under a uniform transverse load has been considered based on the modified couple stress theory. Using Hamilton’s principle, governing equations are derived based on a higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). The set of coupled equations are solved using the dynamic relaxation (DR) method combined with finite difference (FD) discretization technique...
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Analiza działania rozszerzonego obserwatora prędkości w szerokim zakresie zmian prędkości maszyny indukcyjnej
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z odtwarzaniem zmiennych stanu maszyny indukcyjnej. Wykorzystano obserwator oparty na modelu matematycznym maszyny z dodatkowymi zmiennymi. Przedstawiono macierz stanu zlinearyzowanych równań błędu odtwarzania. Opisano sposób definiowania wyznacznika jakości na podstawie rozkładu biegunów obserwatora. Zaproponowano metodę korekcji wzmocnień wraz ze zmianą warunków pracy maszyny. Wykazano...
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Akcelerator transformacji DCT do kompresji obrazu w sensorach wizyjnych
PublikacjaW komunikacie przedstawiono konfigurowalny cyfrowy akcelerator transformacji DCT przeznaczony dla enkodera wideo standardu H.264. Akcelerator realizuje także odwrotnątransformacjęDCT oraz kwantyzacjęi dekwantyzację. Akcelerator początkowo zaimplementowano w układzie FPGA. Zostałon pomyślnie zweryfikowany, a następnie zaimplementowany w układzie ASIC w technologii UMC 90 nm. Szczegółowe wyniki testów akceleratora ASIC zostały...
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System setup and software for cyclic, staircase and square wave voltammetry measurements
PublikacjaHardware dedicated for electrochemical measurement sometimes does not allow performing certain voltammetry experiments. Staircase and square wave voltammetry, techniques which have many advantages comparing with standard voltammetric techniques, are rarely implemented in software controlling electrochemical measuring equipment. These methods, however, can be relatively easy realized with some addition...
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ANN for human pose estimation in low resolution depth images
PublikacjaThe paper presents an approach to localize human body joints in 3D coordinates based on a single low resolution depth image. First a framework to generate a database of 80k realistic depth images from a 3D body model is described. Then data preprocessing and normalization procedure, and DNN and MLP artificial neural networks architectures and training are presented. The robustness against camera distance and image noise is analysed....
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Przegląd metod pomiaru temperatury przewodów linii napowietrznych wysokiego napięcia
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono przegląd metod pomiaru temperatury napowietrznych linii wysokiego napięcia stosowanych w celu poprawy niezawodności eksploatacji i w celu wyznaczania dopuszczalnej obciążalności linii. Omówiono system DOL dynamicznej obciążalności linii oraz bezdotykowe metody pomiaru temperatury: pomiar z użyciem pasywnych czujników SAW (ang. Surface acoustic wave sensor), DTS (distributed temperature sensing) z wykorzystaniem...
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VIBRATION SURVEILLANCE DURING MILLING OF FLEXIBLE DETAILS WITH A USE OF THE ACTIVE OPTIMAL CONTROL
PublikacjaThe main goal of modern machining operations is to achieve increasingly better performance. High Speed Machining and/or High Performance Cutting, despite a lot of advantages, have also some drawbacks, for example, a possibility of losing stability and development of self-excited chatter vibration. This paper presents an approach of vibration surveillance during high speed milling with a use of active optimal control. Non-stationary...
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Improving Objective Speech Quality Indicators in Noise Conditions
PublikacjaThis work aims at modifying speech signal samples and test them with objective speech quality indicators after mixing the original signals with noise or with an interfering signal. Modifications that are applied to the signal are related to the Lombard speech characteristics, i.e., pitch shifting, utterance duration changes, vocal tract scaling, manipulation of formants. A set of words and sentences in Polish, recorded in silence,...
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Modelling of subarachnoid space width changes in apnoea resulting as a function of blood flow parameters
PublikacjaDuring apnoea, the pial artery is subjected to two opposite physiological processes: vasoconstriction due to elevated blood pressure and vasorelaxation driven by rising pH in the brain parenchyma. We hypothesized that the pial artery response to apnoea may vary, depending on which process dominate. Apnoea experiments were performed in a group of 19 healthy, non-smoking volunteers (9 men and 10 women). The following parameters...
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Microcracking monitoring and damage detection of graphene nanoplatelets-cement composites based on acoustic emission technology
PublikacjaThis study aims to identify the micro-cracking pattern and structural applications of cement composites replaced with 0 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.08 wt% contents of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) over cement weight through acoustic emission (AE) monitoring under mechanical degradation. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) results showed that at 60 min sonication period, GNP-4 showed maximum absorbance rate of 16.15% compared...
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Combination of instrumental and qualitative descriptive analysis for evaluation of selected tonic waters quality features
PublikacjaThe combination of sensory and instrumental analysis was applied for quality assurance of selected tonic waters. The Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) in terms of fourteen sensory attributes (aroma, astringency, bite, burn, numbing, tongue heaviness, carbonation, mouth coating, sweet taste, sour taste, bitter taste, sweet aftertaste, sour aftertaste, bitter aftertaste) of selected tonic waters was performed by sensory experts....
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Greening procedures and analytical parameters. The polychlorinated naphthalenes analysis in complex matrices as proof of concept
PublikacjaDue to the complexity of analytical procedures employed for the determination of wide spectrum of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), it is important to consider the green character of the applied protocols and propose the greenest solutions. In this review, the green aspects of several analytical procedures used for the determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) (as a representatives of POPs) in different types of...
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Computing methods for fast and precise body surface area estimation of selected body parts
PublikacjaCurrently used body surface area (BSA) formulas give satisfactory results only for individuals with typical physique, while for elderly, obese or anorectic people accurate results cannot be expected. Particularly noteworthy are the results for individuals with severe obesity (body-mass index greater than 35 kg/m2), for which BSA estimation errors reached 80%. The main goal of our study is the development of precise BSA models for...
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Collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in water-in-oil microemulsion delivery systems
PublikacjaThe efficacy of microemul-sion in dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Here, we assessed the water-in-oilmicroemulsion capacity to incorporate two natural polymers, i.e. collagen and hyaluronic acid withlow and high molecular weight. Systems were extensively characterized in terms of conductivity, phaseinversion studies, droplet diameter, polydispersity index and rheological properties. The results of thisresearch...
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Analiza Globalnego Indeksu Terroryzmu Państw Europejskich
PublikacjaW referacie przytoczono doniesienia raportu Global Terrorism Index 2016 [1] w odniesieniu do sytuacji państw Europejskich. Raport ten publikowany jest co roku przez Instytut Ekonomii i Pokoju (ang. Institute for Economics and Peace). W raporcie tym realizowana jest analiza światowych tendencji i modeli związanych z terroryzmem. Niestety, doniesienia raportu opublikowanego na początku bieżącego roku są zatrważające, zwłaszcza w...
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Rewitalizacja przestrzeni w kontekście zrównoważonego rozwoju - potencjał zielonych dachów
PublikacjaThe revitalization of space in the context of sustainable development – potential of green roof. The article shows the need to take into account the principles of sustainable development in the field of the revitalization of space, and point out green roofs as a tool in this process. It is presented in the light of the green city concept, and the criteria of the European Green City Index. The article shows the ecological, social...
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ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM FOR A TYPICAL RESIDENTIAL HOUSE IN POLAND
PublikacjaThe paper presents the research results of field measurements campaign of natural ventilation performance and effectiveness in a residential building. The building is located in the microclimate whose parameters differ significantly in relation to a representative weather station. The measurement system recorded climate parameters and the physical variables characterizing the air flow in the rooms within 14 days of the winter season....
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HOW TO ASSESS THE MATURITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES TO LEAN SIX SIGMA PROJECTS
PublikacjaThis article describes the considerations for the implementation of the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology in small and medium-sized enterprises. Pilot research was conducted in Polish and French SMEs (nine Polish and nine French enterprises from the service and production sectors) referring to the context of the implementation and application of the Lean Six Sigma concept. The studies led to the identification of the motives, needs,...
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Effect of Nb and Al on in vitro dissolution behavior and structure of Na2O-MgO CaO-P2O5 glasses
PublikacjaIn vitro dissolution, structure, and thermal properties of the glass series Na2O-MgOsingle bondCaOsingle bondNb2O5 -Al2O3-P2O5 were studied. The dissolution behavior in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) confirmed the potential bioactive properties of tested glasses. The dissolution process was found to depend on the Al, Nb, and Mg contents. Al, respectively, suppresses the Nb and accelerates the Mg release process from the glasses....
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Quantitative Storytelling in the Making of a Composite Indicator
PublikacjaThe reasons for and against composite indicators are briefly reviewed, as well as the available theories for their construction. After noting the strong normative dimension of these measures—which ultimately aim to ‘tell a story’, e.g. to promote the social discovery of a particular phenomenon, we inquire whether a less partisan use of a composite indicator can be proposed by allowing more latitude in the framing of its construction....
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Safety Assessment of Tram Stops
PublikacjaThe safety of public transport stops is the subject of numerous studies in large agglomerations around the world. This is due to the fact that it is a passenger exchange zone where collisions and accidents involving people getting on or off public transport vehicles most often occur. For this reason, the purpose of the article is to present the results of the safety assessment of the stop zones for two selected tram lines in Wroclaw....
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Excitation-independent constant conductance isfet driver
PublikacjaA new constant conductance driver for ISFETs sensors has been developed. The proposed circuit maintains the sensor operating point at constant drain-source conductance. The combination of a simple, self-balancing resistance bridge and the subtraction half (or similar fraction) of source-drain voltage from the gate-source voltage provides the independence of output signal from current and voltage drivers instability. The use of...
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Corrosion monitoring by harmonic analysis in aqueous environments
PublikacjaThis paper presents tests concerning the rate of corrosion in non-alloy steel (type S235JR) in an aqueous environment, with an additive of sodium chloride by means of polarization resistance measurements and harmonic analysis. The tests have been carried out for steel samples exposed to the testing environment for six weeks, in order to obtain a constant rate of corrosion in the function of time. The measurements have aimed at...
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Evaluation of sound event detection, classification and localization in the presence of background noise for acoustic surveillance of hazardous situations
PublikacjaAn evaluation of the sound event detection, classification and localization of hazardous acoustic events in the presence of background noise of different types and changing intensities is presented. The methods for separating foreground events from the acoustic background are introduced. The classifier, based on a Support Vector Machine algorithm, is described. The set of features and samples used for the training of the classifier...