Filtry
wszystkich: 690
wybranych: 540
Filtry wybranego katalogu
Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: LIGHT SENSOR
-
Wavelet Transform Analysis of Temperature Modulated Gas Sensor Response
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to evaluate whether it is possible to extract the information about the gas concentration despite the influence of humidity. Commercial semiconductor sensor response was examined under the application of a periodic temperature change. The data was collected using measurement protocol for different concentrations of ammonia at specified levels of relative humidity. In this work we focused on the evaluation...
-
Characterization of various drinking waters by new potentiometric taste sensor with lipid, lipid-like polymer membranes
PublikacjaA new sensing system comprising five all-solid-state electrodes with lipid, lipid like-polymer membranes was applied for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of various drinking waters. The results elaborated by chemometric methods revealed sensitivity to CO2 content in drinking water, suggesting that this sensing system could be used as a taste sensor. The ability of taste sensor to perform quantitative analysis of minerals...
-
An odor-sensing system - powerful technique for foodstuff studies
PublikacjaThis work examines gas sensor array technology combined with multivariate data processing methods and demonstrates a promising potential for rapid, non-destructive analysis of food. Main attention is focused on detailed description of sensor used in e-nose instruments, construction, and principle of operation of these systems. Moreover, this paper briefly reviews the progress in the field of artificial olfaction and future trends...
-
Microwave Ring Resonator Based Pressure Sensor
PublikacjaThis paper demonstrates a microwave pressure sensor, which is based on microstrip line-fed ring resonators. The first ring resonator is loaded with the concentric cylindrical shafts, while the same number of the hollow shanks as the shafts are mounted on the second ring resonator. The arrangement of the cylindrical shaft and hollow shank allows for mechanical movement between two substrates while maintaining electrical contact....
-
Calibration of acoustic vector sensor based on MEMS microphones for DOA estimation
PublikacjaA procedure of calibration of a custom 3D acoustic vector sensor (AVS) for the purpose of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, is presented and validated in the paper. AVS devices working on a p-p principle may be constructed from standard pressure sensors and a signal processing system. However, in order to ensure accurate DoA estimation, each sensor needs to be calibrated. The proposed algorithm divides the calibration process...
-
Investigation of sour substances by five-channel potentiometric taste sensor containing all-solid-state-electrodes ( ASSEs)
PublikacjaAn elaboration of taste sensor for discrimination of different food products is of great importance for food industry. Potentiometric taste sensor containing ion selective electrodes with lipid/polymer membranes has already been applied commercially in food industry. However, time-consuming and demanding preconditioning method of ions selective electrodes as well as maintenance of electrodes’ bodies are disadvantages of this taste...
-
INVESTIGATION OF SOUR SUBSTANCES BY FIVE-CHANNEL POTENTIOMETRIC TASTE SENSOR CONTAINING ALL-SOLID-STATE- ELECTRODES (ASSEs)
PublikacjaAn elaboration of taste sensor for discrimination of different food products is of great importance for food industry. Potentiometric taste sensor containing ion selective electrodes with lipid/polymer membranes has already been applied commercially in food industry. However, time-consuming and demanding preconditioning method of ions selective electrodes as well as maintenance of electrodes’ bodies are disadvantages of this taste...
-
Anisotropic optical properties of few-layer black phosphorus coatings: from fundamental insights to opto-electrochemical sensor design
PublikacjaFew-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) is characterised by a tuneable bandgap, high carrier mobility and anisotropic optical properties. It therefore has the potential to find applications in electronics and photonics. FLBP oxidizes upon exposure to air, limiting its utility in devices and components. To address this issue, the thesis introduces methods and tools developed for studying FLBP's optical parameters, with a particular emphasis...
-
Data fusion of GPS sensors using Particle Kalman Filter for ship dynamic positioning system
PublikacjaDepending on standards and class, dynamically positioned ships make use of different numbers of redundant sensors to determine current ship position. The paper presents a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm for the dynamic positioning system which allows it to record the proper signal from a number of sensors (GPS receivers). In the research, the Particle Kalman Filter with data fusion was used to estimate the position of the vessel....
-
Fluctuation-enhanced scent sensing using a single gas sensor
PublikacjaScent or aroma sensing during aromatherapy can be carried out by applying only a single resistance gas sensor (TGS - Taguchi Gas Sensors). This paper considers the efficiency of detection of essential oils by DC resistance and its fluctuations observed in TGS sensors. A detailed study has been conducted for scents emitted by five popular essential oils using three sensor types (TGS 2600, TGS 2602, TGS 823). The research was focused...
-
Optimised Robust Placement of Hard Quality Sensors for Robust Monitoring of Quality in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
PublikacjaA problem of optimised robust placement of the hard quality sensors in Drinking Water Distribution Systems under several water demand scenarios for robust quality monitoring is formulated. Numerical algorithms to solve the problem are derived. The optimality is meant as achieving at the same time a desired trade off between the sensor capital and maintenance costs and resulting robust estimation accuracy of the monitoring algorithm...
-
Preparation and Characterization of Microsphere ZnO ALD Coating Dedicated for the Fiber-Optic Refractive Index Sensor
PublikacjaWe report the fabrication of a novel fiber-optic sensor device, based on the use of a microsphere conformally coated with a thin layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and its use as a refractive index sensor. The microsphere was prepared on the tip of a single-mode optical fiber, on which a conformal ZnO thin film of 200 nm was deposited using an ALD process based on diethyl zinc (DEZ) and water at 100 °C....
-
Extraction and evaluation of gas-flow-dependent features from dynamic measurements of gas sensors array
PublikacjaGas analyzers based on gas sensors are the devices which enable recognition of various kinds of volatile compounds. They have continuously been developed and investigated for over three decades, however there are still limitations which slow down the implementation of those devices in many applications. For example, the main drawbacks are the lack of selectivity, sensitivity...
-
Wirelessly Interfacing Objects and Subjects of Healthcare System – IoT Approach
PublikacjaWireless sensor networks, WSN, for which development has begun by military applications, are nowadays applied to all human activities; e.g. in medicine for patience monitoring or to reduce the effects of disasters. Therefore, the WSNs area has been also one of the emerging and fast growing scientific fields. Increasing interest of WSNs is even caused by equally intense growth of interest in the Internet of Things domain, IoT, in...
-
Comparing traffic intensity estimates employing passive acoustic radar and microwave Doppler radar sensor
PublikacjaThe purpose of our applied research project is to develop an autonomous road sign with built-in radar devices of our design. In this paper, we show that it is possible to calibrate the acoustic vector sensor so that it can be used to measure traffic volume and count the vehicles involved in the traffic through the analysis of the noise emitted by them. Signals obtained from a Doppler radar are used as a reference source. Although...
-
Estimation of Average Speed of Road Vehicles by Sound Intensity Analysis
PublikacjaConstant monitoring of road traffic is important part of modern smart city systems. The proposed method estimates average speed of road vehicles in the observation period, using a passive acoustic vector sensor. Speed estimation based on sound intensity analysis is a novel approach to the described problem. Sound intensity in two orthogonal axes is measured with a sensor placed alongside the road. Position of the apparent sound...
-
Distributed wireless sensor for measuring humidity and temperature
PublikacjaHumidity and temperature monitoring is often required in industrial halls and laboratories and can be crucial, because many properties of electrical devices deteriorates under influence of these parameters. There are several useful commercial methods for measuring humidity and temperature, such as commercial hygrometers and humidity recorders. However, they do not allow data acquisition simultaneously from multiple sensors. This...
-
Gas sampling system for matrix of semiconductor gas sensors
PublikacjaSemiconductor gas sensors are popular commercial sensors applied in numerous gas detection systems. They are reliable, small, rugged and inexpensive. However, there are a few problem limiting the wider use of such sensors. Semiconductor gas sensor usually exhibits a low selectivity, low repeatability, drift of response, strong temperature and moisture influence on sensor properties. Sample flow rate is one of the parameters that...
-
Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm
PublikacjaThis paper analyses the effectiveness of determining gas concentrations by using a prototype WO3 resistive gas sensor together with fluctuation enhanced sensing. We have earlier demonstrated that this method can determine the composition of a gas mixture by using only a single sensor. In the present study, we apply Least-Squares Support-Vector-Machine-based (LS-SVM-based) nonlinear regression to determine the gas concentration...
-
Septic safe interactions with smart glasses in health care
PublikacjaIn this paper, septic safe methods of interaction with smart glasses, due to the health care environment applications consideration, are presented. The main focus is on capabilities of an optical, proximity-based gesture sensor and eye-tracker input systems. The design of both interfaces is being adapted to the open smart glasses platform that is being developed under the eGlasses project. Preliminary results obtained from the...
-
Induction motor control application in high-speed train electric drive
PublikacjaThe chapter presents an application of induction motor mechanical speed and load torque observers in high-speed train drives. The observers are applied for a 1.2-MW electric drive with an induction motor. The goal of using such observers is to utilize computed variables for diagnostic purposes of speed sensors and torque transmission system. The concept of diagnostic system is presented in this paper, and proper criteria are proposed....
-
Statistical Data Pre-Processing and Time Series Incorporation for High-Efficacy Calibration of Low-Cost NO2 Sensor Using Machine Learning
PublikacjaAir pollution stands as a significant modern-day challenge impacting life quality, the environment, and the economy. It comprises various pollutants like gases, particulate matter, biological molecules, and more, stemming from sources such as vehicle emissions, industrial operations, agriculture, and natural events. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), among these harmful gases, is notably prevalent in densely populated urban regions. Given...
-
Near-Field Wireless Sensing of Plastics and Papers Using Frugal Peel-Off Passive Tag
PublikacjaThis article presents a novel frugal approach of testing plastics and papers using a near-field microwave sensing technique with a peel-off tag. The proposed sensing technique involves two electrical entities: the sensor, which may be regarded as a reader, and a disposable tag. The reader is a modified design of a gap-coupled microstrip line (GCML) sensor, while the passive tag is a standard double-ring complementary split-ring...
-
Time-of-flight fiber optic sensors for strain and temperature measurement
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono światłowodowy sensor czasu przelotu do pomiaru odkształceń i temperatury mogący pracować zarówno w modzie transmisyjnym, jak i odbiciowym. W pomiarach czasu przelotu wykorzystano krótkie impulsy światłowodowe wprowadzane do jednodomowego światłowodu. Pod wpływem czynników zewnętrznych (temperatura, odkształcenie, siła rozciągająca) zmieniała się droga optyczna w światłowodzie, co powodowało zmiany czasu przelotu...
-
Modelling an accelerometer for robot position estimation
PublikacjaThe article describes a new model of a MEMS accelerometer for usage in inertial measurement units (IMU). Such units allow to measure orientation and location of the sensor/system and therefore can be applied for systems positioning. The main purpose of the paper is to model pertinent accelerometer functions substantial in determination of the location of the sensor by means of double integration of acceleration. The model takes...
-
Evaluation of position estimation based on accelerometer data
PublikacjaThe paper concerns the problem of integrating data from accelerometers. A suitable model of a MEMS accelerometer is presented which is a part of inertial measurement units (IMU). Such units allow to measure orientation as well as to localize systems. They also appear to be applicable for systems positioning. The main purpose of the paper is to discuss conditions that must be satisfied to calculate the location of the sensor by...
-
The computational methods in the development of a novel multianalyte calibration technique for potentiometric integrated sensors systems
PublikacjaIn recent years, integration and miniaturization of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have brought many benefits resulting in the possibility of simultaneous determination of the ions concentration in small volume samples. One of the key problems related to the preparation of potentiometric integrated sensors systems (PISSs) is a calibration procedure due to the necessity to calibrate each particular sensor separately. The main aim...
-
Optical Sensor Based Gestures Inference Using Recurrent Neural Network in Mobile Conditions
PublikacjaIn this paper the implementation of recurrent neural network models for hand gesture recognition on edge devices was performed. The models were trained with 27 hand gestures recorded with the use of a linear optical sensor consisting of 8 photodiodes and 4 LEDs. Different models, trained off-line, were tested in terms of different network topologies (different number of neurons and layers) and different effective sampling frequency...
-
Prototype of electrochemical sensor for measurements of volatile organic compounds in gases
PublikacjaThe paper presents a laboratory prototype of an electrochemical sensor for measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gases, utilizing ionic liquids and commercial screen printed electrodes by DropSens. The following ionic liquids have been tested as the electrolyte and redox reaction environment: 1-butyl, 3-methylimidazolium dicyanoamide ([BMIM][N(CN)2]), 1-octyl, 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([OMIM][BF4]),...
-
Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Films as Reflective Layers for Fiber-Optic Sensors of Refractive Index of Liquids
PublikacjaThis paper reports the application of doped nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films—nitrogen-doped NCD and boron-doped NCD—as reflective surfaces in an interferometric sensor of refractive index dedicated to the measurements of liquids. The sensor is constructed as a Fabry–Pérot interferometer, working in the reflective mode. The diamond films were deposited on silicon substrates by a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition...
-
Properties of Nasicon-based CO2 sensor with Bi8Nb2O17 reference electrode
PublikacjaGas sensors are useful for the carbon dioxide concentration monitoring in many applications. The major challenge is to develop a potentiometric sensor working without the necessity of a reference gas and without a need of the reference electrode encapsulation. Important issue is a selection of reference electrode material, which should provide stable reference potential. For example as reference electrode material in sensor based...
-
Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublikacjaThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
-
Multilevel inverter neutral-point voltage sensor diagnostic based on the Extended Kalman Filter
PublikacjaA new algorithm for neutral point voltage imbalance estimation in DC link of the three-level (3L) neutral point clamped (NPC) voltage source inverter (VSI) is proposed. Application of the proposed algorithm does not require any additional sensors. The unbalanced voltage calculation is based on the information derived from the inverter output measured currents and from the knowledge of the load model parameters. In order to estimate...
-
Displacement Sensors Based on the Phase of the Reflection Coefficient of a Split Ring Resonator Loaded Transmission Line
Publikacja— In this paper, novel displacement sensors using a microstrip loaded with a pair of split ring resonators (SRRs) are proposed. It is shown that the phase of the reflection coefficient from the loading SRRs can be used for displacement sensing. The paper also proposes a differential version of the sensor that benefits from a higher sensitivity and reference zero, which is useful for alignment purposes. It is further shown that...
-
A Multifunctional Microwave Filter/Sensor Component Using a Split Ring Resonator Loaded Transmission Line
PublikacjaThis research is focused on the design and realiza2 tion of a microwave component with multifunctional filter/sensor 3 operation using a resonator-loaded transmission line (TL). It is 4 shown that while the structure acts as a bandstop filter, the 5 phase of the reflection coefficient from the loading resonator(s) 6 on a movable layer can be used for displacement sensing, thus 7 allowing for combining filtering with sensing in...
-
Measurement method for capacitive sensors for microcontrollers based on a phase shifter
PublikacjaA complete measurement method dedicated to capacitive sensors has been developed. It includes the development of hardware (an analogue interface circuit for microcontrollers with built-in times/counters and analogue comparators) and software (a measurement procedure and a systematic error calibration (correction) algorithm which is based on a calibration dictionary). The interface circuit consists of a low-pass filter and a phase...
-
Fiber optic sensor based on optical frequency domain reflectometry.Optical Fibres and their Applications VIII.
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki modelowania systemu sensorów światłowodowych wykorzystującego reflektometrię optyczną w dziedzinie częstotliwości. Na podstawie tych wyników zrealizowano quasi-rozłożony sensor temperatury. Zaprezentowano i omówiono wyniki pomiarów.
-
Efficient Calibration of Cost-Efficient Particulate Matter Sensors Using Machine Learning and Time-Series Alignment
PublikacjaAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) poses a significant threat to human health, infiltrating the lungs and brain and leading to severe issues such as heart and lung diseases, cancer, and premature death. The main sources of PM pollution are vehicular and industrial emissions, construction and agricultural activities, and natural phenomena such as wildfires. Research underscores the absence of a safe threshold for particulate exposure,...
-
Field Calibration of Low-Cost Particulate Matter Sensors Using Artificial Neural Networks and Affine Response Correction
PublikacjaDue to detrimental effects of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), its accurate monitoring is of paramount importance, especially in densely populated urban areas. However, precise measurement of PM levels requires expensive and sophisticated equipment. Although low-cost alternatives are gaining popularity, their reliability is questionable, attributed to sensitivity to environmental conditions, inherent instability, and manufacturing...
-
Detection of the Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas Syringae pv. Lachrymans on Antibody-Modified Gold Electrodes by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe present work describes an impedimetric immunosensor for Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (Psl) detection. This pathogen infects many crop species causing considerable yield losses, thus fast and cheap detection method is in high demand. In the assay, the gold disc electrode was modified with 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP), glutaraldehyde (GA), and anti-Psl antibodies, and free-sites were blocked with bovine serum albumin (BSA)....
-
Electronic Noses in Medical Diagnostics
PublikacjaElectronic nose technology is being developed in order to identify aromas in a way parallel to the biologic olfaction. When applied to the field of medicine, such device should be able to identify and discriminate between different diseases. In recent years this kind of approach finds application in medical diagnostics, and especially in disease screening. Despite the fact that devices utilizing chemical sensor arrays are not routinely...
-
Asynchronous distributed state estimation for continuous-time stochastic processes
PublikacjaWe consider the problem of state estimation of a continuous-time stochastic process using an asynchronous distributed multi-sensor estimation system (ADES). In an ADES the state of a process of interest is estimated by a group of local estimators. Each local estimator based, for example, on a Kalman filter, performs single sensor filtration but also fusion of its local results and results from other (remote) processors to compute...
-
Taguchi sensors under temperature modulation
PublikacjaSemiconductor gas sensors are widely used in gas- analyzing applications for various gas species determination due to their low cost and possibility to detect number of different gases. However, one of the main problems with such sensors is their lack of selectivity. To overcome this issue different ap- proaches can be used. One of them is the operation with sensor temperature modulation combined with dedicated data process- ing...
-
3D Sound Intensity Measurement Around Organ Pipes Using Acoustic Vector Sensors
PublikacjaThe aim of the presented paper was to obtain and visualize sound intensity distribution of radiated acoustic energy around the organ pipes. The experimental setup consisted of the multichannel acoustic vector sensor and the specialized Cartesian robot. Measurements were performed in free field with spatial resolution of 0.1 [m]. Two organ pipes, i.e. wooden and metal were measured during the ex-periment. The organ pipes were activated...
-
Determination of refractive index dispersion using fiber-optic low-coherence Fabry–Perot interferometer: implementation and validation
PublikacjaWe present the implementation and validation of low-coherence Fabry–Perot interferometer for refractive index dispersion measurements of liquids. A measurement system has been created with the use of four superluminescent diodes with different optical parameters, a fiber-optic coupler and an optical spectrum analyzer. The Fabry–Perot interferometer cavity has been formed by the fiber-optic end and mirror surfaces mounted on a micromechanical...
-
An extension to the FEEDB Multimodal Database of Facial Expressions and Emotions
PublikacjaFEEDB is a multimodal database that contains recordings of people expressing different emotions, captured by using a Microsoft Kinect sensor. Data were originally provided in the device’s proprietary format (XED), requiring both the Microsoft Kinect Studio application and a Kinect sensor attached to the system to use the files. In this paper, we present an extension of the database. For a selection of recordings, we also provide...
-
Facial emotion recognition using depth data
PublikacjaIn this paper an original approach is presented for facial expression and emotion recognition based only on depth channel from Microsoft Kinect sensor. The emotional user model contains nine emotions including the neutral one. The proposed recognition algorithm uses local movements detection within the face area in order to recognize actual facial expression. This approach has been validated on Facial Expressions and Emotions Database...
-
Sensor Position Estimation Method for IoT Using Mobile Reference Node
PublikacjaThe paper proposes an innovative method of locating objects for the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed method allows the position of a fixed measuring sensor (MS) to be estimated using one mobile base station with a known position moving around the MS. The mathematical analysis of the method, and three algorithms — Newton’s (NA), gradient descent (GD) and genetic (GA) — for solving the system of non-linear positional equations...
-
New Complementary Resonator for Permittivity- and Thickness-Based Dielectric Characterization
PublikacjaThe design of high-performance complementary meta-resonators for microwave sensors featur-ing high sensitivity and consistent evaluation of dielectric materials is challenging. This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel complementary resonator with high sensi-tivity for dielectric substrate characterization based on permittivity and thickness. A comple-mentary crossed arrow resonator (CCAR) is proposed and integrated...
-
The possibility of application of the potentiometric sensor with all-solid-state electrodes containing lipid-polymer membranes for classification of tested black leaf teas in terms of their quality
PublikacjaPotentiometric sensor with all-solid-state electrodes containing lipid-polymer membranes for a set of black leaf teas coming from four countries (China, India, Sri Lanka and Kenia) classification was applied. The tested tea samples were reassigned to quality classes marked with numbers I–V according to the information available. The sensor results of tea samples are presented in the form of radar charts. It was observed that, in...