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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: extracellular vesicles
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Combined environmental testing device for picosatellites
PublikacjaAs access to space conditions becomes more available, both technically and economically, scientists’ interest in launching finer and more sophisticated experiments grows. To be qualified for launch, such experiments need to be carefully tested prior to the event. The tests should represent actual launch conditions as closely and in a detailed manner. Typical tests for payload include: vibration tests, thermal and vacuum tests,...
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Pedestrian Safety at Midblock Crossings on Dual Carriageway Roads in Polish Cities
PublikacjaRoad crossings across two or more lanes in one direction are particularly dangerous due to limited sight distance and high vehicle speeds. To improve their safety, road authorities should provide safety treatments. These may include additional measures to reduce speed and narrow the road cross-section and the introduction of active pedestrian crossings. Equipped with flashing lights activated automatically when a pedestrian is...
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Transcriptomic responses to wounding: meta-analysis of gene expression microarray data
PublikacjaBackground A vast amount of microarray data on transcriptomic response to injury has been collected so far. We designed the analysis in order to identify the genes displaying significant changes in expression after wounding in different organisms and tissues. This meta-analysis is the first study to compare gene expression profiles in response to wounding in as different tissues as heart, liver, skin, bones, and spinal cord, and...
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Localization and Orientation of Xanthophylls in a Lipid Bilayer
PublikacjaXanthophylls (polar carotenoids) play diverse biological roles, among which are modulation of the physical properties of lipid membranes and protection of biomembranes against oxidative damage. Molecular mechanisms underlying these functions are intimately related to the localization and orientation of xanthophyll molecules in lipid membranes. In the present work, we address the problem of localization and orientation of two xanthophylls...
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Road traffic can be predicted by machine learning equally effectively as by complex microscopic model
PublikacjaSince high-quality real data acquired from selected road sections are not always available, a traffic control solution can use data from software traffic simulators working offline. The results show that in contrast to microscopic traffic simulation, the algorithms employing neural networks can work in real-time, so they can be used, among others, to determine the speed displayed on variable message road signs. This paper describes...
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Polish Experience of Implementing Vision Zero
PublikacjaPurpose of Review The aim of this study is to present an outline and the principles of Poland’s road safety strategic programming as it has developed over the last 25 years since the first Integrated Road Safety System with a strong focus on Sweden’s “Vision Zero”. Recent Findings Countries that have successfully improved road safety have done so by following strategies centred around the idea that people are not infallible and...
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INFLUENCE OF LOAD AND INFLATION PRESSURE ON THE TYRE ROLLING RESISTANCE
PublikacjaTyre load and inflation pressure are important factors controlling rolling resistance of road vehicles. The article presents results obtained in the Technical University of Gdańsk during laboratory and road measurements of different car tyres rolling on different pavements. The knowledge of rolling resistance characteristics is important for modelling car dynamics as well as fuel consumption. It is also necessary to establish proper...
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3D scanning system for railway current collector contact strips
PublikacjaUndisturbed collection of current from a contact wire of the catenary constitutes one of the basic elements in reliable operation of electrified rail transport, particularly when vehicles move at high speed. Quality of current collection is influenced by the construction of catenary and current collectors, as well as by the technical condition and regulation of these two elements. Total contact force of a current collector head...
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Validation of a virtual test environment for C2X communication under radio jamming conditions
PublikacjaIn this paper, we propose a novel car-2-x communication security testing methodology in the physical layer of wireless systems. The approach is dedicated to automated testing of autonomous vehicles and it is essential for such complex systems operation, especially with regard to safety and security issues. It is based on scenario-driven testing in virtual and real test environments created from collected or simulated data. The...
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Road texture influence on tyre rolling resistance
PublikacjaTyre performance, one of the critical factors for vehicle users, is strongly related to theroad surface characteristics, most notably to the pavement texture. Phenomena that occur at the tyre/road interface affect tyre friction (skid resistance), rolling resistance, tyre wear and tyre/road noise. This article deals with relationship between surface texture and rolling resistance of light and heavy vehicle tyres. Mean profile depth...
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Evaluation of Street Lighting Efficiency Using a Mobile Measurement System
PublikacjaThe issue concerns the initial stage of work on a method for performing a rapid assessment of the energy efficiency and illuminance of a street lighting installation. The proposed method is based on simultaneous measurement of illuminance from three lux meters placed on the roof of the vehicle. The data are acquired in road traffic, while the vehicle is driving. The proposed solution will allow in the future to quickly and reproducibly...
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Koncepcja analizy stanów emocjonalnych użytkowników w kontekście systemów zabezpieczeń transportowych
PublikacjaAutorzy, przywołując własne i światowe badania nad rozpoznawaniem emocji ludzkich z obrazu twarzy, wskazują na możliwość zastosowania algorytmów komputerowych i ich implementacji w komputerach osobistych (i innych urządzeniach personalnych wyposażonych w dostatecznie silny procesor obliczeniowy). Zastosowanie takiego rozwiązania może poprawić bezpieczeństwo użytkowania urządzeń, maszyn i pojazdów, których operatorzy muszą gwarantować...
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Novel proposal for V2X systems and WBAN cooperation to improve road safety
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel proposal of the automotive Vehicle-to-Everything system solution is presented. In this proposal, there are included the Machine to Machine type communication system and the sensor system based on a short-range the Wireless Body Area Network communication. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the model for communication, especially its architecture and signals structure for the proposed solution. The use...
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ON ESTIMATION OF OCCUPANT SAFETY IN VEHICULAR CRASHES INTO ROADSIDE OBSTACLES USING NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
PublikacjaThe article describes a comparison of two general methods of occupants safety estimation based on a numerical examples. The so-called direct method is mainly based on the Head Injury Criterion of a crash test dummy in a vehicle with passive safety system while the indirect method uses a European standards approach to estimate impact severity level. Numerical simulations in LS-DYNA have been conducted.
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Możliwości redukcji przebiegowego zużycia paliwa przy zastosowaniu elektronicznych systemów wspomagających kierowców
PublikacjaElektroniczne systemy wspomagające kierowcę pomagają kierującym kontrolować sytuację na drodze, przekazują sygnały do układu hamulcowego i napędowego, rozpoznają znaki drogowe, pozwalają utrzymać odpowiedni dystans w czasie jazdy w kolumnie, a także kontrolują położenie pojazdu na pasie ruchu. Elek-troniczne systemy wspomagające kierowcę pomagają również zmniejszyć przebiegowe zużycie paliwa, poprzez odpowiednie sterowanie układem...
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Pedestrian Safety in Road Traffic in Poland
PublikacjaEvery third road accident in Poland involves a pedestrian as a participant or, most of the time, a casualty. Pedestrian accidents are usually the result of complex situations and the outcome of a number of factors related to driver and pedestrian behaviour and road infrastructure. Safety depends largely on how well the traffic condition is perceived and on visibility in traffic. The paper presents the results of analyses of methodologies...
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Integration Data Model of the Bathymetric Monitoring System for Shallow Waterbodies Using UAV and USV Platforms
PublikacjaChanges in the seafloor relief are particularly noticeable in shallow waterbodies (at depths up to several metres), where they are of significance for human safety and environmental protection, as well as for which the highest measurement accuracy is required. The aim of this publication is to present the integration data model of the bathymetric monitoring system for shallow waterbodies using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and...
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Wpływ kierowcy na opór toczenia samochodu
PublikacjaW pracy omówiono wpływ zachowań kierowcy na opory toczenia pojazdu w ruchu drogowym. Można tu wyróżnić styl jazdy kierowcy oraz jego dbałość o pojazd. Przedstawiono wzrost oporu toczenia w aspekcie dynamicznego przyspieszania oraz szybkiej jazdy na zakręcie. Przeanalizowano także wpływ na opór toczenia takich czynników jak: ciśnienie w ogumieniu obciążenie promieniowe, zbieżność kół jezdnych samochodu oraz zużycie ogumienia.
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Design of control algorithms for mobile robots in an environment with static and dynamic obstacles
PublikacjaThis article proposes the construction of autonomous mobile robots and designing of obstacle avoidance algorithms for them. Nowadays, mobile robots are gaining more and more popularity on the customer as well as industrial market, for example as automatic vacuum cleaners or lawnmowers. Obstacle avoidance algorithms play an important role in performance of this types of robots. The proposed algorithms were designed for builds with...
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Structural design and sensitivity analysis of semi-rigid pavement of a motorway
PublikacjaThis paper presents application of mechanistic-empirical methods in design of semi-rigid pavement for a section of a motorway in Poland. The stage construction was assumed. Three fatigue criteria were applied in the design. For asphalt fatigue cracking and subgrade soil the criteria from the Asphalt Institute (USA) were applied. For fatigue cracking of cement stabilized bases the Dempsey (USA) and De Beer (South Africa) criteria...
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UAV IN TODAYS PHOTOGRAMMETRY – APPLICATION AREAS AND CHALLENGES
PublikacjaThere a few important factors, that nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are used by wider community, and for cases and applications, that cannot be performed never before. Small UAVs, as a photogrammetry measurement tool provide flexibility, reliability, are safe and easy to use, can be deployed in minutes, initial measurement can be delivered yet on the field, and final accurate measurements are calculated in a very short...
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Safety Assessment of Tram Stops
PublikacjaThe safety of public transport stops is the subject of numerous studies in large agglomerations around the world. This is due to the fact that it is a passenger exchange zone where collisions and accidents involving people getting on or off public transport vehicles most often occur. For this reason, the purpose of the article is to present the results of the safety assessment of the stop zones for two selected tram lines in Wroclaw....
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Deep Learning: A Case Study for Image Recognition Using Transfer Learning
PublikacjaDeep learning (DL) is a rising star of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) domains. Until 2006, many researchers had attempted to build deep neural networks (DNN), but most of them failed. In 2006, it was proven that deep neural networks are one of the most crucial inventions for the 21st century. Nowadays, DNN are being used as a key technology for many different domains: self-driven vehicles, smart cities,...
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Deep Learning
PublikacjaDeep learning (DL) is a rising star of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) domains. Until 2006, many researchers had attempted to build deep neural networks (DNN), but most of them failed. In 2006, it was proven that deep neural networks are one of the most crucial inventions for the 21st century. Nowadays, DNN are being used as a key technology for many different domains: self-driven vehicles, smart cities,...
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ANALYSIS OF POSSIBILITIES FOR THE USE OF VOLUME-DELAY FUNCTIONS IN THE PLANNING MODULE OF THE TRISTAR SYSTEM
PublikacjaTravel time is a measure commonly used for traffic flow modelling and traffic control. It also helps to evaluate the quality of traffic control systems in urban areas. Traffic control systems that use traffic models to predict changes and disruptions in vehicle flows have to use vehicle speed-prediction models. Travel time estimation studies the effects of traffic volumes on a street section at an average speed. The TRISTAR Integrated...
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Problemy zagrażające bezpieczeństwu dzieci i ich rodziców w ruchu drogowym podczas podróży do szkoły na przykładzie Przymorza Małego w Gdańsku
PublikacjaArtykuł opisuje problemy wpływające negatywnie na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego na obszarze Przymorza Małego, a także przedstawia pomysły, których realizacja powinna poprawić bezpieczeństwo pieszych, rowerzystów oraz kierowców pojazdów samochodowych poruszających się po tym obszarze. W pierwszej części przedstawiono informacje dotyczące stanu aktualnego analizowanego terenu, opisano zlokalizowane tutaj placówki oświatowe, a także...
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Automated Parameter Determination for Horizontal Curves for the Purposes of Road Safety Models with the Use of the Global Positioning System
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of research conducted to develop an automated system capable of determining parameters for horizontal curves. The system presented in this article could calculate the actual course of a road by means of a two-stage positioning of recorded points along the road. In the first stage, measurements were taken with a Real-Time Network (RTN) receiver installed in a research vehicle. In the second stage,...
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Modelowanie matematyczne górnej sieci trakcyjnej dla potrzeb diagnostyki odbieraków prądu
PublikacjaGórna sieć trakcyjna jest obecnie najbardziej skutecznym sposobem zasilania kolejowych pojazdów elektrycznych. Wzrost prędkości pojazdów zwiększa pobór mocy i wymaga zapewnienia właściwej współpracy odbieraków prądu pojazdów z siecią jezdną. Metody modelowania i projektowania wspomaganego komputerowo dla górnej sieci trakcyjnej są obecnie na całym świecie szeroko rozwijane. W artykule przedstawiono nowy model matematyczny elementów...
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Analytics of airport runoff water samples
PublikacjaThe everyday activities at airports, such as aircraft and ground vehicle washing, cleaning, de/anti-icing operations, fuelling, and fuel combustion, removing weeds are the main sources of airport industrial wastes. Runoff waters from airport areas constitute a serious environmental problem as they contribute to air, water, and soil pollution. The paper supplies general information on the technologies for treating airport runoff...
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Dual-Activity Fluoroquinolone-Transportan 10 Conjugates offer alternative Leukemia therapy during Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
PublikacjaHematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is often considered a last resort leukemia treatment, fraught with limited success due to microbial infections, a leading cause of mortality in leukemia patients. To address this critical issue, we explored a novel approach by synthesizing antileukemic agents containing antibacterial substances. This innovative strategy involves conjugating fluoroquinolone antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin...
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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in environmental samples
PublikacjaToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that has capacity to infect warm-blooded animals. Human toxoplasmosis is usually asymptomatic, whereas severe complications may occur in immunocompromised patients (e.g. AIDS) or in case of congenitalinfection. One of the sources of acquiring human toxoplasmosis is ingestion of T. gondii oocysts. It is known that newly infected cats can shed millions of oocysts into the environment,...
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Assessment of Subsoil Subsidence Under the Railway Surface with the Use of Fuzzy Sets
PublikacjaThe cause of the subsidence of the railway track is the subsidence of the track bed itself and it is often related to the subsidence of the subsoil. Such settlement leads to: uneven longitudinal railways and track twist. These phenomena have a negative impact on the comfort and safety of driving, and in extreme cases lead to a train derailment. It has been shown that the magnitude of these settlements is determined by many parameters...
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Optimization of Energetic Train Cooperation
PublikacjaIn the article, possible ways of using energy recovered during regenerative braking of trains are presented. It is pointed out that the return of recovered electricity directly to the catenary and its use in the energy cooperation of vehicles can be a no-cost method (without additional infrastructure). The method of energy cooperation between trains and its main assumptions, that uses the law of conservation of energy, are described...
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Final report on noise and rolling resistance
PublikacjaWork Package 6 deals with environmental impacts of PERS use, including noise and rolling resistance. This report covers preliminary noise tests performed in the laboratory and at the road test sites. The obtained results indicate that PERS material reduce noise considerably - up to 12 dB in comparison to SMA16 reference surface. Noise reduction properties are especially visible in the case of factory produced PERS slabs supplied...
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MARITIME LASER SCANNING AS THE SOURCE FOR SPATIAL DATA
PublikacjaThe rapid development of scanning technology, especially mobile scanning, gives the possibility to collect spatial data coming from maritime measurement platforms and autonomous manned or unmanned vehicles. Presented solution is derived from the mobile scanning. However we should keep in mind that the specificity of laser scanning at sea and processing collected data should be in the form acceptable in Geographical Information...
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Reduction of Tire Rolling Resistance by Optimization of Road Surfaces and Tires
PublikacjaDuring interaction between tire and road surface three very important phenomena are always in effect. One of them (very desirable) is friction that is important for traction, braking and cornering. Two other phenomena are not desirable at all, that is rolling resistance and noise. This paper discusses relations between road surface and tire parameters versus tire rolling resistance. Road surface texture, porosity, impedance, strength...
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A taxonomy of challenges to resilient message dissemination in VANETs
PublikacjaInter-vehicular communications is seen as a promising solution to a number of issues related with public road safety, road congestion management, and infotainment. However, Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) characterized by high mobility of vehicles and facing a number of other issues related with high frequency wireless communications and network disconnections, encounter major challenges related with reliability of message delivery....
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Dynamic charging of electric buses
PublikacjaDespite the continuous development of electrochemical battery technology and the multitude of electric buses on offer, it is still not possible to exploit electric buses in urban transport on an all-day basis without the necessity of charging them. It is therefore necessary to build point-to-point contact charging stations or induction charging stations at the terminals. This results in substantial financial outlays connected with...
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Service-based Resilience for Embedded IoT Networks
PublikacjaEmbedded IoT networks are the backbone of safety-critical systems like smart factories, autonomous vehicles, and airplanes. Therefore, resilience against failures and attacks should be a prior concern already in their design stage. In this study, we introduce a service-based network model as an MILP optimization problem for the efficient deployment of a service overlay to the embedded network by meeting QoS and resilience requirements....
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The role of numerical tests in assessing road restraint system functionality
PublikacjaKey to understanding the needs and building road infrastructure management tools to prevent and mitigate run-off-road accidents is to identify hazards and their sources which are a result of wrong design, construction, and installation of road restraint systems. Building such tools requires advanced studies with field tests, simulations and models to demonstrate the effects of selected parameters on road user safety. The research...
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Determination of pseudocapacitance chan ges of nickel oxide NiO electrode with use of dynamic electrochemical impedancje spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are attractive energy storage devices which can be applied in many electronic products (e.g., cameras, laptops, cell phones) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The energy storage in ECs is based on capacitive (the electrical double layer charging/discharging) and pseudocapacitive (additional charge provided by faradic reaction) phenomena. Considering the electrodes exhibiting pseudocapacitance,...
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Algorytm selekcji klonalnej w marszrutowaniu pojazdów
PublikacjaStreszczenie: Algorytmy selekcji klonalnej (SK) to algorytmy optymalizacji dyskretnej należące do klasy sztucznych systemów immunologicznych. W pracy przedstawiamy zastosowanie algorytmu SK do rozwiązywania NP-trudnego problemu Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). Praca zawiera opis algorytmu i jego adaptacji do CVRP, wyniki badań nad parametrami algorytmu oraz eksperymentów komputerowych porównujących efektywność SK z algorytmem...
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Employing economical methods for pavement defects estimation
PublikacjaIt is a common practise that measurements of road surface conditions are made using professional and expensive apparatus. Typically a van or a truck equipped with a set of professional sensors i.e. laser scanners of surface is used, therefore the measurement update period is often quite long. Two alternative low-cost methods for estimating road pavement defects and failures were proposed and investigated by the authors. The first...
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SAMOCHÓD SPORTOWY DUOMOTO NAPĘDZANY DWOMA SILNIKAMI SPALINOWYMI
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono zaprojektowany i zbudowany przez zespół czterech dyplomantów Wydziału Mechanicznego Politechniki Gdańskiej samochód sportowy napędzany dwoma silnikami. Jeden z nich umieszczono z przodu pojazdu. Przekazuje on moment obrotowy na koła osi przedniej poprzez zespolony układ napędowy. Drugi silnik, usytuowany ztyłu pojazdu, w identyczny sposób przekazuje moment napędowy na koła osi tylnej....
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Modelowanie i symulacja ruchu pojazdu zabytkowego podczas hamowania
PublikacjaOpracowano model samochodu zabytkowego z wykorzystaniem metody masa-sprężyna, służącego do symulacji procesu hamowania pojazdu zabytkowego z możliwością pomiaru drogi hamowania. Konfiguracja sieci połączeń między punktami mas elementów zawieszenia oraz opony okazuje się mieć bardzo duży wpływ na zachowanie symulowanego samochodu podczas hamowania. Poprawność symulacji sprawdzono porównując wyniki uzyskane z symulacji oraz z pomiarów...
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Speed estimation of a car at impact with a W-beam guardrail using numerical simulations and machine learning
PublikacjaThis paper aimed at developing a new method of estimating the impact speed of a passenger car at the moment of a crash into a W-beam road safety barrier. The determination of such a speed based on the accident outcomes is demanding, because often there is no access to full accident data. However, accurate determination of the impact speed is one of the key elements in the reconstruction of road accidents. A machine learning algorithm...
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Tyre/road noise measurements on ISO tracks using the modified CPX method
PublikacjaTyre rolling noise test method specified in the UNECE Regulation 117 is directly used in the Tyre Labelling Directive. Noise level specified on EU Tyre Label of each new tyre available on the European market was determined based on vehicle coast-by noise measurements performed on the standard reference road surface proscribed in the ISO 10844:2014. Available data from investigations by the vehicle and tyre industry and results...
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Wybrane zagadnienia optymalizacji organizacji ruchu kolejowego w celu minimalizacji kosztów energii elektrycznej
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono podział kosztów w transporcie kolejowym z uwzględnieniem kosztów wewnętrznych przedsiębiorstwa, do których zaliczają się między innymi koszty dostępu do infrastruktury, czy koszty energii. Stwierdzono, że przy odpowiedniej organizacji ruchu pociągów na sieci kolejowej, bez ponoszenia dodatkowych nakładów na infrastrukturę i specjalistyczne urządzenia, można znacznie ograniczyć zużycie energii, a co za tym...
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Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage – The Experience of the Materials Preparation for the Specific Applications.
PublikacjaThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and reversible chemical reaction heat storage. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. The amount of heat...
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Koncepcja i symulacja polowa generatora o zmiennej częstotliwości. Zastosowanie w autonomicznych systemach elektroenergetycznych = Conception and field simulations of a variable frequency generator. Application for autonomous power generation system
PublikacjaStreszczenie angielskie: This paper covers a conception and simulation results for a brushless synchronous generator working with variable speed in an autonomous energy generation system (e.g. airplane power grid, hybrid vehicle, micro-CHP). The papers has two parts: presentation of the generator conception used in modern autonomous energy generation systems, and simulation results using filed model elaborated in Flux2D software....