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Evaluation of the use of reindeer droppings for monitoring essential and non-essential elements in the polar terrestrial environment
PublicationExcess or toxic metals, non-metals and metalloids can be eliminated from the organism by deposition in inert tissue (e.g. fur) or excretion with body secretions, urine and faeces. Droppings are one of the main routes for the elimination of multiple elements and they can be collected without direct contact with the animal. Contaminant concentration has been examined in non-lethally collected tissues of several species (especially...
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The exposure to UV filters: Prevalence, effects, possible molecular mechanisms of action and interactions within mixtures
PublicationSubstances that can absorb sunlight and harmful UV radiation such as organic UV filters are widely used in cosmetics and other personal care products. Since humans use a wide variety of chemicals for multiple purposes it is common for UV filters to co-occur with other substances either in human originating specimens or in the environment. There is increasing interest in understanding such co-occurrence in form of potential synergy, antagonist,...
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Advancing sustainable wastewater management: A comprehensive review of nutrient recovery products and their applications
PublicationWastewater serves as a vital resource for sustainable fertilizer production, particularly in the recovery of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). This comprehensive study explores the recovery chain, from technology to final product reuse. Biomass growth is the most cost-effective method, valorizing up to 95 % of nutrients, although facing safety concerns. Various techniques enable the recovery of 100 % P and up to 99 % N, but challenges...
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Modeling lignin extraction with ionic liquids using machine learning approach
PublicationLignin, next to cellulose, is the second most common natural biopolymer on Earth, containing a third of the organic carbon in the biosphere. For many years, lignin was perceived as waste when obtaining cellulose and hemicellulose and used as a biofuel for the production of bioenergy. However, recently, lignin has been considered a renewable raw material for the production of chemicals and materials to replace petrochemical resources....
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Sonocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A from aquatic matrices over Pd/CeO2 nanoparticles: Kinetics study, transformation products, and toxicity
PublicationIn this work, different ratios of palladium – cerium oxide (Pd/CeO2) catalyst were synthesized and characterized, while their sonocatalytic activity was evaluated for the degradation of the xenobiotic Bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solutions. Sonocatalytic activity expressed as BPA decomposition exhibited a volcano-type behavior in relation to the Pd loading, and the 0.25Pd/CeO2 catalyst characterized by the maximum Pd dispersion...
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Removal of selected sulfonamides and sulfonamide resistance genes from wastewater in full-scale constructed wetlands
PublicationSulfonamides are high-consumption antibiotics that reach the aquatic environment. The threat related to their presence in wastewater and the environment is not only associated with their antibacterial properties, but also with risk of the spread of drug resistance in bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of eight commonly used sulfonamides, sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1–3) and integrase genes...
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Endocrine disrupting compounds in the baby's world - A harmful environment to the health of babies
PublicationGlobally, there has been a significant increase in awareness of the adverse effects of chemicals with known or suspected endocrine-acting properties on human health. Human exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) mainly occurs by ingestion and to some extent by inhalation and dermal uptake. Although it is difficult to assess the full impact of human exposure to EDCs, it is well known that timing of exposure is of importance...
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Bibliometric analysis and literature review of ultrasound-assisted degradation of organic pollutants
PublicationUltrasound as a clean, efficient, and cheap technique gains special attention in wastewater treatment. Ultrasound alone or coupled with hybrid processes have been widely studied for the treatment of pollutants in wastewater. Thus, it is essential to conduct a review about the research development and trends on this emerging technique. This work presents a bibliometric analysis of the topic associated with multiple tools such as...
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Impact of climate change on groundwater recharge in shallow young glacial aquifers in northern Poland
PublicationWe investigated the influence of climate change in the period 1951–2020 on shallow aquifers in the Brda and Wda outwash plains (Pomeranian Region, Northern Poland). There was a significant temperature rise (0.3 °C/10 years), which accelerated after 1980 (0.66 °C/10 years). Precipitation became increasingly irregular – extremely rainy years occurred right after or before extremely dry years, and intensive rainfall events became...
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Insights into baby disposable diapers sustainable application
PublicationThe sustainable use of baby disposable diapers is one of the issues currently being discussed to reduce the undesirable impact on the environment and improve the public's understanding of the proper use of diapers. This issue is a step toward promoting a cleaner, greener, and waste-less environment. In this article, the authors discuss options for a viable future for both people and the planet. We believe that it inspire others...
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Sea spray as a secondary source of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants? - Conclusions from a comparison of seven fresh snowfall events in 2019 and 2021
PublicationSecondary sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) gain in importance worldwide as primary sources decline. In this work, we aim to determine whether sea spray may be a secondary source of chlorinated POPs to the terrestrial Arctic, since a similar mechanism was proposed there only for the more water-soluble POPs. To this end, we have determined polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides concentrations in fresh...
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The coexistence and competition of canonical and comammox nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a nitrifying activated sludge system – Experimental observations and simulation studies
PublicationThe second step of nitrification can be mediated by nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), i.e. Nitrospira and Nitrobacter, with different characteristics in terms of the r/K theory. In this study, an activated sludge model was developed to account for competition between two groups of canonical NOB and comammox bacteria. Heterotrophic denitrification on soluble microbial products was also incorporated into the model. Four 5-week washout...
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Testing a Variety of Features for Music Mood Recognition. Testowanie zestawu parametrów w celu rozpoznawania nastroju w muzyce
PublicationMusic collections are organized in a very different way depending on a target, number of songs or a distribution method, etc. One of the high-level feature, which can be useful and intuitive for listeners, is “mood”. Even if it seems to be the easiest way to describe music for people who are non-experts, it is very difficult to find the exact correlation between physical features and perceived impressions. The paper presents experiments...
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The description of non-linear interactions of wave and non-wave modes in a non-adiabatic plasma flow
PublicationThe method of derivation of non-linear equations for interacting modes is explained and applied to a plasma's flow affected by a magnetic field. It is based on the linear projecting of the total perturbation field into specific variations of variables in individual modes of a flow. The method may be applied in many examples of fluid flows with different mechanisms of non-adiabaticity. It is of special importance in complex flows...
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Influence of the fragment size on the recycling process of thin-film modules based on CdTe
PublicationFor several years, the production of second generation cells (the so-called thin film), produced from amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride (CdTe) or copper indium (gallium) diselenide (CI(G)S), has been increasing. The total number of end-of-life panels by 2050 is expected to reach 9.57 million tonnes. They contain heavy metals that can be leached into the environment at the land field. The EU directive on waste electrical and...
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Non-Linear Analysis of Structures Utilizing Load-Discretization of Stiffness Matrix Method with Coordinate Update
PublicationThis paper proposes a stiffness method based structural analysis algorithm for geometrically non-linear structures. In this study, the applied load on the joints has been discretized to a sequence of a few loadings applied. Each loading step produces incremental external nodal displacements, which are added to the corresponding coordinates to get a new geometrical shape of the structure. This process is iteratively repeated until...
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Applications of the discrete green's function in the finite-difference time-domain method
PublicationIn this paper, applications of the discrete Green's function (DGF) in the three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method are presented. The FDTD method on disjoint domains was developed employing DGF to couple the subdomains as well as to compute the electromagnetic field outside these subdomains. Hence, source and scatterer are simulated in separate subdomains and updating of vacuum cells, being of little...
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Edge subdivision and edge multisubdivision versus some domination related parameters in generalized corona graphs
PublicationGiven a graph G= (V, E), the subdivision of an edge e=uv∈E(G) means the substitution of the edge e by a vertex x and the new edges ux and xv. The domination subdivision number of a graph G is the minimum number of edges of G which must be subdivided (where each edge can be subdivided at most once) in order to increase the domination number. Also, the domination multisubdivision number of G is the minimum number of subdivisions...
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Fertility rebound and economic growth. New evidence for 18 countries over the period 1970-2011.
PublicationLong-run impact of economic growth on fertility trends is ambiguous and sensitive for in-time variations. Noticeably, over last decades, economic growth has led in many countries to significant falls in total fertility rates. However, recently, in high-income economies a kind of ‘fertility rebound’ emerged (Goldstein, 2009; Luci and Thevenon, 2011; Day, 2012), which supports the hypothesis that reversal trends in total fertility...
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Porównanie efektywności biologicznego usuwania związków biogennych w procesach MUCT i A2/O na przykładzie oczyszczalni w Gdańsku
PublicationThis paper presents a comparison of the efficiency of nutrient removal in two different technological systems functioning in WWTP in Gdansk. The upgrade was necessary in order to adjust the parameters of wastewater treatment to more stringent requirements for Total Nitrogen removal (Total Nitrogen concentration < 10 mg/L). Since 2012 the biological treatment line has operated based on modified A2/O process instead of MUCT process....
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Flow structure, heat transfer and scaling analysis in the case of thermo-magnetic convection in a differentially heated cylindrical enclosure
PublicationThe experimental, numerical and scaling analysis in the case of thermo-magnetic convection in a thermosyphon-like enclosure filled with a paramagnetic fluid is presented. Visualization of temperature field together with the numerical simulation gave an information about the flow structure, which indicated “finger-like” structures of hot and cold streams advecting each other. Their number depended on the Rayleigh number and also...
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Analiza wydajności kolektora słonecznego przeznaczonego dla systemu ogrzewania budynku o niskim zapotrzebowaniu na ciepło
PublicationNiniejsza praca przedstawia wyniki badań numerycznych kolektora słonecznego, przeznaczonego dla budynków o niskim zapotrzebowaniu na ciepło. W pracy przedstawiono nowatorską koncepcję kolektora słonecznego o obniżonej wydajności, niskich kosztach wykonania oraz wykorzystującego istniejące elementy konstrukcji przekryć budynku. Istotną zaletą kolektora jest brak ingerencji w architekturę zewnętrzną budynku. Za pomocą symulacji numerycznej...
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Structure and transport properties of donor-doped barium strontium cobaltites
PublicationIn this work, Nb-substituted barium strontium cobaltites Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-xNbxO3-δ (x = 0 – 0.4) have been fabricated and studied. The structural analysis showed that the Nb content influences the lattice constant as well as the distance between the (Co, Nb) and oxygen atoms. The study of morphology of samples showed that the Nb content does not change the porosity, grain size and morphology of the ceramics. The total electrical conductivity...
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On the connected and weakly convex domination numbers
PublicationIn this paper we study relations between connected and weakly convex domination numbers. We show that in general the difference between these numbers can be arbitrarily large and we focus on the graphs for which a weakly convex domination number equals a connected domination number. We also study the influence of the edge removing on the weakly convex domination number, in particular we show that a weakly convex domination number...
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The reliability of tree and star networks
PublicationThis paper investigated the reliability of tree and star networks. Following measures of network reliability are assumed: the expected number of nodes, that can communicate with the central node; the expected number of node pairs, that are connected by a path through the central node; the expected number of node pairs communicating.
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The effect of agro-waste co-digestion and sludge disposal on carbon footprint in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublicationThe study presents analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) in 6 wastewater treatment plants in northern Poland with a special focus on the effect of co digestion of sewage sludge and food waste. Although co-digestion increases the on-site energy production, but it has a negative effect on the total CF. To overcome the negative effect, several sludge disposal scenarios were analysed and their effect on the CF reduction was determined....
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Fluid structure interaction study of non-Newtonian Casson fluid in a bifurcated channel having stenosis with elastic walls
PublicationFluid–structure interaction (FSI) gained a huge attention of scientists and researchers due to its applications in biomedical and mechanical engineering. One of the most important applications of FSI is to study the elastic wall behavior of stenotic arteries. Blood is the suspension of various cells characterized by shear thinning, yield stress, and viscoelastic qualities that can be assessed by using non-Newtonian models. In this...
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Areas of Updraft Air Motion in an Idealised Weather Research and Forecasting Model Simulation of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Response to Different Floe Size Distributions
PublicationPresented dataset is part of a numerical modelling study focusing on the analysis of the influence of sea ice floe size distribution (FSD) on the horizontal and vertical structure of convection in the atmosphere. The total area and spatial arrangement of the up-drafts indicates that the FSD affects the total moisture content and the values of area averaged turbulent fluxes in the model domain. In fact, while convective updrafts...
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Comparison of Different Measurement Techniques as Methodology for Surveying and Monitoring Stainless Steel Chimneys
PublicationThe measurement of a chimney axis is an engineering geodesy task. These measurements allow to assess the technical condition of chimneys and are usually carried out for reinforced concrete chimneys. When measuring high chimneys, the main problem may be the need to go a long distance to take a measurement. The surface of the chimney can also be problematic because it can absorb so much light from the range finder that total station...
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Analysis of the causes and effects of cyclist-pedestrian accidents in biggest Polish cities
PublicationTraffic incidents between pedestrians and cyclists result in an incomparably smaller number of victims (injured and killed) than accidents between unprotected traffic participants and other vehicles. However, such incidents cannot be underestimated, as in most cases they take place on elements of infrastructure designed for pedestrians and cyclists, and thus negatively affect the sense of safety of users in places where they...
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Zero phase shift digital filtering for assessment of exposure to non-sinusoidal magnetic fields
PublicationAccuracy of assessment of human body exposure to magnetic fields is affected by several uncertainty sources. One of them is estimation of the total exposure to non-sinusoidal fields. Standard methods can be implemented using analogue or digital filters that introduce a phase shift that affect the result of total exposure level estimation. The paper presents a new method that allows performing more precise assessment of exposure...
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Effect of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on Free Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids
PublicationA theoretical analysis of the influence of temperature and nanoparticle concentration on free convection heat transfer from a horizontal tube immersed in an unbounded nanofluid was presented. The Nusselt (Nu) number and heat transfer coefficient were parameters of the intensity of the convective heat transfer. For free convection, the Nu number was a function of the Rayleigh (Ra) number and Prandtl (Pr) number. The Rayleigh (Ra)...
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Activity of Polish unifloral honeys against pathogenic bacteria and its correlation with colour, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and other parameters.
PublicationThe use of honey as an antimicrobial agent gains importance due to often ineffectiveness of conventional treatment. However, activity of honey depends mainly on its botanical and geographical origin. To date, antimicrobial potential of Polish honeys has not yet been entirely investigated. In this study, 37 unifloral samples of 14 honey types (including rare varieties) from Poland were analysed and compared with manuka honey. The...
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The Effect of the Selection of Three-Dimensional Random Numerical Soil Models on Strip Foundation Settlements
PublicationThis paper delivers a probabilistic attempt to prove that the selection of a random three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of a subsoil affects the computed settlements. Parametricanalysis of a random soil block is conducted, assuming a variable subsoil Young’s modulus inparticular finite elements. The modulus is represented by a random field or different-sized setsof random variables; in both cases, the same truncated...
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Adjusting the Stiffness of Supports during Milling of a Large-Size Workpiece Using the Salp Swarm Algorithm
PublicationThis paper concerns the problem of vibration reduction during milling. For this purpose, it is proposed that the standard supports of the workpiece be replaced with adjustable stiffness supports. This affects the modal parameters of the whole system, i.e., object and its supports, which is essential from the point of view of the relative tool–workpiece vibrations. To reduce the vibration level during milling, it is necessary to...
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Computationally Efficient Multi-Objective Optimization of and Experimental Validation of Yagi-Uda Antenna
PublicationIn this paper, computationally efficient multi-objective optimization of antenna structures is discussed. As a design case, we consider a multi-parameter planar Yagi-Uda antenna structure, featuring a driven element, three directors, and a feeding structure. Direct optimization of the high-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) antenna model is prohibitive in computational terms. Instead, our design methodology exploits response surface...
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Structure and properties of liquid Al–Cu alloys: Empirical potentials compared
PublicationWe report on the structure and mass transport properties of liquid Al–Cu alloys predicted by two recently-developed empirical many-body potentials: MEAM (Jelinek et al., 2012) and EAM-ADP (Apostol and Mishin, 2011), and by the well-known Gupta potential. Total and partial pair correlation functions, angular distribution functions, densities, coordination numbers and self-diffusion coefficients are compared with published experimental...
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Wstępna ocena wielkości stężeń związków azotu i fosforu odprowadzanych z wodami powierzchniowymi do Zatoki Puckiej z terenu gminy Puck
PublicationThe ferilizers used in agriculture negatively affect the surface and groundwater quality. The Bay of Puck is a semi-closed part of the Gulf of Gdańsk, which is particularly vulnerable to eutrophication caused by the inflow of nutrient substances. The Bay is surrounded by the lands intensively used in agriculture. Also a number of touristic resorts is located on its coast. The streams and rivers carry the load of nitrogen and phosphorus...
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Practical Approach to Large-Scale Electronic Structure Calculations in Electrolyte Solutions via Continuum-Embedded Linear-Scaling Density Functional Theory
PublicationWe present the implementation of a hybrid continuum-atomistic model for including the effects of a surrounding electrolyte in large-scale density functional theory (DFT) calculations within the Order-N Electronic Total Energy Package (ONETEP) linear-scaling DFT code, which allows the simulation of large complex systems such as electrochemical interfaces. The model represents the electrolyte ions as a scalar field and the solvent...
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Numerical simulation of natural convection of Glycol-Al2O3 nanofluids from a horizontal cylinder
PublicationThis paper deals with natural convection around a circular cylinder with constant heat flux in a cavity using computational fluid dynamics. As fluids ethylene glycol and a mixture of ethylene glycol with Al2O3 nanoparticles (mass concentrations of nanoparticles: 0.1% and 1%) are chosen. Rayleigh number ranges from 3104 to 3105. The nanofluids are modeled with single-phase approach. For the investigated range of nanoparticle concentration, the...
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Scanning networks with cactus topology
PublicationThe family of Pursuit and Evasion problems is widelystudied because of its numerous practical applications,ranging from communication protocols to cybernetic andphysical security. Calculating the search number of a graphis one of most commonly analyzed members of this problemfamily. The search number is the smallest number of mobileagents required to capture an invisible and arbitrarily fastfugitive, for instance piece of malicious...
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Implementation of magnitude calculation of complex numbers using improved alpha max plus beta min algorithm
PublicationThe paper presents the hardware implementation of the improved alpha max plus beta min algorithm for calculating the magnitude of complex numbers. This version of the algorithm requires the general division which is performed using a noniterative multiplicative division algorithm. We analyze in detail the division algorithm, its error and the impact of finite word-length signal representations on the assumed total computation error....
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Analiza i ocena poprawności działania węzła tarcia w aspekcie II zasady termodynamiki
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono autorską metodę sprawdzania poprawności działania węzła tarcia traktowanego jako układ tribologiczny w aspekcie II zasady termo-dynamiki na podstawie analizy i oceny wyników badań laboratoryjnych wykonanych na stanowisku badawczym. Jako stanowisko wykorzystany został zmodyfikowany węzeł tarcia aparatu czterokulowego T-02. Zaprezentowano algorytm, według którego zostały wykonane badania empiryczne. Wykazano,...
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Effect of Pin Shape on Thermal History of Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welded Joint: Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling and Validation
PublicationThis article studied the effects of pin angle on heat generation and temperature distribution during friction stir welding (FSW) of AA1100 aluminum alloy and St-14 low carbon steel. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was implemented to simulate the FSW process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed in order to investigate internal materials’ flow. Simulation results revealed that the mechanical work...
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Hysteresis curves for some periodic and aperiodic perturbations in magnetosonic flow
PublicationA thermodynamic relation between perturbations of pressure and mass density in the magnetohydrodynamic flow is theoretically studied. Planar magnetohydrodynamic perturbations with the wave vector, which forms a constant angle with the equilibrium magnetic field, are under study. The theory considers thermal conduction of a plasma and the deviation from adiabaticity of a flow due to some kind of heating–cooling function. It also...
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Determination of selected chemical parameters in surface water samples collected from the Revelva catchment (Hornsund fjord, Svalbard)
PublicationSurface water samples (river and lake) were collected from the Revelva catchment every summer from 2010 to 2013. This study concerns importance of the use of some analytical techniques for pollutants and parameters deter- mination in Arctic environmental samples based on the example of total organic carbon, phenols, and formaldehyde determination and measurement of pH and electrical conductivity parameters. Significant...
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Experimental Investigation of Free Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinder to Nanofluids
PublicationThe results of free convection heat transfer investigation from a horizontal, uniformly heated tube immersed in a nanofluid are presented. Experiments were performed with five base fluids, i.e., ethylene glycol (EG), distilled water (W) and the mixtures of EG and water with the ratios of 60/40, 50/50, 40/60 by volume, so the Rayleigh (Ra) number range was 3 104 Ra 1.3 106 and the Prandtl (Pr) number varied from 4.4 to 176....
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Ionization and fragmentation of furan molecules by electron collisions
PublicationCation mass spectra obtained by electron impact were measured to investigate the ionization and ionic fragmentation of furan, C4H4O, molecules in the gas phase. The most abundant cations, with comparable intensities in the mass spectra, were the parent, C4H4O+, cation (68 amu) and the C3H3+ fragment (39 amu). The appearance energies of most of the observed ionic fragments were determined and the possible fragmentation processes...
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A construction for the hat problem on a directed graph
PublicationA team of n players plays the following game. After a strategy session, each player is randomly fitted with a blue or red hat. Then, without further communication, everybody can try to guess simultaneously his own hat color by looking at the hat colors of the other players. Visibility is defined by a directed graph; that is, vertices correspond to players, and a player can see each player to whom he is connected by an arc. The...
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Detection of Bioactive Compounds in Organically and Conventionally Grown Asparagus Spears
PublicationIn the recent reports, there are contradictory conclusions about the nutritional and health properties of organic and conventionally growing vegetables. We hypothesized that organic cultivation system results in higher quality of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) because of organic manure and effective organisms. Therefore, new analytical methods were applied in order to find the differences in bioactive compounds between the...