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Search results for: BISTATIC RADAR , CHIRP-RATE ESTIMATION , EGCT , PASSIVE RADAR , RADAR COUNTERMEASURES , RADAR MEASUREMENTS
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Ammonia amendment promotes high rate lactate production and recovery from semi-continuous food waste fermentation
PublicationIn this study, a reliable approach using ammonia nitrogen was proposed to increase lactate production during semi-continuous food waste (FW) fermentation under mesophilic conditions. Both free ammonia nitrogen (FAN) and ammonium ion (NH4+-N) were present in mesophilic reactors, with a wide FAN/NH4+-N ratio variation due to the intermittent pH control. The investigation of responsible mechanisms revealed that the increased production...
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The process of identification of the track's geometrical layout and the alignment project based on the of satellite measurements
PublicationIn the paper a methodology of restoring of railway track’s geometrical shape in a horizontal plane on the base of conducted mobile satellite surveying was presented. The authors proposed a calculating algorithm for designing the track sections placed in horizontal arcs. In the algorithm an analytical methodology with mathematical formulas is applied. The procedure has an universal character, i.e. provides the possibility of varying...
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INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSION MEASUREMENTS USING FAR AND GTEM TEST SITES UP TO 1 GHz
PublicationElectromagnetic emission limiting is one of the basic requirements in the European Directive 2014/30/EU (EMC Directive). Manufacturers often use alternative methods of measurements to make preliminary verification of emission. This paper presents and analyzes problem with comparison between measurements in different test sites: FAR (Fully Anechoic Room) and GTEM (Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic cell). FAR is assumed as the...
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Determination of changes in viscosity of chitosan solutions depending on shear rate.
Open Research DataThe rheological characteristics of chitosan solutions were based on viscosity measurements using a Brookfield viscometer, using LV SC4 - 25 spindles and shear rates from 4 to 53 s-1 (Fig. 1). Chitosan solutions with different molecular weights (low, medium and high) were prepared in concentrations from 1.5 to 3.0% in 0.5M acetic acid. The data allowed...
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Estimation of smokers' exposure to mercury from combustible tobacco products, based on the approach used in food consumers’ exposure estimation
PublicationSmoking has been known to mankind for centuries, but it is only in recent decades that much attention has been paid to the harmfulness of this habit. Mercury inhalation is particularly dangerous in this respect and smoking creates extremely favorable conditions for the emission and targeted delivery of this element into the lungs. Despite this fact, a lack of a clear method for estimating the exposure of tobacco consumers to mercury...
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Radioisotope measurements of the liquid-gas flow in the horizontal pipeline using phase method
PublicationThe paper presents application of the gamma-absorption method to a two-phase liquid-gas flow investigation in a horizontal pipeline. The water-air mixture was examined by a set of two Am-241 radioactive sources and two NaI(Tl) scintillation probes. For analysis of the electrical signals obtained from detectors the cross-spectral density function (CSDF) was applied. Results of the gas phase average velocity measurements for CSDF...
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Novel Interpolation Method of Multi-DFT-Bins for Frequency Estimation of Signal with Parameter Step Change
PublicationThe IpDFT(Interpolation Discrete Fourier Trans-form) method is one of the most commonly used non-parametric methods. However, when a parameter (frequency, amplitude or phase) step changes in the DFT period, the DFT coefficients will be distorted seriously, resulting in the large estimation error of the IpDFT method. Hence, it is a key challenge to find an IpDFT method, which not only can eliminate the effect of the step-changed...
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Estimation and Prediction of Vertical Deformations of Random Surfaces, Applying the Total Least Squares Collocation Method
PublicationThis paper proposes a method for determining the vertical deformations treated as random fields. It is assumed that the monitored surfaces are subject not only to deterministic deformations, but also to random fluctuations. Furthermore, the existence of random noise coming from surface’s vibrations is also assumed. Such noise disturbs the deformation’s functional models. Surface monitoring with the use of the geodetic levelling...
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Ionic liquids for the passive sampling of sulfonamides from water—applicability and selectivity study
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Salinity and pH as factors affecting the passive sampling and extraction of pharmaceuticals from water
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The effects of short-term passive smoke exposure on endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation
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Impedance investigation of passive 304 stainless steel in the pit pre-initiation state
PublicationZaprezentowano wyniki badań impedancyjnych stali stopowej 304L metodą klasycznej EIS i dynamicznej EIS. Badania związane były z przejściem stali stopowej ze stanu pasywnego do inicjacji powstawania wżerów. Na podstawie zmian parametrów elektrycznego schematu zastępczego stwierdzono, że najbardziej prawdopodobnym mechanizmem tworzenia się wżerów jest model zniszczenia (pęknięcia) warstwy pasywnej.
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Calibration of permeation passive samplers with silicone membranes based on physicochemical properties of the analytes.
PublicationW pracy opisano sposób kalibracji pasywnych dozymetrów permeacyjnych, wykorzystywanych w badaniach powietrza w oparciu o własności fizyko-chemiczne analitów. Stwierdzono silną zależność pomiędzy stałą kalibracyjną (K) dozymetrów i liczbą atomów węgla w cząsteczce analitu (w obrębie danej grupy związków chemicznych) dla alkoholi, alifatycznych i aromatycznych węglowodorów oraz estrów. Taka zależność występuje również pomiędzy...
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Bearing current path and pulse rate in PWM-inverter-fed induction
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Modifying CVD synthesised carbon nanotubes via the carbon feed rate
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Application of economic distance for the purposes of a spatial analysis of the unemployment rate for Poland
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EFFECT OF MILK FAT COOLING RATE ON CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS THEREIN
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Obstructive sleep apnea and heart rate asymmetry microstructure during sleep
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The effect of the temperature change rate on determination of the criticalpitting temperature of stainless steels
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu szybkości zmian temperatury na wyznaczaną krytyczną temperaturę korozji wżerowej. Badania stali 316L przeprowadzono metodą termometrii cyklicznej. Stwierdzono, że zwiększenie szybkości zmian temperatury związane jest ze zwiększeniem wyznaczonej temperatury krytycznej. Zależność krytycznej temperatury korozji wżerowej od szybkości korozji ma charakter liniowy. Wartości krytycznej temperatury korozji...
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Harmonic Synthesis: A Novel Electrochemical Method for Corrosion Rate Moni-toring
PublicationPraca przedstawia metodę wyznaczania chwilowej szybkości korozji metali opa-rtą na pomiarach prądów harmonicznych elektrody pobudzanej sinusoidalnym sy-gnałem napięciowym o niskiej częstotliwości i amplitudzie rzędu 10-30 mV,zapewniającej nieniszczący charakter badań. Opisano podstawy teoretyczne tejmetody nazwanej syntezą harmoniczną (SH). Jest ona oparta na dyskretnej syn-tezie quasi-stacjonarnej krzywej polaryzacji z prądów...
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The impact of road network structure and mobility on the national traffic fatality rate
PublicationW pracy określono wpływ wybranych miar struktury sieci drogowej i mobilności mieszkańców na wskaźnik śmiertelności w wypadkach drogowych na bazie dostępnych danych z wielu krajów świata. Opracowano wieloczynnikowe modele nieliniowe pozwalające na określenie wpływu wielu istotnych czynników: ekonomicznych, systemowych, motoryzacyjnych i infrastrukturalnych na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego mierzonego wskaźnikiem śmiertelności RFR.
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The Impact of Road Network Structure and Mobility on the National Traffic Fatality Rate
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Measurements of radiation emission of a portable power bank with a capacity of 5200 mAh
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the emission measurement results that are part of comprehensive tests carried out for portable power banks with different capacities. The measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz using a Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The test setup was configured to measure a portable power bank...
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Measurements of radiation emission of a portable power bank with a capacity of 2600 mAh
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the emission measurement results that are part of comprehensive tests carried out for portable power banks with different capacities. The measurements were performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz using a Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic (GTEM) cell. The test setup was configured to measure a portable power bank...
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Automatic Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements Using Complex Morlet Wavelets
PublicationReal-world performance of antennas is normally tested in anechoic chambers (ACs). Alternatively, experimental validation can be performed in non-anechoic environments and refined in the course of post-processing. Unfortunately, the existing methods are difficult to setup and prone to failure. In this letter, a wavelet-based framework for correction of non-anechoic antenna measurements has been proposed. The method involves automatic...
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Determination of changes in viscosity of hydrogel depending on shear rate (6.6 to 330 s-1).
Open Research DataThe rheological characteristics of hydrogel were made on the basis of a viscosity measurement using a Brookfield viscometer, using LV SC4 - 18 spindle and shear rates from 6.6 to 330 s-1.
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Estimation of nonstructural stiffness in instrumented steel frames
PublicationLateral stiffness of nonstructural components may significantly influence the initial stiffness of the entire structure and consequently alter its dynamic characteristics. While methods for simulating structural members are well-established, approaches for modeling nonstructural components that also participate in seismic response are notably less developed. In this paper a simplified, physically-intuitive approach for estimating...
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Instantaneous complex frequency for pipeline pitch estimation
PublicationIn the paper a pipeline algorithm for estimating the pitch of speech signal is proposed. The algorithm uses instantaneous complex frequencies estimated for four waveforms obtained by filtering the original speech signal through four bandpass complex Hilbert filters. The imaginary parts of ICFs from each channel give four candidates for pitch estimates. The decision regarding the final estimate is made based on the real parts of...
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Box-spline histograms for multivariate density estimation
PublicationW pracy podano ujednoliconą konstrukcję estymatora pochodnych gęstości oraz stałych asymptotycznych dla tej gęstości. Posłużono się histogramami box-splinowymi. Skorzystano z twierdzeń asymptotycznych dla operatorów związanych z tymi estymatorami.
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CPTU test - a tool for consolidation degree estimation.
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metody oceny stopnia konsolidacji podłoża gruntowego z wykorzystaniem nowoczesnych technik sondowania statycznego metodą CPTU.
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Nonquadratic quality indices in estimation, approximation and control
PublicationZaproponowano wykorzystanie niekwadratowych miar jakości w zagadnieniach estymacji parametrów modeli, aproksymacji funkcji okresowych oraz syntezy układów sterowania. Rozważono funkcje celu w postaci ważonych sum lub całek wartości bezwzględnej błędu predykcji. Ponieważ tego typu wskaźniki jakości są w swoich ekstremach nieróżniczkowalne, zadanie minimalizacji funkcji celu rozwiązano stosując iteracyjny algorytm kolejnych przybliżeń....
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Size and effort estimation for application written in Java.
PublicationArtykuł opisuje metodę szacowania rozmiaru i nakładu dla aplikacji wytworzonych w technologii Java. W publikacji przedstawiono cechy charakterystyczne kodu źródłowego w Javie oraz zaproponowano model szacujący rozmiar na podstawie danych volumetrycznych modelu obiektowego.
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Doppler estimation method for moving target location
PublicationArtykuł opisuje nowy algorytm lokalizacji obiektów ruchomych bazujących na analizie odchyłek dopplerowskich sygnałów odebranych z sieci hydrofonów rozmieszczonych równomiernie w obserwowanym akwenie. Źródłem analizowanych sygnałów są fale ciągłe o niskim natężeniu odbite od obiektu ruchomego. W artykule została przedstawiona postać algorytmu oraz wyniki symulacji komputerowych.
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Travel Time of Public Transport Vehicles Estimation
PublicationEffective prediction of speed is central to advanced traveler information and transportation management systems. The speed of public transport vehicles is affected by many external factors including traffic volume, organization and infrastructure. The literature presents methods for estimating travel time on sections of a transport network and vehicle arrival at stops, often making use of the AVL (automatic vehicle location). The...
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Security level estimation as a function of residual risks
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia sposób oceny poziomu bezpieczeństwa organizacji IT w oparciu o metodę oceny ryzyka. Opisane są podstawowe kroki wspomnianej metody, proponowane rozwiązania i zastosowania. Zaproponowano prosty sposób oceny bezpieczeństwa systemów informatycznych organizacji w oparciu o wielkość wyznaczoną na podstawie wyliczonego ryzyka rezydualnego tychże systemów.
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Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography for Thin Layer and Foil Measurements
PublicationThe main goal of this research was to assess if it is possible to evaluate the thickness of thin layers (both thin films on the surface and thin layers below the surface of the tested object) and foils using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for thickness assessment under the resolution of the standard commercially available OCT measurement system. In the proposed solution, light backscattered from the evaluated thin layer has...
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Measurements and Visualization of Sound Intensity Around the Human Head in Free Field Using Acoustic Vector Sensor
PublicationThis paper presents measurements and visualization of sound intensity around the human head simulator in a free field. A Cartesian robot, applied for precise positioning of the acoustic vector sensor, was used to measure sound intensity. Measurements were performed in a free field using a head and torso simulator and the setup consisting of four different loudspeaker configurations. The acoustic vector sensor was positioned around...
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Experimentally feasible semi-device-independent certification of four-outcome positive-operator-valued measurements
PublicationRecently the quantum information science community devoted a lot of attention to the theoretical and practical aspects of generalized measurements, the formalism of all possible quantum operations leading to acquisition of classical information. On the other hand, due to imperfections present in quantum devices, and limited thrust to them, a trend of formulating quantum information tasks in a semi-device-independent manner emerged....
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Automatic Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements using Low-Pass Filters
PublicationPrototype measurements belong to key steps in the development of antenna structures. They are normally performed in expensive facilities, such as anechoic chambers (ACs). Alternatively, antenna performance can be extracted (at a low cost) in non-anechoic conditions upon appropriate post-processing. Unfortunately, existing correction algorithms are difficult to set up and prone to failure, which limits their practical usefulness....
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Geospatial Coverage and Signal Quality Measurements of Terrestrial DAB+ Network in Northern Poland
PublicationModern signal coverage maps are prepared based on industry-standard radio propagation models, which take into account a number of parameters, including: type of antenna, distance from the transmitter, type of terrain, etc. However, such simulations are prone to location-specific inaccuracies, and should be verified with in-situ measurements. This paper presents results of a field test of a terrestrial DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting...
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Filter-Hilbert Method for Automatic Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements with Embedded Self-Calibration Mechanism
PublicationOne of the most important steps in the process of antenna development involves measurements of its prototype. Far-field performance of radiators is normally characterized in strictly controlled environments such as anechoic chambers which can ensure certification-grade accuracy. Unfortunately, they are also characterized by high construction costs which might not be justified for low-budget research and/or teaching-related activities....
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LTE and NB-IoT Performance Estimation Based on Indicators Measured by the Radio Module
PublicationMonitoring the operating parameters of power grids is extremely important for their proper functioning as well as for ensuring the security of the entire infrastructure. As the idea of the Internet of Things becomes more ubiquitous, there are tools for monitoring the state of the complex electrical grid and means to control it. There are also developed new measuring devices and transmission technologies allowing for the transfer...
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The influence of feed rate and shear forces on the devulcanization process of ground tire rubber (GTR) conducted in a co-rotating twin screw extruder
PublicationThe search for new ways to recycling of rubber waste has been the aim of many studies conducted by research centers and companiesworldwide. The results of our investigations on the process of continuous thermomechanical devulcanization of ground tire rubber using a twin screw extruder are presented.We used a co-rotating twin screw extruder with a special configuration of plasticizing unit, enabling generation of considerable shear...
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Comparing N3-60 cascade exit angles obtained from tunnel measurements and numerical calculations
PublicationThe article compares the results of measurements performed in the aerodynamic tunnel at CUT and numerical simulation carried out for a plane cascade of N3-60 profiles. Comparing the measured and calculated results provides opportunities for assessing the range of systematic differences between simulation predictions and actual experimental results.
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublicationIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely...
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Assessment of tensile forces in Sopot Forest Opera membrane by in situ measurements and iterative numerical strategy for inverse problem
PublicationAssessment of tensile forces in newly build Sopot Forest Opera roofing membrane is presented. The procedure is based on in situ measurements and solution of the inverse problem by an iterative procedure. The goal of the analysis is to determine whether the stress state of the membrane is consistent with the design assumptions. The paper contains the description of measurements, used instruments, applied loadings, numerical investiga-tions...
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Rapid on-line method of wastewater parameters estimation by electronic nose for control and operating wastewater treatment plants toward Green Deal implementation
PublicationIn order to comply with legal regulations related to wastewater quality, the operational mode of facilities at wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) should be properly adjusted according to parameters of influents, however it is very difficult without frequently performed measurements. Currently there are known many techniques and devices for assesment of wastewater parameters such as chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand,...
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Identification of damages in the inlet air duct of a diesel engine based on exhaust gas temperature measurements
PublicationThe temperature of the exhaust gas of a diesel piston engine, measured in the characteristic control sections of its thermo-flow system, can be a valuable source of diagnostic information about the technical condition of the elements limiting the working spaces thus separated, including the turbocharging system, but also its fuel supply system and replacement of the medium. In standard marine engine measurement systems equipped...
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Intercomparison of TEC obtained from the IRI model to the one derived from GPS measurements
PublicationIRI (International Reference Ionosphere) is a well-known standard of the ionosphere, but nowadays GPS permanent observations are also the base of the regional and global ionosphere models. In this paper, comparison of TEC (Total Electron Content) derived from the IRI model to the global TEC parameters derived from GPS measurements is presented. Global TEC maps show, that GPS derived ionosphere models, in opposition to the IRI,...
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Hierarchical Estimation of Human Upper Body Based on 2D Observation Utilizing Evolutionary Programming and 'Genetic Memory'
PublicationNew method of the human body pose estimation based on single camera 2D observation is presented. It employs 3D model of the human body, and genetic algorithm combined with annealed particle filter for searching the global optimum of model state, best matching the object's 2D observation. Additionally, motion cost metric is employed, considering current pose and history of the body movement, favouring the estimates with the lowest...