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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: AZEOTROPIC MIXTURES
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Elastoplastic nonlinear FEM analysis of FGM shells of Cosserat type
PublikacjaThe paper is a continuation of [1] where the formulation of the elastic constitutive law for functionally graded materials (FGM) on the grounds of nonlinear 6-parameter shell theory with the 6th parameter (the drilling degree of freedom) was presented. Here the formulation is extended to the elasto-plastic range. The material law is based on Cosserat plasticity and employs the well-known Tamura-Tomota-Ozawa (TTO) [2] mixture...
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Cutting power estimation of the bandsawing process of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) dried in three operating modes
PublikacjaIn this paper the predicted values of cutting power for bandsawing machine (ST100R, f. Stenner), which is located at the sawmill company Complex in Dziemiany, were presented. The values of cutting power were forecasted for beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.), from the northern part of Pomerania region in Poland, which was dried in three operating modes: BKP - air drying at 25oC, BKS - air-steam mixture drying at 80oC, BKW - steam drying...
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Graphene hydrogels with embedded metal nanopatricles as efficient catalysts in 4-nitrophenol reduction and methylene blue decolorization
PublikacjaSynthesis and characterization of the graphene hydrogels with three different metallic nanoparticles, that is Au, Ag and Cu, respectively is presented. Synthesized in a one-pot approach graphene hydrogels with embedded metallic nanoparticles were tested as heterogeneous catalysts in a model reaction of 4-nitrophenol reduction. The highest activity was obtained for graphene hydrogel with Cu NPs and additional reaction of methylene...
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Experimental and Theoretical Insights into the Intermolecular Interactions in Saturated Systems of Dapsone in Conventional and Deep Eutectic Solvents
PublikacjaSolubility is not only a crucial physicochemical property for laboratory practice but also provides valuable insight into the mechanism of saturated system organization, as a measure of the interplay between various intermolecular interactions. The importance of these data cannot be overstated, particularly when dealing with active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), such as dapsone. It is a commonly used anti-inflammatory and...
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The dispersive micro-solid phase extraction method for MS-based lipidomics of human breast milk*
PublikacjaA simple and rapid microextraction method ensuring high lipidome coverage was developed for liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based lipidomics of human breast milk. The dispersive microsolid phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) technique, coupled with the design of experiment (DoE) method, enabled the study of the influence of several conditions (desorption solvent, stationary phase ratio, and sorption and desorption time)...
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Alternative methods for dark fermentation course analysis
PublikacjaDark fermentation course analysis is crucial, as complexed matrix of gaseous components may be formed and revealed during the process. The paper considers key issues related to the microbiological process in which complex organic substances are transformed into hydrogen. For the purposes of hydrogen generation, the application of wastewater mixed sludge pre-treated according to Faloye method (Faloye et al. in Int J Hydrog Energy...
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Effect of high loading of titanium dioxide particles on the morphology and selected properties of natural rubber-based composites
PublikacjaThe aim of this work was to prepare and characterize the natural rubber vulcanizates contained different amounts of titanium dioxide particles. At first rubber mixture was prepared using a laboratory two-roll mill and then samples were vulcanized in a hydraulic press. The formulation of rubber mixture and rubber-processing technique is based on our earlier investigations. Materials were obtained at the different titanium dioxide...
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Assessment of toxic and endocrine potential of substances migrating from selected toys and baby products
PublikacjaAnalysis of literature data shows that there is limited information about the harmful biological effects of mixture of compounds from the EDC group that are released from the surface of toys and objects intended for children and infants. One of the tools that can be used to obtain such information is appropriate bioanalytical tests. The aim of this research involved determining whether tests that use living organisms as an active...
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Novel approach to ecotoxicological risk assessment of sediments cores around the shipwreck by the use of self-organizing maps
PublikacjaMarine and coastal pollution plays an increasingly important role due to recent severe accidents which drew attention to the consequences of oil spills causing widespread devastation of marine ecosystems. All these problems cannot be solved without conducting environmental studies in the area of possible oil spill and performing chemometric evaluation of the data obtained looking for similar patterns among pollutants and optimize...
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IDENTIFICATION OF ODOR OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING CLASSICAL SENSORY ANALYSIS AND ELECTRONIC NOSE TECHNIQUE
PublikacjaThe paper compares two methods of analysis of odour of volatile organic compounds: classical sensory analysis and electronic nose technique. Eight volunteers participated in the classical sensory analysis investigations, which lasted two weeks. An instrumental odour analysis involved a prototype of 6-sensor electronic nose designed by the authors. The research performed with this device provided higher reproducibility and reliability...
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Phase separation in poly(butylene terephthalate)-based materials prepared by solid-state modification
PublikacjaThe morphology of a series of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/fatty acid dimer diol (FADD)-based copolyesters prepared by solid-state modi fi cation (SSM) was studied. It was shown that in copolyesters containing less than 10 wt% FADD two different phases, i.e. a PBT crystalline phase and a PBT-rich amorphous phase, are present. The FADD residues were more or less homogeneously distributed throughout the interlamellar regions....
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Absorption spectroscopy setup for determination of whole human blood and blood–derived materials spectral characteristics
PublikacjaA dedicated absorption spectroscopy system was set up using tungsten-halogen broadband source, optical fibers, sample holder, and a commercial spectrometer with CCD array. Analysis of noise present in the setup was carried out. Data processing was applied to the absorption spectra to reduce spectral noise, and improve the quality of the spectra and to remove the baseline level. The absorption spectra were measured for whole blood...
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Perspectives on the replacement of harmful organic solvents in analytical methodologies: a framework toward the implementation of a generation of eco-friendly alternatives
PublikacjaVolatile organic solvents derived from non-renewable fossil feedstocks are commonplace in analytical laboratories. In spite of their convenient performance in countless unit operations, their environmental, health and safety issues represent a major area of concern. The progressive replacement of organic solvents obtained from fossil resources by eco-friendly alternatives would involve remarkable advances within the framework of...
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Asfalteny jako fazy stacjonarne w chromatografii cieczowej w normalnych układach faz
PublikacjaRozprawa doktorska dotyczy zbadania możliwości wykorzystania asfaltenów wydzielonych z: próżniowej pozostałości ropy naftowej, produktów jej utleniania i naturalnego asfaltu jako fazy stacjonarnej na powierzchni sorpcyjnej żelu krzemionkowego do rozdzielania nisko polarnych organicznych związków chemicznych w warunkach chromatografii cieczowej w normalnych układach faz, w odniesieniu do żelu krzemionkowego jako nośnika. Opracowano...
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Diver Observations by Means of Acoustic Methods
PublikacjaSearching for objects, especially small ones, moving under water near its the free surface, is always not an easy task. Designing tools for the detection of such targets is a real challenge when the possibility of a terrorist attack is a real threat. This paper presents some aspects of diver detection by means of acoustics methods, both active (side scan sonar) and passive ones (linear receiving antenna). This approach is quite...
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Pressure in charge. Neglected parameter in hydrothermal synthesis turns out to be crucial for electrochemical properties of ammonium vanadates
PublikacjaAmmonium vanadates are of great interest as they exhibit unusual electrical and sensory properties.(NH4)2V6O16and (NH4)2V10O25$8H2O with various morphology were obtained in the hydrothermalsynthesis under controlled temperature and pressure. It was shown, that the pure (NH4)2V10O25$8H2Owas obtained under 50 bar of initial pressure, whereas lower pressure lead to the mixture of twocompounds. The influence of the pressure was studied...
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Possibilities of radioisotope measuring in control of an unstable solid particles hydrotransport
PublikacjaThe paper presents γ-radiation proposal to control a multiphase flow, independently from circumstances. So this method may be applied even in compound industrial or environmental processes. Moreover in many cases, it is the only method for applications for dense mixture containing coarse angular grains. The constructed equipment allows continuous measurement of density as well as solid phase for both concentration and average velocity....
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Experimental investigation of forced convection of water/EGAl2O3 nanofluids inside horizontal tube
PublikacjaIn this paper, forced convection of water/EG-Al2O3 nanofluids inside horizontal stainless steel tube is studied experimentally. As base fluid served water/EG mixture of two ratios (60:50 and 50:50). Nanoparticle mass concentrations was 0.1% or and 1%. Transition and turbulent flow regimes were tested. Average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop values were determined for nanofluids and compared to base fluids. Deterioration...
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Thermodynamic modeling of combustion process of the internal combustion engines – an overview
PublikacjaThe mathematical description of combustion process in the internal combustion engines is a very difficult task, due to the variety of phenomena that occurring in the engine from the moment when the fuel-air mixture ignites up to the moment when intake and exhaust valves beginning open. Modeling of the combustion process plays an important role in the engine simulation, which allows to predict incylinder pressure during the combustion,...
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Radioisotope measurements of the liquid-gas flow in the horizontal pipeline using phase method
PublikacjaThe paper presents application of the gamma-absorption method to a two-phase liquid-gas flow investigation in a horizontal pipeline. The water-air mixture was examined by a set of two Am-241 radioactive sources and two NaI(Tl) scintillation probes. For analysis of the electrical signals obtained from detectors the cross-spectral density function (CSDF) was applied. Results of the gas phase average velocity measurements for CSDF...
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Automatic music genre classification based on musical instrument track separation / Automatyczna klasyfikacja gatunku muzycznego wykorzystująca algorytm separacji dźwięku instrumentó muzycznych
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to investigate whether separating music tracks at the pre-processing phase and extending feature vector by parameters related to the specific musical instruments that are characteristic for the given musical genre allow for efficient automatic musical genre classification in case of database containing thousands of music excerpts and a dozen of genres. Results of extensive experiments show that the approach...
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General route for the synthesis of terminal phosphanylphosphido complexes of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV): Structural investigations of the first zirconium complex with a phosphanylphosphido ligand
PublikacjaReactions of R2P-P(SiMe3)Li with [Cp2MCl2] (M = Zr, Hf) in hydrocarbons yield the related terminal phosphanylphosphidocomplexes [Cp2M(Cl){(Me3Si)P-PR2-jP1}] (R = iPr and tBu). The solid state structures of [Cp2M(Cl){P(SiMe3)-PiPr2-jP1}] (M = Zr, Hf) were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The phosphido-P atoms adopt almost planar geometries and the phosphanyl P atoms adopt pyramidal geometries. The reaction...
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Wpływ azotowania jarzeniowego i laserowego nadtapiania na odporność kawitacyjną stali X5CrNi18-10
PublikacjaNierdzewne stale austenityczne charakteryzują się doskonałą odpornością korozyjną, aczkolwiek niskimi właściwościami mechanicznymi. W wielu przypadkach ogranicza to ich eksploatację w warunkach przemysłowych. Ponadto, nierdzewne stale austenityczne są wrażliwe na korozję lokalną w obecności jonów halogenkowych. Technologie materiałowe, które dają potencjalne możliwości otrzymywania korzystnego wpływu na właściwości mechaniczne...
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The bile salt/phospholipid ratio determines the extent of in vitro intestinal lipolysis of triglycerides: Interfacial and emulsion studies
PublikacjaThis study focused on the protein-stabilised triglyceride (TG)/water interfaces and oil-in-water emulsions, and explored the influence of varying molar ratios of bile salts (BSs) and phospholipids (PLs) on the intestinal lipolysis of TGs. The presence of these two major groups of biosurfactants delivered with human bile to the physiological environment of intestinal digestion was replicated in our experiments by using mixtures...
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The porosity and morphology of PU foams prepared by solvent casting/salt leaching method with different solvents
PublikacjaIn this study, the polyurethane (PU) system based on poly(ethylene-butylene) adipate diol, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-butanediol and ascorbic acid is used to prepare a foamed material. Polymer foams were created using solvent casting/salt-particle leaching (SC/PL) method. The influence of the PU concentration in different solutions [either in a DMF or in DMF with THF as a co-solvent] on the morphology and porosity of the...
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Structure elucidation of carbamoylo-β-lactam diastereoisomers by ROESY and NOESY experiments
PublikacjaRecently we have focused in the problem of preparation of carbamoylo-β-lactams as a result of oxidative cyclization of malonyl enamides. In our experiments we obtain mixture of two main β-lactam products: as a result of subsequent elimination and a second as a product of substitution. All of the produced β-lactams have trans configuration what was confirmed by 1H coupling constants. However id should be stressed that in the case...
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Green thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane)s – synthesis, chemical structure and selected properties investigation
PublikacjaThis work aimed to characterize the effect of the monomers chemical structure on the selected properties of the green thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane)s. During synthesis two types of polyether biopolyols, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and bio-based 1,3-propanediol were employed. Materials were synthesized with the use of two step method and two different prepolymers, which were mixed together in equimolar quantities. Obtained...
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Flexomagneticity in Functionally Graded Nanostructures
PublikacjaFunctionally graded structures have shown the perspective of materials in a higher efficient and consistent manner. This study reports a short investigation by concentrating on the flexomagnetic response of a functionally graded piezomagnetic nano-actuator, keeping in mind that the converse magnetic effect is only taken into evaluation. The rule of mixture assuming exponential composition of properties along with the thickness...
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Distortional buckling of composite thin-walled columns of a box-type cross section with diaphragms
PublikacjaDistortional buckling of axially compressed columns of box-like composite cross sections with andwithout internal diaphragms is investigated in the framework of one-dimensional theory. The channel membersare composed of unidirectional fibre-reinforced laminate. Two approaches to the member orthotropic materialare applied: homogenization based on the theory of mixture and periodicity cells, and homogenization basedon the Voigt–Reuss...
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Enhanced energy conversion as a result of fluid-solid interaction in micro- and nanoscale
PublikacjaIt is known that nano- and micromechanics require new approaches to right describing of surface-like phenomena which lead to an enhanced energy conversion. In this work, a general form of surface forces that consist of a contribution from both the friction and mobility components has been extended to collect the effects of bulk and surface motion of a fluid. Quite similar impact can be observed for a solid-fluid mixture, where...
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Zastosowanie testu biologicznego Microtox do oceny skuteczności działania oczyszczalni ścieków bytowo-przemysłowych
PublikacjaOcena efektywności procesu oczyszczania ścieków z zastosowaniem biotestu Microtox® na przykładzie wybranej oczyszczalni Powszechnie praktykowanym sposobem wprowadzania ścieków oczyszczonych do środowiska jest ich punktowy zrzut do wód powierzchniowych. Różnorodność działalności prowadzonej w ramach współczesnej gospodarki sprawia, że do oczyszczalni docierają nie tylko substancje, których oznaczanie jest wymagane przez przepisy...
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The lethal effect of hydrotechnical concrete on freshwater Bivalvia
PublikacjaMost hydrotechnical buildings under construction demand the concrete mixture to be set directly under water. The main reason for such a procedure is to limit the washing away of the the concrete binding mixture and to increase the efficiency of organisation of work so as to ensure continuity in concreting. The impact on the aquatic environment of recent developments in concrete technology and the use of new components has not yet...
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Development of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant
PublikacjaOne promising solution for developing low-emission power technologies is using gaseous fuel combustion in pure oxygen when the exhaust gas mixture is composed of H2O and CO2, and where CO2 is separated after steam condensation. The paper presents the results of computational analyses providing to the Spray-Ejector Condenser (SEC) development, which is one of the crucial components of the negative CO2 gas power plant (nCO2PP) cycle...
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CO2 capture using steam ejector condenser under electro hydrodynamic actuator with non-condensable gas and cyclone separator: A numerical study
PublikacjaThe concept for condensation of steam and CO2 separation in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant involves the utilization of a steam ejector condenser (SEC) for direct-contact condensation of vapor with inert gas (CO2) on a spray of subcooled liquid, integrated with a separator to produce pure CO2. Due to the increasing diffusion resistance and reduced convective heat transfer between the steam and subcooled water phases...
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Analysis of features of stainless steels in dissimilar welded joints in chloride inducted corrosion
PublikacjaStainless steels of femtic-austenitic microstructure that means the duplex Cr-Ni-Mo steels, in comparison with austenitic steel includes less expensive nickel and has much better mechanical properties with good formability and corrosion resistance, even in environments containing chloride ions. Similar share of high chromium ferrite and austenite, which is characterized by high ductility, determines that the duplex steels have...
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Recovery and re-use of photovoltaic solar cells from crystalline silicon
PublikacjaCrystalline silicon-type PV modules consist, in order of mass, of glass, an aluminium frame, an EVA coating, solar cells, a terminal box, back film and tapping screws. From the economic point of view, pure silicon, recoverable from spent cells, is the most important material owing to its cost and shortage. For crystalline, silicon-based PV cells, the following chemical treatments were performed: removal of the metal coating, followed...
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Application of nanofluids in thermal technologies
PublikacjaNanofluids it is a relatively new category of thermal fluids that can serve as coolants, both in single- and two phase systems. However application of nanofluids in industrial applications requires faultless their thermophysical properties. Existing models originally developed for liquid/solid particles mixtures (slurries) fail in case of nanofluids. Moreover correlations used to calcuate heat transfer coefficients of conventional...
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Novel analytical method for detection of orange juice adulteration based on ultra-fast gas chromatography
PublikacjaThe food authenticity assessment is an increasingly important issue in food quality and safety. The application of an electronic nose based on ultra-fast gas chromatography technique enables rapid analysis of the volatile compounds from food samples. Due to the fact that this technique provides chemical profiling of natural products, it can be a powerful tool for authentication in combination with chemometrics. In this article,...
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Raman Spectra Measurements for Chemical Identifications - Aspect of Uncertainty Sources and Reduction of Their Effects
PublikacjaRaman spectrometers enable fast and non-contact identification of examined chemicals. These devices measure Raman spectra and compare with the spectra database to identify unknown and often illicit chemicals (e.g. drugs, explosives) usually without any sample preparation. Raman spectra measurements are a challenge due to noise and interferences present outside the laboratories (field applications). The design of a portable Raman...
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In vivo performance of intraperitoneal onlay mesh after ventral hernia repair
PublikacjaBackground: Ventral hernia repair needs to be improved since recurrence, postoperative pain and other complications are still reported in many patients. The behavior of implants in vivo is not sufficiently understood to design a surgical mesh mechanically compatible with the human abdominal wall. Methods: This analysis was based on radiological pictures of patients who underwent laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. The pictures...
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Automated Parameter Determination for Horizontal Curves for the Purposes of Road Safety Models with the Use of the Global Positioning System
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of research conducted to develop an automated system capable of determining parameters for horizontal curves. The system presented in this article could calculate the actual course of a road by means of a two-stage positioning of recorded points along the road. In the first stage, measurements were taken with a Real-Time Network (RTN) receiver installed in a research vehicle. In the second stage,...
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Nanocrystalline Polymer Impregnated [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)4] Thin Films Prepared by Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation
PublikacjaIn this work, the fabrication of [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)4] (pz = pyrazine) thin films by means of matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) was investigated. As starting material, a cryogenically cooled suspension of anocrystalline [Fe(pz)Pt- (CN)4] (0.35wt.-%) in a mixture of 1,1-dichloroethane and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used. Films of a thickness up to 150–200 nm were deposited on Si substrates by laser ablation at λ = 1064...
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Ion recognition properties of new pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide bearing propeller-like pendant residues: multi-spectroscopic approach
PublikacjaThe synthesis and ion binding properties of new amide derived from propeller-like tris(2-pyridyl)amine and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid chloride were described. Amide binds divalent metal cations: copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), and lead(II) in acetonitrile. In acetonitrile:water mixture (9:1 v/v) amide interacts only with copper(II) and nickel(II) cations forming complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry. It was found that the introduction...
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Influence of hydrogen on a nanocrystalline high-entropy oxide with application potential in hydrogen technologies
PublikacjaThe influence of hydrogen on a (Co0⋅2Cu0⋅2Mg0⋅2Ni0⋅2Zn0.2)O HEO with a rock salt structure was studied. Two forms of this HEO (nanopowder and sinter) were prepared via mechanochemical synthesis (MS) and additional heat treatment, respectively. The chemical stability of the synthesized samples in a pure hydrogen atmosphere was investigated using Sievert’s technique. High-pressure hydrogenation at 250 ◦C had no noticeable effect...
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Tin oxide nanoparticles from laser ablation encapsulated in a carbonaceous matrix – a negative electrode in lithium-ion battery applications
PublikacjaThis report concerns carbonaceous electrodes doped with tin(II) oxide nanoparticles. Tin nanoparticles are obtained by pulsed laser ablation in water. Crystalline nanoparticles have been encapsulated in a carbonaceous matrix formed after pyrolysis of a mixture consisting of tin/tin(IV) oxide nanoparticles and gelatine. The obtained material is characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, selected area diffraction, scanning electron...
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Rolling resistance and tyre/road noise on rubberised asphalt pavement in Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of tyre/road noise and rolling resistance measurements performed on stone mastics asphalt (SMA) that contains rubberised asphalt, developed and produced by a refinery in Poland. Bituminous binder was modified with polymer and addition of crumb rubber. The first observations of asphalt mixture with the new kind of modified bitumen used on the field section are presented. Rolling resistance of passenger...
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Obtaining of Coumarone-Indene Resins Based on Light Fraction of Coal Tar. 4. Bitumen-Polymer Blends with Participation of Coumarone-Indene Resins with Epoxy Groups
PublikacjaUsing light fraction of coal tar (5.75 wt % of coumarone and 44.45 wt % of indene), glycidyl methacrylate and styrene, the coumarone-indene resin with epoxy groups (CIRE) has been synthesized. Monoperoxy derivative of diglycidyl ether Bisphenol A (PO) was used as an initiator. The possible formation of CIRE has been studied on the model systems consisting of PO, glycidyl methacrylate, indene or coumarone, or styrene, or mixture...
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Influence of Phase Composition on Dielectric Properties of Bismuth-Based Ceramics with Scheelite-Type Structure
PublikacjaGoal of the present research was to study dielectric properties of BiNbO4 ceramics fabricated by solid state reaction route followed with pressureless sintering. The samples were fabricated from the mixture of oxides, viz. Nb2O5 and Bi2O3. Apart from stoichiometric amount an excess of 3%, 5% and 10% by mole of Bi2O3 was used. It was found that an excess amount of Bi2O3 oxide caused formation of Bi5Nb3O15 minor phase in amount of...
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Rolling Resistance And Tire/Road Noise on Rubberized Asphalt Pavement In Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of tire/road noise and rolling resistance measurements performed on stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) that contains rubberized asphalt developed and produced by the company in Poland. Bituminous binder was modified with polymer and additive of crumb rubber. First observations of asphalt mixture with the new kind of modified bitumen used on the field section are presented. Rolling resistance of passenger car...
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Mechanism of the Reaction of Amines with 5-[(Aryl- or Alkylamino)hydroxymethylene]-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones in the Presence of Chlorotrimethylsilane (Me3SiCl);
PublikacjaAddition of chlorotrimethylsilane (Me3SiCl) to the mixture of a carbamoyl‐substituted Meldrum's acid, i.e., a 5‐[(arylamino)hydroxymethylene]‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione of type 1 and a secondary amine as nucleophile strongly accelerated the rate of their reaction. The reason for this phenomenon observed, during our previous research, remained, however, unclear. To elucidate the mechanism of this reaction, we assumed and...