Search results for: film alkoholu poliwinylowego
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Preparation and application of lecithin formulation in liquid detergents
PublicationBadano solubilizację odolejonej lecytyny rzepakowej w wodnych roztworach surfaktantów anionowych, kationowych i niejonowych. Najlepszymi solubilizatorami okazały się surfaktanty anionowe (dodecylosiarczan sodu i sól sodowa oksyetylenowanego siarczanowanego alkoholu tłuszczowego). Otrzymano jednorodne preparaty lecytynowe o zawartości lecytyny do 30% i zawartości surfaktantów anionowych do 20%. Preparat lecytyny i Sulforokanolu...
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A conceptual design and numerical analysis of the mixerless urea-SCR system
PublicationIn the present study, an innovative design of the urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system without conventional mixing elements was developed. The aim was to obtain a high degree of urea decomposition, and uniform ammonia distribution at the inlet to the catalyst, while minimising the liquid film deposition and keeping the compact design. The concept of the design was based on creating high turbulences and elongating...
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Hydrogen effects in duplex stainless steel welded joints - electrochemical studies
PublicationIn this work results on the influence of hydrogen on passivity and corrosion resistance of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) welded joints are described. The results were discussed by taking into account three different areas on the welded joint: weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and parent metal. The corrosion resistance was qualified with the polarization curves registered in a synthetic sea water. The conclusion is that,...
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RAMAN DIAGNOSTICS OF CVD DIAMOND GROWTH
PublicationDevelopment of Raman spectroscopic system for diagnostics of growth of diamond and BDD (Boron- Doped-Diamond) thin films during μPA CVD (Microwave Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition) process is described. Raman studies of such films were carried out as in-situ monitoring of film deposition as ex-situ measurements conducted for a sample outside the reaction vessel after manufacturing process. Modular system for the in-situ...
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CGO FILMS ON YSZ ELECTROLYTE FABRICATED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS FOR SOFC
PublicationINTRODUCTION Solid oxide fuel cells are one of the fastest developing energy converters. The advancement introduced by research community provides steady state progress is stability and performance of the fuel cells. Significant influence on the cell’s performance and stability is related to cell design. The simplest design just consists of an anode, a solid electrolyte and a cathode. However, in order to improve the properties,...
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Effect of presence of lifting pocket on the THD performance of a large tilting-pad thrust bearing
PublicationHydrostatic assistance is a commonly used method to improve limited load carrying ability of tiltingpad thrust bearings during transient states of operation of vertical shaft hydro-generators. Despite of special hydraulic equipment (as pumps, valves, etc.), it also requires manufacturing of special recesses/pockets at pad sliding surfaces, into which oil is injected under high pressure. It allows to lift the rotor before start-up...
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The influence of the substrate temperature on the preparation of DNA films for studies under vacuum conditions
PublicationExperiments were carried out to determine the dependence of the physical form of supercoiled DNA films on the initial temperature of the substrate. Such films are often used in irradiation experiments involving low energy particles, like electrons or photons. In order to obtain absolute values for cross sections for such experiments, the spatial distribution of the sample in the film has to be well estimated. These investigations...
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FLUID BED COATING OF MINITABLETS AND PELLETS WITH OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS BASED ON TAGUCHI METHOD
PublicationSmall particles like pellets are coated in fluid bed systems. This method can be also feasible for minitablets but the selection of optimal process parameters is complicated. The aim of the research was to optimize the coating process for minitablets and to compare the conditions required for pellets. Minimum fluidization velocities (umf) for 2.0 and 2.5 mm minitablets and 0.7-0.8 mm or 1.0-1.25 mm pellets were determined experimentally....
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SEM micrographs of VO2 and V6O13 nanostructures
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of VO2 and V6O13 thin films deposited on a silicon substrate. The as-prepared thin films were annealing under a reducing atmosphere (94% Ar, 6% H2) at 600 and 700C for 10h.
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Determination of Liquid Detergent Pods as a Potential Microplastic Source
PublicationWashing pods became a popular way to add detergent to washing machines. Despite the claims about the degradability of the pod film, the sludge in pipes can be observed after the usage of such pods. This study focused on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of washing pod films as a source of microplastic.
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Model of heat transfer in the stagnation point of rapidly evaporating microjet
PublicationThe paper presents investigation in the single water microjet surface cooling producing evaporating film. Reported tests were conducted under steady state conditions. It was proved that the phenomenon is similar to that of pool boiling. Results of experiments were compared with predictions by the model showing a good consistency.
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Laser reflectance interferometry system with a 405 nm laser diode for in-situ measurement of CVD diamond thickness
PublicationIn situ monitoring of the thickness of thin diamond films during technological processes is important because it allows better control of deposition time and deeper understanding of deposition kinetics. One of the widely used techniques is laser reflectance interferometry (LRI) which enables non-contact measurement during CVD deposition. The authors have built a novel LRI system with a 405 nm laser diode which achieves better...
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The use of thin diamond films in fiber optic low-coherence interferometers”
PublicationIn this paper we present the use of thin diamond films in fiber-optic low-coherence interferometers. Two kinds of diamond surfaces were used: undoped diamond film and boron-doped diamond film. They were deposited on glass plates as well as silicon layers. A conventionally used mirror was used as a reference layer. Diamond films were deposited using Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (μPE CVD) system. Measurements...
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FIBRE-OPTIC SENSOR FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF THICKNESSAND REFRACTIVE INDEX OF LIQUID LAYERS
PublicationIn this paper, we present a fibre-optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and thickness of liquid layers. We designed an experimental low-coherence setup with two broadband light sources and an extrinsic fibre-optic Fabry–Pérot interferometer acting as the sensing head. We examined how the refractive index of a liquid film and its thickness affect spectrum at the output of a fibre-optic interferometer. We...
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Enhancement of fiber-optic low-coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with ZnO ALD films
PublicationIn this paper investigation of the enhanced fiber-optic low coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with zinc oxide (ZnO) film deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was presented. Model of the interferometer, which was constructed of single-mode optical fiber with applied ZnO ALD films, was built. The interferometer was also examined by means of experiment. Measurements were performed for both reflective and transmission modes,...
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Properties of Barium Cerate Thin Films Formed Using E-Beam Deposition
PublicationThis article focuses on the properties of the BaCeO3 thin films formed by electron-beam vapor deposition and investigates the formation of barium cerates on supports with different thermal expansion coefficients (Stainless Steel, Invar, Glass Sealing, and Inconel substrates) and the influence of the technological parameters on the properties of the formed thin films with an emphasis on the stability of the films. Morphology and...
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Effect of manufacturing errors of the pad sliding surface on the performance of the hydrodynamic thrust bearing
PublicationIn the present study, investigation of the effect of manufacturing errors on the performance of large tilting pad thrust bearings has been performed, following a CFD-based Thermohydrodynamic analysis of a single pad. A 3D model has been generated, including the pad, the lubricant film and the corresponding part of the collar. The pad has been assumed to be deformed about the pivot point, due to thrust loading. Manufacturing errors...
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Application of single drop extraxtion (SDE) gas chromatography method for the determination of carbonyl compounds in spirits and vodkas
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodę oznaczania związków karbonylowych w spirytusach i wódkach, wykorzystującą do izolacji i wzbogacania technikę mikroekstrakcji do pojedynczej kropli (SDE)po derywatyzacji analitów O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzylo)hydroksylaminą. Określono optymalne parametry izolacji i wzbogacania aldehydów z roztworów alkoholowych (objętość próbki, objętość kropli, zawartość alkoholu, temperaturę i czas ekstrakcji)....
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Współpraca węglowej ciepłowni miejskiej z obiegiem ORC
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono rozważania nad koncepcją modernizacji ciepłowni węglowej w wybranym Miejskim Przedsiębiorstwie Energetyki Cieplnej (MPEC). Koncepcja ta ma na celu współprodukcję energii cieplnej oraz elektrycznej przy wykorzystaniu entalpii fizycznej spalin z kotła WR-10. Tego typu rozwiązanie pozwoliłoby na częściowe pokrycie zapotrzebowania własnego na energię elektryczną, generując oszczędności w przedsiębiorstwie i...
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Temperature of formation of Au nanostructures
Open Research DataNanostructures were obtained via annealing of thin Au films. In order to determine possible nanoislands formation mechanisms, dependence on initial film thickness was examined. For the surface morphology studies, nanograin structure and chemical composition analysis, SEM, HR TEM and EDS measurements were performed, respectively. Morphology studies shown...
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Highly crystalline colloidal nickel oxide hole transport layer for low-temperature processable perovskite solar cell
PublicationHighly crystalline NiOX usually requires high annealing temperature (>300 °C) which is incompatible with flexible substrate and might consume high amount of energy. Herein, we demonstrate a facile emulsion process to synthesize highly crystalline, low temperature deposition (<150 °C) and solution processable NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole transport layer for the perovskite solar cells (PVSCs)....
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Improvement of the thrust bearing calculation considering the convectional heating within the space between the pads
PublicationA modern thrust bearing calculation tool should consider not only the oil film between pad and rotating collar but also the space between the pads. The oil flow in the space has a significant influence on the oil film inlet temperature, the convectional cooling of pad and collar and should be included in the bearing calculation methods. The authors use a tool developed at Clausthal University of Technology in cooperation with the...
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Nucleation and growth of CVD diamond on fused silica optical fibres with titanium dioxide interlayer
PublicationNucleation and growth processes of thin diamond films on fused silica optical fibres have been investigated. Fibres were coated with diamond film using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (µPE CVD) system. Since the growth of diamond on the fused silica glass requires high seeding density, two types of glass pre-treatment were applied: titanium dioxide (TiO2) interlayer deposition and sonication in nanodiamond...
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Synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of novel dithiocarbamate polymers
PublicationNovel dithiocarbamate compounds have been obtained by reacting a linear poly(ethylenimine)polymer, MW 50,000, with CS2. The resulting anionic polymers contain, depending on the reaction conditions, up to two sulfur atoms per one nitrogen atom (approx. 40% w/w). The polymers are soluble in dimethylsulfoxide and insoluble in acetonitrile solutions. In both solvents they are electrochemically active, in the latter case as a cast film...
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Temperature Coefficient of Electronic Polarizability in Thin Polymer Films Deposited on Si and SiO2 Substrates Determined via Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
PublicationEllipsometry is widely used to determine the thermo-optical properties of thin polymer films. However, if the thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) and the linear thermal expansion coefficient (LTEC) are to be used to determine the temperature coefficient of electronic polarizability (TCEP) in thin polymer films, their values must be determined with the greatest possible accuracy, as both have the opposite effect. In this article,...
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Study of nanomechanical properties of (1-y)BST-yMgO thin films
PublicationIn the present study thin films of MgO – modified Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST60/40) solid solution were prepared by the sol-gel-type chemical solution deposition method on stainless steel substrates. A multilayer spin-coating approach was utilized for the Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3-MgO thin film deposition with subsequent thermal annealing at T=650-750C. Dried BST60/40-MgO gel powders were studied with thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis...
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Gas Composition Influence on the Properties of Boron-Doped Diamond Films Deposited on the Fused Silica
PublicationThe main subject of this study are molecular structures and optical properties of boron-doped diamond films with [B]/[C] ppm ratio between 1000 and 10 000, fabricated in two molar ratios of CH 4 -H 2 mixture (1 % and 4 %). Boron-doped diamond (BDD) film on the fused silica was presented as a conductive coating for optical and electronic purposes. The scanning electron microscopy images showed homogenous and polycrystalline surface...
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Au–Si plasmonic platforms: synthesis, structure and FDTD simulations
PublicationPlasmonic platforms based on Au nanostructures have been successfully synthesized by directional solidification of a eutectic from Au and the substrate. In order to determine homogeneous shape and space distribution, the influence of annealing conditions and the initial thickness of the Au film on the nanostructures was analyzed. For the surface morphology studies, SEM and AFM measurements were performed. The structure of platforms...
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Laser induced formation of copper species over TiO2 nanotubes towards enhanced water splitting performance
PublicationWe proposed fast and scalable route where the ordered TiO2 nanotubes coated with thin copper layers were annealed by the laser beam of 355 nm wavelength at different fluencies in the range of 15–120 mJ/cm2. As a result, copper species are integrated with the titania substrate and the formed material exhibits unique optical absorption bands in the visible range. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals the formation...
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Morphology of damage inflicted on brittle polymer in lubricated contact under cyclic static load
PublicationIn this article morphology of damage inflicted on the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) plate in static point lubricated contact with a ball made of five different materials under cyclic normal load has been presented. It is argued that the counterface material and lubricating film play an important role in the damage process and the extent of damage inflicted in the PMMA plate.
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The morphology of V2O5 nanostructures deposited on quartz glass
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the confocal microscope images of morphology evolution of vanadium pentaoxide nanostructures on quartz glass obtained by annealing as-prepared films at 500C and 600C under synthetic air.
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Studies on removal of hydrophobic organics from contaminated soil by washing process
PublicationZbadano efektywność wymywania NAPL ze złoża piaskowego za pomocą roztworów dwóch niejonowych surfaktantów: polioksyetylenowanego alkoholu tłuszczowego (Rokanol NL6) oraz alkiloglukozydu (Triton BG10). Jako NAPL zastosowano dwa węglowodory - dodekan i heksadekan. Oba surfaktanty były relatywnie efektywne w usuwaniu dodekanu. Ze wzrostem stężenia surfaktantu obserwowano wzrost efektywności wymywania dodekanu, jednakże Rokanol NL6...
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Badanie możliwości zastosowania monoacylogliceroli do otrzymywania układów mikroemulsyjnych
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano wyniki badań na temat możliwości zastosowania monoacylogliceroli, ich mieszanin z dodecylosiarczanem sodu i oksyetylenowanymi alkoholami tłuszczowymi oraz estrowych pochodnych monoacylogliceroli do stabilizacji układów mikroemulsyjnych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań otrzymano szereg różnorodnych mikroemulsji, w skład których wchodziły wyżej wymienione surfaktanty, prostołańcuchowe węglowodory oraz olej...
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Hydrogen Damage in Superaustenitic 904L Stainless Steels
Publicationresults on the influence of hydrogen on corrosion resistance and of hydrogen embrittlement of 904L superaustenitic stainless steel were investigated. The cracking behavior was studied by performing a slow strain rate test in synthetic seawater under varying cathodic polarization conditions. The results showed that the steel’s plasticity varied with the applied cathodic current density. Significant reductions in ductility were found,...
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OPERATING CONDITIONS OF SLIDE BEARINGS OF MILLS USED IN KGHM POLSKA MIEDŹ S.A.
PublicationThe paper contains the results from a tec hnical analysis of the conditions of the operation of hydrodynamic bearings supporting the drums of ore processing mills at KGHM Polska Mied ź S.A. A theoretical analysis was performed on the grounds of onsite examination and measurem ents of principal dimensions of the bearings of interest. The computer simulation covered the characteristics of the oil film in the bearings...
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Application of the Optimization Methods to the Search of Marine Propulsion Shafting Global Equilibrium in Running Condition
PublicationFull film hydrodynamic lubrication of marine propulsion shafting journal bearings in running condition is discussed. Considerable computational difficulties in non-linear determining the quasi-static equilibrium of the shafting are highlighted. The approach using two optimization methods (the particle swarm method and the interior point method) in combination with the specially developed relaxation technique is proposed to overcome...
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Tuning of the finesse coefficient of optoelectronic devices
PublicationOptoelectronic devices attracted considerable attention in many branches of science and technology, which can be attributed to their unique properties. Many of them use optical cavities which parameters can be adopted to specific requirements. This thesis investigates the introduction of diamond structures (nitrogen-doped diamond film, boron-doped diamond film, undoped diamond sheet) to optical cavities to tune their finesse coefficient....
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Improvement of Thrust Bearing Calculation Considering the Convectional Heating within the Space between the Pads
PublicationA modern thrust bearing tool is used to estimate the behavior of tilting pad thrust bearings not only in the oil film between pad and rotating collar, but also in the space between the pads. The oil flow in the space significantly influences the oil film inlet temperature and the heating of pad and collar. For that reason, it is necessary to define an oil mixing model for the space between the pads. In the bearing tool, the solutions...
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Sensing the onset of epoxy coating degradation with combined Raman spectroscopy/atomic force microscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on epoxy resin durability upon 12-week exposure to UV radiation. The aim was early determination of the onset of epoxy degradation and for this purpose an epoxy film on steel substrate systems were periodically inspected using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The behaviour of examined polymer could be divided into three periods: immunity,...
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A facile method for Tauc exponent and corresponding electronic transitions determination in semiconductors directly from UV–Vis spectroscopy data
PublicationIn this work, a facile method allowing for estimation of the exponent in the Tauc equation directly from the UV–vis spectra is presented. It is based on the Taylor expansion of the logarithmic version of the Tauc equation. The Tauc exponent is calculated from the tangent slope of the absorption data. Knowledge of this coefficient provides information about the optical transition types and is used as an input for the calculations...
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The importance of individual spray properties in performance improvement of a urea-SCR system employing flash-boiling injection
PublicationThe appropriate mixing of a urea–water solution (UWS) with exhaust gases in a selective catalytic reduction system is crucial to efficiently reduce nitrogen oxides and diminish the deposition of liquid wall film. One of the methods to enhance the mixing of the UWS with the exhaust gases is a flash-boiling injection. Its positive effect has been linked with a reduced Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and improved evaporation, but the...
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Pomorskie drogi ku Niepodległej
EventsPolitechnika Otwarta zaprasza na premierowy pokaz filmu Jana Butowskiego pt. „Pomorskie drogi ku Niepodległej”. Poznamy sylwetki bohaterów, miejsca i wydarzenia, które odegrały znaczącą rolę na drodze ku niepodległości.
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XRD data of (Cr,Fe,Mn,Co,Ni)3O4 High-entropy spinel oxide thin films deposited on amorphous SiO2 substrate by spray pyrolysis techniqe, annealed in a range from 400 to 900oC
Open Research DataDataset include collected XRD data of (Cr,Fe,Mn,Co,Ni)3O4 high-entropy spinel oxide thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique on amorphous SiO2 substrates and annealed from 400 to 900oC. Samples were prepared in the form of a ~ 500 nm thin film utilising a facile spray pyrolysis technique. The structural and electrical properties of the layers...
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Study of the Influence of Heat Convection Coefficient on Predicted Performance of a Large Tilting-Pad Thrust Bearing
PublicationPart of the heat generated by the shearing of the lubricating film during operation of a hydrodynamic bearing is transferred to the bearing components. In the case of the pad, which is usually fully submerged in the lubricating oil, heat is further transferred at the pad free walls to the oil by convection. This mechanism causes a thermal gradient in a pad and, consequently, its thermal deflection. In large hydrodynamic thrust...
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Conducting Polymer Microelectrodes Anchored to Hydrogel Films
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje wytwarzanie organicznych hydrożeli z mikroelektrodami poli(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, PEDOT), które wykazują obniżoną rezystywność 100 Ω/□. Proces przygotowania rozpoczyna się elektroosadzania przewodzącego PEDOT (ok. 20 S/cm) na mikroelektrodach Pt. Elektrolityczne wiąże się film PEDOT z hydrożelem. Tak wytworzona struktura jest odrywana elektrycznie pd podłoża.
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Electrical characterization of diamond/boron doped diamond nanostructures for use in harsh environment applications
PublicationThe polycrystalline boron doped diamond (BDD) shows stable electrical properties and high tolerance for harsh environments (e.g. high temperature or aggressive chemical compounds) comparing to other materials used in semiconductor devices. In this study authors have designed electronic devices fabricated from non-intentionally (NiD) films and highly boron doped diamond structures. Presented semiconductor devices consist of highly...
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Preferential solvation in (amide+alcohol) binary mixtures. Part 2. The N-methylpyrrolidinone+methanol mixture at T = 313.15 K: thermodynamic resultsand molecular dynamics calculations.
PublicationBadano zjawisko preferencyjnej solwatacji amidu (N-metylopyrrolidonu) przez metanol wykorzystując dwie uzupełniające się metody: bezpośrednich pomiarów własności termodynamicznych roztworu oraz symulacji komputerowych. W metodzie pierwszej dokonano pomiarów wielkości termodynamicznych takich jak: nadmiarowa energia swobodna mieszania, nadmiarowa objętość mieszania oraz współczynnika ściśliwości izotermicznej mieszaniny,...
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Preferential solvation in (amide+alcohol) binary mixtures. Part 1. The N- methylpyrrolidinone+ethanol mixture at T = 313.15 K: thermodynamic resultsand molecular dynamics calculations.
PublicationBadano zjawisko preferencyjnej solwatacji amidu (N-metylopyrrolidonu) przez etanol wykorzystując dwie uzupełniające się metody: bezpośrednich pomiarów własności termodynamicznych roztworu oraz symulacji komputerowych. W metodzie pierwszej dokonano pomiarów wielkości termodynamicznych takich jak: nadmiarowa energia swobodna mieszania, nadmiarowa objętość mieszania oraz współczynnika ściśliwości izotermicznej mieszaniny,...
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Pomiary grubości cienkich warstw metodą modulacji chromatycznej.
PublicationTematem artykułu jest pomiar grubości struktur cienkowarstwowych szerokostosowanych w optoelektronice, transparentnych warstw dielektrycznych. Grubość jest najistotniejszym parametrem warstwy i determinuje jej właściwościoptyczne. Metoda pomiaru grubości cienkich warstw powinna być bezkontaktowa, nieniszcząca, niekosztowna oraz odporna na zakłócenia
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Preparation and characterization of TiO2 nanostructures for catalytic CO2 photoconversion
PublicationThe titanium dioxide target (99.7%) of 1 cm in dia was ablated in vacuum by laser pulses(6 ns) at 266 nm and at repetition rate of 10 Hz. During deposition the laser fluence between 1 and 3.5 J/cm2 and the O2 pressure from the range of 10-2 - 1 Pa were applied. The thin TiO2 films were deposited on glass substrate (1 × 1 cm2) heated up to 500 °C. The chemical composition of the film and samples produced by annealing were investigated...