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Search results for: POLIMER PRZEWODZĄCY
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Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Hyperbranched Poly(arylene-oxindole) Interiors
PublicationCore-shell type star polymers composed of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (poly(t-BuA)) arms and 100% hyperbranched poly(arylene-oxindole) interiors were synthesized via the "core-first" method. Atom transfer radical polymerization of t-BuA initiated by 2-bromopropionyl terminal groups of the hyperbranched core was applied for the synthesis of the stars. The resultant star structures were characterized by gel permeation chromatography...
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Unsaturated, biobased polyesters and their cross-linking via radical copolymerization
PublicationBiobased, unsaturated polyesters derived from isosorbide, maleic anhydride and succinic acid were synthesized and characterized. The presence of maleic anhydride units in the structure of the polyesters allowed converting them into cured coatings by radical copolymerization with cross-linking agents such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, acrylic acid or methacrylamide. The investigated polyesters were obtained...
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Synthesis and characterization of novel renewable polyesters based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 2,3-butanediol
PublicationNovel polyesters from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or 2,5-dimethyl-furandicarboxylate and 2,3-butanediol have been synthesized via bulk polycondensation catalyzed by titanium (IV) n-butoxide, tin (IV) ethylhexanoate, or zirconium (IV) butoxide. The polymers were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), matrix-assisted laser ionization-desorption...
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Functionalization of Parylene During Its Chemical Vapor Deposition
PublicationTwo possible mechanisms for the reaction of four halogenated (metha)acrylate-based molecules with Parylene [poly (paraxylylene)] during its chemical vapor deposition were proposed. The chemical reactivity of acrylate double bond with the paraxylylene biradical was calculated for all four (metha)acrylate-based molecules. These calculations allowed the evaluation of the energetically favorable mechanism and indeed a direct correlation...
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Removal of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics from wastewater by adsorption on cross-linked β-cyclodextrin
PublicationWe present a method using the material in the form of cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (CD) showing high efficiency in the simultaneous removal of hazardous pollutants from sewage, such as diclofenac (DIC), ibuprofen (IBU), ketoprofen (KETO), naproxen (NAPR), salicylic acid (SALI) and tramadol (TRAM). The material is stable and particularly easy to regenerate. The sorbent probably remembers the shape of the contaminants, which increases...
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Investigation of Wood Flour Size, Aspect Ratios, and Injection Molding Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Wood Flour/Polyethylene Composites
PublicationIn the present research, wood flour reinforced polyethylene polymer composites with a coupling agent were prepared by injection molding. The effects of wood flour size, aspect ratios, and mold injection temperature on the composites’ mechanical properties were investigated. For the preparation of the polymer composites, five different formulations were created. The mechanical properties including tensile strength and the modulus,...
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Study of the NO2 sensing mechanism of PEDOT-RGO film using in situ Raman Spectroscopy
PublicationIn this work, the mechanism of the NO2 reaction with PEDOT-RGO composite film has been investigated via in situ Raman spectroscopy. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)-reduced graphene oxide (PEDOT-RGO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene)/ClO4− (PEDOT/ClO4−) films were fabricated using an electrodeposition method and used as resistance sensors of gaseous nitrogen dioxide. The experimental results indicate...
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Progress in used tyres management in the european union: a review
PublicationThe dynamic increase in the manufacture of rubber products, particularly those used in the automobile industry, is responsible for a vast amount of wastes, mostly in the form of used tyres, of which more than 17 million tonnes are produced globally each year. The widely differing chemical compositions and the cross-linked structures of rubber in tyres are the prime reason why they are highly resistant to biodegradation, photochemical...
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An influence of molecular weight, deacetylation degree of chitosan xerogels on their antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Comparison of chitosan materials obtained using lactic acid and CO2 saturation.
PublicationThis paper presents a comparison of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against L929 cells of chitosan xerogels prepared by dissolving the polymer in a solution of lactic acid (LA) or carbonic acid (CO2) and then freeze-drying. There was no simple relationship between the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of the samples obtained using both techniques (LA and CO2). Chitosan materials obtained by the LA method in a...
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Chemical modifications of graphene and their influence on properties of polyurethane composites: a review
PublicationPolyurethane composites are materials of great interest nowadays due to their wide range of available forms and applications in industry. Controlling and achieving unique properties via matrix modifications and addition of various specific nanofillers seems be one of the key elements to success. The purpose of this work is to briefly present some examples of graphene nanoderivatives, their syntheses, properties and influence on...
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Low-Temperature Requirements for Bitumen in Central East European Road Construction
PublicationThe paper presents the proposition of special assessment of lowtemperature requirements for bitumens in the region of Central and Eastern Europe where there is a moderate transitional area from sea to the continental type of climate. The results of the research program conducted on the road neat bitumens, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene polymer and polymer-rubber modified bitumen, and multigrade bitumen types were presented and discussed....
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(μ-Tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato)bis[(tetrahydrofuran)lithium(I)] and catena-poly[[bis(μ-tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato)dilithium(I)]-μ-dimethoxyethane]: solvent coordination as the structure-forming factor.
PublicationOpisano syntezę oraz wyznaczono strukturę molekularną i krystaliczną dwóch solwatowanych tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolanów litu. W przypadku użycia tetrahydrofuranu obserwuje się tworzenie struktury, zawierającej izolowane dimery. Zastosowanie dimetoksyetanu powoduje utworzenie struktury łańcuchowej, którą można uznać za przykład polimeru koordynacyjnego.
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Influence of the internal electrolyte composition on amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor properties
PublicationIn this work amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor with a liquid electrolyte, a mercury sulphate reference electrode and solid polymer electrolyte (Nafion) covered with gold as a working electrode will be presented. The main goal of this research is to determine the influence of internal electrolyte composition on the sensor properties. Sensor filled with 1M and 5M sulphuric acid has been investigated.
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Influence of the internal electrolyte composition on amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor properties
PublicationIn this work investigation of an amperometric sulphur dioxide sensor with a liquid electrolyte, a mercury sulphate reference electrode and solid polymer electrolyte (Nafion) covered with gold as a working electrode properties is presented. The main goal of this research is to determine the influence of internal electrolyte composition on the sensor properties. Sensor filled with 1M and 5M sulphuric acid has been studied.
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Badania eksperymentalne rezonansowego przetwornika piezoelektrycznego typu "unimorph"
PublicationW artykule opisano badania eksperymentalne piezoelektrycznego rezonansowego przetwornika zastosowanego do pomiaru właściwości mechanicznych tkanek miękkich. Po krótkim wstępie w kolejnych punktach przedstawiono opis stanowiska pomiarowego oraz metody pomiaru odkształceń prototypów, przesunięć częstotliwości rezonansowej, impedancji elektromechanicznej i parametrów schematów zastępczych. W dalszej...
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Wytwarzanie i charakterystyka cienkich warstw diamentowych na podłożach ze szkła kwarcowego, w szczególności na światłowodach włóknistych, dla zastosowań w sensorach optoelektronicznych
PublicationGłównym celem naukowym prac badawczych przeprowadzonych w rozprawie było wytwarzanie i modyfikacja funkcjonalności cienkich, przewodzących warstw diamentowych syntezowanych na podłożach optycznych. W ramach przeprowadzonych badań wytworzono szereg warstw diamentowych o specyficznych właściwościach optycznych i elektrycznych, mających na celu wykazanie możliwości wykorzystania takich struktur dla celów sensorycznych. Do poprawy...
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Materiały stosowane do wytwarzania implantów kości
PublicationMateriały stosowane do wytwarzania implantów kostnych muszą być biokompatybilne, nietoksyczne, bioaktywne oraz wykazywać odpowiednie właściwości mechaniczne, takie jak wytrzymałość na ściskanie, na zginanie oraz sztywność i twardość. Gama stosowanych materiałów jest bardzo szeroka, obejmuje metale, polimery, ceramikę oraz ich kompozyty. Każdy z tych materiałów ma swoje mocne i słabe strony. Praca stanowi przegląd materiałów stosowanych...
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High-density Polyethylene - Expanded Perlite Composites: Structural Oriented Analysis of Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties
PublicationAs part of this work, research was carried out on the effect of the addition of expanded perlite (PR) on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (PE) composites. Composites containing from 1 to 10 wt% of the inorganic filler were produced. Polyethylene-based composites manufactured by twin-screw extrusion and formed in the compression molding process were subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical,...
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Sensing the onset of epoxy coating degradation with combined Raman spectroscopy/atomic force microscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on epoxy resin durability upon 12-week exposure to UV radiation. The aim was early determination of the onset of epoxy degradation and for this purpose an epoxy film on steel substrate systems were periodically inspected using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The behaviour of examined polymer could be divided into three periods: immunity,...
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Experimental Studies of Concrete-Filled Composite Tubes under Axial Short- and Long-Term Loads
PublicationThe paper presents experimental studies on axially compressed columns made of concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tubes. The infill concrete was C30/37 according to Eurocode 2. The investigated composite pipes were characterized by different angles of fiber winding in relation to the longitudinal axis of the element: 20, 55 and 85 degrees. Columns of two lengths, 0.4 m and 2.0 m, were studied. The internal diameter...
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Validation Process for Computational Model of Full-Scale Segment for Design of Composite Footbridge
PublicationExperimental tests and numerical simulations of a full-scale segment of a foot and cycle bridge made of polymer composites are presented in the paper. The analysed structure is made of sandwich panels, which consist of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) multi-layered laminate faces and a PET foam (obtained from recycling) core. The dimensions of the segment cross-section are the same as for the target footbridge; however, span...
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Badania właściwości elastomeru polimerowego jako materiału do redukcji drgań budowli poddanych obciążeniom sejsmicznym i parasejsmicznym
PublicationCelem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie wyników badań eksperymentalnych, przeprowadzonych na próbkach wykonanych z elastomeru polimerowego, wykorzystywanego w metodzie złączy podatnych. W referacie zaprezentowano wyniki badań statycznych dla ściskania oraz rozciągania, a także rezultaty z dynamiczno-mechanicznej analizy termicznej (DMA), której celem było przedstawienie zmian modułu zachowawczego, modułu stratności oraz tangensa...
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The impact of thermomechanical and chemical treatment of waste Brewers’ spent grain and soil biodegradation of sustainable Mater-Bi-Based biocomposites
PublicationDue to the massive plastic pollution, development of sustainable and biodegradable polymer materials is crucial to reduce environmental burdens and support climate neutrality. Application of lignocellulosic wastes as fillers for polymer composites was broadly reported, but analysis of biodegradation behavior of resulting biocomposites was rarely examined. Herein, sustainable Mater-Bi-based biocomposites filled with thermomechanically-...
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Rozdrobione odpady polimerowe- nowy problem i świadek historii wpływu człowieka na najnowsze dzieje ziemi.
PublicationSyntetyczne polimery są nieodłącznym towarzyszem współczesnego człowieka i dowodem jego działalności obecnym w osadach, szczególnie od połowy XX wieku. Przeciętny konsument wprowadza dziennie do środowiska około 2,4 mg mikroplastiku. Terminem "mikroplastik" określa się odpady z tworzyw sztucznych, ktorych wielkość nie przekracza 5 mm.
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Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis of cross-linked poly(esterurethanes)
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań termograwimetrycznych oraz termomechanicznych usieciowanch za pomocą styrenu i metakrylanu metylu poli(estrouretanów). Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły stwierdzić, że stabilność termiczna poli(estrouretanów) jest wystarczająca do wielu zastosowań technicznych. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały również, iż polimery sieciowane styrenem wykazują separację fazową.
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Quality assessments of electrochromic devices: the possibleuse of 1/f current noise
PublicationElementy wykorzystujące zjawisko elektrochromizmu, potrafiące zmieniać przezroczystość za pomocą ładowania/rozładowania ładunkiem elektrycznym, wykonano na bazie laminatów pokrytych porowatą strukturą tlenków Ni oraz tlenków Wi-V. Oba laminaty, na które naniesiono przewodzącą warstwę In2O3, przedzielono warstwą elektrolitu. Obserwowano szumy typu 1/f w prądzie I płynącym w trakcie rozładowywania urządzenia. Gęstość widmowa mocy...
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Structural, spectral and magnetic properties of Ni(II), Co(II) and Cd(II) compounds with imidazole derivatives and silanethiolate ligands
PublicationA series of new metal heteroleptic complexes have been obtained in simple reactions of 1-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole (api) and 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)-butane (bbi) ligands with metal silanethiolates or acetylacetonates. The obtained complexes are the coordination polymers [Ni{SSi(tBuO)3}2(μ-api)]n1, [Co{SSi(tBuO)3}2(μ-api)]n2, [Cd{SSi(tBuO)3}2(μ-api)·2CH3OH]n3, [Cd{SSi(tBuO)3}2(μ-bbi)·CHCl3]n4 and the dimer [Co{SSi(tBuO)3}2(μ-bbi)·3CH3OH]25....
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Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Additive Manufactured Polylactide
PublicationThis article presents the results of monotonic tensile and fatigue tests conducted on commercial polylactide or polylactic acid (PLA). The results of fatigue tests for this material present in the literature are limited, especially for additive manufactured elements. The specimens were manufactured using the injection molding and the fused filament fabrication (FFF) method. The FFF specimens were divided into five subgroups, depending...
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Reactive extrusion of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters in the presence of free-radical-initiators: A review
PublicationNowadays, growing attention is being paid to the environment and sustainability, what fully justified research works focused on modification of biodegradable polymers and their composites. In this field of research reactive extrusion seems to be the most promising approach, which fits well to sustainable development strategy. In In the present work, the in-situ modification of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and the compatibilization...
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Reliable renewable energy – application of electrochemical capacitors for electrical energy storage
PublicationThis paper presents electrical energy storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors, their principle of operation and electrode materials most commonly used in their manufacturing technology. Moreover, our research on development of new nanocomposite materials based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer is shown. Additionally, the possibility and advantages of application of supercapacitors for accumulation...
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On geometrically non-linear FEA of laminated FRP composite panels
PublicationThe paper presents a state-of-art review on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of geometrically non-linear problems for laminated composite plates and shells made as fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates. Besides a subjective overview of the historical development of geometrically non-linear FEA of laminated FRP composite panels, some remarks on possible future issues in this research area are given
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Compatibilization of polymeric composition filled with ground tire rubber – short review
PublicationWaste rubber is recognized as valuable materials resource and searching for new recycling methods is the main activity of many research institutions and companies. At the turn of the last years only few scientific papers about foamed polymer compositions filled with ground tire rubber were published. In paper review about progress in compatibilization and foaming of polymeric compositions filled with ground tire rubber.
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Determination of the shape of the CFGFT cylindrical column based on laboratory tests
PublicationAnalyses were carried out on glass-fibre-reinforced polymer tube columns with reference to laboratory tests. The angles of the glass fibre beams were 20◦, 55◦ and 85◦. The study employed non-classical operational calculus. Various modulated harmonic signal shapes were considered for columns and tubes at buckling. The buckling loads were assessed and compared for different models.
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Silicon oxycarbide-tin nanocomposite derived from a UV crosslinked single source preceramic precursor as high-performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries
PublicationIn this work, we report an innovative and facile UV light-assisted synthesis of a nanocomposite based on silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) and tin nanoparticles. SiOC ceramic matrix, containing a conductive free carbon phase, participates in lithium-ion storage, and buffers the volume changes of Li-alloying/de-alloying material. The reported synthesis procedure through a polymer-derived ceramic route involves the preparation of a single-source...
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Preparation and characterisation of solution-cast Nafion membrane
PublicationNafion is a commercial name for a perfluorosulfonic polymer, which has been developed in 1962 by Dupont de Nemours. This polymer consists of a polytetrafluoroethylene backbone and regular spaced long perfluorovinyl ether pendant side chains terminated by a sulfonate ionic group. These sulfonate groups are responsible for cation-exchange properties of Nafion. Thanks to the ion-exchange properties, water permeability, good chemical,...
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The application of a photopolymer material for the manufacture of machine elements using rapid prototyping techniques
PublicationThe paper discusses the application of polymer resin for 3D printing. The first section focuses on rapid prototyping technique and properties of the photopolymer, used as input material in the manufacture of machine components. Second part of the article was devoted to exemplary 3-D-printed elements for incorporation in machines. The article also contains detailed description of problems encountered in implementation of the selected...
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Materiały i fabrykacja w kontekście paradygmatu cyfrowego w architekturze
PublicationOpracowanie dotyczy wpływu jaki na współczesną architekturę ma rozwój nauki o materiałach i technologii CNC. Nowe technologie pozwalają na realizację wielokrzywiznowej geometrii oraz uzyskiwanie unikalnych efektów materiałowych z wykorzystaniem zarówno nowych budulców jakimi są materiały kompozytowe i polimery jak również tradycyjnych materiałów takich jak cegła i kamień.
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Problemy pomiarów niewielkich wartości ładunku występujących w procesie drzewienia elektrycznego. VI Ogólnopolskie Sympozjum Inżynieria Wysokich Napięć - IW 2002.
PublicationReferat zawiera omówienie problemów rejestracji niewielkich wartości impulsów prądowych o ultrakrótkich czasach trwania. Przedstawiono tu metodę pomiaru impulsów prądowych związanych z ładunkiem wstrzykiwanym do polimeru z elektrody ostrzowej przy napięciu przemiennym. W pracy zawarto także wyniki wstępnej serii badań mającej na celu przetestowanie zmodyfikowanego układu probierczego.
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Wpływ przepięć na degradację izolacji polietylenowej. VI Ogólnopolskie Sympozjum Inżynieria Wysokich Napięć - IW 2002.
PublicationOmówiono wyniki badań wskazujące na istotny w procesie degradacji izolacji polietylenowej wpływ przepięć nakładanych na napięcie przemienne. Przeprowadzone badanie termicznie stymulowanej depolaryzacji cienkich próbek folii polietylenowej narażonych napięciem przemiennym oraz skojarzonym pozwoliły określić rodzaj napięcia efektywnie wprowadzającego ładunek do polimeru, wartość ładunku i jego energię aktywacji.
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Materiały i fabrykacja w kontekście paradygmatu cyfrowego w architekturze
PublicationOpracowanie dotyczy wpływu jaki na współczesną architekturę ma rozwój nauki o materiałach i technologii CNC. Nowe technologie pozwalają na realizację wielokrzywiznowej geometrii oraz uzyskiwanie unikalnych efektów materiałowych z wykorzystaniem zarówno nowych budulców jakimi są materiały kompozytowe i polimery jak również tradycyjnych materiałów takich jak cegła i kamień.
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Badania osadu czynnego jako sorbentu oleju.
PublicationPrzeprowadzono badania właściwości sorpcyjnych wysuszonego osadu czynnego względem ciekłych węglowodorów. Zastosowano dwie techniki eksperymentalne:metodę wzniesienia kapilarnego i dynamiczną sorpcję oleju z dyspersji typu olej w wodzie. Sorbent uzyskany z osadu flokulowanego za pomocą polimeru organicznego był lepiej zwilżany niż sorbent otrzymany z osadu zagęszczanego bez dodatków chemicznych.
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Environmental impact and industrial development of biorenewable resources for polyurethanes
PublicationPolyurethanes are among the most developed types of polymers. They are produced from the three primary components, i.e., polyols, low-molecular-weight glycols used as chain extenders, and diisocyanates. Until recently, all these substrates have been obtained via petrochemical processes. A decrease in petroleum-based resources and new ecological trends in chemistry, chemical technology, and materials engineering have generated increasing...
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Influence of bitumen type on cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures used in pavement overlays
PublicationCracking is one of the predominant distresses occurring in flexible pavements, especially in old pavements that were rehabilitated with an asphalt overlay. In such cases asphalt mixtures should be designed to ensure high resistance to reflective cracking because new asphalt layers are exposed to existing cracks of the old pavement. The nature of these cracks can be various (transverse, longitudinal as well as crazy cracking). One...
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Properties of a polyethyleneimine-based sensor for measuring medium and high relative humidity
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metodę przygotowania filmów polimerowych o zwiększonej odporności na działanie wody. Polietylenoimina została usieciowana w podwyższonej temperaturze. Określono optymalną kompozycję polimeru oraz temperaturę sieciowania. Czujniki rezystancyjne przygotowano metodą ''dip-coating''. Otrzymane czujniki charakteryzują się doskonałą trwałością w wysokich wilgotnościach. Elektryczne parametry czujników określono...
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Functionalized polyolefins, synthesis application and industrial relevance
PublicationPolymers play a key role in our modern life full of technical advances and a continuous request for new materials with tailored properties for a low price. Their excellent mechanical properties, good processability, chemical stability and low price make polyolefins the polymers of choice for most commodity and some more specialized applications. As a result, polyolefins account for over 65% of the total world demand of plastic...
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Structural Changes and Their Implications in Foamed Flexible Polyurethane Composites Filled with Rapeseed Oil-Treated Ground Tire Rubber
PublicationThe utilization of post-consumer car tires is an essential issue from an ecological andeconomic point of view. One of the simplest and the least harmful methods is their material recyclingresulting in ground tire rubber (GTR), which can be further applied as fillers for polymer-basedcomposites. Nevertheless, insufficient interfacial interactions implicate the necessity of GTR modi-fication before introduction into polymer matrices....
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Recycling of Waste Rubber by the Manufacturing of Foamed Polyurethane-Based Composites—Current State and Perspectives
PublicationWorn car tires are disruptive waste, and the issue of their management is crucial for the natural environment. In many countries, the primary method of end-of-life tires utilization is energy recovery. However, more effective and beneficial for the environment is material recycling. Using them for the production of polymer-rubber composites seems to be an auspicious direction of research. Incorporation of ground tire rubber into...
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Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and functionalized carbon nanotubes
PublicationThis work is focused on new composite materials consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (pEDOT) and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized electrochemically. Three types of composites were synthesized: the first one containing carbon nanotubes with carboxyl groups (covalent functionalization), the second one containing oxidized carbon nanotubes ox-MWCNTs (with different oxygen-rich polar groups) (covalent...
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Analiza trwałości zmęczeniowej asfaltów drogowych i modyfikowanych z wykorzystaniem testu liniowego zwiększania amplitudy / Analysis of the fatigue life of neat and modified bitumens using linear amplitude sweep test
PublicationThe paper presents an evaluation of the fatigue resistance of selected Polish bituminous binders: neat bitumen 50/70, polymer modified bitumen PMB 45/80-55 and polymer highly modified bitumen PMB 45/80-80. The linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test, which is a new bitumen performance grading test developed in the USA, and was used to assess the fatigue life of the bitumens. Highly modified bitumen 45/80-80 showed 10-20 times higher...
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Clickable polysaccharides for biomedical applications: A comprehensive review
PublicationRecent advances in materials science and engineering highlight the importance of designing sophisticated biomaterials with well-defined architectures and tunable properties for emerging biomedical applications. Click chemistry, a powerful method allowing specific and controllable bioorthogonal reactions, has revolutionized our ability to make complex molecular structures with a high level of specificity, selectivity, and yield...