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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: temperature%20measurement
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Measurement of sub-nanometer molecular layers with ISFET without a reference electrode dependency
PublikacjaA new method of detection and measurement with sub-nanometer resolution of layers adsorbed or bonded to the ISFET's gate dielectric was presented. The sensitivity of this method is high enough to detect even partial mono-layer covering. The transconductance measurement of the ISFET provides independence of the output signal from pH changes and the driving electrode electrochemical potential instabilities. The stable reference electrode...
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Time domain diagnosis of anticorrosion coatings via shape designed measurement signals.
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono operującą w dziedzinie czasu metodę diagnostyki pokryć przeciwkorozyjnych, na poziomie identyfikacji parametrów obwodu zastępczego. Metoda jest oparta na pobudzeniu obiektu sygnałem niekonwencjonalnym o projektowanym kształcie i pomiarze odpowiedzi obiektu (tzw. obserwabla) po upływie zadanego czasu T. Parametry obwodu zastępczego są obliczane bezpośrednio z obserwabli na podstawie równań wynikających z topologii...
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Accelerated impedance spectrum measurement via multisine perturbationand digital filter banks
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono przyspieszoną metodę pomiaru widma impedancyjnego, zorientowaną na pomiary jakości powłok przeciwkorozyjnych, modelowanych liniowymi obwodami zastępczymi. Metoda polega na pobudzeniu układu wielosinusoidalnym sygnałem popudzającym oraz analizie pobudzenia i odpowiedzi obiektu przez bank filtrów cyfrowych. Przedstawiono podstawy teoretyczne metody oraz propozycję metodologii pomiaru. Przeanalizowano wyniki symulacji...
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Example of practical use of vibration measurement results - study of settlement of the Wisłoujście Tower
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki identyfikacji parametrów posadowienia wieży Twierdzy Wisłoujście. Badanie oparto na zidentyfikowanych w pomiarach częstotliwościach drgań swobodnych wieży. Przyjęto prosty model dynamiczny obiektu, dobrze opisujący jego zachowanie.
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Application of polarisation-maintaining side-hole fibres do direct force measurement
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono zastosowanie utrzymujących polaryzację światłowodów typu Side Hole do bezpośredniego pomiaru siły. Dla wybranych struktur tych światłowodów wyznaczono, przy pomocy Metody Elementów Skończonych i metody modów sprzężonych, czułość na siłę działającą prostopadle do osi symetrii światłowodu. Określono zależność tej czułości od poszczególnych wymiarów struktur tych światłowodów. Następnie, biorąc pod...
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Influence of the analyzing window on electrode impedance measurement by thecontinuous freqency scanning method
PublikacjaPrzeprowadzono pomiary impedancyjne modelowego układu elektrycznego RC techniką ciągłego skanowania częstotliwościowego. Wyznaczono impedancję modelowego układu dla różnych okien analizujących oraz ich różnych wielkości. Wyznaczone dla różnych okien analizujących wartości R i C porównywano z wartościami rzeczywistymi. Stwierdzono wpływ rodzaju okna analizującego oraz jego długość na dokładność otrzymywanych wyników.
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Conditions for measurement, analog-to-digital conversion and frequency analysis of irregularities of profile surface
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono uwarunkowania pomiaru, przetwarzania analogowo-cyfrowego i analizy częstotliwościowej nierówności powierzchni toczonych dla celów rozpoznawania ich głównych składowych. Przedstawiono ograniczenia w pomiarze igłą, która odwzorowuje nierówności poprzeczne. Podano zależności parametrów pomiaru cyfrowego nierówności warunkujące zakresy ich rozpatrywania. Dla wartości przedziału próbkowania, dla którego nie jest spełnione...
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Measurement of expenditure efficiency of Polish cities with county rights in the context of quality of life
PublikacjaThe article is devoted to the measurement of efficiency of overall expenditures. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of use of budget resources by local government units in the context of fostering quality of life. The subject of the study is 65 Polish cities with county rights (county status). Calculations were carried out using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results of analysis confirm the two research...
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Fault loop impedance measurement in low voltage network with residual current devices
PublikacjaW sieciach i instalacjach niskiego napięcia z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej jest kłopotliwy. Prąd pomiarowy powoduje ich zbędne zadziałanie, co uniemożliwia prawidłowe wykonanie pomiaru. W artykule omówiono przyczyny zbędnego zadziałania wyłączników różnicowoprądowych podczas pomiaru impedancji pętli zwarciowej oraz warunki, w jakich ten pomiar można wykonać poprawnie.
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Miniaturized Passive Emission Chambers for In Situ Measurement of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds
PublikacjaThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air. The presence of dangerous chemical compounds in indoor air can have an adverse impact on human health and cause numerous diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Such harmful chemicals get into indoor air as a result of their emission from building and indoor materials....
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Determination of the tram track axis using a multi receiver GNSS measurement system
PublikacjaThis article refers to research, that has been conducted by an interdisciplinary research team from the Gdańsk University of Technology and the Maritime University in Gdynia since 2009. These investigation concerns the determination of a railway track axis using the mobile satellite measurement technique. Following the dynamic development of GNSS techniques, that could be seen in the last decade, the team carried out further experiments...
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Fault Loop Impedance Measurement in Circuits Fed by UPS and Principle of Safety Protection
PublikacjaThis paper indicates a significant problem of uncertainty of fault loop impedance (FLI) measurement in circuits powered from uninterruptible power supply (UPS) (double-conversion AC-DC-AC). The correctly determined value of this impedance, related to the short-circuit current disconnection time and to the reference value, is one of the most important elements that determines the approval of an electrical installation and its receivers...
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Determination of magnetisation conditions in a Double-Core Barkhausen Noise measurement set-up
PublikacjaThe magnetic Barkhausen effect is useful forassessing 1D and 2D stress states of ferromagnetic steelobjects. However, its extension to technically importantmaterials, such as duplex anisotropic steels, remains challenging. The determination of magnetisation inside the studied object and the electromagnet for various geometries, materials and magnetisation angles is a key issue.Three-dimensional, dynamic finite element analysis...
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Measurement Campaign and Mathematical Model Construction for the Ship Zodiak Magnetic Signature Reproduction
PublikacjaThe paper presents the partial work done within the framework of the EDA Siramis II project focused on magnetic signature reproduction of ships. Reproduction is understood here as the ability to determine the magnetic anomaly of the local Earth magnetic field in any direction and at any measurement depth due to the presence of the analysed object. The B-91 type hydrographic ship Zodiak was selected as the real case study. The work...
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Comparison of Different Measurement Techniques as Methodology for Surveying and Monitoring Stainless Steel Chimneys
PublikacjaThe measurement of a chimney axis is an engineering geodesy task. These measurements allow to assess the technical condition of chimneys and are usually carried out for reinforced concrete chimneys. When measuring high chimneys, the main problem may be the need to go a long distance to take a measurement. The surface of the chimney can also be problematic because it can absorb so much light from the range finder that total station...
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Investigation of Weigh-in-Motion Measurement Accuracy on the Basis of Steering Axle Load Spectra
PublikacjaWeigh-in-motion systems are installed in pavements or on bridges to identify and reduce the number of overloaded vehicles and minimise their adverse eect on road infrastructure. Moreover, the collected trac data are used to obtain axle load characteristics, which are very useful in road infrastructure design. Practical application of data from weigh-in-motion has become more common recently, which calls for adequate attention to...
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FIBRE-OPTIC SENSOR FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF THICKNESSAND REFRACTIVE INDEX OF LIQUID LAYERS
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a fibre-optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and thickness of liquid layers. We designed an experimental low-coherence setup with two broadband light sources and an extrinsic fibre-optic Fabry–Pérot interferometer acting as the sensing head. We examined how the refractive index of a liquid film and its thickness affect spectrum at the output of a fibre-optic interferometer. We...
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INFLUENCE OF WRONGLY ASSUMED PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION ON THE UNCERTAINTY OF RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY TECHNICAL METHOD
PublikacjaThe paper presents studies on the influence of probability distributions on the expanded uncertainty of the resistance measurement. Choosing the correct probability distribution is very important to estimate of measurement uncertainty. The most commonly used distribution is the rectangular distribution. The paper presents the results of analysis of the resistance measurement uncertainty using the technical method of two resistances:...
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Modelling and Measurement of Folk Guitar: Truss Rod and Strings in Numerical Analysis of Tone
PublikacjaThe study makes an attempt to model a complete vibrating guitar including its non-linear features, specifically the tension-compression of truss rod and tension of strings. The purpose of such a model is to examine the influence of design parameters on tone. Most experimental studies are flawed by uncertainties introduced by materials and assembly of an instrument. Since numerical modelling of instruments allows for deterministic...
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A method of earth fault loop impedance measurement without unwanted tripping of RCDs
PublikacjaIn low-voltage networks, earth fault loop impedance (EFLI) measurement is the basis for assessing the effectiveness of automatic disconnection of supply. Such a measurement is performed during initial and periodical verification, especially in a TN low-voltage network. Nowadays, due to widespread application of residual current devices (RCDs), such test is difficult in many circuits because RCDs operate during the test. In this...
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A High-Efficient Measurement System With Optimization Feature for Prototype CMOS Image Sensors
PublikacjaIn this paper, a gray-scale CMOS image sensor (CIS) characterization system with an optimization feature has been proposed. By using a very fast and precise control of light intensity, based on the pulsewidth-modulation method, it is avoided to measure the illuminance every time. These features accelerate the multicriteria CIS optimization requiring many thousands of measurements. The system throughput is 2.5 Gb/s, which allows...
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Suppression of distortions in signals received from Doppler sensor for vehicle speed measurement
PublikacjaDoppler sensors are commonly used for movement detection and speed measurement. However, electromagnetic interference and imperfections in sensor construction result in degradation of the signal to noise ratio. As a result, detection of signals reflected from moving objects becomes problematic. The paper proposes an algorithm for reduction of distortions and noise in the signal received from a simple, dual-channel type of a Doppler...
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MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF A FLOOD WAVE PROPAGATION ON THE KACZA RIVER IN GDYNIA IN NORTHERN POLAND
PublikacjaKacza river is located in northern Poland in the neighborhood of the Gulf of Gdansk and the Baltic Sea. A Kacza having length of 15 km and catchment area of 53 km2 collects the water into the Gulf mostly from inhabited and forested areas within the administrative boundaries of the city of Gdynia. On the 14th and 15th of July 2016 in northern Poland on the large area of Tri-City agglomeration (Gdynia, Gdansk and Sopot) total daily...
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Analysis of distance measurement errors in CW FM sonar with MLS code modulation
PublikacjaAlthough used in the classic silent sonar, the CW FM sounding signal has a major flaw which is its inaccuracy in determining the distance to a target. The authors of the article have developed a concept of silent sonar using frequency modulation signals switched by pseudorandom codes, already discussed in their previous work. This article presents a detailed analysis of errors in CW FM sonar with pseudo-random sequence code modulation...
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Measurement of distance, velocity and angle of arrival using FMCW-CW combined waveform
PublikacjaA procedure of tacking small flying object based on a general principle of FMCW and Doppler radar is presented. In order to increase measurement range, this technique uses active signal source on the moving object. For simultaneous measurements of distance, radial velocity and direction (AoA) as well as simplified synchronization a combined FMCW-CW waveform is proposed. The presented measurement system was realized and verified...
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Experimental validation of the rolling resistance measurement method including updated draft standard
PublikacjaThe main objective of ROSANNE is the harmonisation and standardisation of the measurement of skid resistance, noise emission and rolling resistance of road pavements. Regarding rolling resistance characterisation, a draft for standardization of a harmonized procedure for classification of road surfaces across Europe has been prepared within WP3 (deliverable 3.5). The procedure deals with the direct measurement on real roads of...
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The measurement of input power of power supply in network disturbed by low frequency distortions
PublikacjaIn the paper authors present results of observation of input power changes versus harmonics amplitude in supply voltage of low-power power supply device. In the study, the electrical measurements supported with thermal imaging were used. The input circuit elements of studied device responsible for input power increase are pointed
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Methods of measurement signal acquisition from the rotational flow meter for frequency analysis
PublikacjaOne of the simplest and commonly used instruments for measuring the flow of homogeneous substances is the rotational flow meter. The main part of such a device is a rotor (vane or screw) rotating at a speed which is the function of the fluid or gas flow rate. A pulse signal with a frequency proportional to the speed of the rotor is obtained at the sensor output. For measurements in dynamic conditions, a variable interval between...
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Measurement of magnetic signals of vehicles with denoising by matched filtering with FPGA FFT processor
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono realizację systemu do analizy i identyfikacji pojazdów oparty na pomiarze indukcji magnetycznej. Proponowany system może być zastosowany do wykrywania i identyfikacji pojadów zawierających elementy ferromagnetyczne, które zaburzają pole magnetyczne ziemi. Zaburzenie to można zmierzyć przy zastosowaniu trójosiowych magnetometrów transduktorowych, pracującyh w układzie różnicowycm. Zastosowano w systemie...
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Reactivity induced at 25 K by low-energy electron irradiation of condensed NH3-CH3COOD (1:1) mixture
PublikacjaW wyniku bombardowania niskoenergetycznymi elektronami skondensowanej mieszaniny kwasu octowego (CH3COOD) i amoniaku (NH3) następuje synteza najprostszego aminokwasu - glicyny - bez potrzeby dodatkowej aktywacji termicznej. Filmy molekularne przed i po bombardowaniu elektronami były badane techniką HREELS.
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Bioactive monolithic composites of silica/polydimethylsiloxane/calcium phosphate obtained at room temperature in sol–gel micromolding technique
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The Studies on α-Pinene Oxidation over the TS-1. The Influence of the Temperature, Reaction Time, Titanium and Catalyst Content
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The Effects of Temperature on the Quality and Storage Stalibity of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam]) Grown in Central Europe
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Air temperature and location of isobaric surfaces in relation to atmospheric circulation, based on radiosonde data from Legionowo, Poland
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Air-drying temperature changes the content of the phenolic acids and flavonols in white mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves
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Adhesion of AlCrN coating deposited on TiB2/Ti composites sintered by SPS dedicated for high temperature tribological applications
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Cutting forces and temperature measurements in cryogenic assisted turning of AA2024-T351 alloy: An experimentally validated simulation approach
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Impact of humic acids, temperature and stirring on passive extraction of pharmaceuticals from water by trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium dicyanamide
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Highly crystalline colloidal nickel oxide hole transport layer for low-temperature processable perovskite solar cell
PublikacjaHighly crystalline NiOX usually requires high annealing temperature (>300 °C) which is incompatible with flexible substrate and might consume high amount of energy. Herein, we demonstrate a facile emulsion process to synthesize highly crystalline, low temperature deposition (<150 °C) and solution processable NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole transport layer for the perovskite solar cells (PVSCs)....
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Measurements of high-temperature emission spectra of highly irradiated LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N) TL detectors
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Investigation of low-temperature cracking in newly constructed high-modulus asphalt concrete base course of a motorway pavement
PublikacjaThe paper presents the issue of low-temperature transverse cracks which have developed in newly constructed base courses made of high-modulus asphalt concrete mix (HMAC). Numerous transverse cracks developed in the analysed HMAC base during the winter season before the pavement was actually completed, both at the transverse joint locations and in the areas between them. This had not happened so far on such a scale during road construction...
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Analysis of possible application of high-temperature nuclear reactors to contemporary large-output steam power plants on ships
PublikacjaThis paper is aimed at analysis of possible application of helium to cooling high-temperature nuclear reactor to be used for generating steam in contemporary ship steam-turbine power plants of a large output with taking into account in particular variable operational parameters. In the first part of the paper types of contemporary ship power plants are presented. Features of today applied PWR reactors and proposed HTR reactors...
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Modelling of high temperature air/steam gasification of biomassand solid wastes in view of hydrogen-rich gas production
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono zaawansowane technologie produkcji gazu bogatego w wodór z biomasy i odpadów komunalnych. Przeprowadzono badania eksperymentalne na stanowisku pomiarowym wykonanym w skali półprzemysłowej. Otrzymano obiecujące rezultaty podczas zgazowania palet drewnianych gazem o różnej zawartości pary wodnej.
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Temperature, velocity and mean turbulence structure in strongly heated internal gas flows. Comparison of numerical predictions with data
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono symulacje numeryczne przy użyciu szeregu modeli turbulencji celem analizy silnie ogrzewanego przepływu powietrza w pionowych rurach. Obliczenia porównano z danymi eksperymentalnymi. Analizowano modyfikacje pola prędkości, temperatury i turbulencji. W rozpatrywanych warunkach odnotowano silną wrażliwość obliczeń na silnie zmieniające się pole temperatury. Stwierdzono, że analizowane przypadki najlepiej odzwierciedla...
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Method of reconstructing two-dimensional velocity fields on the basis of temperature field values measured with a thermal imaging camera
PublikacjaThis paper describes a novel numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) of the velocity field during natural convective heat transfer from a two-sided, isothermal, heated vertical plate based only on the known temperature field obtained, e.g. with a thermal imaging camera. It has been demonstrated that with a knowledge of temperature distributions, the NRP enables the reconstruction of velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes...
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Evaluation of Temperature Influence on Electrochemical Processes Occurring in a Lithium-Ion Supercapacitor with the Use of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublikacjaIn order to obtain the full impedance characteristics of a lithium-ion capacitor as a function of temperature, the authors proposed the use of dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Impedance tests were carried out under wide range of dynamic temperature changes for lithium-ion supercapacitors. Significant differences in electrochemical processes were observed as a result of working temperature. Moreover, the quality of...
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The Influence of Drying Temperature on Color Change of Hornbeam and Maple Wood Used as Surface and Inner Layers of Wood Composites
PublikacjaThe thermal treatment of wood changes its structure due to the degradation of wood polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), so the physical properties of wood are either improved or degraded. Color changes apply not only to natural wood, but also to such wood composites for which some amount of glue is used in their construction (e.g., plywood, blockboard or laminboard). This article is focused on the analysis of hornbeam...
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Experimental and theoretical study on high-temperature creep of VT6 titanium alloy under multi-axial loading conditions
PublikacjaIn the framework of damage mechanics, we discuss a new mathematical model that describes the kinetics of the stress–strain state and damage accumulation during material degradation by the mechanism of long-term strength under complex multiaxial stress state. An experimental and theoretical technique is proposed for determination of material parameters and scalar constitutive functions for damaged media based on specially set experiments...
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Metallurgical characterization and high-temperature tensile failure of Inconel 617 alloy welded by GTAW and SMAW—a comparative study
PublikacjaTwo types of the weld joint of Inconel 617 alloy were produced using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) processes with ERNiCrCoMo-1 filler metal and ENiCrCoMo-1 electrode, respectively. The weld metal showed the segregation of the principle alloying elements like Mo and Cr along the inter-dendritic spaces, triggering the formation of secondary phases. The microstructure characterization of the...
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Influence of temperature and anion type on thermophysical properties of aqueous solutions of morpholine based amino acid ionic liquids
PublikacjaDensities and sound velocities of aqueous solutions of N-butyl-N-methylmorpholine based amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs), including N-acetyl-L-alanine, N-acetyl-Lvalinate, N-acetyl-L-leucinate, and N-acetyl-L-izoleucinate anions were measured at a temperature from 293.15 to 313.15 K at 5 K intervals and atmospheric pressure. These data were used to calculate the apparent molar volumes and the apparent molar compressibilities in...