Filters
total: 746
filtered: 521
-
Catalog
Chosen catalog filters
Search results for: emission measurement
-
Initial performance evaluation of a high resolution Albira small animal positron emission tomography scanner with monolithic crystals and depth-of-interaction encoding from a user's perspective
Publication -
Emission profile of butan-2-one oxime from commercially available neutral silicone sealant
PublicationThe paper presents results of research on emission profile of butan-2-one oxime (methyl ethyl ketoxime, MEKO) released from two types of commercially available neutral silicone sealants: silicone type ‘S’ and silicone type ‘T’. To determine the emissions from silicone samples, the system consists of a stationary emission chamber, and the thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system was applied. First, the research...
-
Small-scale passive emission chamber for screening studies on monoterpene emission flux from the surface of wood-based indoor elements
PublicationAnalysis of literature data published in the last fewyears leads to the conclusion that in the process of assessment of emission flux of organic compounds emitted from different types of equipment and finishing materials, new types of devices, among which small-scale passive emission chambers for the performance of in-situ research are designed and applied on a larger scale. These devices can be successfully used for the assessment...
-
Modelling long-term technological transition of Polish power system using MARKAL: Emission trade impact
PublicationThe need for technological transition of electricity production becomes a global problem. However, in coal-dominated Polish power system this need is even more crucial than anywhere, since technical lifetime of the most domestic power plants is ending. In this paper, the impact of the EU Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) for CO2 combined with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission trading mechanism on power technology...
-
POSSIBILITY OF ASSESSMENT OF OPERATION OF SLIDING BEARINGS IN PISTON-CRANK MECHANISMS OF DIESEL ENGINES WITH REGARD TO LOAD AND TIME OF CORRECT WORK OF THE BEARINGS BY APPLYING ACOUSTIC EMISSION AS A DIAGNOSTIC SIGNAL
PublicationAbstract: The paper presents a possibility of determining (assessing) operation of sliding bearings with multilayer bushings in crank-piston mechanisms of diesel engines. Properties of load and wear, particularly fatigue and abrasive, are characterized in general. Acoustic emission as a diagnostic signal was proved to be useful for detection of the wear of sliding and barrier layers. Results of measurements of acoustic emission...
-
PHOTON LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF TETRAHYDROFURAN FOLLOWING TRIHYDROGEN CATIONS IMPACT IN THE 20–1000 EV ENERGY RANGE
PublicationPhoton emission arising during tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O, THF) fragmentation initiated by H3 + ion impact has been studied experimentally. Luminescence fragmentation spectra and the relative emission cross-sections of the excited fragments have been measured using collision-induced emission spectroscopy in the 20–1000 eV energy range. The main features in the spectra are the H Balmer series lines, whose intensities decrease with increasing...
-
Clean gas technologies - towards zero-emission repowering of Pomerania.
PublicationThe main aim this work is to show the different thermodynamic cycles which improve efficiency and/or decrease emission like: Cheng cycle, Szewalski cycle, LOTHECO cycle, hybrid pSOFC/GT cycle, inverse Brayton cycle, low-emission cycle and zero-emission cycle. For that purpose, cycles and results of analysis are first studied and, secondly, new concept is presented. The role of coupled analysis 0D and 3D in cycle’s devices is also...
-
Time domain model of the resonance-based electromagnetic pulses emission system
PublicationIn the literature, the emission properties of the electromagnetic field pulse systems based on high voltage antennas (HVR) have been widely described. In order to increase the emission efficiency by extending duration and increasing amplitude of the impulse it is possible to use a resonance system tuned to the parameters of the signal shaped in the pulse forming circuit. The synthesis of a time-domain simulation model of a complex...
-
Does the carbon emissions trading system reduce carbon emissions by promoting two-way FDI in developing countries? Evidence from Chinese listed companies and cities
PublicationHow developing countries can effectively promote cities’ carbon emission reduction through the carbon emission trading system (ETS) is a topic worthy of attention in the global carbon reduction campaign. Policy changes in China's ETS provide a unique opportunity to measure whether ETS impacts carbon emissions through two-way FDI. Hence, this paper employs difference-in-differences (DID) method to test the causal impact of ETS...
-
Rare earth ions doped K 2 Ta 2 O 6 photocatalysts with enhanced UV–vis light activity
PublicationNew rare earth-doped K2Ta2O6 photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. The effect of dopant type (Y,Yb,Ho,Pr,Er) and amount of rare earth precursor (2,4,8 and 10 mol%) on the physicochemical and photocatalytic properties of RE-K2Ta2O6 have been investigated. All as-prepared materials were characterized by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area measurement,...
-
Determination of Mechanical Properties of P91 Steel by Means of Magnetic Barkhausen Emission
PublicationIn this work, an attempt at determination of mechanical properties by means of a method based on magnetic Barkhausen emission measurements was proposed. The specimens made of P91 steel were subjected to creep or plastic flow which were interrupted after a range of selected time periods in order to achieve specimens with an increasing level of strain. Subsequently, measurements of magnetic Barkhausen emission were carried out, and...
-
High Frequency Conducted Emission in AC Motor Drives Fed By Frequency Converters: Sources and Propagation Paths
PublicationProvides a concise and thorough reference for designing electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives Electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives are being increasingly used in present-day automation applications. They are considered by many application engineers as one of the most interfering components, especially in a contemporarily faced industrial environment. This book fills...
-
Real-time monitoring of the emission of volatile organic compounds from polylactide 3D printing filaments
PublicationEstablishing the emission profile of volatile organic compounds generated during fused deposition modeling 3D printing using polymer filaments is important in terms of both understanding the processes taking place during thermal degradation of thermoplastics, and assessing the user's exposure to potentially harmful volatiles. However, obtaining detailed, real-time qualitative and quantitative results poses a challenge. In this...
-
Estimation of the effectiveness of nbpt for limiting ammonia emission from urea based on the field experiments
PublicationThe efectiveness of the ammonia emission reduction from NBPT-stabilized urea was investigating in 2011 during a field experiment on a grassland plot fertilized with a one-time dose of 60 kgN/ha. The obtained reduction coefficient of ammonia emission equaled 73% and 39-51% relative to erea without the inhibitor and ammonium nitrate, respectively.
-
Boron doped Nanocrystalline Diamond-Carbon Nanospike Hybrid Electron Emission Source
PublicationElectron emission signifies an important mechanism facilitating the enlargement of devices that have modernized large parts of science and technology. Today, the search for innovative electron emission devices for imaging, sensing, electronics, and high-energy physics continues. Integrating two materials with dissimilar electronic properties into a hybrid material is an extremely sought-after synergistic approach envisioning a...
-
Structural and luminescent study of TeO2-BaO-Bi2O3-Ag glass system doped with Eu3+ and Dy3+ for possible color-tunable phosphor application
PublicationTellurite glass systems of 73TeO2-4BaO-3Bi2O3-1Ag:xEu2O3-(2-x)Dy2O3 (where x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 in molar ratio) composition have been successfully synthesized. In order to acquire Ag nanoparticles, materials have been heat treated at 350 °C in the air atmosphere. Structural properties of obtained samples were evaluated with various techniques. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements indicated that obtained materials are amorphous in...
-
Low Frequency Conducted Emissions of Grid Connected Static Converters
PublicationPulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency....
-
High Frequency Harmonics Emission in Smart Grids
PublicationPulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency....
-
Extraction of antenna pattern from near field antenna measurements distorted by undesired emission
PublicationIn this paper authors present experimental correction of antenna pattern obtained from near field measurements when they are distorted by determined electromagnetic emission. Such situation may be met e.g. when feeding or supply subsystem interacts with antenna radiation pattern due to self-emission. Presented results of experiments show effectiveness of extraction of antenna pattern utilizing near field antenna measurements.
-
Analysis and assessment of the acoustic emission suitability for determination of the energy states of a tribological system in the form of a four-ball tester friction node
PublicationThe present operating safety and cost reduction requirements of the compression ignition engines make it necessary to search for new methods of detecting their defects, e.g. by the analysis of acoustic emission signals coming from the slide bearings. The paper presents non-destructive measurements of acoustic emission (AE) in order to obtain information on the processes taking place in a tribological system under the continuously...
-
Isostructural zinc and cadmium silanethiolates with bridging biimidazole co-ligands – Enhanced luminescence of zinc complex
PublicationTwo dinuclear complexes of zinc and cadmium with silanethiolate and bridging biimidazole ligands are characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, UV–Vis and emission spectroscopies. The complexes 1 (Zn) and 2 (Cd) are isostructural but exhibit different electronic structures and different character of frontier HOMO orbitals as indicated by DFT calculations. Lluminescence studies prove strong emission properties of zinc complex.
-
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in bottom sediments: Identification of sources
PublicationPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can enter the environment from various sources. They are synthetic chemicals and as such are present in the environment mainly as mixtures containing various amounts of PCB congeners. It is therefore difficult to pinpoint the source of PCB emissions into the environment and the pathways along which they migrate there. The situation is different where locating the emission sources of polycyclic aromatic...
-
COMPARISON OF NOISE EMISSION OF HCT AND CLASSIC VEHICLE COMBINATIONS FOR TIMBER TRANSPORTATION IN SWEDEN
PublicationBy means of a special simulation tool, the noise emission of a high-capacity heavy vehicle (11 axles) was compared to that of a classic heavy vehicle (a truck-dolly-semitrailer with 8 axles). The two cases are designated “Extended vehicle” versus “Classic vehicle” in this study, having total lengths of 34 and 25 m, respectively. The Classic vehicle represents the most common articulated heavy vehicle configuration for transport...
-
Reverberation chamber in emc tests of naval systems
PublicationPaper covers the techniques of emission and immunity testing to the electromagnetic field in reverberation chamber. The procedure of he chamber calibration and field homogeneity assessment were covered. The naval forces' product as selected as an example for discussing the testing procedure in the chamber. The paper's summary gives the assortment of methodology in radiation emission testing and immunity to the electromagnetic field...
-
Screening evaluation of the quality of commercially available cigars, cigarillos, and bidis based on emission levels of selected terpenes and terpenoids
PublicationThe aim of the research was to verify the use of the solvent-free, non-destructive and easy to operate analytical method to study and compare the emissions of 16 representatives of terpenes and terpenoids from commercially available cigars, cigarillos and bidis − a potential screening analysis for the quality of combustible tobacco products. To assess the amount of organic compounds emitted to the gaseous phase from investigated...
-
Recent progress in ultra-low formaldehyde emitting adhesive systems and formaldehyde scavengers in wood-based panels: a review
PublicationTraditional wood-based panels are produced with synthetic, formaldehyde-based adhesives, commonly made from fossil-derived constituents, such as urea, phenol, melamine, etc. Along with their numerous advantages, such as chemical versatility, high reactivity and excellent adhesive performance, these adhesives are characterized by certain problems, connected with the hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mostly free formaldehyde...
-
Automatic Analysis System of TV Commercial Emission Level
PublicationThe purpose of the study was to determine whether the commercial emission level is higher than the emission level of a regular program and to check if the commercials broadcasters follow the recommended levels of loudness. The paper shortly reviews some chosen methods of volume measurements specified in the ITU and EBU recommendations. Then, it describes a prototype of a system implemented in Embarcadero C++ Builder 2010 which...
-
A study on microcrack monitoring in concrete: discrete element method simulations of acoustic emission for non-destructive diagnostics
PublicationThe research is focused on the monitoring of fracture evolution in concrete beams under three-point bending using the acoustic emission technique and the discrete element method. The main objective of the study was to numerically and experimentally investigate the mechanism behind the generation of elastic waves during acoustic emission events and their interaction with micro- and macro-cracking in concrete beams under monotonic...
-
Real-time monitoring of volatiles and particles emitted from thermoplastic filaments during 3D printing
PublicationPresentation on the use of instrumental analytical techniques for the assessment of emission of volatiles and particulates during fdm 3d printing.
-
The Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine with Extreme Throttled of Air or Exhaust Ducts
PublicationPresented paper shows the results of the laboratory tests on the relationship between the extreme throttling of both air intake duct and exhaust gas duct and gaseous emission from the marine engine. The object of research is a laboratory, 4-stroke, DI diesel engine, operated at loads from 50 kW to 250 kW at a constant speed equal to 750 rpm. During the laboratory tests the thermodynamic and exhaust gas emission characteristics...
-
Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission of Rhodamine 110 Aggregates in a Silica Nanolayer
PublicationFirst analysis of strong directional surface plasmon-coupled emission(SPCE) of ground-state formed intermolecular aggregates of Rhodamine 110 (R110) insilica nanofilms deposited on silver nanolayers is reported. Until now, the processes ofenergy transport and its trapping due to aggregate formation have not been studied in the presence of SPCE. A new approach to multicomponent systems with weakly and strongly fluorescent centers...
-
A Noded Carbon Emission Tool (NCET) to Measure Embodied Carbon (EC) in Compositional Cementitious Materials
PublicationThe ever evolving modern construction industry is now producing the highest levels of carbon content adversely affecting the construction associated environment. Although, the impact of carbon induced emission is quite large, but still not enough measurable standards and tools to scale these emission are available. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a Grasshopper based definition to calculate the embodied...
-
BODIPY‐Perylene Charge Transfer Compounds; Sensitizers for Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Up‐conversion
PublicationBODIPY heterochromophores, asymmetrically substituted with perylene and/or iodine at the 2 and 6 positions were prepared and investigated as sensitizers for triplet-triplet annihilation up conversion (TTA-UC). Single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses show that the torsion angle between BODIPY and perylene units lie between 73.54 and 74.51, though they are not orthogonal. Both compounds show intense, charge transfer absorption...
-
Chemical hazard in glacial melt? The glacial system as a secondary source of POPs (in the Northern Hemisphere). A systematic review
PublicationToxicity of compounds belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) iswidely known, and their re-emission from glaciers has been conclusively demonstrated. However, the harmful effects associated with such secondary emissions have yet to be thoroughly understood, especially in the spatial and temporal context, as the existing literature has a clear sampling biaswith the best recognition of sites in the European Alps. In this...
-
From structure to luminescence investigation of oxyfluoride transparent glasses and glass-ceramics doped with Eu3+/Dy3+ ions
PublicationGlasses and glass-ceramics with nominal composition 73 TeO2– 4BaO– 3Bi2O3–18SrF2-2RE2O3 (where RE = Eu, Dy) have been synthesized by conventional melt-quenching technique and subsequent heat treatment at 370 °C for 24 h in air atmosphere. Various Eu3+ to Dy3+ molar ratio have been applied to investigate luminescence properties in both glass and glass-ceramic matrices. Especially, white light emission through simultaneous excitation...
-
Secondary emission influenced fluorescence decay of a homogeneous fluorophore solution
PublicationAn analytical expression is found allowing the calculation of the secondary emission influenced fluorescence decay of a homogeneous fluorophore solution. Before starting the calculation one has to know the shape of the primary fluorescence decay of the fluorophore and the value of the parameter kappa denoting the ratio of the secondary to primary steady-state fluorescence intensities. The method elaborated by Budo and Ketskemety...
-
Clean energy in the European Union: Transition or evolution?
PublicationIn this paper, we analyse two phenomena. First, the relationship between greenhouse gases emission and effectiveness of the European Union energy policies and second the transition from the fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. We run two-step data analysis concerning 25 European Union member states in the period from 1990 to 2018. We use information on greenhouse gases emission, introduction of new energy policies, source...
-
Release Kinetics Studies of Early-Stage Volatile Secondary Oxidation Products of Rapeseed Oil Emitted during the Deep-Frying Process
PublicationThe research concerns the use of proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer to track real-time emissions of volatile secondary oxidation products released from rapeseed oil as a result of deep-frying of potato cubes. Therefore, it was possible to observe a sudden increase of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions caused by immersion of the food, accompanied by a sudden release of steam from a potato cube and a decrease of the...
-
MARKAL LONG-TERM POWER GENERATION SCENARIOS FOR POLAND: INCREASING THE SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BY 2040
PublicationIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspectives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In addition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade were...
-
Monitoring of underdeck corrosion by using acoustic emission method
PublicationThis paper presents first short characteristics of underdeck corrosion process as well as a problem of its monitoring. Next is described an acoustic emission (AE) method elaborated by Department of Ship Technology , Quality Systems and Material Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology in cooperation with partners of CORFAT project realized within 7th EU Frame Program . Further are presented short characteristics of the emission...
-
An adaptive approach to non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of cast irons containing precipitated graphite particles with the help of magnetoacoustic emission
PublicationPhysical properties of cast irons strongly depend on both their microstructure and the presence of casting defects. The paper analyses the possibility of application of magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) for nondestructive detection of flawed cast iron components. The investigated samples containing dross, chunky graphite and lamellar graphite were compared with the reference, flawless, spheroidal cast iron sample. The optimisation...
-
Airborne wear particle emission from train brake friction materials with different contents of steel and copper fibres
PublicationThis study investigated the influence of the amount of steel and copper fibres in a train brake friction material on the tribological performance, emission intensity and characteristics of airborne wear particles. The particles were generated on a pin-on-disc tribometer under controlled friction and environmental conditions. It was found that the steel fibre results in a more intensive emission of 0.3–10 μm particles compared to...
-
The miniaturised emission chamber system and home-made passive flux sampler studies of monoaromatic hydrocarbons emissions from selected commercially-available floor coverings
PublicationThe estimation of the emission rate of organic compounds released from various types of indoor materials can be performed using stationary environmental test chambers (ETC) classified as ex-situ methods or small-scale portable analytical devices based on the use of passive technique at the stage of analytes sampling from the gaseous phase (in-situ methods). The paper presents results of emissions of selected organic compounds from...
-
Investigations of the Working Process in a Dual-Fuel Low-Emission Combustion Chamber for an FPSO Gas Turbine Engine
PublicationThis investigation is devoted to an analysis of the working process in a dual-fuel low-emission combustion chamber for a floating vessel’s gas turbine. The low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with partial pre-mixing of fuel and air inside the outer and inner radial-axial swirlers was chosen as the object of research. When modelling processes in a dual-flow low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, a generalized method...
-
A Study on Emission of Airborne Wear Particles from Car Brake Friction Pairs
PublicationThe emission of airborne wear particles from friction material / cast iron pairs used in car brakes was investigated, paying special attention to the influence of temperature. Five low-metallic materials and one non-asbestos organic material were tested using a pin-on-disc machine. The machine was placed in a sealed chamber to allow airborne particle collection. The concentration and size distribution of 0.0056 to 10 μm particles...
-
MARKAL long-term power generation scenarios for Poland: Increasing the share of renewable energy sources by 2040
PublicationIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspec-tives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In ad-dition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade...
-
Optical Spectroscopic Studies of Tetrahydrofuran Fragmentation Induced by Collisions with Dihydrogen Cations
PublicationCollisions of dihydrogen cations with tetrahydrofuran molecules have been studied. Luminescence spectra and the emission functions of the excited products at projectile energies ranging from 8 to 1000 eV have been measured using collision-induced emission spectroscopy. The recorded spectra are dominated by the atomic lines of the hydrogen Balmer series, whose intensities decrease more quickly than derived by the quantum-theoretical...
-
Thermodynamic Analysis of Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Aspen Hysys, and Ebsilon Software
PublicationAbstract: The article presents results of thermodynamic analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical models of a negative CO2 emission power plant. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant allows the production of electricity using gasified sewage sludge as a main fuel. The negative emission can be achieved by the use this type of fuel which is already a “zeroemissive” energy source. Together with carbon capture...
-
O 1s excitation and ionization processes in the CO2 molecule studied via detection of low-energy fluorescence emission
PublicationOxygen 1s excitation and ionization processes in the CO2 molecule have been studied with dispersed and non-dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy as well as with the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photon-photoion coincidence technique. The intensity of the neutral O emission line at 845 nm shows particular sensitivity to core-to-Rydberg excitations and core-valence double excitations, while shape resonances are suppressed. In contrast,...
-
Spectroscopic and photophysical properties of ZNTPP in a room temperature ionic liquid
PublicationThe steady-state absorption and emission spectra and the time-resolved Soret- and Q-band excited fluorescence profiles of the model metalloporphyrin, ZnTPP, have been measured in a highly purified sample of the common room temperature ionic liquid, [bmim][PF(6)]. S(2)-S(0) emission resulting from Soret-band excitation behaves in a manner completely consistent with that of molecular solvents of the same polarizability. The ionic...