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Search results for: protection of the marine environment
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Constituents of organic alkalinity in pore water of marine sediments
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Web-based GIS as a tool for supporting marine research
PublicationZbieranie danych morskich podczas badań hydroakustycznych jest złożonym zadaniem, na które składają się nie tylko pomiary, ale także analiza, weryfikacja i interpretacja informacji uzyskanych przez różne czujniki. Automatyczna integracja, wizualizacja i przetwarzanie zgromadzonych danych pozwala na bardziej precyzyjne rozpoznanie badanych zjawisk. W pracy przedstawiono dedykowany sieciowy system syntezy i rozpowszechniania danych...
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Remarks on the Subject of Back-Up Protection of Residual Current Devices
PublicationResidual current devices without integral overcurrent protection (RCCBs) are back-up protected by fuses or miniature circuit-breakers (MCBs). If the latter are used, special attention must be given to the coordination between an RCCB and an MCB. This paper indicates probable cases of the aforementioned devices coordination, in which back-up protection of the RCCB is not adequate. A laboratory test has shown that depending on the...
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Regeneration of marine engine valves using laser surfacing
PublicationThis article presents an analysis of the applicability of laser surfacing of the exhaust valve face of a marine diesel engine using cobalt-based powder. After preparation by machining, the selected valves were subjected to laser surfacing using a high-power ROFIN DL020 laser. The EuTroLoy 16012 powder was used in the surfacing process. One of the valves was cut and subjected to metallographic examination and hardness measurements,...
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The role of isolated farmsteads in the open landscape protection on the example of Kashubia
PublicationAs a result of the social and economic transformation of rural areas, open landscapes are disappearing. Former farmsteads are being devastated or beginning to lose their landscape context due to the spread of residential building development. At the same time, in many places, the farmstead form is clearly legible and remains an element with which the view is structured and enriched. The article was aimed at drawing attention to...
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The thermal effort during marine steam turbine flooding with water
PublicationThe work discussed an extreme case of cooling a steam turbine. The ship's steam turbine was used as an example. In marine transport units with low-speed engines dominate, however, there are also units with steam turbines. An example of analysed marine steam turbine is shown in Fig. 1. When considering the issue of cooling steam turbines, it is necessary to estimate the extreme conditions that may occur during operation of the turbine....
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PROBLEMS WITH CORROSION PROTECTION STEEL STACKS IN FGD SYSTEMS
PublicationThis paper presents problems associated with corrosion of steel stacks and changes in philosophy of corrosion protection when implemented into flue gas desulphurization systems. In-situ tests were taken by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at a stack which discharges flue gas before wet lime/limestone desulphurization. A very rapid soaking of spherical infill vinylester coating with electrolyte has been observed....
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Failures and a concept of corrosion protection system for spiral classifiers at KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant
PublicationThe Ore Concentration Plant, where the process of flotation is carried out as well as the final production of copper concentrate, plays a key role in the entire production line of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Majority of operations related to the run-of-mine preparation to copper flotation enrichment are carried out in a water environment. The maintaining of production process continuity requires to pursue minimisation of many production...
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Multimodal Surveillance Based Personal Protection System
PublicationA novel, multimodal approach for automatic detection of abduction of a protected individual, employing dedicated personal protection device and a city monitoring system is proposed and overviewed. The solution is based on combining four modalities (signals coming from: Bluetooth, fixed and PTZ cameras, thermal camera, acoustic sensors). The Bluetooth signal is used continuously to monitor the protected person presence, and in case...
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Application of RCD and AFDD in low-voltage electrical installations for protection against fire
PublicationThe paper presents the principles of application of residual current devices (RCDs) in protection against fire. The permissible rated residual operating current of RCDs is discussed. Limitations in the operation of RCDs in this type of protection are indicated. A new type of a protective device against fire – arc fault detection device (AFDD) – is described.
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METHOD TO EXTEND OPERATIONABILITY OF WEB-GIS BASED MARINE SERVICES USING SSE PLATFORM
PublicationEarth Observation (EO) products are widely used by geospatial society. Over the last years a number of new applications of satellite imagery were proposed. This led to an increased interest in EO products, not only from researchers but also from companies and individuals. The authors constitute the essential part of the team that created the marine, web-GIS system - SafeCity GIS - for dissemination of data obtained from a 1.5...
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Analysis of the macrostructure of the fuel spray atomized with marine engine injector
PublicationOne of the main problem influencing the combustion process in the cylinder of the marine engine is an fuel spray phenomena. The parameters describing the shape of the fuel spray are named macro parameters. This article presents the research results of the macrostructure parameters of the fuel spray atomized with the marine engine injector. The research were carried out by optical visualization measurement method of Mie scattering....
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Modeling Parallel Applications in the MERPSYS Environment
PublicationThe chapter presents how to model parallel computational applications for which simulation of execution in a large-scale parallel or distributed environment is performed within the MERPSYS environment. Specifically, it is shown what approaches can be adopted to model key paradigms often used for parallel applications: master-slave, geometric parallelism (single program multiple data), pipelined and divide-and-conquer applications....
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Research on the effect of low-sulphur marine fuels on the dynamic characteristics of a CI engine
PublicationThe implementation of low-sulphur, so-called modified marine fuels into operation requires prior labora- tory engine tests to assess the energy, emission and structural effects of their usage. This type of research are carried out on the test bed of a diesel engine as a small-scale physical model that reproduces the adequate design and process (parametric) features of a full-size marine engine. Their key stage is to determine the energy...
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Protective Zone of an Industrial Plant as a Tool for Environmental Protection
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Classifying the transformation products (TPs) of emerging contaminants (ECs) for prioritizing research into their impact on the environment and human health
PublicationOne of the first books to cover transformation products, rather than primary compounds, Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment gathers, specifies, synthesizes, and advances existing knowledge of the most important transformation product (TPs) of the main groups of emerging contaminants with potential concern to human health and the environment. This two-volume set for researchers and professionals covers...
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Cyanides in the environment—analysis—problems and challenges
PublicationCyanide toxicity and their environmental impact are well known. Nevertheless, they are still used in the mining, galvanic and chemical industries. As a result of industrial activities, cyanides are released in various forms to all elements of the environment. In a natural environment, cyanide exists as cyanogenic glycosides in plants seeds. Too much consumption can cause unpleasant side effects. However, environmental tobacco smoke...
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Problems of Selecting Protection for Shunt Reactors Working in Extra-High Voltage Grids
PublicationThis paper presents difficulties encountered when designing protection devices for shunt reactors connected directly to extra-high voltage grids. Using the example of the 400 kV Ełk Bis substation, it has been demonstrated that protection of a shunt reactor based on equipment using measurements of electrical signals from voltage and current transformers has its limitations and, in some cases, may be insufficient.
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Path planning algorithm for ship collisions avoidance in environment with changing strategy of dynamic obstacles
PublicationIn this paper a path planning algorithm for the ship collision avoidance is presented. Tested algorithm is used to determine close to optimal ship paths taking into account changing strategy of dynamic obstacles. For this purpose a path planning problem is defined. A specific structure of the individual path and fitness function is presented. Principle of operation of evolutionary algorithm and based on it dedicated application...
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ENERGY AND EMISSION QUALITY RANKING OF NEWLY PRODUCED LOW-SULPHUR MARINE FUEL
PublicationThe article describes the methodology of engine tests on new types of low-sulphur marine fuels in laboratory conditions in order to conduct a comprehensive assessment of their suitability for powering full-size marine engines. The innovativeness of the proposed solution consists of adapting the laboratory Diesel Engine Test Bed to carry out experimental tests using residual and alternative fuels so that it is possible to imitate...
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The parallel environment for endoscopic image analysis
PublicationThe jPVM-oriented environment to support high performance computing required for the Endoscopy Recommender System (ERS) is defined. SPMD model of image matching is considered and its two implementations are proposed: Lexicographical Searching Algorithm (LSA) and Gradient Serching Algorithm (GSA). Three classes of experiments are considered and the relative degree of similarity and execution time of each algorithm are analysed....
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Characteristics of Propagation Conditions in the Container Terminal Environment
PublicationIn the paper a characteristics of propagation conditions in the container terminal environment is presented. The investigated environment is characterized on the example of Gdansk Deepwater Container Terminal in Poland. An empirical propagation model for path loss calculation in mobile radio links in a container terminal environment is presented.
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Fire Protection and Materials Flammability Control by Artificial Intelligence
PublicationFire safety has become a major challenge of materials developers because of the massive production of organic materials, often combustibles, and their use for different purposes. In this sense, fire safety is critically considered in the development of engineering materials [1, 2]. The multiplicity of parameters contributing to the development of formulation of flame-retardant materials from one side and the sustainability concerns...
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KASKADA Platform in Cloud Environment
PublicationKASKADA is a computing platform for developing and running services and applications oriented to multimedia processing and data streaming. A solution for serving the platform in the PaaS model is presented. The paper briefly describes the software for creating the private cloud environment based on the OpenStack software. The coud has been deployed to a supercomputer working in C2 NIWA at the Gdansk University of technology. This...
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The sources of contamination and reasons of damage of the flow part of the marine turbine engine in operation
PublicationThe aim of this paperis to show particular sensitivity of the flow part of the marine turbine engine to the presence of contaminations in the intake air. The contaminations form hard-to-remove deposits in the intervene channels that result in a reduced efficiency and performance of the engine. The paper classifies the contaminants according the source of their formation and their destructive force. The performed analyses and syntheses...
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Marine Fuel Sulphur Limit Impact on Air Pollution
PublicationThe article presents calculation of Sulphur oxides percentage drop rate in marine industry recorded after 01.01.2020 when new limits, provided by International Maritime Organizations legislation, became effective. Ships’ SOx global emission was estimated and compared between 4th quarter 2019 and 1st quarter 2020. For more accurate estimation 3 seaside cities with big harbors were selected for statistical analysis. Noticeable...
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Bacterial aerosols in a municipal landfill environment
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Stochastic approach to the dynamics of marine floating object
PublicationAnalizowany jest ruch jednostki pływającej z uwzględnieniem w równaniach stochastycznych nieliniowości, występującej w wymuszeniach zewnętrznych działających na obiekt. Stochastyczne równania różniczkowe są zapisane dla sprzężonych ruchów symetrycznych.
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Evaluation of organic coating systems for corrosion protection of industrial equipment using impedance spectroscopy
PublicationThe high economic impact of corrosion can be reduced by enhanced corrosion management and prevention based on appropriate means. This applies in particular to the protection of structures with organic protective coatings. Steel is subject to corrosion that reduces its service life and leads to destruction in most severe cases. The application of paints to metallic objects for corrosion control has been known for a long time and...
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A new model of fuel spray shape at early stage of injection in a marine Diesel engine
PublicationIn the cylinders of a marine diesel engine, self-ignition occurs in very shortly time after the fuel injection into the combustion chamber. Therefore, the paper present was to develop a model of diesel fuel spray for the early stage of fuel spray for in marine diesel engine. There were taken into consideration the main aspects technical such as nozzle diameter of marine engine injector and backpressure in combustion chamber. In...
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Architectural and Urban Planning Solutions for the Protection of Heritage Buildings in the Context of Terrorist Attacks: Following the Example of Passive Protection Systems
PublicationEvents in recent years showing numerous terrorist attacks raise awareness regarding the neces-sity of considering the safety of heritage buildings. The analysis of available data allows us to conclude that it is not possible to fully prevent terrorist attacks. On the other hand, it is possible to minimize the impact of such incidents through proper design of Passive Protection System (PPS) components. One possible architectural...
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Experiments with the Universal Constructor in the DigiHive Environment
PublicationThe paper discusses the performance and limitations of the universal constructor embedded in the DigiHive environment and presents the result of two simulation experiments showing the possibility of workaround the limitations.
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Herbarium of Division of Marine Biology and Ecology as the Primary Basis for Conservation Status Assessments in the Gulf of Gdańsk
PublicationThe dataset titled Herbarium of Division of Marine Biology and Ecology University of Gdańsk (DMBE) is a research herbarium encompassing specimens of vascular plants and algae hosted by the Laboratory of Marine Plant Ecology at the University of Gdańsk, Poland. The aim of Herbarium is to preserve marine plant and algae collections mostly from the Gulf of Gdańsk, but the herbarium also holds specimens from other parts of the world.
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Trophic Transfer of Mercury in a Temperate Marine Food Web, Southern Baltic Sea
PublicationMercury (Hg) is considered to be one of the most dangerous global environmental pollutants. The toxicity and bioavailabilityof Hg depend on its chemical form, and the greatest hazard is posed by the organomercurial compounds. Hg is introduced into the human body primarily through the consumption of fish and seafood. Despite numerous studies on Hg in marine organisms, there is still a gap in the knowledge on Hg uptake and...
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Treatment Wetlands in Rural Areas of Poland for Baltic Sea Protection
PublicationWater and wastewater management, especially in rural areas, greatly affects loads of nutrients discharged to the Baltic Sea. In Poland, this management is unbalanced because of the dispersed development and in many locations construction of sewerage system is uneconomic or even impossible. For this reason, a significant part of sewage from single-family houses in rural areas must be discharged into domestic sewage systems. The...
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Modernized cathodic protection system for legs of the production rig – Evaluation during ten years of service
PublicationThe modernization of cathodic protection system of the Baltic Beta platform legs is described. It was that the sacrificial anodes cone-shaped groups were to be placed on the seabed at a depth of 80 m. The measurements results of cathodic protection effectiveness during its ten-years operation are presented. The effectiveness was assessed based on the potential value along the entire length of the legs from the sea surface to the...
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The sensitivity of bacteria to heavy metals in presence of mineral ship motor oil in coastal marine sediments and waters.
PublicationThe sensitivity of bacteria, isolated from coastal marine sediments and waters of Sopot beach, Gdańsk Bay (Poland), to heavy metals in the presence of mineral ship motor oil were studied. All isolated heterotrophic bacteria were resistant to the 0.1 mM lead concentration occurring in the environment. Metal resistance of bacteria isolated from coastal water was strongly related to mineral ship motor oil concentration. At 0.1% mineral...
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Marine and Cosmic Inspirations for AI Algorithms
PublicationArtificial Intelligence (AI) is a scientific area that currently sees an enormous growth. Various new algorithms and methods are developed and many of them meets practical, successful applications. Authors of new algorithms draw different inspirations. Probably the most common one is the nature. For example, Artificial Neural Networks were inspired by the structure of human brain and nervous system while the classic Genetic Algorithm...
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Gaze tracking in multi-display environment
PublicationThis paper presents the basic ideas of eye and gaze tracking in multiple-display environment. The algorithm for display detection and identification is described as well as the rules for gaze interaction in multi display environment. The core of the method is to use special LED markers and eye and scene tracking glasses. Scene tracking camera registers markers position which is then represented as a cloud of points. Analyzing the...
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THE COST ANALYSIS OF CORROSION PROTECTION SOLUTIONS FOR STEEL COMPONENTS IN TERMS OF THE OBJECT LIFE CYCLE COST
PublicationSteel materials, due to their numerous advantages - high availability, easiness of processing and possibility of almost any shaping are commonly applied in construction for carrying out basic carrier systems and auxiliary structures. However, the major disadvantage of this material is its high corrosion susceptibility, which depends strictly on the local conditions of the facility and the applied type of corrosion protection system....
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Effect of the Road Environment on Road Safety in Poland
PublicationRun-off-road accidents tend to be very severe because when a vehicle leaves the road, it will often crash into a solid obstacle (tree, pole, supports, front wall of a culvert, barrier). A statistical analysis of the data shows that Poland's main roadside hazard is trees and the severity of vehicles striking a tree in a run-off-road crash. The risks are particularly high in north-west Poland with many of the roads lined up with...
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Facial data registration facility for biometric protection of electronic documents
PublicationIn modern world, information is crucial, and its leakage may lead to serious losses. Documents as the main medium of information must be therefore highly protected. Nowadays, the most common way of protecting data is using passwords, however it seems inconvenient to type complex passwords, when it is needed many times a day. For that reason a significant research has been conducted on biometric authentication...
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Failure analysis of the exhaust valve face in diesel marine engine
PublicationThe exhaust valve from marine diesel engine which was damaged after 2000 hours of service was investigated. In order to prolong the service time the valve face was cladded with cobalt base alloy using laser technique. After failure microstructural and chemical analyses reviled that cladding process was conducted improperly. The chemical composition of the clad layer was far from the designed one and what more completely inhomogeneous....
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Deterioration and Protection of Concrete Elements Embedded in Contaminated Soil: A Review
PublicationCoating materials are considered one of the most antique materials of human civilization; they have been used for decoration and the protection of surfaces for millennia. Concrete structures—due to their permanent exposure to different types of environments and contaminants—require the use of coatings that contribute to its preservation by reducing the corrosion of its components (steel and aggregates). This article intends to...
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A sense of security and freedom in a residential environment
PublicationThe article is based on the results of a survey carried out among students of architecture faculties in several countries, which examined the students’ knowledge of shaping the housing environment in such a way as to enable them to fulfil two basic and, at the same time, seemingly mutually exclusive psychological needs of a person: a sense of security and a sense of freedom. In examining these issues, particular emphasis was placed...
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EXHAUST TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS OF THE MARINE TURBOCHARGED DIESEL ENGINES IN OPERATION
PublicationThe article presents the selected metrology issues concerning the exhaust temperature of the turbocharged marine engines during operation. The special concern has been paid on existing disturbances as well as thermodynamical interpretation of the recorded measurement signal. A diagnostic informativeness of the standard exhaust temperature’s measurements has worked out while the engine runs in steady states has been also considered...
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Possibilities of heat transfer augmentation in heat exchangers with minichannels for marine applications
PublicationIn the paper, new trends in development of microchannel heat exchangers are presented. The exchangers developed in this way can be applied in marine applications. Main attention was focused on heat exchangers design with reduced size of passages namely based on microchannels. In our opinion future development of high power heat exchangers will be based on networks micro heat exchangers.
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Alternative diagnostic method applied on marine diesel engines having limited monitoring susceptibility
PublicationThe paper presents a method of technical state evaluation of working spaces of a marine diesel engine at the limited control susceptibility. The method foresees making a diagnosis of the engine's working spaces on the basis of measurements of the exhaust gas pressure in the channels connecting engine cylinders with the turbocharger's turbine. Diagnostic measurements are carried out at representative (comparative) steady loads depending...
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Alternative diagnostic method applied on marine diesel engines having limited monitoring susceptibility
PublicationThe paper presents a method of technical state evaluation of working spaces of a marine diesel engine at the limited control susceptibility. The method foresees making a diagnosis of the engine's working spaces on the basis of measurements of the exhaust gas pressure in the channels connecting engine cylinders with the turbocharger's turbine. Diagnostic measurements are carried out at representative (comparative) steady loads depending...
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Protection of Earthing Reactor Connected to the Star Point of a High Voltage Shunt Reactor
PublicationThe article presents the problem of protection of earthing reactors connected to the star point of shunt reactors in high voltage lines, with particular regard to the detection of internal faults. Model analyses for an actual system commissioned in 2015, which is intended to be provided with earthing reactors, are included.