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Search results for: QUALITY OF TRANSMISSION
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Transmission Quality Measurements in DAB+ Broadcast System
PublicationIn the age of digital media, delivering broadcast content to customers at an acceptable level of quality is one of the most challenging tasks. The most important factor is the efficient use of available resources, including bandwidth. An appropriate way of managing the digital multiplex is essential for both the economic and technical issues. In this paper we describe transmission quality measurements in the DAB+ broadcast system....
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Research on Quality Requirements of Data Transmission Services in RSMAD
PublicationThe paper presents a results and analysis of research of the quality of service requirements (defined by the QoS attributes) for imaging data transmission services using Radio System for Monitoring and Acquisition of Data from Traffic Enforcement Cameras (in short RSMAD). The paper also presents and discusses results of test on the impact of the size of photos from traffic enforcement cameras on the average transmission time. These...
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Transmission Quality in MC-CDMA Radio Interface with Turbo Codes
PublicationMulti-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access techiques is a combination of two radio access techniques: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Orthogonal Frequency-called Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and has the advantages of both techniques. The paper presents the design of transmitter and receiver for MC-CDMA radio interface and the simulation results of the transmission quality in AWGN channel.
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Narrowband Transmission Quality in Presence of Modified IEEE 802.15.4a UWB Signal
PublicationThis paper presents results of measurement of narrowband transmission quality in presence of impulse radio UWB interference. In the first part of paper, unmodified IEEE 802.15.4a IR UWB signal is used. Then some modification of transmitted pulse sequence is proposed, which allow to reduce UWB power spectral density at frequency of narrowband transmission. Finally narrowband transmission quality in presence of modified ultrawideband...
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Narrowband Transmission Quality in Presence of Modified IEEE 802.15.4a UWB Signal
PublicationThis paper presents results of measurement of narrowband transmission quality in presence of impulse radio UWB interference. In the first part of paper, unmodified IEEE 802.15.4a IR UWB signal is used. Then some modification of transmitted pulse sequence is proposed, which allow to reduce UWB power spectral density at frequency of narrowbandtransmission. Finally narrowband transmission quality in presence of modified ultrawideband...
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Quality Analysis of Audio-Video Transmission in an OFDM-Based Communication System
PublicationApplication of a reliable audio-video communication system, brings many advantages. With the spoken word we can exchange ideas, provide descriptive information, as well as aid to another person. With the availability of visual information one can monitor the surrounding, working environment, etc. As the amount of available bandwidth continues to shrink, researchers focus on novel types of transmission. Currently, orthogonal frequency...
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Narrowband Transmission Quality in Presence of Modified IEEE 802.15.4a UWB Signal
PublicationPublikacja przedstawia opis stanowiska laboratoryjnego użytego do badania wpływu zakłóceń impulsowych na jakość odbioru sygnałów wąskopasmowych. Przedstawione zostały przykładowe wyniki pomiaru jakości transmisji wąskopasmowych wraz z wykazaniem, że modyfikacja widma zakłócającego sygnału IR UWB powoduje poprawę jakości odbioru sygnałów wąskopasmowych.
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Estimation of transmission quality in cellular systems based on indicators measured by the radio module
PublicationThe article presents a measurement stand for testing transmission quality in cellular systems such as LTE, NB-IoT, UMTS and GSM. The results of BLER and throughput measurements for various propagation conditions as well as results of quality indicators appropriate for mentioned technologies measured by commercial radio module are presented. Those measurements were utilized to analyze the possibility of estimating the transmission...
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Narrowband Transmission Quality in Presence of Modified IEEE 802.15.4a Impulse Radio Interference
PublicationThis paper presents results of measurement of narrowband transmission quality in presence of impulse radio UWB interference. IEEE 802.15.4a UWB signal is being used as interferer, also with frame structure modifications which lead to change spectrum of the interference. Equations and coefficients which allow to calculate ratio between power of useful and interference signal are also presented.
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Quality Evaluation of Voice Transmission Using BPL Communication System in MV Mine Cable Network
PublicationThis article presents results of a quality evaluation study, considering voice transmission in a 6 kV medium voltage cable network using the BPL (Broadband over Power Line) communication system. The tests are carried out under real mining conditions for the selected power cable without voltage, earthed at both sides. Such a method of monitoring work conditions is of great importance, especially during a disaster. Power cables are...
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Quality Evaluation of Speech Transmission via Two-way BPL-PLC Voice Communication System in an Underground Mine
PublicationIn order to design a stable and reliable voice communication system, it is essential to know how many resources are necessary for conveying quality content. These parameters may include objective quality of service (QoS) metrics, such as: available bandwidth, bit error rate (BER), delay, latency as well as subjective quality of experience (QoE) related to user expectations. QoE is expressed as clarity of speech and the ability...
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Study on transmission quality in cellular 4G and 5G networks between 2019–2021: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of provided services by operating base transceiver stations
PublicationThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly limited user mobility, not least among students. Remote learning had a particular impact on resource allocation in relation to using terrestrial cellular networks, especially 4G systems in urban agglomerations. This paper presents the results of a quality evaluation of an outdoor environment, carried out between 2019 and 2021 on the campus of a technical university. Annual studies are conducted...
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Cooperative Data Transmission in Wireless Vehicular Networks
PublicationThe paper presents issues related to the cooperative transmission in wireless vehicular networks. Cooperative transmission involves the use of mobile terminals as relay stations to improve the transmission quality, improve network performance and reduce energy consumption. The paper presents the methods used to implement cooperative transmission and the types of cooperative networks.
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Attempt to a Video-Transmission Capability in MV Mine Cable Network Using BPL-PLC Technology
PublicationThis article presents and discusses the attempt to transmit video content using the BPL-PLC (Broadband over Power Line - Power Line Communication) technology. It includes simulation results of a specially developed digital transmitter and receiver, dedicated to a given predefined 6 kV mining power cable. The effect of two different transmission modes (2-7 MHz and 3-7.5 MHz) and two types of coupling (capacitive-inductive and induction-inductive),...
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Static Shunt PE Voltage-Quality Controllers
PublicationThis chapter focuses on power electronics (PE)-based solutions used in distribution networks for reduction of supply-voltage-quality deterioration, from long interruptions to the harmonics. Various PE devices and their combinations are addressed for particular or a range of voltage disturbances. A particular solution is applied taking into account demands for voltage quality and network configuration. In general, there are three...
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Application of Diversity Combining with RLS Adaptive Filtering in Data Transmission in a Hydroacoustic Channel
PublicationWhen transmitting data in a hydroacoustic channel under difficult propagation conditions, one of the problems is intersymbol interference (ISI) caused mainly by the effect of multipath propagation. This phenomenon leads to a decrease in transmission parameters, and sometimes completely prevents it. Therefore, we have made an attempt to use diversity combining with Recursive Least Squares (RLS) adaptive filtering to improve the...
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Digital Audio Broadcasting or Webcasting: A Network Quality Perspective
PublicationIn recent years, many alternative technologies of delivering audio content have emerged, with different advantages and disadvantages. In this paper pros and cons of digital audio broadcasting and webcasting transmission techniques in a network quality perspective are described. A case study of user expectations with respect to currently available services is analyzed, and the perceived quality of real digital broadcasted and webcasted...
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Performance Measurements of Real Time Video Transmission from Car Patrol
PublicationThe HSUPA technology application to video streaming from moving vehicle to the central server is presented in the paper. A dedicated software for transmission control in case of non public IP address is employed. Quality of video streaming in urban area was measured. Several car routes were investigated in the area of the Polish Tricity. Measurements pointed out that the real time streaming quality during vehicle movement is sufficient...
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Subjective and Objective Quality Evaluation Study of BPL -PLC Wired Medium
PublicationThis paper presents results of research on the effectiveness of bi-directional voice transmission in a 6 kV mine cable network using BPL-PLC (Broadband over Power Line - Power Line Communication) technology. It concerns both emergency cable state (supply outage with cable shorted at both ends) and loaded with distorted current waveforms. The narrowband (0.5 MHz–15 MHz) and broadband (two different modes, frequency range of 3 MHz–7.5...
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A Method for Underwater Wireless Data Transmission in a Hydroacoustic Channel under NLOS Conditions
PublicationWireless data transmission in the hydroacoustic channel under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation conditions, for example, during a wreck penetration, is difficult to implement reliably. This is mostly due to the multipath propagation, which causes a reduction in the quality of data reception. Therefore, in this work an attempt has been made to develop a reliable method of wireless underwater communication test it under the NLOS...
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Subjective Quality Evaluation of Underground BPL-PLC Voice Communication System
PublicationDesigning a reliable voice transmission system is not a trivial task. Wired media, thanks to their resistance to mechanical damage, seem an ideal solution. The BPL-PLC (Broadband over Power Line – Power Line Communication) cable is resilient to electricity stoppage and partial damage of phase conductors. It maintains continuity of transmission in case of an emergency situation, including paramedic rescue operations. These features...
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Subjective Quality Evaluation of Speech Signals Transmitted via BPL-PLC Wired System
PublicationThe broadband over power line – power line communication (BPL-PLC) cable is resistant to electricity stoppage and partial damage of phase conductors. It maintains continuity of transmission in case of an emergency. These features make it an ideal solution for delivering data, e.g. in an underground mine environment, especially clear and easily understandable voice messages. This paper describes a subjective quality evaluation of...
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Study of QoS Parameters Measurement Methodology and Requirements in RSMAD
PublicationThe paper presents the results of analysis and research of the quality of service requirements (defined by the QoS parameters) for data transmission services in Radio System for Monitoring and Acquisition of Data from Traffic Enforcement Cameras (in short: RSMAD). The paper also presents and discusses the results of test of impact of the size of images from traffic enforcement cameras (TECs) on the average transmission time. Moreover,...
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Testbed analysis of video and VoIP transsmission performance in IEEE 802.11 b/g/n networks
PublicationThe aim of the work is to analyze capabilities and limitations of different implementations of IEEE 802.11 technologies (IEEE 802.11 b/g/n), utilized for both video streaming and VoIP calls directed to mobile devices. Our preliminary research showed that results obtained with currently popular simulation tools can be drastically different than these possible in real-world environment, so, in order to correctly evaluate performance...
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Study on Speech Transmission under Varying QoS Parameters in a OFDM Communication System
PublicationAlthough there has been an outbreak of multiple multimedia platforms worldwide, speech communication is still the most essential and important type of service. With the spoken word we can exchange ideas, provide descriptive information, as well as aid to another person. As the amount of available bandwidth continues to shrink, researchers focus on novel types of transmission, based most often on multi-valued modulations, multiple...
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Performance analysis of data transmission in MC-CDMA radio interface with turbo codes
PublicationMulti-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) technique is a combination of two radio access techniques: CDMA and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and has the advantages of both techniques. The paper presents the design of transmitter and receiver for MC-CDMA radio interface. It also presents encoders and decoders of turbo codes which were used in simulation of the MC-CDMA technique. Two turbo codes with 8-state...
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Overview of cooperative communication methods
PublicationThe paper presents issues related to the cooperative communication in wireless networks. Cooperative com-munication involves the use of mobile terminals as relay stations to improve the transmission quality, improve network performance and reduce energy consumption. It is also possible to use several different data transmission standards. The paper presents the methods used to implement cooperative communication. The types of cooperative...
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Reduction of the Multipath Propagation Effect in a Hydroacoustic Channel Using Filtration in Cepstrum
PublicationDuring data transmission in a hydroacoustic channel, one of the problems is the multipath propagation effect, which leads to a decrease in the transmission parameters and sometimes completely prevents it. Therefore, we have attempted to develop a method, which is based on a recorded hydroacoustic signal, that allows us to recreate the original (generated) signal by eliminating the multipath effect. In our method, we use cepstral...
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Study Analysis of Transmission Efficiency in DAB+ Broadcasting System
PublicationDAB+ is a very innovative and universal multimedia broadcasting system. Thanks to its updated multimedia technologies and metadata options, digital radio keeps pace with changing consumer expectations and the impact of media convergence. Broadcasting analog and digital radio services does vary, concerning devices on both transmitting and receiving side, as well as content processing mechanisms. However, the biggest difference is...
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The silver layers in fiber-optic sensors
PublicationIn this paper a method of application of the silver layers on the surface of an optical fiber was proposed. The optical properties and surface quality of the silver layer was examined by optical microscopy. The reflection and transmission of the sample were investigated. To evaluate the silver mirror it was placed in a fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer and the quality of the spectra was analyzed. The commercial mirror was...
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Comparison of Doppler Effect Estimation Methods for MFSK Transmission in Multipath Hydroacoustic Channel
PublicationUnderwater wireless communication remains a challenging topic, particularly for applications such as wreck penetration where multipath and Doppler effects are very intense. These effects are becoming even more difficult to mitigate for fast data transmission systems that utilize wideband signals. Due to the low propagation speed of acoustic wave in the water, there is a significant difference between the Doppler shift for lower...
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Real-Time connection Between Immerse 3D Vizualization Laboratory and Kaskada Platform
PublicationMultimedia stream processing into two cooperative different systems (cluster platform and virtual lab) is considered. The considered selected information about the systems is presented and the idea of its communication when executing the distributed application is proposed. A general schema of the communication architecture is given. Tests of data transmission quality are considered and their results are presented.
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An assessment of teeth quality of the mini gang saw blade
PublicationIn this work, the assessment of the effect of the operating time (90 min.) of the mini gang saw blades during sawing Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples upon changes of the saw blade teeth sharpness (bluntness), which was defined as an effective radius of the nose ρ , has been described. The research activities have been carried out on the Nikon Ti-S optical microscope equipped with the Nikon DS-30W camera allowing high-speed...
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Concept of Compatibility Region for the Evaluation of IR UWB Electromagnetic Compatibility
PublicationThis paper presents a new proposal for the unified evaluation of ultra wideband and narrowband radio communication systems electromagnetic compatibility, called “compatibility region”. The idea of compatibility region is based on the relation between the ratio of narrowband to ultra wideband signal power in a receiver and some transmission quality indicators (bit error rate, effective data rate).
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A Novel Method for Intelligibility Assessment of Nonlinearly Processed Speech in Spaces Characterized by Long Reverberation Times
PublicationObjective assessment of speech intelligibility is a complex task that requires taking into account a number of factors such as different perception of each speech sub-bands by the human hearing sense or different physical properties of each frequency band of a speech signal. Currently, the state-of-the-art method used for assessing the quality of speech transmission is the speech transmission index (STI). It is a standardized way...
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Audio Content and Crowdsourcing: A Subjective Quality Evaluation of Radio Programs Streamed Online
PublicationRadio broadcasting has been present in our lives for over 100 years. The transmission of speech and music signals accompanies us from an early age. Broadcasts provide the latest information from home and abroad. They also shape musical tastes and allow many artists to share their creativity. Modern distribution involves transmission over a number of terrestrial systems. The most popular are analog FM (Frequency Modulation) and...
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Comparison of the Efficiency of Turbo Codes with Mechanisms of Reducing the Number of Iterations
PublicationThe paper presents the construction of encoders and decoders turbo codes with different number of states. Simulation results of the transmission quality of the turbo codes were presented. Decoders for turbo codes have worked with a fixed number of iterations and with the mechanisms reducing the number of iterations. Data were transmitted in Outdoor to Indoor & Pedestrian B environment for data rate 384 kbps. The SOVA algorithm...
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Analiza wpływu transmisji danych na jakość działania rozproszonych systemów sterowania
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z transmisją danych w rozproszonych systemach sterowania. Opisano cechy charakterystyczne przemysłowych sieci i protokołów informatycznych. Utworzono model rozproszonego systemu sterowania poziomem cieczy w zbiorniku, w którym komunikacja oparta została na protokole Modbus RTU. Na podstawie zmian parametrów transmisji danych wykazano, że poprawna komunikacja pomiędzy elementami systemu...
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Zero-Pole Electromagnetic Optimization
PublicationA fast technique for the full-wave optimization of transmission or reflection properties of general linear timeinvariant high-frequency components is proposed. The method is based on the zeros and poles of the rational function representing the scattering parameters of the device being designed and it is the generalization of the technique developed for the design by optimization of microwave filters. The performance of the proposed...
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Performance Analysis of Multicast Video Streaming in IEEE 802.11 b/g/n Testbed Environment
PublicationThe aim of the work is to analyse capabilities and limitations of different IEEE 802.11 technologies (IEEE 802.11 b/g/n), utilized for both multicast and unicast video streaming transmissions directed to mobile devices. Our preliminary research showed that results obtained with currently popular simulation tools can be drastically different than these possible in real-world environment, so, in order to correctly evaluate performance...
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Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Technique for Underwater Acoustic Communication System
PublicationThe performance of an underwater acoustic communication (UAC) system is limited due to tough propagation conditions in the UAC channel. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique can improve the reliability of the data transmission system, increase its speed, increase its range, and reduce the energy consumption. The paper presents an implementation method of MIMO technique in the form of coding the Space-Time Block Code and...
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A new approach to design of weather disruption-tolerant wireless mesh networks
PublicationWireless Mesh Networks, offering transmission rates of 1–10 Gb/s per a millimeter-wave link (utilizing the 71–86 GHz band) seem to be a promising alternative to fiber optic backbone metropolitan area networks because of significantly lower costs of deployment and maintenance. However, despite providing high transmission rates in good weather conditions, high-frequency wireless links are very susceptible to weather disruptions....
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Facile synthesis and characterization of graphene and N-doped graphene by CVD method from liquid precursors for promising electrode materials
PublicationIn this study, high-quality and few-layered graphene was synthesized using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method from liquid sources. Two different liquid carbon sources, pyridine, and benzene, were used and deposited on nickel foam under heat conditions using a bubbler in a quartz tube. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis confirmed the crystalline properties of graphene and N-doped graphene, demonstrating the high...
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Diagnostic Models and Estimators for LDI in Transmission Pipelines
PublicationThis article considers and compares four analytical models of the pipeline flow process for leak detection and location tasks. The synthesis of these models is briefly outlined. Next, the methodology for generating data and diagnosing pipes is described, as well as experimental settings, assumptions and implemented scenarios. Finally, the quality of model-based diagnostic estimators has been evaluated for their bias, standard deviations...
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NetBaltic System-Heterogenous Wireless Network for Maritime Communications
PublicationIn case of maritime communications, we observe a growing interest in deployment of multitask satellite-based solutions and development of new maritime-specific systems intended for improvements in safety of e-navigation. Analysis of different types of currently used maritime communication systems leads, however, to a conclusion that neither global and still very expensive satellite systems nor cheaper, but short-ranged transmission...
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Study of the atomic structure and morphology of the Pt3Co nanocatalyst
PublicationThe local structure and chemical disorder of a commercially available Pt3Co nanocatalyst supported on high surface area carbon were investigated. High-quality XAFS spectra were collected at the ELETTRA synchrotron XAFS 11.1 beamline. XAFS spectra analysis have been performed accounting for the reduction of the coordination number and degeneracy of three-body configurations, resulting from transmission electron microscopy (TEM)...
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High-Power Jamming Attack Mitigation Techniques in Spectrally-Spatially Flexible Optical Networks
PublicationThis work presents efficient connection provisioning techniques mitigating high-power jamming attacks in spectrally-spatially flexible optical networks (SS-FONs) utilizing multicore fibers. High-power jamming attacks are modeled based on their impact on the lightpaths’ quality of transmission (QoT) through inter-core crosstalk. Based on a desired threshold on a lightpath’s QoT, the modulation format used, the length of the path,...
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Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions
PublicationAg-based plasmonic nanostructures were manufactured by thermal annealing of thin metallic films. Structure and morphology were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SEM images show that the formation of nanostructures is influenced by the initial layer thickness as well as the...
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Comparative Analysis of Reactive Power Compensation Devices in a Real Electric Substation
PublicationA constant worldwide growing load stress over a power system compelled the practice of a reactive power injection to ensure an efficient power network. For this purpose, multiple technologies exist in the knowledge market out of which this paper emphasizes the usage of the flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) and presents a comparative study of the static var compensator (SVC) with the static synchronous compensator...
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Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets using nanofibers from methane and biogas thermal decomposition with various catalysts
PublicationReduced graphene oxide and graphene oxide (rGO, GO) were synthesised from carbon nanofibers, which were formed in catalytic thermal decomposition of methane (CDM) and biogas with different catalysts used in the process. The aim of the work was valorization of CDM carbon nanofiber products. The samples were characterized using Raman spectra, a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. As a result, we observe...
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Imaging polarimeter with high-accuracy measuring principles in crystal optics
PublicationAn imaging polarimeter based on the principles of high-accuracy polarimetry well known in crystal optics is proposed. The application of scientific digital cameras for performance light measurements leads to precise data on polarizers quality, i.e., maps of extinction ratio and transmission axis. Processing of numerous images, acquired at various settings in the polarizer-sample-analyser system, allows to determine the two-dimensional...
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Inverse Modeling and Optimization of CSRR-based Microwave Sensors for Industrial Applications
PublicationDesign optimization of multivariable resonators is a challenging topic in the area of microwave sensors for industrial applications. This paper proposes a novel methodology for rapid re-design and parameter tuning of complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). Our approach involves inverse surrogate models established using pre-optimized resonator data as well as analytical correction techniques to enable rapid adjustment of geometry...
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Estymacja parametrów kanału NB-IoT w łączu w dół.
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy doboru metody estymacji parametrów kanału, odpowiedniej do zastosowania w terminalu wąskopasmowego Internetu Rzeczy. Przedstawiono strukturę sygnału pilotowego NRS, używanego do wyznaczenia współczynników kanału w LTE-NB. Zaproponowano cztery warianty metody wyznaczenia współczynników kanału dla całej ramki transmisyjnej. Dokonano oceny tych wariantów w oparciu o dwa wskaźniki jakościowe skojarzone z błędem odtworzonych...
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Thermal dewetting as a method of surface modification of the gold thin films for surface plasmon resonance based sensor applications
PublicationHere, we report a quick and simple approach with low, optimized production costs to obtain surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensors fabricated through a time- and resource-effective method based on thermal dewetting of thin Au films. From the applicative point of view, the method of detection presented here should be easier to implement, since light transmission measurements seem to be much less challenging than light refractive...
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Radar technique in application of interlayer identification connections
PublicationOne of important issues in pavement construction is to ensure that layers applied directly one on top of the other make up a continuous whole and form an integral construction complex. An appropriate interlayer connection plays here significant role ensuring proper transmission of distortions generated by wheels of vehicles to lower layers and preventing water penetration between the layers. In case of damaged pavements where lack...
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Architecture Design of a Networked Music Performance Platform for a Chamber Choir
PublicationThis paper describes an architecture design process for Networked Music Performance (NMP) platform for medium-sized conducted music ensembles, based on remote rehearsals of Academic Choir of Gdańsk University of Technology. The issues of real-time remote communication, in-person music performance, and NMP are described. Three iterative steps defining and extending the architecture of the NMP platform with additional features to...
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A hybrid-mesh solution for coverage issues in WiMAX metropolitan area networks.
PublicationThe new WiMAX technology offers several advantages over the currently available (GSM or UMTS-based) solutions. It is a cost effective, evolving, and robust technology providing quality of service guarantees, high reliability, wide coverage and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission capabilities. All these features make it particularly suitable for densely populated urban environments. In this paper we discuss the design and implementation...
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Od modelu biznesu przedsiębiorstwa do modelu biznesu organizacji publicznej
PublicationZadowolenie obywateli z jakości życia jest związane z poziomem zaspokajania ich potrzeb, wśród których występuje możliwość korzystania z dóbr publicznych. Wiąże się to z dostępem do usług publicznych. Gospodarzami w zakresie świadczenia tych usług są organizacji publiczne. Zatem z rozumowania logicznego wynika, że wzrost zadowolenia mieszkańców może nastąpić wówczas, gdy podniesie się dostępność i poziom jakości usług publicznych....
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Proposition of the methodology for Data Acquisition, Analysis and Visualization in support of Industry 4.0
PublicationIndustry 4.0 offers a comprehensive, interlinked, and holistic approach to manufacturing. It connects physical with digital and allows for better collaboration and access across departments, partners, vendors, product, and people. Consequently, it involves complex designing of highly specialized state of the art technologies. Thus, companies face formidable challenges in the adoption of these new technologies....
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Detection of debonding in reinforced concrete beams using ultrasonic transmission tomography and hybrid ray tracing technique
PublicationThis paper concerns inspection of reinforced concrete elements, with particular emphasis on assessing the quality of the adhesive connection between steel and concrete. A novel theoretical model was developed to determine the paths of transmitted, refracted and reflected elastic waves as well as a creeping wave propagated along the inclusion surface. Imaging the internal structure of tested beams was based on wave propagation measurements...
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Screen-printed Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic dye removal from wastewater: A technological perspective
PublicationTiO2 is widely used as a photocatalyst with a wide band gap, which limited its application. Ion doping and formulating a high-quality screen-printing paste enhance its features. However, the printability of objects for advanced application seems essential nowadays. In this research, the Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared through a sol-gel method followed by calcination at various temperatures of 450 °C, 550 °C, 650 °C, 750...
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Digital Transformation of Terrestrial Radio: An Analysis of Simulcasted Broadcasts in FM and DAB+ for a Smart and Successful Switchover
PublicationThe process of digitizing radio is far from over. It is an important interdisciplinary aspect, involving Big Data and AI (Artificial Intelligence) when it comes to classifying and handling content, and an organizational challenge in the Industry 4.0 concept. There exist several methods for delivering audio signals, including terrestrial broadcasting and internet streaming. Among them, the DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting plus)...
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BPL-PLC Voice Communication System for the Oil and Mining Industry
PublicationApplication of a high-efficiency voice communication systems based on broadband over power line-power line communication (BPL-PLC) technology in medium voltage networks, including hazardous areas (like the oil and mining industry), as a redundant mean of wired communication (apart from traditional fiber optics and electrical wires) can be beneficial. Due to the possibility of utilizing existing electrical infrastructure, it can...
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Modeling of medium flow processes in transportation pipelines - the synthesis of their state-space models and the analysis of the mathematical properties of the models for leak detection purposes
PublicationThe dissertation concerns the issue of modeling the pipeline flow process under incompressible and isothermal conditions, with a target application to the leak detection and isolation systems. First, an introduction to the model-based process diagnostics is provided, where its basic terminology, tools, and methods are described. In the following chapter, a review of the state of the art in the field of leak detection and isolation...
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COMPARISION OF TWO WIND FARMS CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS USING F-AHP METHODP
PublicationReferat przedstawia porównanie projektów dwóch farm wiatrowych. Częścią referatu jest opis kryteriów, które muszą zostać uwzględnione w trakcie analizy porównawczej projektów budowy FW. Tego typu analiza znajduje zastosowanie w przypadku zakupu projektów inwestycyjnych będących w fazie przygotowania. Spowodowane jest to koniecznością uwzględnienia wymogów określonych w ustawodawstwie polskim...
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Energy efficient indoor localisation for narrowband internet of things
PublicationThere are an increasing number of Narrow Band IoT devices being manufactured as the technology behind them develops quickly. The high co-channel interference and signal attenuation was seen in edge Narrow Band IoT devices make it challenging to guarantee the service quality of these devices. To maximize the data rate fairness of Narrow Band IoT devices, a multi-dimensional indoor localization model is devised, consisting of...
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Highly antifouling polymer-nanoparticle-nanoparticle/polymer hybrid membranes
PublicationWe introduce highly antifouling Polymer-Nanoparticle-Nanoparticle/Polymer (PNNP) hybrid membranes as multi-functional materials for versatile purification of wastewater. Nitrogen-rich polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized halloysite nanotube (HNT-SiO2-PEI) nanoparticles were developed and embedded in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes for protein and dye filtration. Bulk and surface characteristics of the resulting HNT-SiO2-PEI...
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Mathematical Modelling of Drive System with an Elastic Coupling Based on Formal Analogy between the Transmission Shaft and the Electric Transmission Line
PublicationIn the paper, the kinematic structure of the transmission shaft between the driving motor and the working mechanism is studied. The analysis is based on electrical and mechanical similarities. The equivalent circuits, typical for electrical systems, are defined for the transmission shaft concerned. Modelling of the transmission shaft based on a formal analogy between the transmission shaft and the electric transmission line is...
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Earth wires currents calculation by tableau analysis
PublicationThe paper presents a new method to compute a phase-to-earth fault current distribution in overhead transmission line. The method is based on the tableau analysis of an unbalanced, multi-wire model of a transmission line. It allows for the calculation of current distribution in overhead earth wires along the transmission line. Additionally, it may be used to calculate currents in a tower’s earthing system as well as voltages over...
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Establishment of the Right of Electricity Transmission Easement Through Court Proceedings
PublicationIncluding the amendment of the Civil Code Act on May 30, 2008, issues related to the right of easement of transmission were introduced to it. Such a regulation was necessary in view of the need to define the legal status of transmission facilities, existing and designed on real estate property. The purpose of the study is to analyze issues related to the definition of the spatial extent of the law of transmission easement for power...
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Performance of Coherent Modulation Scheme Used in Acoustic Underwater Communication System
PublicationThe development of an acoustic underwater communication system for shallow waters is still a big scientificand construction challenge. Currently, non-coherent modulations in combination with strong channel coding are used to achieve reliable communication with low rate in such a channel. To obtain transmission with a higher transmission rate, it is required to use coherent modulation. This paper presents the assumptions of such...
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PHYSICAL MODEL OF ENERGY-RELATED PROCESSES IN A ROTATING MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR THE PURPOSES OF DIAGNOSIS OF TRANSMISSION SHAFTS
PublicationIn the present article, selected problems connected with identification of slowly changing energy-related processes accompanying high cyclic fatigue of construction materials of simple mechanical systems, with special consideration of transmission shafts, are mentioned for diagnostic purposes. The article also presents physical models of object and processes that in a simplified way reflect mechanical energy transmission from transmission...
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Power and energy measurement problems in transmission line between Poland-Lithuania
PublicationThe paper discusses problem of power and energy metering in double circuit overhead transmission line. Considerations are based on example of transmission line connecting Polish substation Bis Elk and Lithuanian substation Alytus.
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Cross-border transmission line configuration influence on the electrical power and energy billing process
PublicationIn 2015 a connection between the Polish and Lithuanian power systems become fully operational. The connection consists of a 400 kV double circuit transmission line and a back-to-back HVDC substation located on the Lithuanian side. A magnetic couplings between the circuits of the transmission line cause that during power transmission a different values of active power losses are observed in both circuits. This situation may cause...
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Reliable OFDM Data Transmission with Pilot Tones and Error-Correction Coding in Shallow Underwater Acoustic Channel
PublicationThe performance of Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) systems are strongly related to the specific propagation conditions of the underwater channel. Horizontal, shallow-water channels are characterised by extremely disadvantageous transmission properties, due to strong multipath propagation and refraction phenomena. The paper presents the results of communication tests performed during a shallow, inland-water experiment with...
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Application of OFDM technique to underwater acoustic data transmission
PublicationPerformances of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) digital systems are strongly related to specific transmission properties of the underwater channel. Depending on the characteristics of the channel, an architecture and modulation techniques are usually implemented that are known as reliable solutions for data transmission in difficult radio channels. The OFDM technique seems to be the most promising nowadays. The parameters...
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Measurements of transmission properties of Acoustic Communication Channels
PublicationTough transmission properties of shallow water acoustic channels (SWAC) highly limit the use of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems. An adaptive matching of modulation and signaling schemes to instantaneous channel conditions is needed for reliabledata communications. This creates, however, unique challenges for designers when compared to radio transmission systems. When communication system elements are in move, the...
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Adaptive Method of Raster Images Compression and Examples of Its Applications in the Transport Telematic Systems
PublicationThe paper presents a concept and exemplary application of an adaptive method of compression of raster images which may be applied, i.a. in ITS systems. The described method allows to improve the efficiency of systems belonging to ITS category, which require transmission of large volumes of image data through telecommunications networks. The concept of the adaptive method of compression of raster images described in the paper uses...
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EHV transmission lines wires location on line operation issues - case studies
PublicationTransmission lines towers construction affects the line parameters and influences on its operation in the future. Misguided design of the tower can lead to serious problems such as overvoltages, electric arc extinction difficulties, voltage asymmetry, resonance phenomena or increasing of magnetic field near the line. The paper points out those threats on example of 400 kV double circuit overhead transmission line with shunt reactors....
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Magnetic and capacitive couplings influence on power and energy measurement in double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line
PublicationThe paper discusses influence of magnetic and capacitive couplings on power and energy measurement in case of double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line. There are presented and discussed various factors influencing the power flow among the line‟s circuits. Mathematical model based calculations results are compared to the real transmission line measurements.
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Magnetic and capacitive couplings influence on power losses in double circuit high voltage overhead transmission line
PublicationPurpose – The paper aims to discuss problems of power and energy losses in a double-circuit overhead transmission line. It was observed from energymeters’ readings, that in such a line, active power losses can be measured as “negative”. The “negative” active power losses appear when the active power injected to the circuit is lower than the active power received at the circuit end. The purpose of this paper is to explain this phenomenon. Theoretical...
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Secured wired BPL voice transmission system
PublicationDesigning a secured voice transmission system is not a trivial task. Wired media, thanks to their reliability and resistance to mechanical damage, seem an ideal solution. The BPL (Broadband over Power Line) cable is resistant to electricity stoppage and partial damage of phase conductors, ensuring continuity of transmission in case of an emergency. It seems an appropriate tool for delivering critical data, mostly clear and understandable...
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Case studies of resonance phenomena in high voltage overhead power lines with shunt reactors
PublicationMisguided design of the towers of power transmission lines can lead to serious problems such as voltage asymmetry, overvoltages, electric arc extinction difficulties or resonance – in case of double circuit line with shunt reactors. The paper points out those threats on example of 400 kV double circuit overhead transmission line with shunt reactors.
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The Issues of Reactive Power Compensation in High-voltage Transmission Lines
PublicationThis paper discusses the selection of compensation shunt reactors for a double-circuit 400 kV transmission line using the example of the newly built Elk Bis – Alytus transmission line. The analysis takes into account various conditions of the power system. The published results relate to voltage levels in steady states and during switching processes and short circuits.
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Simulation of Signal Propagation Along Fractional-Order Transmission Lines
PublicationIn this paper, the simulation method of signal propagation along fractional-order (FO) transmission lines is presented. Initially, fractional calculus and the model of FO transmission line are introduced. Then, the algorithm allowing for simulation of the nonmonochromatic wave propagation along FO transmission lines is presented. It employs computations in the frequency domain, i.e., an analytical excitation is transformed to the...
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Topological extraordinary optical transmission
PublicationΤhe incumbent technology for bringing light to the nanoscale, the near-field scanning optical microscope, has notoriously small throughput efficiencies of the order of 10^4-10^5 or less. We report on a broadband, topological, unidirectionally guiding structure, not requiring adiabatic tapering and, in principle, enabling near-perfect (∼100%) optical transmission through an unstructured single arbitrarily subdiffraction slit at...
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LTE and NB-IoT Performance Estimation Based on Indicators Measured by the Radio Module
PublicationMonitoring the operating parameters of power grids is extremely important for their proper functioning as well as for ensuring the security of the entire infrastructure. As the idea of the Internet of Things becomes more ubiquitous, there are tools for monitoring the state of the complex electrical grid and means to control it. There are also developed new measuring devices and transmission technologies allowing for the transfer...
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Analysis of positioning error and its impact on high frequency properties of differential signal coupler
PublicationThis paper presents the analysis of the effect of differential signal coupler positioning accuracy on its high frequency performance parameters for contact-less high speed chip-to-chip data transmission on PCB application. Our considerations are continuation of the previous works on differential signal coupler concept, design methodology and analysis for high speed data transmission monitoring. The theoretical analysis of possible...
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Implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology
PublicationIn the article implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology is presented. A system architecture design including asymmetric framing transmission organization, which differs from the ones used in cellular systems is described. The construction of technological demonstrator consisting of management unit, radio unit and programmable multithreaded software performing...
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Multimedia System for Environmental Noise Monitoring. [Multimedialny System Monitorowania Hałasu Środowiskowego]
PublicationIntroductionNumerous reports relating to noise threats in Poland indicate that they occur commonly. The noise has an enormous impact on the health and life quality of the human beings. Noise pollution in Poland is greater than in others UE countries, moreover it has been increased recently. Taking into account 2002/49/WE directive related to the control and assessment of environmental noise a necessity of monitoring these threats...
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MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF TRANSMISSION LOSSES IN THE SUPPLY SYSTEM OF ELECTRIFIED TRANSPORT
PublicationThe issue of electric energy saving in public transport is currently becoming a key area of interest, a fact connected with both an increase in society’s environmental awareness and a rise in the prices of fuel and electricity. Electricity can be saved by reducing transmission losses in the supply system. The article presents a method of measurement and analysis of transmission losses in the supply system of electrified public transport...
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Implementation of high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology
PublicationIn the article implementation of a high-speed data transmission technological demonstrator using software defined radio technology is presented. A system architecture design including asymmetric framing transmission organization, which differs from the ones used in cellular systems is described. The construction of technological demonstrator consisting of a management unit, radio unit and programmable multi-threaded software performing...
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Transmission parameters of underwater communication channels
PublicationThe underwater environment is tough and demanding as a communication channel for ultrasonic signals. The channel transmission characteristics in marine and inland waters depend much on local bathymetry and changing weather conditions. The architecture and performance of a reliable underwater acoustic communication (UAC) system should allow real-time adaptation of its transmission parameters to a large variety of possible channel...
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A New Coupler Concept for Contactless High-Speed Data Transmission Monitoring
PublicationThis paper presents a new concept of a couplerthat can be applied to high-speed data transmission contactlessmeasurements. The proposed approach is dedicated for differentialsignal transmission monitoring in microstrip coupled lineson printed circuit boards (PCBs). The coupler, produced on aseparate PCB, is overlayed on the transmission line with thedifferential signal and delivers decoupled differential signal tothe main measurement...
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Analysis of Positioning Error and Its Impact on High Frequency Performance Parameters of Differential Signal Coupler of Differential Signal Coupler
PublicationThis paper presents the analysis of the effect of differential signal coupler positioning accuracy on its high frequency performance parameters for contact-less high speed chip-to-chip data transmission on PCB application. Our considerations are continuation of the previous works on differential signal coupler concept, design methodology and analysis for high speed data transmission monitoring presented in [1, 2]. The theoretical...
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Influence of pulse waves on the transmission of near-infrared radiation in outer-head tissue layers.
PublicationIn this study, we investigate the effect of pulse waves on the transmission of near-infrared radiation in the outer tissue layers of the human head. This effect is important in using optical radiation to monitor brain conditions based on measuring the transmission changes in the near-infrared radiation between the source and the detector, placed on the surface of the scalp. This is because the signal related to the changes in the...
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Inline Microstrip Bandpass Filter With Two Transmission Zeros and Increased Order Using Spurious Resonance of Frequency-Dependent Inverter
PublicationA design method for a class of fourth-order inline microstrip bandpass filter with two transmission zeros and 20% fractional bandwidth is presented. The filter consists of two quarter-wavelength transmission-line resonators coupled by a frequency-dependent inverter. The inverter is composed of two open-ended stubs that are connected by an interdigital capacitor and introduces two poles and two transmission zeros in the filter response....
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Hybrid Approach to Networked Control System
PublicationEffcient control of Networked Control System (NCS) is a challenge, as the control methods need to deal with non-deterministic variable delays and data loss. This paper presents a novel hybrid approach to NCS where Model Predictive Control (MPC) is applied as a main controller and implicit switching MPC is used for data transmission control in event-driven shared communication medium, leading to complex control system with active...
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Distributed measurement system with data transmission secured using XXTEA algorithm
PublicationThe paper deals with wireless data transmission security in the distributed measurement and control system. An overview of cryptographic algorithms was presented paying special attention to the algorithm dedicated to units with low processing power, which is important due to minimization of energy consumption. Measurement modules equipped with simple microcontrollers send data wirelessly to the central unit. The transmission was...
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Dimensional Synthesis of Coupled-Resonator Pseudoelliptic Microwave Bandpass Filters with Constant and Dispersive Couplings
PublicationIn this paper, we propose a novel technique for the dimensional synthesis of coupled-resonator pseudoelliptic microwave filters with constant and dispersive couplings. The proposed technique is based on numerical simulations of small structures, involving up to two adjacent resonators, and it accounts for a loading effect from other resonators by replacing them with terminations coupled through appropriately scaled inverters. The...