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Search results for: ROAD INCIDENTS
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Simulation of a linear pneumatic actuator with 63 mm piston diameter, 25 mm piston rod diameter and 25 mm stroke
Open Research DataThe aim of the simulation was to determine the dynamics of linear pneumatic actuators with different sizes and flow properties. The simulation used the actuator dynamics model as described in [1] and the St Venant - Wantzel's mass flow rate model. The simulation experiment was to calculate the pressure changes in both chambers of the actuator as well...
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Rospuda - czy wszędzie budować mosty?
PublicationStreszczenie - SummaryThe article presents the problem of planning transport system in the areas of high natural and landscape values. Bridges and roads crossing valuable areas undergo Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Procedure. This procedure in Poland is often treated only as formal requirement, not as an instrument helping to solve conflicts and to minimise negative environmental and landscape effects. The potential of...
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Western Front of the City Centre of Gdańsk. An Urban Conservation Study
PublicationThe western front of Gdańsk`s city centre is the key fragment of a ring road scheme, which was created at the turn of the 20th century during the great transformation of the city. It was at that time that new streets and squares were delineated on the site of the early modern earthen bastions, which for more than three centuries marked Gdańsk`s border. The new city development was set up in their surroundings. In 1945, Gdańsk was...
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Identification of Kinematic Excitation Function by the Modal Coordinates Estimation of the System's Dynamics
PublicationThe paper presents a method of the kinematic excitation courses’ identification in excitation points, based on the car road test acceleration at different measurement points. For the purpose of the laboratory fatigue life investigation of contemporary complex structures (e.g. cars bodies) and components of these structures (i.e. cars roofs), only a few first vibration modes are usually taken into account. During real life tests...
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Accurate rolling resistance Rolling resistance measurements can be influenced by a number of factors
PublicationTire rolling resistance is one of the most difficult-to-measure parameters of the tire/ pavement interface, especially if road measurements are required. First of all, it is necessary to measure a fairly small force in the system that is heavily loaded by other forces and subjected to many adverse effects causing measurement errors. The second problem is related to the fact that tire rolling resistance depends on many factors,...
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Initial Field Validation of Poroelastic Pavement Made with Crumb Rubber, Mineral Aggregate and Highly Polymer-Modified Bitumen
PublicationTire/road noise in most driving conditions dominates other sources of traffic noise. One of the most efficient ways of reducing tire/road noise is to use the so-called “low noise pavement”. According to numerous studies, at present, poroelastic road pavement that is composed of rubber and mineral aggregate and polyurethane or bituminous binder gives the best noise reduction up to 12 dB. Unfortunately, there are many problems with...
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Simple Millimeter Wave Identification System Based on 60 GHz Van Atta Arrays
PublicationThe paper presents a proof-of-concept of a millimeter-wave identification system based on Van Atta array tags in the 60 GHz band. For interrogation of the tags, a vector network analyzer and a measurement transceiver were employed in alternative test configurations. The design, fabrication and measurements of co- and cross-polarized Van Atta arrays are presented in the paper. They can be treated as simple chipless RFID tags with...
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Hydrogen-enhanced degradation and oxide effects in zirconium alloys for nuclear applications
PublicationThe zirconium alloys used in nuclear industry include mainly ZreSn and ZreNb alloys ofdifferent chemical composition, microstructure and susceptibility to both hydrogendegradation and oxidation. The hypothetic nuclear accidents can create a real danger tothe Zr alloys and stability of parts made of these alloys, and especially such as loss ofcoolant accident (LOCA) and reactivity initiated accidents (RIA). The hydrogen degradationcan...
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Low energy elastic electron scattering from benzonitrile (C6H5CN)
PublicationWe present experimental differential elastic scattering cross sections (DCSs) for low energy electron scattering from benzonitrile along with integral and momentum-transfer cross sections that are determined from these DCSs. The measurements of DCSs are obtained using the relative flow method with helium as the standard gas, in a crossed electron-molecular gas beam arrangement. Our measurements are made at incident electron energies...
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Effects of safety barrier life cycle cost factors - identification and analysis
PublicationThe costs borne by road infrastructure authorities for managing and maintaining road devices such as safety barriers may be very high. This has prompted the need for identifying and analysing in detail all factors that influence the costs of safety barriers throughout their service life. To meet that need, the authors used international experience and field data collected under the LifeRoSE project to define the cost structure...
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Inventory of the existing pavement of sidewalks and roads in the Gdańsk-Oliwa district, with particular emphasis on the location of the "Polanki" market and its direct neighbourhood, stage from 2019 year.
Open Research DataThe document presents short description and a list of paved surfaces (sidewalks and roads) in the Gdańsk-Oliwa district, in the form of tables with a description of the street and materials used. The description consists of 21 tables: one table for each street. The description is mostly supplemented with photographic material. The area of the inventory...
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Analysis of pavement structure sensitivity to passage of oversized heavy duty vehicle in terms of bearing capacity
PublicationOversized heavy duty vehicles occur in traffic very rarely but they reach extremely high weights, even up to 800 tonne. The detrimental impact of these vehicles on pavement structure is much higher than in case of commercial vehicles that comprise typical traffic, thus it is necessary to assess the sensitivity of pavement structure to passage of oversized vehicles. The paper presents results of sample calculations of load equivalency factor...
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Deep Features Class Activation Map for Thermal Face Detection and Tracking
PublicationRecently, capabilities of many computer vision tasks have significantly improved due to advances in Convolutional Neural Networks. In our research, we demonstrate that it can be also used for face detection from low resolution thermal images, acquired with a portable camera. The physical size of the camera used in our research allows for embedding it in a wearable device or indoor remote monitoring solution for elderly and disabled...
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Assessing Highway Travel Time Reliability using Probe Vehicle Data
PublicationProbe vehicle data (also known as “floating car data”) can be used to analyze travel time reliability of an existing road corridor in order to determine where, when, and how often traffic congestion occurs at particular road segments. The aim of the study is to find the best reliability performance measures for assessing congestion frequency and severity based on probe data. Pilot surveys conducted on A2 motorway in Poland confirm...
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Diagnosis of damages in family buildings using neural networks
PublicationThe article concerns a problem of damages in family buildings, which result from traffic-induced vibrations. These vibrations arise from various causes and their size is influenced by many factors. The most important is the type of a road, type and weight of vehicles that run on the road, type and condition of the road surface, the distance from the house to the source of vibrations and many others which should be taken into account....
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Experimental determination of H2 mass stopping powers for low-energy electrons
PublicationWe present experimental mass stopping powers of electrons in gaseous H2 obtained with an electron time- of-flight spectrometer, for the incident electron energy range of 11 to 25 eV. In our procedure, the average energy loss is derived from conversion of the measured electron time-of-flight spectra into equivalent electron energy-loss spectra. Our present results are compared with the only available experimental measurement and...
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Temperature Measurements at Tyre Tread Rubber on Sandpaper Oscillatory Sliding Contacts Using Acicular Grindable Thermocouples
PublicationThe tribological performance of tyre–road contacts depends crucially on the contact temperature. This study investigates the reliability and accuracy of acicular grindable thermocouples possessing an original needle-shaped wearable part as applied to measuring temperature at the oscillatory sliding contact between a rubber tyre tread sample and a sandpaper. A linear oscillatory tribometer is used to imitate the sliding phase of...
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Final report on noise and rolling resistance
PublicationWork Package 6 deals with environmental impacts of PERS use, including noise and rolling resistance. This report covers preliminary noise tests performed in the laboratory and at the road test sites. The obtained results indicate that PERS material reduce noise considerably - up to 12 dB in comparison to SMA16 reference surface. Noise reduction properties are especially visible in the case of factory produced PERS slabs supplied...
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TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS QUALITY
PublicationGlobal warming makes it necessary to reduce energy consumption, which in the case of motor vehicles, is connected, among other things, with reduction of resistive forces acting on a vehicle during its motion. One of the most important components of those forces is rolling resistance, which is very difficult to measure, especially in road conditions. The article deals with issues related to the influence of the thermal state of...
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EuroS@P European Road Safety Partnership
ProjectsProject realized in Department of Transportation Engineering according to 2020-1-PL01-KA203-081964 agreement
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Employing economical methods for pavement defects estimation
PublicationIt is a common practise that measurements of road surface conditions are made using professional and expensive apparatus. Typically a van or a truck equipped with a set of professional sensors i.e. laser scanners of surface is used, therefore the measurement update period is often quite long. Two alternative low-cost methods for estimating road pavement defects and failures were proposed and investigated by the authors. The first...
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Comparison of Tire Rolling Resistance Measuring Methods for Different Surfaces
PublicationThe rolling resistance of car tires is one of the most important parameters characterizing tires today. This resistance has a very significant contribution to the energy consumption of wheeled vehicles. The climate crisis has forced tire and car manufacturers to place great emphasis on the environmental impact of their products. Paradoxically, the development of electric vehicles has led to an even greater importance of rolling...
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E-Voting System Evaluation Based on the Council of Europe Recommendations: nVotes
PublicationE-voting implantation has been facing important challenges in recent years. Several incidents, together with a lack of evaluation methodologies social and cultural customs hinder a broader application. In this work, the authors aim to contribute to a safer introduction of e-voting tools by applying a practical evaluation framework strongly based on the security requirements issued by the Council of Europe (CoE) in 2017 to nvotes,...
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Damage Control in Warships
PublicationAs a result of dynamic quantitative and qualitative developments in the maritime industry its participants face harder and harder challenges pertaining to safety of ships and navigation. Practice has shown that even very well organised fleets are harassed by emergencies and accidents that can be neither predicted nor absolutely avoided. In order to counter the occuring emergencies and accidents, and to minimize their effects damage...
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Isothiocyanates may chemically detoxify mutagenic amines formed in heat processed meat
PublicationMeat consumption represents a dietary risk factor increasing the incidence of common cancers, probably due to carcinogenic amines (HAAs) formed upon meat heating. Interestingly, cancers whose incidence is increased by meat consumption, are decreased in populations consuming brassica vegetables regularly. This inverse correlation is attributed to brassica anticarcinogenic components, especially isothiocyanates (ITCs) that stimulate...
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The sensors-based artificial intelligence Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS) for managing the railway transport fleet
PublicationRailways deliver a safe and sustainable form of transport and are typically pointed as one the safest form of transportation. Nevertheless, train accidents still happen, and when they happen, the consequences concern serious fatalities and injuries. Since every case is unique, the most frequent causes of train accidents are mechanical derailments, failures, as well as human errors and ignorance. In order to mitigate the risks posed...
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Impact of adverse winter weather on traffic flow
PublicationThe paper aims to analyse the impact of adverse weather in winter on traffic flow using data from a dual carriageway section of an express road located in Gdansk. For the purposes of the analysis, traffic and meteorological data were collected for a period of 15 months in 2014-2015 and aggregated to 5 minutes intervals. The impact of winter weather conditions on traffic flow was assessed by comparing aggregated traffic stream parameters...
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Application of autoencoder to traffic noise analysis
PublicationThe aim of an autoencoder neural network is to transform the input data into a lower-dimensional code and then to reconstruct the output from this code representation. Applications of autoencoders to classifying sound events in the road traffic have not been found in the literature. The presented research aims to determine whether such an unsupervised learning method may be used for deploying classification algorithms applied to...
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The use of a two-phase Monte Carlo material model to reflect the dispersion of asphalt concrete fracture parameters
PublicationThe work covers comprehensive laboratory tests of semi-circular bending (SCB) of asphalt concrete samples. The results of two test series, including four and 32 SCB specimens, indicate a substantial scatter of force–deflection (F-d) histories. The numerical analysis is aimed to reflect the maximum breaking load and fracture energy of the samples, pointing out their random character. The original simulation-based fictitious Monte...
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Tyre rolling resistance and its influence on fuel consumption
PublicationRolling resistance of tyres is one of the major resistive forces acting on any wheeled vehicle. Unfortunately, it is also one of the forces very difficult to measure. It is estimated that in certain traffic conditions (like for example constant speed driving with slow or moderate speed) so called Rolling Resistance Impact Factor may be as high as 0.3. This means that reduction of rolling resistance by 50% would lead to 15% of energy...
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The application of the Superpave method of climatic zones analysis in Poland with regard to bitumen performance grading
PublicationCurrently in Poland, similarly as in the other EU countries, road bitumens are tested and classified with regard to mainly the penetration value determined at the tempera-ture of 25C. It should be noted that this classification is not correlated with the cli-matic conditions in which the bitumens are to serve in the road pavement. Towards the end of the last century a new system of bitumen grading was developed and im-plemented...
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On the influence of the acceleration recording time on the calculation of impact severity indexes
PublicationThe paper concerns with the analysis of normative requirements pertaining to experimental setup of a crash test and its numerical modelling. An overview of parameters describing the collision of a vehicle with a road restraining system is presented. A short description of a concrete road safety barrier is presented. A brief description of numerical modelling procedures for crash tests is given as well. The parametric influence...
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Seabed classification using multibeam echosounder
PublicationThe method of seabed identification and classification from multibeam sonar echoes is presented. The proposed approach is based on calculation of a set of parameters of an echo envelope, similarly as in seafloor classification using single beam echosounder. These parameters are extracted for each consecutive beam allowing the estimation of their dependence on the seafloor incident angle. The relation between seabed type and calculated...
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Brushing with additional cleaning restrictions
PublicationIn graph cleaning problems, brushes clean a graph by traversing it subject to certain rules. We consider the process where at each time step, a vertex that has at least as many brushes as incident, contaminated edges, sends brushes down these edges to clean them. Various problems arise, such as determining the minimum number of brushes (called the brush number) that are required to clean the entire graph. Here, we study a new variant...
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Standing Waves in a Rectangular Resonator Containing Acoustically Active Gases
PublicationThe distribution of perturbations of pressure and velocity in a rectangular resonator is considered. A resonator contains a gas where thermodynamic processes take place, such as exothermic chemical reaction or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. These processes make the gas acoustically active under some conditions. We conclude that the incident and reflected compounds of a sound beam do not interact in the...
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Noise Generated by Tyres Designet for Electric Vehicles - Results of Laboratory Experiments
PublicationA few years ago, electric and hybrid vehicles were rarely seen on public roads and were considered more as exotic curiosities or even as a sign of extravagance than a practical means of transport. Nowadays the situation has changes significantly. This was caused both by the technical development and legislative actions, as well as the organizational nature promoting the purchace and use of low emission vehicles. Electric vehicles...
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The role of observatories in the integrated transport safety systems
PublicationAccurate knowledge about the causes, circumstances and place of transport accidents is the prerequisite to take the correct action to improve transport safety. Developing appropriate organizational structures, forms and methods of management and implementation of safety measures in the sectoral approach condition the success. Therefore, the Safety Information System is one of the integral areas of the Integrated Transport Safety...
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Electron collisions with methyl-substituted ethylenes: Cross section measurements and calculations for 2-methyl–2-butene and 2,3-dimethyl–2-butene
PublicationWe report electron-scattering cross sections determined for 2-methyl–2-butene [(H3C)HC==C(CH3)2] and 2,3-dimethyl–2-butene [(H3C)2C=C(CH3)2] molecules. Absolute grand-total cross sections (TCSs) were measured for incident electron energies in the 0.5–300 eV range, using a linear electron-transmission technique. The experimental TCS energy dependences for the both targets appear to be very similar with respect to the shape. In each...
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Antifungal Activity of Capridine β as a Consequence of Its Biotransformation into Metabolite Affecting Yeast Topoisomerase II Activity
PublicationIn the last few years,increasing importance is attached to problems caused by fungal pathogens. Current methods of preventing fungal infections remain unsatisfactory. There are several antifungal compounds whichare highly effective in some cases, however, they have limitations in usage: Nephrotoxicity and other adverse effects. In addition, the frequent use of available fungistatic drugs promotes drug resistance....
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Bridge Ergonomic Design: A Review
PublicationHuman error remains the most common cause of marine incidents and it is worth emphasizing that navigator’s performance is directly affected by ergonomic factors on the bridge. Studies regarding influence of bridge design and work environment on the operator are rare, thus the main purpose of this paper is to fill in this gap. Documents issued by recognized organizations, research publications and additional sources were reviewed...
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Estimating the Cost of Cybersecurity Activities with CAsPeA: A Case Study and Comparative Analysis
PublicationContemporary approaches to the estimation of cybersecurity costs in organisations tend to focus on the cost of incidents or technological investments. However, there are other, less transparent costs related to cybersecurity management that need to be properly recognised in order to get a complete picture. These costs are associated with everyday activities and the time spent by employees on cybersecurity-related actions. Such...
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Decreasing CO2 Emissions By Reducing Tire Rolling Resistance
PublicationThe first motor vehicle was built by Nicolas Cugnot almost 250 years ago and since then there has been a continuous process of motor vehicles’ improvements, as well as development of new road pavements. The fuel crisis of the 70s of the 20th century made it clear to vehicle builders that measures should be taken to reduce vehicle fuel consumption and it contributed to an increased interest in electric vehicles. Although significant...
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Towards a process based management system for oil port infrastructure in context of insurance
PublicationThis article addresses selected methodological aspects of a process based management system based on analysis of hazards and threats and risk evaluation for an oil port infrastructure in context of insurance. The oil port terminal is regarded as important system of the critical infrastructure that require careful system oriented approach to deal with integrated aspects of environmental, safety and security management to reduce...
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Application of Support Vector Machine for Determination of Impact of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Buildings
PublicationThe aim of the article is to present an algorithm of Support Vector Machine created to forecast the impact of traffic-induced vibrations on residential buildings. The method is designed to classify the object into one of two classes. The classification into the first class means that there is no impact of vibrations on the building, while classification to the second class indicates the possible influence and suggests the execution...
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Proposed method for estimating the costs of safety barrier life cycle
PublicationToday barrier types are frequently selected for their price with little regard for the total costs the structure will incur over its lifetime. One of the basic tools designed to manage road infrastructure is the life cycle cost method (LCC, Life cycle cost). It sums up the costs to plan, design, build, operate (use and maintain) and decommission a road structure. Having developed dynamically at the turn of the century the method...
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The effect of tire aging on acoustic performance of CPX reference tires
PublicationReduction of tire/road noise is one of the biggest environmental challenges of road traffic. To reduce that noise it is necessary to perform acoustic measurements on the base of wellproven standard procedures. One method of measurements that is in common use, namely the Close Proximity Method (CPX), is described in standard ISO-DIS 11819-2. As this method is used to classify road surfaces regarding their influence on vehicle noise,...
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