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Faculty Of Electrical And Control Engineering
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Catalog Publications
Year 2024
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Porównanie działania transformatora symetryzującego (zygzak) z aktywnym energoelektronicznym symetryzatorem prądów fazowych linii niskiego napięcia
PublicationNa potrzeby planowania sieci niskiego napięcia operatorzy systemów dystrybucyjnych (OSD) zakładają symetryczne warunki obciążenia linii. Z roku na rok, rośnie liczba rozproszonych systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV) zainstalowanych w sieciach niskiego napięcia, których większość to małe jednofazowe systemy dachowe. Dodatkowo, do niesymetrii obciążenia przyczyniają się instalowane masowo pompy ciepła i ładowane jednofazowo samochody...
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Potencjał wdrożenia rozwiązania DSM dla gospodarstw domowych w Polsce
PublicationPoniższy artykuł prezentuje potencjał realizacji rozwiązania DSM dla odbiorców końcowych jakimi są gospodarstwa domowe. W ramach analizy przeprowadzono proces ankietyzacji oraz przygotowano model ekonometryczny, uwzględniający czynniki wpływające na ilość zaoszczędzonej energii przez gospodarstwa domowe w ramach realizacji rozwiązania DSM. Przeprowadzono także symulację Monte Carlo w celu zaprognozowania potencjalnych efektów realizacji...
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Power control system structure of doubly‐fed induction generator connected to current source converter
PublicationThe power control system structures for a doubly-fed generator (DFIG) are proposed. The classical field oriented control and the feedback control with the multi-scalar variables were considered. The generator is working in the AC grid connection mode. The rotor side of the generator is connected to the current source converter (CSC); the stator is directly related to the AC grid. The static feedback linearization using the multi-scalar...
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Praktyka wykonywania pomiarów instalacji fotowoltaicznych prowadząca do określenia rzeczywistego stanu technicznego
PublicationPraca przedstawia zasady wykonywania pomiarów instalacji fotowoltaicznych wg normy PN-EN 62446-1. Proponowany w normie zakres podstawowy pozwala tylko na ocenę bezpieczeństwa pracy instalacji. Dopiero zakres dodatkowy umożliwia uzyskanie informacji o referencyjnych mocach zainstalowanej elektrowni, jej sprawności, a nawet jednorodności poszczególnych ogniw fotowoltaicznych. Załączone przykłady pomiarów czystych i zabrudzonych paneli...
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Procedury diagnostyczne badania izolacji maszyn elektrycznych
PublicationArtykuł opisuje stosowane w praktyce procedury diagnostyki off-line dla silników elektrycznych niskiego i średniego napięcia. Poza pomiarem rezystancji izolacji do eksploatacji wprowadza się metody impulsowe z dodatkową rejestracją impulsów wyładowań niezupełnych. Analiza odpowiedzi izolacji na oscylacyjne przebiegi napięcia zasadniczo poprawia możliwość wykrywania wewnętrznych uszkodzeń - w tym między zwojowych – w układzie...
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Przekształtnik DC-DC 24V/12kV z transformatorem macierzowym do ładowarek kondensatorów wysokonapięciowych HVCC
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono projekt i wykonanie kompaktowej, przenośnej wysokonapięciowej ładowarki kondensatorów 12kV, 1kJ/s, zasilanej z baterii akumulatorów 24V. Podstawowym wyzwaniem zaprojektowania przekształtnika o tak wysokiej przekładni transformatora jest minimalizacja indukcyjności rozproszenia transformatora, która wpływa na ograniczenie mocy przenoszonej przez transformator, a tym samym uniemożliwia regulację prądu i napięcia...
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Psychophysiological strategies for enhancing performance through imagery – skin conductance level analysis in guided vs. self-produced imagery
PublicationAthletes need to achieve their optimal level of arousal for peak performance. Visualization or mental rehearsal (i.e., Imagery) often helps to obtain an appropriate level of activation, which can be detected by monitoring Skin Conductance Level (SCL). However, different types of imagery could elicit different amount of physiological arousal. Therefore, this study aims: (1) to investigate differences in SCL associated with two instructional...
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Quantifying inconsistencies in the Hamburg Sign Language Notation System
PublicationThe advent of machine learning (ML) has significantly advanced the recognition and translation of sign languages, bridging communication gaps for hearing-impaired communities. At the heart of these technologies is data labeling, crucial for training ML algorithms on a huge amount of consistently labeled data to achieve models that generalize well. The adoption of language-agnostic annotations is essential to connect different sign...
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Reaktory jądrowe
PublicationW rozdziale omówiono budowę i zastosowanie energetycznych oraz badawczych reaktorów jądrowych.
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Research on the Flicker Effect in Modern Light Sources Powered by an Electrical Network
PublicationDisruptions in power quality have a negative impact on many energy consumers. These include lighting, where interference manifests itself, among others, in the form of light flickering. The article presents phenomena accompanying the operation of modern light sources against the background of exemplary results of studies on the flicker of conventional light sources, such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps. The flickering effect...
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Residual current devices in electric vehicles charging installations
PublicationThe main requirements of national regulations and international standards regarding protection against electric shock in electric vehicle charging installations are presented. The principles of using residual current devices (RCDs) in such installations are discussed. It is pointed out that RCDs are mandatory equipment for safe charging of electric vehicles. It is noted that the standards require the use of RCDs having an appropriate...
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Residual current protective device for circuits of distorted earth fault currents – concept, construction and testing
PublicationThis dissertation presents behavioral and performance verification and analysis of residual current devices (RCDs), as well as a proposal for the construction of a new RCD protection. The state of the art focuses over pre-existing design of the RCD and its behavior and response to the circuits with distorted (non-sinusoidal) earth fault currents. The study highlights the loopholes of the existing design and depicts the problem...
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RoboBoat 2024: Technical Design Report SimLE SeaSentinel Team
PublicationThis report discusses the strategy of a SimLE SeaSentinel Team for RoboBoat 2024 and the design of our system. The system consists of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) named ASV Rybitwa, a Ground Segment and a set of procedures that allow us to effectively operate it all. In our work, we try to follow systems engineering principles. For this reason our work during the last ten months consisted of following phases: mission definition...
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Robust asymptotic super twisting sliding mode observer for non-linear uncertain biochemical systems
PublicationThe problem of state estimation (reconstruction of the state vector) for a given class of biochemical systems under uncertain system dynamics has been addressed in this paper. In detail, the bioreactor at a water resource recovery facility represents the considered biochemical systems. The biochemical processes taking place in the bioreactor have been modelled using an activated sludge model. Based on this model, an appropriate...
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Rotor flux and EEMF observer for interior permanent magnet synchronous machine
PublicationIn recent years, the use of the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) in various applications has grown significantly due to numerous benefits. Sensors are used to achieve high efficiency and good dynamic response in IPMSM drives but due to their high cost and reduced overall size of the system, sensorless control techniques are preferred. Non-sinusoidal distribution of rotor flux and slot harmonics are present...
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Rules of Reducing the Effect of Arc Faults Applied in Poland
PublicationArc flashes in HV power systems pose serious electric shock hazard to people and endanger devices and buildings. This problem is discussed in the article. The fire hazard due to arc faults occurring in LV networks is also described. The Polish provisions for reducing the negative consequences of arc flashes are discussed. Attention is drawn to positive results of the risk analysis, which is conducted in accordance with American...
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Selected aspects of the operation of Dual Active Bridge DC/DC converters
PublicationThis review paper discusses the concept of a bidirectional dual active bridge (DAB) DC/DC converter. Practical applications and control methods are explored, and various types of DAB converters are introduced and characterized. Aspects of operation are discussed, and enriched by the results of theoretical analyses, simulations, and experimental measurements of the original authors’ work.
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Single-Phase 15-Level Switched-Capacitor Boost Multilevel Inverter Topology for Renewable Energy Applications
PublicationGalvanic isolation is a vital part of a grid-connected solar PV system. With the growth of multilevel inverters for grid-connected applications, the multilevel inverters having isolation are not sufficiently discussed in the literature. In this paper, a 15-level isolated multilevel inverter topology requiring only thirteen switches is proposed. The envisaged configuration includes two cells, designated as upper and lower cells....
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Single-Phase Dual Ground 7L Inverter Topology with Reduced Component Count and Stress
PublicationIn this article, an improved single-phase dual-ground transformerless inverter topology is proposed. The proposed inverter topology is able to generate a 7L output voltage waveform with a boosting factor of 1.5. The increased voltage gain of the proposed topology does not result in increased voltage stress on the components. The proposed structure requires 8 IGBTs, one diode, and three switched capacitors (SCs) with self-voltage...
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Software Architecture Design of ASV Rybitwa: Development of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle for Dynamic Navigation and Task Execution
PublicationThis paper introduces the software design of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) named ASV Rybitwa. It was designed as an easily transportable platform capable of autonomous navigation and performing tasks during the RoboBoat 2024 competition, with emphasis on its modularity, generality and extendibility. The paper presents a software architecture for a small autonomous surface vehicle using novel tools that provide easy system...
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Sterowanie napięciem pracy kabli eksportowych morskich farm wiatrowych
PublicationReferat przestawia problematykę doboru napięcia pracy kabli eksportowych morskich farm wiatrowych. Wskazano, że praca przy napięciu odbiegającym od napięcia znamionowego kabli może skutecznie ograniczyć straty energii jakie występują w sieci farmy. Zaproponowano uzależnienie napięcia pracy kabla od generowanej przez farmę mocy czynnej, na wzór stosowanych w przeszłości w regulatorach napięcia transformatorów układów kompensacji...
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Synthesis and physical properties of Sm2PdGe3 in a context of RE2PdGe3 family
PublicationIn this study, we present the crystallographic and magnetic characterization of a new intermetallic compound Sm2PdGe3, which was synthetized by a two stage method employing an eutectic alloy. The investigations carried out exhibited, that Sm2PdGe3 crystallize in AlB2-type structure with lattice parameters a = 4.2189(1) Å and c = 4.1031(2) Å. This compound can be classified as a cluster-glass with a spin freezing temperature Tf...
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The Assessment of the Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Originated from the Power Infrastructure on Humans’ Health
PublicationThe objective of this study is to assess the impact of low-frequency electromagnetic fields (LF EMFs) generated by power infrastructure on the nearby environment. Measurements of electric (E) and magnetic (H) field intensities were conducted around high-voltage power lines, transformer stations and facilities related to them. Numerical simulations were also performed to model the distribution of the field values around real buildings...
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The Concept of a Measurement Data Acquisition Platform Based on Compressive Sensing
PublicationThe paper introduces the concept of a modern software-hardware platform for data acquisition and analysis, capable of efficiently handling vast amounts of measurement data in real time with minimal energy consumption. The current methodologies for information acquisition are predicated upon traditional sampling techniques, which frequently yield redundant data necessitating subsequent compression. The novel approach is based on...
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The influence of the geographic positioning system error on the quality of ship magnetic signature reproduction based on measurements in sea conditions
PublicationIn previous studies, the authors performed the magnetic signature reconstruction of the marine ship Zodiak as part of the measurement campaign focused on recording magnetic data and the relative position of a ship during its passage over a magnetometer immersed on the testing ground. A high degree of representation of the magnetic signature was obtained. However, the recorded measurement data revealed new patterns of the multidipole model...
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The pulse width modulation strategy for a five-phase three-level NPC voltage source inverter with DC-link voltage balancing ability
PublicationThe doctoral dissertation is all about the development of the space vector modulation algorithm for controlling the generation of output voltage vectors in a three-level, five-phase NPC inverter. The developed algorithm can be used to control five-phase motors, where it will be possible to increase the motor torque by 15%; by appropriate injection of 3rd harmonic current. The proposed control approach also opens up the possibility...
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The use of a genetic algorithm in the process of optimizing the shape of a three-dimensional periodic beam
PublicationMechanical periodic structures exhibit unusual dynamic behavior thanks to the periodicity of their structures, which can be attributed to their cellular arrangement. The source of this periodicity may result from periodic variations of material properties within their cells and/or variations in the cell geometry. The authors present the results of their studies on the optimization of physical parameters of a three-dimensional axisymetrical...
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Towards truly sustainable IoT systems: the SUPERIOT project
PublicationThis paper provides an overview of the SUPERIOT project, an EU SNS JU (Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking) initiative focused on developing truly sustainable IoT systems. The SUPERIOT concept is based on a unique holistic approach to sustainability, proactively developing sustainable solutions considering the design, implementation, usage and disposal/reuse stages. The concept exploits radio and optical technologies...
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Trwałość łączeniowa i udarowa źródeł oświetlenia LED w środowiskach z występującymi zaburzeniami harmonicznymi
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań trwałości łączeniowej i udarowej źródeł światła LED w przypadku występowania zaburzeń harmonicznymi w napięciu zasilania. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na znaczący wpływ odkształceń napięcia zasilania zarówno na trwałość łączeniową jak i na badania wytrzymałości udarowej przeprowadzane wg zaleceń zawartych w EN 61000-4-5.
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Ultra-Wideband Vivaldi Antenna with an Integrated Noise-Rejecting Parasitic Notch Filter for Online Partial Discharge Detection
PublicationPower transformers and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) play crucial roles in electrical power grids. However, they may suffer from degradation of insulation material due to wear and tear, leading to their imminent failure. Partial discharges (PDs) are an initial sign of insulation materials degradation which emit signals spanning various physical domains, including electromagnetic. PDs are temporally narrow, high-frequency, stochastic...
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Voltage and Current Unbalance Reduction in Power Networks with Distributed Generation and Electric Vehicles
PublicationThe current development of prosumer microsources and the expected spread of electric vehicles may cause the appearance of significant current and voltage unbalance in low-voltage (LV) networks. This unbalance, which is an unfavorable phenomenon, may occur when using single-phase photovoltaic (PV) microsources and single-phase home chargers for electric vehicles. This paper presents a proposal for the symmetrization of the LV network...
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Wireless Charging Station Design for Electric Scooters: Case Study Analysis
PublicationThis study proposes an example of a wireless charging station design for a small-scale vehicle available on the market. The article analyzes basic transmitter inverter topologies and their compensation methods in terms of flexibility of control, tolerance to uncertainty in positioning, and the possibility of decreasing the integration price. Our comprehensive analysis focuses on the battery voltage range, energy capacity, cost,...
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Wykorzystanie pomiarów wyładowań niezupełnych do oceny układu izolacyjnego izolatora przepustowego średniego napięcia do zastosowań technologicznych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wyładowań niezupełnych (wnz) w układzie izolacyjnym eksploatowanego izolatora przepustowego średniego napięcia (SN) mierzonych bezpośrednią metodą elektryczną i innymi technikami pomiarowymi wykorzystującymi czujniki pojemnościowe, indukcyjne, elektromagnetyczne oraz metodą chemiczną. Wykorzystane metody pomiarowe umożliwiają nie tylko detekcję wyładowań niezupełnych, ale również umożliwiają...
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Wykorzystanie rachunku niecałkowitego rzędu w sterowaniu suwnicą 3D
PublicationSuwnica 3D jest obiektem stosowanym w różnych gałęziach przemysłu. Z punktu widzenia sterowania, jest to system dynamiczny, nieliniowy i wielowymiarowy. W artykule zaprojektowano dwa układy regulacji: z klasycznym regulatorem PID oraz z regulatorem PID ułamkowego rzędu. Przedstawiono analizę porównawczą zaprojektowanych układów regulacji.
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Zaawansowany układ samoczynnego załączania rezerwy oparty na sterowniku WAGO PFC200
PublicationArtykuł opisuje projekt i wykonanie układu samoczynnego załączania rezerwy (SZR) na potrzeby stacji elektroenergetycznej Laboratorium LINTE^2 na Politechnice Gdańskiej. Układ SZR został zbudowany na podstawie modułowego sterownika PLC WAGO PFC200. W artykule omówiono zasadę działania układu, a także jego program sterowania i aplikację panelu HMI, opracowane w zintegrowanym środowisku programistycznym CoDeSys 3.5. Oprócz zadań typowego...
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Zagrożenie porażeniem podczas gaszenia pożaru w budynkach z fotowoltaicznymi źródłami energii
PublicationPodczas prowadzenia akcji gaśniczej w budynku z fotowoltaicznymi źródłami energii występuje zwiększone ryzyko porażenia prądem elektrycznym ze względu to, że moduły fotowoltaiczne są źródłami autonomicznymi i mogą generować niebezpieczne napięcie mimo odłączenia inwertera zarówno od strony AC, jak i DC instalacji elektrycznej. Szczególnie duże ryzyko porażenia powstaje podczas dotknięcia przez strażaka przewodów pod napięciem przyłączonych...
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Франтішек Кржіжік – чеський Едісон
PublicationФрантішек Кржіжік (František Křižík) – чеський інженер-електрик, винахідник і промисловець, який зробив великий внесок у розвиток електротехнічної промисловості в Чехії. Як автора численних патентів його називають чеським Едісоном.
Year 2023
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A comprehensive approach to SBR modelling for monitoring and control system design
PublicationThe aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive description of the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) modelling for monitoring, control, and plant operational optimisation validation. The paper provides a detailed modelling of the SBR, its components and constituent processes. For this purpose, the mass balance principle and continuity equations were provided with a reactive term implemented using Activated Sludge Model (ASM)....
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A Five-Leg Three-Level Dual-Output Inverter
PublicationClassical 3-level dual-output inverter, 3-L DOI, involves two similar 3-level inverters that provides a pair of 3-phase output voltages with same or different frequencies from common input voltage source. Flexibility of either operation of the constituting inverters is evident in this DOI; but total duplication of power switches is a major drawback. State of the art coupled 3-L DOIs reduce this drawback by providing series-shared...
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A mechanistically approached review upon assorted cell lines stimulated by athermal electromagnetic irradiation
PublicationThe probable influence of electromagnetic irradiation on cancer treatment has been deduced from the interaction of artificial electromagnetic emissions with biological organisms. Nonetheless, the suspected health effects induced by electromagnetic-based technology imply that such a treatment may contaminate the adjacent healthy cells. Thus, gaining mechanistic insights into the problem is required to avoid athermal health hazards....
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A new approach to cross-bonding in medium voltage cable lines
PublicationThe medium voltage underground cable sheaths are usually bonded and earthed in every substation on the cable route. This results in additional power losses in the sheaths. The paper presents an idea of reducing power losses caused by sheaths cross-bonding. The idea of sheaths cross-connecting only in selected MV/LV substations is given instead of a typical solution, where sheaths cross-bonding requires installing additional joints...
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A new approach to designing control of dissolved oxygen and aeration system in sequencing batch reactor by applied backstepping control algorithm
PublicationThe Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is a very complex system, due to its nonlinearity, time-variance, and multiple time scales in its dynamics among others. The most important control parameter in a WWTP is the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration. The tracking problem of the DO concentration is one of the most fundamental issues in biological wastewater treatment. Proper DO concentration control is necessary to achieve adequate...
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A Novel Spatio–Temporal Deep Learning Vehicle Turns Detection Scheme Using GPS-Only Data
PublicationWhether the computer is driving your car or you are, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) come into play on all levels, from weather monitoring to safety. These modern-day ADASs use various assisting tools for drivers to keep the journey safe; these sophisticated tools provide early signals of numerous events, such as road conditions, emerging traffic scenarios, and weather warnings. Many urban applications, such as car-sharing...
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A Simplified SVPWM Technique for Five-leg Inverter with Dual Three-phase Output
PublicationThis article proposes a simplified space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) technique five-leg inverter with dual three-phase output. An idea to fed the dual tree-phase machine by the multiphase voltage source inverters (VSIs) is not new. Dual- and multi-motor drive systems are widely used in the industry applications. The most popular fields are: electric vehicles (EVs) and traction systems. Moreover, the specific characteristic...
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Accounting for the distributions of input quantities in the procedure for the measurement uncertainty evaluation when calibrating the goniometer
PublicationThe discords concerning the measurement uncertainty evaluation in the Guide to the Expressing of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) and its Supplement 1 are considered. To overcome these discords, the authors of the paper propose to use the kurtosis method and the law of the propagation of the expanded uncertainty. Using the example of the goniometer calibration, the features of accounting for the distribution laws of input quantities...
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Accurate electrothermal modelling of high frequency DC-DC converters with discrete IGBTs in PLECS software
PublicationIn the paper, a novel, improved method of the IGBT junction temperature computations in the PLECS simulation software is presented. The developed method aims at accuracy of the junction temperature computations in PLECS by utilising a more sophisticated model of transistor losses, and by taking into account variability of transistor thermal resistance as a function of its temperature. A detailed description of the proposed method,...
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AC-DC-DC Converter for Small Power Energy Storage Systems
PublicationThe energy transformation driven by the development of renewable energy sources has become a reality for all power grid users. Prosumer energy, primarily utilizing photovoltaic installations, is one of the fastest-growing market segments. The advancement of technology, a decrease in electrochemical energy storage prices, and changes in the legal framework governing energy billing for grid-fed power have led to a growing interest...
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Adaptive stochastic and hybrid nonlinear optimization algorithms for improving the effectiveness of the biological processes at WWTP
PublicationWastewater treatment plays an important factor in the modern world. Insufficient treatment may result in environmental pollution which can further lead to disasters and diseases. However, processes that take place inside wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are highly complex in nature, therefore it is difficult to design an efficient, optimal control system. The problem regarding biochemical reactions inside Sequential Batch Reactor...
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Akademia Inżynierska w Polsce jako kontynuatorka tradycji przedwojennej Akademii Nauk Technicznych
PublicationPrzedstawiono historię Akademii Nauk Technicznych i Polskiej Akademii Nauk Technicznych. Omówiono genezę i działalność Akademii Inżynierskiej w Polsce.
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An Intelligent Approach to Short-Term Wind Power Prediction Using Deep Neural Networks
PublicationIn this paper, an intelligent approach to the Short-Term Wind Power Prediction (STWPP) problem is considered, with the use of various types of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). The impact of the prediction time horizon length on accuracy, and the influence of temperature on prediction effectiveness have been analyzed. Three types of DNNs have been implemented and tested, including: CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks), GRU (Gated Recurrent...