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Modelowanie hałasu samochodu osobowego w ruchu drogowym.
PublikacjaPrzedmiotem niniejszej pracy doktorskiej było opracowanie empirycznego modelu hałasu emitowanego przez samochody, pozwalającego na określenie hałasu w dowolnych warunkach ruchu pojazdu oraz nadającego się do analizy parametrycznej wpływu podstawowych parametrów ruchu na emitowany hałas. W ramach pracy opracowano metodykę a następnie przeprowadzono badania drogowe hałasu ośmiu pojazdów. Na podstawie uzyskanych charakterystyk emisji...
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Swarm Algorithms in Modern Engineering Optimization Problems
PublikacjaComplexity of today engineering problems is constantly increasing. Scientists no longer are facing issues, for which simple, mathematical programming methods are sufficient. Issues like autonomic vehicle navigation or classification are considered to be challenging, and although there exist valid means to solve them, in some cases there still is some place for improvement. With emergence of a new type of optimization techniques...
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Identifying the Effects of Selected Road and Roadside Parameters on Road Safety Using Geodetic Techniques
PublikacjaThe paper will present techniques that can be used to obtain data on road alignment and profile including the roadside. In-the-field and simulation studies have helped to develop mathematical models that integrate vehicle position data. The experiments were conducted in a virtual environment using the software ArcGIS that reflects the actual roadside conditions. The site tests were made using a purpose-built device which integrates...
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Playing the Sprint Retrospective: A Replication Study
PublikacjaThe Sprint Retrospective is a vehicle for continuous process improvement. Even though it is a well established agile practice, running effective retrospective meetings is challenging. There have been a lot of identified problems that commonly occur during these meetings. To address them, Przybyłek & Kotecka [20] successfully revitalized retrospective meetings by adopting collaborative games, which represent a powerful tool in improving...
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Solid road environment and its hazards
PublikacjaAccidents that involve vehicles departing the road tend to have very high severity, as they often result in the vehicle hitting a permanent obstacle (which can be a ree, a pole, facility pillar, front wall of a culvert or a barrier). In recent years, this type of accident caused approx. 19% of all road deaths in Poland. A particularly high risk can be observed on roads located in northern and western...
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Tripping of F-type RCDs for sinusoidal residual current with superimposed smooth DC component
PublikacjaRecent trends in green energy development make that photovoltaics and electric vehicles are applied on an increasing scale. In both photovoltaic and electric vehicle charging installations, a significant value of DC component of the earth fault current may appear, which is a challenge, in particular, for commonly used residual current devices (RCDs). This paper presents results of the laboratory test on the operation of F-type...
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Inertial Sensors Applications in Underwater Measurements
PublikacjaOver the past decades microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) researchers have demonstrated a number of microsensors for almost every possible sensing modality, including attitudes. Current MEMS inertial measurement units (IMU) come in many shapes, sizes, and costs — depending on the application, and performance required. MEMS sensors have proved and demonstrated performance exceeding those of their macroscale counterpart sensors. In...
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Urban Freight Transport Demand Modelling and Data Availability Constraints
PublikacjaThe paper provides a review of urban freight transport demand modelling approaches confronted with constrains regarding adequate data provision from a perspective of the local authorities. Demand estimation models has been selected as a reference because they are the most representative in terms of inclusion of urban freight indicators which can be transformed into a decision-support tool for evaluation of freight measures. The...
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Influence of Toll Collection Method on Motorways on Traffic Safety and Efficiency
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of the effectiveness analysis for various forms of toll collection on motorway gates and their impact on safety and efficiency of traffic. The results from field tests that were performed on the A1 motorway in Rusocin were used for the analysis. The research included the analysis of the video image of driver behaviour on the way to the toll booths and at toll booths. The PTV VISSIM tool was used to...
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Low cost real time UAV stereo photogrammetry modelling technique – accuracy considerations
PublikacjaThe paper presents accuracy considerations regarding three 3D modelling techniques. The tested new consumer type stereo camera (ZED 3D Stereolabs) has been implemented info an aerial mapping system, on board micro air vehicle MAV) and tested object has been mapped using a real-time photogrammetry with original real-time software application. The evaluated results has been compared with model gained with a state of art unmanned...
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Combination of terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry for 3D modelling and degradation assessment of heritage building based on a lighting analysis: case study—St. Adalbert Church in Gdansk, Poland
PublikacjaThe construction of the St. Adalbert Church in Gdansk dates to 1310. It is a church of rich history and great historical value, and its care is challenging. In this study, the combination of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was used to accurately build a 3D model of the church. Together with the collected historical inventory documentation, the historic building information model...
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Toward Safe and Efficient Recovery of Gas Munitions Dumped at Sea
PublikacjaThe proposal of a system for the safe recovery of unexploded ordnance (UXO), chemical weapons (CW) and chemicalwarfare agents (CWA) dumped at sea mainly after WWI and WWII is described in this work. The proposed solutionaddresses the tasks required to neutralise thousands of tons of dumped material and the currently available solutionsand proposed ideas. Requirements concerning the features of a recovery system are defined and...
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The use of weight in motion data to heavy vehicles - pavement interaction analysis
PublikacjaWeight in motion (WIM) is the element of modern intelligent transport systems created to control commercial vehicles and to detect overloaded items. Because all of the vehicles crossing the WIM station are weighed and recognized, given data can be used to vehicle-pavement interaction analysis. The paper presents the results of analysis based on data from seven WIM stations localized in Motorway and National Roads in Poland. The...
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Analysis of balancing of four stroke V6 engines
PublikacjaAnalysis of balance of V6 engines with a common-pin crankshaft depending on a cylinder bank angle and the crank radius to connecting rod length ratios , based on the relations derived, is presented in the paper. The bank angles providing the lowest moment of inertia forces in reciprocating motion, for selected values, were determined. The position of the plane of the main counterweights in order to maximum balance of the moment...
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Survey on Applications of Multimedia Technology to Examine Impact of Roadside Advertising on Drivers
PublikacjaThe correct location of ads, both static and moving, in close proximity of the roadway is an issue of high significance in the context of road safety. This publication aims to provide support in solving these issues by presenting a range of options for the implementation of extensive, multi-faceted research, using modern technology to allow an objective assessment of the risks arising from the presence of advertising spots in the...
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Autonomous Driver Based on an Intelligent System of Decision-Making
PublikacjaThe paper presents and discusses a system (xDriver) which uses an Intelligent System of Decision-making (ISD) for the task of car driving. The principal subject is the implementation, simulation and testing of the ISD system described earlier in our publications for the task of autonomous driving. The design of the whole ISD system is a result of a thorough modelling of human psychology based on an extensive literature study. Concepts...
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Model of the double-rotor induction motor in terms of electromagnetic differential
PublikacjaThe paper presents a concept, a construction, a circuit model and experimental results of the double-rotor induction motor. This type of a motor is to be implemented in the concept of the electromagnetic differential. At the same time it should fulfill the function of differential mechanism and the vehicle drive. One of the motor shafts is coupled to the direction changing mechanical transmission. The windings of the external rotor...
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Dynamics of the small-span railway bridge under moving loads
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of dynamic analysis of the small-span railway bridge, subjected to an action of moving trains. Numerical simulations were performed using three different load models: series of moving forces, series of moving single-mass and double-mass oscillators. The parameters of the vehicle were taken from the existing EN57 train. The parameters of the bridge were taken from the existing steel span of 10,24 m...
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Directions and Prospects for the Development of the Electric Car Market in Selected ASEAN Countries
PublikacjaThe purpose of this article is to present the current situation and evaluate the opportuni‐ ties for the development of the electric car market in selected Southeast Asian countries in the con‐ text of the current situation in the rest of the world. Currently, the electric car market is at an ad‐ vanced stage of development in regions such as Western Europe, the USA, and China. It should be noted, however, that the number of electric...
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Design of a test bench for determining the general characteristics of an internal combustion engine using a hydraulic power take-off system
PublikacjaThe paper presents a design of an engine test bench, which is used to determine the general characteristics of a truck engine using a power take-off (PTO). PTO drives a hydraulic system that generates a load on the engine at various points in its operation in the power range specified by the hydraulic system. The design allows for stationary and mobile tests with the test bench mounted on the truck, without any modification of...
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A device for measuring heat flux on a rocket skin surface
PublikacjaA novel method for measuring heat flux on a surface is presented. It is an extensive upgrade of currently known heat flux sensors used mostly in civil engineering. As the thermal environment of launchers, especially sounding rocket can have an enormous negative effect on payload, careful considerations have to be taken in the process of preparing insulation. Usually, thermal data provided by the launch vehicle manufacturer is limited...
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The use of GIS tools for road infrastructure safety management
PublikacjaThere are many factors that influence accidents and their severity. They can be grouped within the system of man, vehicle and environment. The article focuses on how GIS tools can be used to manage road infrastructure safety. To ensure a better understanding and identification of road factors, GIS tools help with the acquisition of road parameter data. Their other role is helping with a clear and effective presentation of risk...
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Potential Application of Solar Energy Systems for Electrified Urban Transportation Systems
PublikacjaThe paper presents a novel approach toward the use of solar energy systems in public transportation. The concept of energy generation in PV systems for supplying a trolleybus transportation system is proposed for the city of Gdynia (Poland). The suggested way of energy production allows reducing the environmental harm impact of the municipal transportation system. Moreover, the proposed way of green energy use can be a more profitable...
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Comparing the Effectiveness of ANNs and SVMs in Forecasting the Impact of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Building
PublikacjaTraffic - induced vibrations may cause damage to structural elements and may even lead to structural collapse. The aim of the article is to compare the effectiveness of algorithms in forecasting the impact of vibrations on buildings using the Machine Learning (ML) methods. The paper presents two alternative approaches by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Factors that may affect traffic-induced...
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Pinquark Warehouse Management System (WMS): Moving from process-based to activity-oriented management
PublikacjaSince the release of the first warehouse management system (WMS), these systems have been systematically developed and improved to optimize warehouse operations, including inventory management, order fulfillment, receiving, picking, packing, and shipping. Among the many well-documented and well-known WMS systems, there are other systems with a similar level of maturity and comparable functionality, but not as popular, but still...
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Highly Precised and Efficient Robot-Based ESPAR Antenna Measurements in Realistic Environments
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a novel approach utilizing a small Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology to facilitate large-scale outdoor automated measurements. The system employs dedicated software and measurement scripts to autonomously navigate the robot along predefined routes, stopping at multiple points for data collection. This method minimizes observational error and...
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Framework for extracting rails and setting-out railway line axis based on UAV photogrammetric measurements
PublikacjaTechnical diagnostics enables assessing the current technical condition of a railway line and adjacent infrastructure, and forecasting its changes over a specific time horizon. One of its elements is the periodic monitoring of rail position and their geometry. This article presents a new framework for the setting-out of a railway track axis. The process presented in the manuscript is based on the specific filtration and extraction...
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Contaminants in airport runoff water in the Vicinities of Two International Airports in Poland
PublikacjaThe general aim of the study was to evaluate environmental quality associated with the operations (combustion of fuels, cleaning of aircraft and airport aprons, aircraft, ground vehicle maintenance and repairs, fuelling operations, de/anti-icing operations) of international airports located in central and northern of Poland. These two monitoring areas were set up to monitor PAHs, PCBs, formaldehydes, phenols, detergents (cationic,...
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TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS QUALITY
PublikacjaGlobal warming makes it necessary to reduce energy consumption, which in the case of motor vehicles, is connected, among other things, with reduction of resistive forces acting on a vehicle during its motion. One of the most important components of those forces is rolling resistance, which is very difficult to measure, especially in road conditions. The article deals with issues related to the influence of the thermal state of...
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DESIGNING OF PARKING SPACES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PARAMETERS OF DESIGN VEHICLES IN RUSSIA
PublikacjaNowadays, in all the cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of vehicles are becoming more and more larger, not only in megacities, but in small cities of the country, as well and there are no more parking places - the pace of solving the problem is several times slower than the rate of the transport growth among the citizens. The article is dedicated to the determination of the optimum sizes parking...
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Experimental and numerical analysis of the modified TB32 crash tests of the cable barrier system
PublikacjaRoad restraint systems, including safety barriers, are one of the means used to improve road safety. Currently, they can be allowed to general use after passing the specific crash tests. However, it is always important and desirable to evaluate their performance under various realistic conditions, which can happen on the roads. In this study, the behaviour of the cable barrier system in impact conditions different than assumed...
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Tyre rolling resistance and its influence on fuel consumption
PublikacjaRolling resistance of tyres is one of the major resistive forces acting on any wheeled vehicle. Unfortunately, it is also one of the forces very difficult to measure. It is estimated that in certain traffic conditions (like for example constant speed driving with slow or moderate speed) so called Rolling Resistance Impact Factor may be as high as 0.3. This means that reduction of rolling resistance by 50% would lead to 15% of energy...
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Towards Precise Visual Navigation and Direct Georeferencing for MAV Using ORB-SLAM2
PublikacjaA low accuracy of positioning using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are not meet geodetic requirements for direct images georeferencing for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. A majority of UAVs are equipped with a monocular or stereo non-metric cameras for either visual data gathering or live video feed for operator. A cheap positioning techniques used on board commercial UAVs are not that precise as geodetic...
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Experimental verification of visual method for measuring displacements of contact line elements
PublikacjaThe increase of rail vehicles speed, as well as the increase of their power, puts high demands on the power delivery system for traction vehicles The most critical point in the vehicle's power supply circuit is the contact between the current collector and contact wires. Ensuring a reliable co-operation of the current collector and contact line, requires technical development...
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UAV Design and Construction for Real Time Photogrammetry and Visual Navigation
PublikacjaA unmanned aerial vehicles applications in photogrammetry have increased rapidly last years. A fast data gathering and processing in real time in some cases become crucial and desired in some application. In the paper, a real time solution is proposed. A real time photogrammetry from UAV is proposed, where image data are gathered and processed on board UAV and finally reconstructed 3D model and measurements are delivered. The paper...
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Efficiency Increasing of No-reference Image Quality Assessment in UAV Applications
PublikacjaUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging is a dynamically developing field, where the effectiveness of imaging applications highly depends on quality of the acquired images. No-reference image quality assessment is widely used for quality control and image processing management. However, there is a lack of accuracy and adequacy of existing quality metrics for human visual perception. In this paper, we demonstrate that this...
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The innovative exploitation of Brassica vegetables in the health quality food production chain
PublikacjaIn this overview the multidirectional opportunities of innovative exploitation of chemical and biological properties of vegetables from Brassiceae family are discussed. The specific chemical composition of brassicas, as regard both nutrients and non-nutrients, renders them particularly suitable for the health food production chain, literally from field to fork. the ability of these plants to accumulate heavy metals may be utilised...
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The innovative Exploitation of Brassica Vegetables in the Health Quality Food Production Chain
PublikacjaIn this overview the multidirectional opportunities of innovative exploitation of chemical and biological properties of vegetables from Brassiceae family are discussed. The specific chemical composition of brassicas, as regard both nutrients and non-nutrients, renders them particularly suitable for the health food production chain, literally from field to fork. the ability of these plants to accumulate heavy metals may be utilised...
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Design thinking qualifications framework – standardizing the innovative approach to entrepreneurial education delivery to engineering students
PublikacjaHighly competitive labor market stimulates increasing expectations towards fresh university alumni. It is not enough to be an expert - well educated and often experienced - in chosen discipline. High variability of the business environment, continuous change, number of risks, together with higher work demand than supply, shape clear employers’ expectations: entrepreneurial employees are wanted. On this ground a need for entrepreneurial...
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Modelling the loss of time caused by traffic incidents on motorways
PublikacjaFor each road incident important factors like location, capacity reduction, traffic management, duration of road incidents and amount of traffic should be defined. All performer operations and effects of incidents affect the capacity of the road, average speed, time loss, vehicle queues and traffic jams. In the article road incidents were divided into planned and unexpected. Statistical analysis prepared using the database of traffic...
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Possible directions for development of C-ITS services in cities on the example of the TRISTAR System
PublikacjaDuring the previous EU financial perspective (2007 - 2013), we observed an intensification of the evelopment of transport management systems using ITS services in Polish cities. One of the biggest territorially and functionally system is Tri-city TRISTAR system, the implementation of which was completed in 2015. The concept of the TRISTAR system and its architecture was developed in the years 2002-2007. Currently, we can observe...
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Image transmission in UAV MIMO UWB-OSTBC system over Rayleigh channel using multiple description coding (MDC)
PublikacjaOrthogonal Space-Time Block Codes (OSTBC) and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communication system are new techniques with high performance that have many applications in wireless telecommunications. This chapter presents an image transfer technique for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in a UWB system using a hybrid structure of the MIMO-OSTBC wireless environment in multiple description coding (MDC) deals. MDC technique...
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The innovative approach for using pavement as a fire prevention measure in tunnels
PublikacjaThe paper consists of two main parts: first presents study regarding the typically used pavement structures in tunnels and the second part: the first fire trials of the poroelastic SEPOR (Safe, Eco-friendly POroelastic Road Surface) mixture which was designed to be used among other uses in tunnels. In the first part of the paper different pavement materials, such as cement concrete, asphalt concrete, stone mastic asphalt and porous...
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Reduction of road traffic noise by source measures — present and future strategies
PublikacjaThe current trend worldwide is less focused on reducing road traffic noise. This is in strong contrast to the severe impact of traffic noise to the general health and quality of life. A more holistic and combined strategy is needed. Current international rules and regulations regarding vehicles and tyres are not sufficient to reduce traffic noise levels in an effective way. Calculations show that these regulations will only yield...
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Sound quality metrics applied to road noise evaluation
PublikacjaRoad noise monitoring systems typically measure sound levels in specific time periods. The more insightful approach suggests to measure also the nature of noise. Sound quality of sounds such as car noise can be objectively evaluated by several parameters. One of them is psychoacoustic annoyance, described by loudness, tone color, and the temporal structure of sound. In this paper the assessment of several sound quality parameters, such...
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Method of Forming Road Surface Replicas Using 3D Printing Technology
PublikacjaRolling resistance is a critical factor that influences vehicle energy consumption, emissions, and overall performance. It directly impacts fuel efficiency, tire longevity, and driving dynamics. Traditional rolling resistance tests are conducted on smooth steel drums, which fail to replicate real-world road surface textures, potentially skewing results. This article presents the process of designing surface replicas using 3D printing...
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Experimental test results of an automatic voltage regulator with independent phase voltage controllers
PublikacjaThe growing number of distributed renewable energy sources and dynamic constant-power loads (e.g. electric vehicle charging stations) pose new challenges for network operators. These changes result in alterations to network load profiles and load flows, leading to greater voltage volatility. One effective solution to these problems can be the use of automatic voltage regulators (AVRs), which stabilize and symmetrize voltage output,...
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Partially Isolated Multi-Active Bridge DC-DC Converter with Bidirectional EV Charging Ports
PublikacjaThere is a growing interest in multiport converters due to their ability to interconnect various energy sources and loads using reduced number of components. Regarding electric vehicle (EV) chargers connection, existing multiport solutions either lack scalability, featuring only one isolated charging port or the operation of ports depend on each other, complicating the converter control algorithm. This article proposes a partially...
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Analysis of passenger car crash with a cable barrier installed with anti-glare screens on a horizontal convex road curve with 400 m radius
PublikacjaHigh-tension cable barriers have been used on roads for a relatively short period compared with other types of road barriers. Hence, there remains a need for further research on various crash scenarios. An important issue is the performance of a cable barrier on a road curve, particularly when a vehicle impacts the convex side of the barrier. To address this issue, the analysis in this study considers a system of anti-glare screens...
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Carbon dioxide potential reduction using Start-Stop system in a car
PublikacjaOperating fuel consumption increases significantly when the vehicle stops frequently while driving or when the engine is idling during braking. In such cases, the internal combustion engine consumes the fuel but the mechanical energy is not used by the drive system. The amount of fuel that is consumed in this time by the engine can potentially be saved if the car is equipped with a Stop-Start system. Start-Stop system automatically...