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Influence of Hydrogenation on Morphology, Chemical Structure and Photocatalytic Efficiency of Graphitic Carbon Nitride
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Structural reliability of overhead power lines by means of Monte Carlo Method and RSM
PublikacjaThe article discusses the issue of reliability assessment of overhead power lines by means of both Monte Carlo Method and Response Surface Method. The suspension tower OS24 ON150+10 is considered, as the weakest element of the line. A comparison is made between deterministic and probabilistic approaches to wind and icing loading. The PDFs for wind and icing loads are proposed. Reliability is assessed for both critical atmospheric...
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Urban Railway within the Linear Urban Structure: the Case Study of Perm, Russia
PublikacjaThe paper analyses the ten years’ experience of Perm to develop its system of the urban train trying to reveal the reasons for its modest performance and decline in the passenger traffic. The authors show how the Urban Train fits within the city urban structure and eval uate the potential of the Urban Train to become a feasible solution to the problem of connecting the periphery with the city centre. Furthermore,...
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Unusual structural properties of water within the hydration shell of hyperactive antifreeze protein
PublikacjaMany hypotheses can be encountered explaining the mechanism of action of antifreeze proteins. One widespread theory postulates that the similarity of structural properties of solvation water of antifreeze proteins to ice is crucial to the antifreeze activity of these agents. In order to investigate this problem, the structural properties of solvation water of the hyperactive antifreeze protein from Choristoneura fumiferana were...
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Nonlinear and linear impedance of bismuth vanadate ceramics and its relation to structural properties
PublikacjaThe nonlinear and linear electrical properties, topography, and microstructure of bismuth-vanadate ceramics, were studied. The structurewas observed with the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal microscopy methods. The obtained results showed that ceramic is porous. Two phase transitionswere determinedwith the use of DSC measurements. The linear and nonlinear ac...
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Influence of separation gap on the structural response of colliding structures under earthquake excitation
PublikacjaThe high level of urbanization in the XXIst century forces the designers to design closely-separated structures and to take into account many factors influencing their response during seismic excitation, which are the most unpredictable loads which can affect civil engineering structures. Interactions between insufficiently adjacent buildings, known as the earthquake-induced structural pounding, may cause serious damage to the structures,...
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CZĘSTOTLIWOŚCI REZONANSOWE W OTWARTYCH STRUKTURACH MIKROPASKOWYCH UMIESZCZONYCH NA POWIERZCHNIACH ZAKRZYWIONYCH
PublikacjaArtykuł prezentuje wyniki badań otwartych struktur mikropaskowych umieszczonych na powierzchniach cylindrycznych, eliptycznych lub sferycznych. Analiza numeryczna badanych struktur oparta jest na rozwinięciu pól elektrycznych i magnetycznych w odpowiednie szeregi funkcyjne. Korzystając z warunków ciągłości pól formułowane jest zagadnienie brzegowe, które rozwiązywane jest przy wykorzystaniu metody momentów. Badane struktury mają...
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Structure and computationally-efficient simulation-driven design of compact UWB monopole antenna
PublikacjaIn this letter, a structure of a small ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna, its design optimization procedure as well as experimental validation are presented. According to our approach, antenna compactness is achieved by means of a meander line for current path enlargement as well as the two parameterized slits providing additional degrees of freedom that help to ensure good impedance matching. For the sake of reliability, the...
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Developing Game-Structure Sensitive Matchmaking System for Massive-Multiplayer Online Games
PublikacjaProviding a fair matchmaking system is an essential issue, while developing every online video game. In the article, we show that the currently existing matchmaking system in League of Legends, one of the most popular online video games currently existing, is built on a base of conditions which do not hold true in the presence of empirical data. This, in short, decreases the effectiveness of the ranking system, and negatively affects...
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Crystal structure and physical properties of NpRh2Sn, a new Np-based ternary compound
PublikacjaPoprzez syntezę w piecu łukowym został otrzymany nowy związek o stechiometrii NpRh2Sn. NpRh2Sn krystalizuje w strukturze ortorombowej i wykazuje przejście PM-AFM w temperaturze Neela T_N = 34K.
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Mechanical, structural and diffusion studies of hydrogel polyurethane nanocomposites containing modified montmorillonite
PublikacjaW pracy zaprezentowano wyniki badań hydrożeli poliuretanowych zawierających poli(tlenek etylenu) oraz montmorylonit. Otrzymane układy scharakteryzowano z użyciem technik XRD, DMA, badań mechanicznych oraz wyznaczono chłonność wody i parametry dyfuzji.
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Tautomerism, structure and properties of 1,1',1''-(2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-triyl)triethanone
PublikacjaWedług teoretycznych przewidywań 1,3,5-triacetylo-2,4,6-trihydroksybenzen może występować w 5 formach tautomerycznych, z których dwie powinny wyróżniać się wysoką stabilnością. Teoretyczne przewidywania zostały skonfrontowane z rezultatami pomiarów spektralnych.
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Oxidation Time Influence on the Structure of the Cobalt Base Clad Layer and Scale Morphology
PublikacjaZbadano wpływ czasu utleniania na mikrosrukutręi własności mechaniczne a w szczególności mikrotwardość, warstw wykonanych ze stopu kobaltu.Warstwy były wykonane za pomocą napawania plazmowego (PTA). Stop kobaltu podlegał utlenianiu w powietrzu w temperaturze 800 topni celsjusza w czasie 1, 22 i 200 godzin. w wyniku utleniania nastapiło uformowanie warstw zgorzeliny oraz nastapiły zmiany w mikrostrukturze. Zaobserwowano także zmiany...
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The structure of novel polyurethanes containing synthetic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate]
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to estimate the structure of new polyurethanes with the potential to be used in medicine. Atactic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate], obtained via a ring-opening polymerization, and polycaprolactonediol or polyoxytetramethylenediol were used to built the soft segments. 4,4'-methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol were the components to form hard segments. Polyurethanes with low-molecular weight...
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Binder-induced surface structure evolution effects on Li-ion battery performance
PublikacjaA comparative investigation on binder induced chemical and morphological evolution of Li4Ti5O12 electrodes was performed via X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Composite electrodes were obtained using three different binders (PAA, PVdF, and CMC) with 80:10:10 ratio of active material:carbon:binder. The electrochemical performances of the electrodes, were found to be...
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Failure mode prediction for composite structural insulated panels with MgO board facings
PublikacjaSandwich panels are readily used in civil engineering due to their high strength to weight ratio and the ease and speed of assembly. The idea of a sandwich section is to combine thin and durable facings with a light-weight core and the choice of materials used allows obtaining the desired behaviour. Panels in consideration consist of MgO (magnesium oxide) board facings and expanded polystyrene core and are characterized by immunity...
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Objective relaxation algorithm for reliable simulation-driven size reduction of antenna structure
PublikacjaThis letter investigates reliable size reduction of antennas through electromagnetic-driven optimization. It is demonstrated that conventional formulation of the design task by direct footprint miniaturization with imposing constraints on electrical performance parameters may not lead to optimum results. The reason is that—in a typical antenna structure—only a few geometry parameters explicitly determine the antenna footprint,...
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Structural and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite coatings formed by ion-beam assisted deposition
PublikacjaThe ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) is an advanced method capable of producing crystalline coatings at low temperatures. We determined the characteristics of hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 target and coatings formed by IBAD using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The composition of the coatings'...
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THE CONCEPT OF MODELING OF SNOW IMPACT ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE SUSPENDED TAURON ARENA ROOF IN CRACOW
PublikacjaThe article presents studies and numerical simulations on modeling snow influence on TAURON ARENA suspended roof structure in Cracow. The scope of work includes experimental tests, functions solutions taking into account various cases of snow impact according to PN and EC, as well as numerical simulations for the sport and entertainment arena in the Czyzyny district. The FEM roof structure model developed in the SOFISITK software...
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Regulated Assembly of LPS, Its Structural Alterations and Cellular Response to LPS Defects
PublikacjaDistinguishing feature of the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is its asymmetry due to the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer leaflet of the OM and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. Recent studies have revealed the existence of regulatory controls that ensure a balanced biosynthesis of LPS and phospholipids, both of which are essential for bacterial viability. LPS provides the essential permeability...
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The Spatial Structure of Suburban Zones in Selected Entrepreneurship Nets of the Tricity Metropolitan Area
PublikacjaThe chapter describes spatial structures and forms of Polish suburban zones shown on the example of two selected towns in the Trojmiasto Metropolitan Area (TMA). The description of the spatial characteristics in the urban sprawl, with focus on the entrepreneurships nests is illustrated by the choice of typological features, such as: form, land use, density. Suburbanisation is described to be global, however one can observe individual...
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The Effect of Polyurethane Glycolysate on the Structure and Properties of Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composites
PublikacjaIn this work the use of polyurethane chemical recycling product (i.e. glycolysis of polyurethane waste realized with the mass excess of polymer) as a plasticizer for natural rubber-based composites was proposed. The effect of plasticizer type (napthenic oil and polyurethane foam glycolysate) and amount (2, 4, 6 or 8 parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) on the processing properties of rubber mixtures and chemical structure, swelling,...
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Tailoring structural properties of lanthanum orthoniobates through an isovalent substitution on the Nb-site
PublikacjaTetragonal polymorph of lanthanum orthoniobate can be stabilized to room temperature by the substitution of Nb with an isovalent element. LaNb1-xAsxO4 (0 < x ≤ 0.3), where As is an element stabilizing tetragonal structure, were successfully synthesized with combined co-precipitation and solid-state reaction method. The phase transition temperature, above which the material has tetragonal structure, decreases linearly with increasing...
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THE EFFECT OF NOTCH DEPTH ON CTOD VALUES IN FRACTURE TESTS OF STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS
PublikacjaIn elements of steel structures working at low temperatures, there is a risk of appearance of brittle fracture. This risk is reduced through the use of certified materials having guaranteed strength at a given temperature. A method which is most frequently used to determine brittle fracture toughness is the Charpy impact test, preformed for a given temperature. For offshore structures intended to work in the arctic climat e, the...
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Effect of Individual Components of Lignocellulosic Biomass on Methane Production and Methanogen Community Structure
PublikacjaOne of the major factors that influences the economic feasibility of biogas production is the availability of digestible feedstocks. There is little research on the influence of the chemical composition of biomass on biogas synthesis, especially with regard to the content of lignocellulosic materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate how differences in the content of cellulose and lignin in lignocellulosic biomass...
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Novel structure and EM-driven design of miniaturized microstrip rat-race coupler
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel structure and design procedure of a miniaturized microstrip rat-race coupler (RRC) is described. Small size of the RRC is achieved by folding the transmission lines of the conventional circuit into its interior, as well as by implementation of the structure on three layers. The final size of the coupler realized for the operating frequency of 1 GHz is only 220 mm2, which gives over 95% footprint reduction...
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Influence of Parameters of Laser Beam Welding on Structure of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
PublikacjaLaser welding is used in modern industry, having many advantages comparing to traditional welding technologies. Nowadays, industry sectors such as shipbuilding, automotive and aviation can’t be imagined without laser processing technologies. Possibility of increase of welded joint properties, autogenous welding and high level of process automation makes the technology of laser welding perspective part of the industry. Physical...
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Crystal structure, chemical bonding, and physical properties of layered AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba)
PublikacjaWe report the experimental and theoretical investigation of structure, chemical bonding interactions, and physical properties of new ternary stannides AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba). AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba) crystallizes in the orthorhombic Re3B-type structure with the space group Cmcm (No. 64). According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction results, the structure of AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba) can be considered as a Zintl-type compound with heterogeneous...
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Fabrication and Structural Properties of LaNb 1‐x As x O 4 Ceramics
PublikacjaLanthanum niobate substituted with arsenic was synthesized by three methods: solid state reaction from binary oxides and two different methods combining co-precipitation and solidstate reaction. In the first of the combined methods LaNb1- xAsxO4 was synthesized from LaAsO4, obtained from coprecipitation method, and lanthanum and niobium oxides. In the second LaNbO4 was first synthesized from binary oxides and then mixed with LaAsO4...
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Effective Formula for Impact Damping Ratio for Simulation of Earthquake-induced Structural Pounding
PublikacjaStructural pounding during earthquakes may cause substantial damage to colliding structures. The phenomenon is numerically studied using different models of collisions. The aim of the present paper is to propose an effective formula for the impact damping ratio, as a parameter of the impact force model used to study different problems of structural pounding under seismic excitations. Its accuracy has been verified by four various...
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Application of the X-ray micro computed tomography to the analysis of the structure of polymeric materials
PublikacjaIn this paper the application of X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a non-destructive testing method of polymeric materials is presented. Increasing applicability of polymers in variedend-use industries such as automotive, building and construction, consumer goods, and packaging is propelling the growth of the global polymer processing market. However, controlling of the polymer structure is one of the most important...
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Finite element modelling of a historic church structure in the context of a masonry damage analysis
PublikacjaThe paper includes a case study of modelling a real historic church using the finite element method (FEM) based on laser scans of its geometry. The main goal of the study was the analysis of the causes of cracking and crushing of masonry walls. An FEM model of the structure has been defined in ABAQUS. A non-linear dynamic explicit analysis with material model including damage plasticity has been performed. A homogenization procedure...
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Determination of Earth Pressure and Displacement of the Retaining Structure According to the Eurocode 7-1
PublikacjaComparative analysis of standard guidelines and findings given in EC7-1 and in Polish Standard PN-83/B-03010. Discussed guidelines concerning active and passive earth pressure as well as at rest pressure state. Wall displacement causing limit states of earth pressure and resistance. Interactive assumptions concerning intermediate earth pressure and resistance values. Conclusions and final remarks.
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IMPACT OF THE FINANCING STRUCTURE ON EFFICIENCY OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS IN THE FORMER EASTERN BLOC COUNTRIES
PublikacjaOut-of-pocket expenditures are a significant barrier in accessing health services. This paper aims to analyse the structure of financing system in the context of the performance indicators of healthcare systems. The study was conducted for the 28 countries of the former Eastern bloc in the years 2000 and 2013, based on data from the World Health Organization. In the DEA-CCR input-oriented model, inputs are the percentage share...
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Superconductivity in a new intermetallic structure type based on endohedral Ta@Ir7Ge4 clusters
PublikacjaWe report the observation of superconductivity at a temperature near 3.5 K for the previously unreported compound TaIr2Ge2. In addition to being a superconductor, this material displays a new crystal structure type that contains endohedral clusters, as determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction structure refinement; the structure is more complex than those of the commonly observed tetragonal 122 intermetallic phases. Despite...
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Preparation and structure of nanocrystalline sol-gel derived Cu doped LiTi2O4 powders
PublikacjaAmong the spinel oxides materials, lithium titanate (Li1+xTi2-xO4 where 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.33) could be very interested from pratical applications point of view. Lithium titanate is a II type spinel oxide superconductor with relatively high (~13 K for x = 0) superconducting transition temperature Tc. Above Tc lithium titanate shows metallic behaviour and can be used e.g. as electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Since the discovery...
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Temperature-controlled nanomosaics of AuCu bimetallic structure towards smart light management
PublikacjaGold–copper nanostructures are promising in solar-driven processes because of their optical, photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical properties, especially those which result from the synergy between the two metals. Increasing interest in their internal structure, such as the composition or distribution of the Au and Cu as well as the size and shape of the nanoparticles, have developed to define their physicochemical properties. In...
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Current Trends in Wick Structure Construction in Loop Heat Pipes Applications: A Review
PublikacjaThermal control systems have been introduced as an important part of electronic devices, enabling thermal management of their electronic components. Loop heat pipe (LHP) is a passive two-phase heat transfer device with significant potential for numerous applications, such as aerospace applications, high-power LEDs, and solar central receivers. Its advantages are high heat transfer capability, low thermal resistance, long-distance...
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Highly Dissipative Materials for Damage Protection against Earthquake-Induced Structural Pounding
PublikacjaIt is a common situation that seismic excitations may lead to collisions between adjacent civil engineering structures. This phenomenon, called earthquake-induced structural pounding, may result in serious damage or even the total collapse of the colliding structures. Filling the gap between two buildings erected close to one another by using visco-elastic materials can be considered to be one of the most effective methods to avoid...
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Multifaceted Analyses of Four Different Prototype Lightweight Photovoltaic Modules of Novel Structure
PublikacjaDynamic growth of photovoltaic capacity in Poland encourages many entities to invest in photovoltaic systems. However, in the case of buildings with low roof-bearing capacity it can be problematic or even impossible to mount conventional PV modules due to their relatively high weight. Hence, the use of lightweight PV modules is a potential solution. In this paper four different prototype silicon lightweight modules of novel structure...
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Design of a Patch Power Divider with Simple Structure and Ultra-Broadband Harmonics Suppression
PublikacjaThis paper introduces a simple H-shaped patch Wilkinson power divider (WPD), which provides ultra wide harmonics suppression band. The presented WPD designed at 1.8 GHz, and exhibits good performance at the operating bandwidth. In the proposed divider structure, two simple patch low-pass filters (LPFs) are employed at each branch, and three open ended stubs are added at each port. The proposed divider, implemented using the aforementioned...
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Structural Adaptive, Self-Separating Material for Removing Ibuprofen from Waters and Sewage
Publikacja-cyclodextrin nanosponge (CDM) was used for the adsorption of ibuprofen (IBU) from water and sewage. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Barrett– Joyner–Halenda (BJH), Harkins and Jura t-Plot, zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and elementary analysis (EA)....
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Structure and thermoelectric properties of nickel-doped copper selenide synthesised in a hydrogen atmosphere
PublikacjaNickel-doped copper selenide—Cu2-xNixSe (x = 0; 0.01; 0.02; 0.03)—materials with high thermoelectric properties were synthesised through reduction of reagents in hydrogen. The impact of the nickel content on both the microstructure and thermoelectric properties was examined. The nickel-doped samples’ microstructure differed significantly from pristine copper selenide. Besides Cu2Se, copper precipitations were present in the materials....
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Flexural behavior of composite structural insulated panels with magnesium oxide board facings
PublikacjaThe current report is devoted to the flexural analysis of a composite structural insulated panel (CSIP) with magnesium oxide board facings and expanded polystyrene (EPS) core, that was recently introduced to the building industry. An advanced nonlinear FE model was created in the ABAQUS environment, able to simulate the CSIP’s flexural behavior in great detail. An original custom code procedure was developed, which allowed to include...
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Electronic structure calculations in electrolyte solutions: Methods for neutralization of extended charged interfaces
PublikacjaDensity functional theory (DFT) is often used for simulating extended materials such as infinite crystals or surfaces, under periodic boundary conditions (PBCs). In such calculations, when the simulation cell has non-zero charge, electrical neutrality has to be imposed, and this is often done via a uniform background charge of opposite sign (“jellium”). This artificial neutralization does not occur in reality, where a different...
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Investigating the effects of structural pounding on the seismic performance of adjacent RC and steel MRFs
PublikacjaAn insufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings is the main reason for structural pounding during severe earthquakes. The lateral load resistance system, fundamental natural period, mass, and stiffness are important factors having the influence on collisions between two adjacent structures. In this study, 3-, 5- and 9-story adjacent reinforced concrete and steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) were considered to investigate...
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Industry 4.0 Implementation Challenges in Manufacturing Industries: an Interpretive Structural Modelling Approach
PublikacjaFor the last few years, the fourth industrial revolution, known as Industry 4.0, has been a hot topic among academics. Industry 4.0 literature involves researches presenting studies related to its different aspects including challenges, opportunities, implementation and adoption. However, a detailed study of challenges and barriers towards the Industry 4.0 implementation in manufacturing industries is missing. Hence, this paper...
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Polypropylene structure alterations after 5 years of natural degradation in a waste landfill
PublikacjaUp to 25% of plastic waste in Europe is still disposed of in landfills, despite recycling efforts. The plastic waste in the landfill plot may be exposed both to abiotic and biotic degradation processes, although it is thought that most of the plastic materials tend to be resistant to biodegradation or biodeterioration even after a long time. To verify if polypropylene (PP) can undergo the process of short-term biodegradation and...
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Structure and magnetic properties of BeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-TeO2 glass-ceramic composites
PublikacjaIn this work, glass-ceramics in the xBeO–20Fe2O3–(80-x)TeO2 system with x = 0–25 mol% were synthesized by the traditional melt quenching route and studied by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, confocal microscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. BeO addition was found to support the crystallization process of Fe2O3 during melting, and an increased BeO content was associated with an increased...
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Analiza oddziaływań w kryształach związków zawierających w strukturze pierścień pirydynowy
PublikacjaMożliwość tworzenia się wiązań wodorowych jest kluczowym parametrem z punktu widzenia inżynierii kryształu, ponieważ wiązania wodorowe mają bezpośredni wpływ na strukturę oraz trwałość sieci krystalicznej. Głównym celem niniejszej rozprawy doktorskiej była analiza porównawcza wiązań wodorowych występujących w układach, zawierających w strukturze pierścień pirydynowy. Badane układy podzielono na: (1) układy ze związkami krzemosiarkowymi...