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Musical Instrument Tagging Using Data Augmentation and Effective Noisy Data Processing
PublicationDeveloping signal processing methods to extract information automatically has potential in several applications, for example searching for multimedia based on its audio content, making context-aware mobile applications (e.g., tuning apps), or pre-processing for an automatic mixing system. However, the last-mentioned application needs a significant amount of research to reliably recognize real musical instruments in recordings....
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The Potential of Improving Air Quality by Urban Mobility Management: Policy Guidelines and a Case Study
PublicationThere is a growing recognition among planners and policy makers that proper transformation of urban mobility systems is crucial to the reduction of air pollution emission. The main objective of the work was to review the current urban mobility strategies in the city of Gdańsk, Poland in terms of their potential for the improvement of urban air quality. Firstly, general policy guidelines for mobility systems were formulated based...
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Analysis of odour interactions in model gas mixtures using electronic nose and fuzzy logic
PublicationMeasurement and monitoring of air quality in terms of odour nuisance is an important problem. Although the source of these nuisances is different (e.g. wastewater treatment plants, municipal landfills), their common feature is that they are a complex mixture of odorants with different odour thresholds. An additional problem is occurrence of the odour interactions between mixture components. From a practical point of view, it would...
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Paired domination versus domination and packing number in graphs
PublicationGiven a graph G = (V(G), E(G)), the size of a minimum dominating set, minimum paired dominating set, and a minimum total dominating set of a graph G are denoted by γ (G), γpr(G), and γt(G), respectively. For a positive integer k, a k-packing in G is a set S ⊆ V(G) such that for every pair of distinct vertices u and v in S, the distance between u and v is at least k + 1. The k-packing number is the order of a largest kpacking and...
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Sensing Direction of Human Motion Using Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) Channel Model and Neural Networks
PublicationObject detection Through-the-Walls enables localization and identification of hidden objects behind the walls. While numerous studies have exploited Channel State Information of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) WiFi and radar devices in association with Artificial Intelligence based algorithms (AI) to detect and localize objects behind walls, this study proposes a novel non-invasive Through-the-Walls human motion direction...
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Performance Analysis of the OpenCL Environment on Mobile Platforms
PublicationToday’s smartphones have more and more features that so far were only assigned to personal computers. Every year these devices are composed of better and more efficient components. Everything indicates that modern smartphones are replacing ordinary computers in various activities. High computing power is required for tasks such as image processing, speech recognition and object detection. This paper analyses the performance of...
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Follow the Light. Where to search for useful research information
PublicationArchitectural Lighting Design (ALD) has never been a standalone professional discipline. Rather, it has existed as the combination of art and the science of light. Today, third generation lighting professionals are already creatively intertwining these fields, and the acceleration in scientific, technological and societal studies has only increased the need for reliable multidisciplinary information. Therefore, a thorough re-examination...
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SYNTHESIZING MEDICAL TERMS – QUALITY AND NATURALNESS OF THE DEEP TEXT-TO-SPEECH ALGORITHM
PublicationThe main purpose of this study is to develop a deep text-to-speech (TTS) algorithm designated for an embedded system device. First, a critical literature review of state-of-the-art speech synthesis deep models is provided. The algorithm implementation covers both hardware and algorithmic solutions. The algorithm is designed for use with the Raspberry Pi 4 board. 80 synthesized sentences were prepared based on medical and everyday...
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Strategie rozwoju byłych miast wojewódzkich w Polsce Wschodniej
PublicationPrzedmiotem opracowania są strategie rozwoju 9 miast należących do najsilniejszych ośrodków poza obecnymi miastami wojewódzkimi w najsłabiej rozwiniętych polskich regionach. Miasta te mogą dawać szansę aktywizacji swojego otoczenia. Przyczynić się do tego mogą dobre strategie zwiększające konkurencyjność miast i pobudzające rozwój. Celem badań było uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytania, czy i w jakim stopniu badane strategie: (1) zgodne...
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Akustyczna analiza natężenia ruchu drogowego dla systemów zarządzania ruchem
PublicationW pracy przybliżono wybrane zagadnienia z dziedziny zarządzania transportem drogowym w Polsce i na świecie. W tym kontekście pzredstawiono potrzeby rynkowe, wymagania jak i możliwości w zakresie pozyskiwania informacji o aktualnym stanie sieci drogowych. Zaproponowano akustyczną metodę nadzorowania ruchu drogowego i jej możliwości w kontekście systemów zarządzania ruchem. Przedstawiono schemat akwizycji sygnału wraz z danymi odniesienia....
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Al-Kindi’s “The Real One”: Considerations of a mathematician or of a metaphysician?
PublicationThe aim of the article is to analyze Al-Kindi’s concept of the True (Essential) One and certain additional issues, also taking into account the influence on his position from both classical philosophy and source texts of Islam. In the opening part of the article, Al-Kindi’s innovative approach to the application of mathematics in research in other areas of knowledge is discussed. In the next part,...
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Superheroes or Super Spreaders? The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Attitudes towards Nurses: A Qualitative Study from Poland
PublicationThe social perception of the nursing profession in Poland is profoundly affected by social stereotypes that may discourage young people from entering the profession and lead to prejudice towards nurses. During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses gained visibility, which caused the social image of nurses to likewise grow. In this study, we explore nurses’ experiences with respect to how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the social image...
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Towards More Realistic Probabilistic Models for Data Structures: The External Path Length in Tries under the Markov Model
PublicationTries are among the most versatile and widely used data structures on words. They are pertinent to the (internal) structure of (stored) words and several splitting procedures used in diverse contexts ranging from document taxonomy to IP addresses lookup, from data compression (i.e., Lempel- Ziv'77 scheme) to dynamic hashing, from partial-match queries to speech recognition, from leader election algorithms to distributed hashing...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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Music genre classification applied to bass enhancement for mobile technology
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) algorithms applied to portable computers. The proposed algorithm is related to intelligent, rule-based setting of synthesis parameters according to music genre of an audio excerpt. The classification of music genres is automatically executed employing MPEG 7 parameters and the Principal Component Analysis method applied to reduce information...
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Occurrence of Surface Active Agents in the Environment
PublicationDue to the specific structure of surfactants molecules they are applied in different areas of human activity (industry, household). After using and discharging from wastewater treatment plants as effluent stream, surface active agents (SAAs) are emitted to various elements of the environment (atmosphere, waters, and solid phases), where they can undergo numerous physic-chemical processes (e.g., sorption, degradation) and freely...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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The extended version of restriction analysis approach for the examination of the ability of low-molecular-weight compounds to modify DNA in a cell-free system
PublicationOne of the primary requirements in toxicology is the assessment of ability of chemicals to induce DNA covalent modification. There are several well-established methods used for this purpose such as 32P-Postlabeling or HPLC-MS. However, all of these approaches have difficult to overcome limitations, which prevents their use in genotoxin screening. Here, we describe the simple protocol exploiting specificity of restriction enzymes...
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Application potential of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solidphase extraction sorbents for determination of low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and sediment samples
PublicationDespite the introduction of restrictive regulations in the USA and the European Union, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are still found in various types of environmental and biological samples at significant concentration levels. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants in the environment raises important issues because of their negative impact on immunological and neurological systems, and on the hormonal balances...
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Normalization of face illumination using basic knowledge and information extracted from a single image
PublicationThis paper presents a method for face image normalization that can be applied to the extraction of illumination invariant facial features or used to remove bad lighting effects and produce high-quality, photorealistic results. Most of the existing approaches concentrate on separating the constant albedo from the variable light intensity; that concept, however, is based on the Lambertian model, which fails in the presence of specularities...
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Small regulatory bacterial RNAs regulating the envelope stress response
PublicationMost bacteria encode a large repertoire of RNA-based regulatory mechanisms. Recent discoveries have revealed that the expression of many genes is controlled by a plethora of base-pairing noncoding small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs), regulatory RNA-binding proteins and RNA-degrading enzymes. Some of these RNA-based regulated processes respond to stress conditions and are involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. They achieve...
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Extraction and evaluation of gas-flow-dependent features from dynamic measurements of gas sensors array
PublicationGas analyzers based on gas sensors are the devices which enable recognition of various kinds of volatile compounds. They have continuously been developed and investigated for over three decades, however there are still limitations which slow down the implementation of those devices in many applications. For example, the main drawbacks are the lack of selectivity, sensitivity...
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Bioelectronic tongue: Current status and perspectives
PublicationIn the course of evolution, nature has endowed humans with systems for the recognition of a wide range of tastes with a sensitivity and selectivity which are indispensable for the evaluation of edibility and flavour attributes. Inspiration by a biological sense of taste has become a basis for the design of instruments, operation principles and parameters enabling to mimic the unique properties of their biological precursors. In...
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Determinants of judges’ career choices and productivity: a Polish case study
PublicationThe goal of this paper is to identify factors which affect judges’ productivity and career choice motives with the view of increasing judicial efficiency. Specifically, the investigation focuses on such aspects as judges’ remuneration, promotion, threat of judgment revocation, service/mission, periodic assessment, the threat of a complaint about protracted proceedings or of disciplinary proceedings, the threat of destabilization...
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The Undisrupted Growth of the Airbnb Phenomenon between 2014–2020. The Touristification of European Cities before the COVID-19 Outbreak
PublicationAs a result of the Airbnb eruption, not only has the character of the short-term rental market been completely transformed, but the decades long growth in tourism has also been further accelerated. Therefore, due to the new demands of the tourism economy, the major shift in the usage of historic city centers occurred–the process of ‘touristification’, that results in the emergence of its new, unsustainable form. Despite the significance...
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Flexible Knowledge–Vision–Integration Platform for Personal Protective Equipment Detection and Classification Using Hierarchical Convolutional Neural Networks and Active Leaning
PublicationThis work is part of an effort to develop of a Knowledge-Vision Integration Platform for Hazard Control (KVIP-HC) in industrial workplaces, adaptable to a wide range of industrial environments. The paper focuses on hazards resulted from the non-use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The objective is to test the capability of the platform to adapt to different industrial environments by simulating the process of randomly selecting...
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A new multi-process collaborative architecture for time series classification
PublicationTime series classification (TSC) is the problem of categorizing time series data by using machine learning techniques. Its applications vary from cybersecurity and health care to remote sensing and human activity recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-process collaborative architecture for TSC. The propositioned method amalgamates multi-head convolutional neural networks and capsule mechanism. In addition to the discovery...
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IoT for healthcare applications
PublicationThis chapter summarizes IRACON contributions related to the application of IoT in healthcare. It consists of the following three sections. Section 8.1 presents the measurement campaigns and the related statistical analysis to obtain various channel models for wearable and implantable devices. In addition, the importance of physical human-body phantoms used for channel, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), and Electromagnetic (EM) exposure...
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Selection of an artificial pre-training neural network for the classification of inland vessels based on their images
PublicationArtificial neural networks (ANN) are the most commonly used algorithms for image classification problems. An image classifier takes an image or video as input and classifies it into one of the possible categories that it was trained to identify. They are applied in various areas such as security, defense, healthcare, biology, forensics, communication, etc. There is no need to create one’s own ANN because there are several pre-trained...
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Procognitive activity of nitric oxide inhibitors and donors in animal models
PublicationNitric oxide is a small gaseous molecule that plays important roles in the majority of biological functions. Impairments of NO-related pathways contribute to the majority of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and mental disorders, such as schizophrenia. Cognitive decline is one of the most serious impairments accompanying both AD and schizophrenia. In the present study, the activities of NO donors, slow (spermine...
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Structural studies of a cold-adapted dimeric Beta-D-galactosidase from Paracoccus sp. 32d
PublicationThe crystal structure of a novel dimeric [beta]-D-galactosidase from Paracoccus sp. 32d (Par[beta]DG) was solved in space group P212121 at a resolution of 2.4 Å by molecular replacement with multiple models using the BALBES software. This enzyme belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 2 (GH2), similar to the tetrameric and hexameric [beta]-D-galactosidases from Escherichia coli and Arthrobacter sp. C2-2, respectively. It is the second...
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Partial characterization of indigo (Polygonum tinctorium Ait.) plant seeds and leaves
PublicationThe aim of this study was to assess the contents of indigo's bioactive compounds, its antioxidant and anticancer activities in acetone, hexane and DMSO extracts and to compare the overall bioactivity with another more used medicinal plant named prolipid. It was found that the contents of the bioactive compounds in the studied extracts from different parts of indigo plant varied (P < 0.05): the significantly highest content of polyphenols...
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Chemical composition of water from roof in Gdańsk, Poland
PublicationThis study deals with the assessment of roof runoff waters from the region of Gdansk collected during the winter season (2007/2008). The chemical analysis includes 16 chemical variables: major ions, PAHs and PCBs measured at 3 sampling sites for 6-14 rain events. Although the data set is of limited volume the statistical data treatment using self-organizing maps (SOM) reveals the main factors controlling roof runoff water quality...
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Lipopolysaccharides: regulated biosynthesis and structural diversity
PublicationThe cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria contains two distinct membranes, an inner (IM) and an outer (OM) membrane, separated by the periplasm, a hydrophilic compartment that includes a thin layer of peptidoglycan. The most distinguishing feature of such bacteria is the presence of an asymmetric OM with phospholipids located in the inner leaflet and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) facing the outer leaflet. The maintenance of this...
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Electrochemical simulation of metabolic reduction and conjugation reactions of unsymmetrical bisacridine antitumor agents, C-2028 and C-2053
PublicationElectrochemistry (EC) coupled with analysis techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has been developed as a powerful tool for drug metabolism simulation. The application of EC in metabolic studies is particularly favourable due to the low matrix contribution compared to in vitro or in vivo biological models. In this paper, the EC(/LC)/MS system was applied to simulate phase I metabolism of the representative...
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Development of a vortex-assisted switchable-hydrophilicity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction for fast and reliable extraction of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) from various baby food products
PublicationThis manuscript describes the development of a novel liquid phase microextraction (LPME) method for the extraction and determination of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) in various infant/baby food and supplements products. The method is based on vortex-assisted extraction combined with a switchable-hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) sample preparation. The SHS, which undergoes reversible phase changes triggered by pH change, enables...
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Determining an Architectural Character for Durban Residential Streetscapes
PublicationIn the current global context and in consideration of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is a strong need for urban densification. However, this development is also driven by processes linked to the idea of capitalism and 'economic growth'. Such development often leads to the loss of the 'genius loci' of a place and sometimes even overlooks the fact that the quality of the built environment greatly influences the health and...
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Structural insights, biocatalytic characteristics, and application prospects of lignin-modifying enzymes for sustainable biotechnology
PublicationLignin modifying enzymes (LMEs) have gained widespread recognition in depolymerization of lignin polymers by oxidative cleavage. LMEs are a robust class of biocatalysts that include lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), versatile peroxidase (VP), laccase (LAC), and dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP). Members of the LMEs family act on phenolic, non-phenolic substrates and have been widely researched for valorization...
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Facilitating free travel in the Schengen area—A position paper by the European Association for Biometrics
PublicationDue to migration, terror-threats and the viral pandemic, various EU member states have re-established internal border control or even closed their borders. European Association for Biometrics (EAB), a non-profit organisation, solicited the views of its members on ways which biometric technologies and services may be used to help with re-establishing open borders within the Schengen area while at the same time mitigating any adverse...
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Creating a Realible Music Discovery and Recomendation System
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to show problems related to creating a reliable music dis-covery system. The SYNAT database that contains audio files is used for the purpose of experiments. The files are divided into 22 classes corresponding to music genres with different cardinality. Of utmost importance for a reliable music recommendation system are the assignment of audio files to their appropriate gen-res and optimum parameterization...
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Problems of modelling toxic compounds emitted by a marine internal combustion engine for the evaluation of its structure parameters
PublicationThe paper presents the possibility of using an analytical study of the engine exhaust ignition to evaluate the technical condition of the selected components. Software tools available for the analysis of experimental data commonly use multiple regression model that allows the study of the effects and iterations between model input quantities and one output variable. The use of multi-equation models gives a lot of freedom in the...
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Minimizing Distribution and Data Loading Overheads in Parallel Training of DNN Acoustic Models with Frequent Parameter Averaging
PublicationIn the paper we investigate the performance of parallel deep neural network training with parameter averaging for acoustic modeling in Kaldi, a popular automatic speech recognition toolkit. We describe experiments based on training a recurrent neural network with 4 layers of 800 LSTM hidden states on a 100-hour corpora of annotated Polish speech data. We propose a MPI-based modification of the training program which minimizes the...
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The role of EMG module in hybrid interface of prosthetic arm
PublicationNearly 10% of all upper limb amputations concern the whole arm. It affects the mobility and reduces the productivity of such a person. These two factors can be restored by using prosthetics. However, the complexity of human arm makes restoring its basic functions quite difficult. When the osseointegration and/or targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) are not possible, different modalities can be used to control the prosthesis. In...
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Optical Sensor Based Gestures Inference Using Recurrent Neural Network in Mobile Conditions
PublicationIn this paper the implementation of recurrent neural network models for hand gesture recognition on edge devices was performed. The models were trained with 27 hand gestures recorded with the use of a linear optical sensor consisting of 8 photodiodes and 4 LEDs. Different models, trained off-line, were tested in terms of different network topologies (different number of neurons and layers) and different effective sampling frequency...
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Comparison of Classification Methods for EEG Signals of Real and Imaginary Motion
PublicationThe classification of EEG signals provides an important element of brain-computer interface (BCI) applications, underlying an efficient interaction between a human and a computer application. The BCI applications can be especially useful for people with disabilities. Numerous experiments aim at recognition of motion intent of left or right hand being useful for locked-in-state or paralyzed subjects in controlling computer applications....
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Structural and dynamic insights on the EmrE protein with TPP+ and related substrates through molecular dynamics simulations
PublicationEmrE is a bacterial transporter protein that forms an anti-parallel homodimer with four transmembrane helices in each monomer. EmrE transports positively charged aromatic compounds, such as TPP+ and its derivatives. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of EmrE in complex with TPP+, MeTPP+, and MBTPP+ embedded in a membrane. The detailed molecular properties and interactions were analysed for all EmrE-ligand complexes....
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ROAD SAFETY FOR CYCLISTS BASED ON THE CALORIES NEEDED
PublicationCyclists are a vulnerable group of road users, especially when no separate infrastructure for cyclists is provided. Then, road factors such as distance and altitude differences can indirectly affect cyclists' safety. Therefore, the authors proposed a procedure based on the geometric characteristics of the road that can determine riding difficulties for cyclists. The proposed procedure can be used both by the public authorities who...
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A novel in vivo approach to assess strains of the human abdominal wall under known intraabdominal pressure
PublicationThe study concerns mechanical behaviour of a living human abdominal wall. A better mechanical understanding of a human abdominal wall and recognition of its material properties is required to find mechanically compatible surgical meshes to significantly improve the treatment of ventral hernias. A non-invasive methodology, based on in vivo optical measurements is proposed to determine strains of abdominal wall corresponding to...
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Design and construction of an industrial robot controlled by the ROS environment
PublicationThis engineering thesis focuses on the recognition of modern budgetary solutions of roboticarms and on the design and implementation of one of them. Historical solutions are discussedusing the example of the IRB6 robot and the modern approach - the Omron Viper 850. Thepaper includes a description of the design thought of the different parts. Mechanical, electrical andsoftware aspects are presented. In...
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CNN-CLFFA: Support Mobile Edge Computing in Transportation Cyber Physical System
PublicationIn the present scenario, the transportation Cyber Physical System (CPS) improves the reliability and efficiency of the transportation systems by enhancing the interactions between the physical and cyber systems. With the provision of better storage ability and enhanced computing, cloud computing extends transportation CPS in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). By inspecting the existing literatures, the cloud computing cannot fulfill...