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Search results for: Spin-coating method
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Port-based approach to distributed transfer function method
PublicationIn the paper there is presented an uniform, port-based approach to modeling of both lumped and distributed parameter systems. Port-based model of distributed system has been defined by application of distributed transfer function method (DTFM). The approach proposed combines versatility of port - based modeling and accuracy of distributed transfer function method. It enables to formulate appropriate input data for computer analysis...
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Usefulness of the voltamperometric method for assessment of the purity of soil
PublicationThis paper presents a voltammetric analysis of soil. It shows that the voltammetry is a useful method for the assessment of soil contaminated with heavy metal ions. There are two major problems with voltammetry analysis: the diffusion coefficient and the measurement system. The paper contains a short literature study of mathematical equations and a study of differences between soil and water measurements. Suggestions of the solution...
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Investigation of morphological and electrical properties of the PMMA coating upon exposure to UV irradiation based on AFM studies
PublicationCelem badania było określenie wpływu promieniowania ultrafioletowego na morfologię powierzchni powłoki i na jej właściwości elektryczne. Cienka powłoka z polimetakrylanu metylu została nałożona na podłoże stalowe metodą zanurzeniową. Oceny stanu przed ekspozycją UV i w jej trakcie dokonywano przy użyciu mikroskopu sił atomowych. Na obrazach AFM zaobserwowano pojawienie się mikropęknięć. Celem zweryfikowania czy wykryte nieciągłości...
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Release of Encapsulated Bioactive Compounds from Active Packaging/Coating Materials and Its Modeling: A Systematic Review
PublicationThe issue of achieving controlled or targeted release of bioactive compounds with specific functional properties is a complex task that requires addressing several factors, including the type of bioactive, the nature of the delivery system, and the environmental conditions during transportation and storage. This paper deals with extensive reporting for the identification of original articles using Scopus and Google Scholar based...
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Formation of Surface Topography During Turning of AISI 1045 Steel Considering the Type of Cutting Edge Coating
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Nanocomposites of Graphene Oxide—Silver Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity: Mechanism of Action and Medical Textiles Coating
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On the influence of a surface roughness on propagation of anti-plane short-length localized waves in a medium with surface coating
PublicationWe discuss the propagation of localized surface waves in the framework of the linear Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity and taking into account a roughness of a free boundary. We derive a boundary-value problem for anti-plane motions with curvilinear boundary and surface stresses. Using the asymptotic technique developed earlier, we obtain the form of a localized wave and analyze its amplitude evolution. As the main result we present...
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A Method and Device for 3D Recognition of Cutting Edge Micro Geometry
PublicationA very useful method was successfully applied in the investigation of tools for machining wood and wood based composites. It allows scanning of the cutting edge micro geometry in three dimensions and reproducing it in a virtual space as a 3D surface. The application of the method opens new possibilities of studying tool wear by scanning, including the calculation of volume loss and other analysis of tool wedge geometry along and...
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Ranking of Generation Source Locations by a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Method
PublicationThe paper presents a ranking of the locations of eight renewable energy sources (RES) made using a hybrid multi-criteria analysis method. The method is a combination of the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method and numerical taxonomy. The considered generating sources, i.e. solar plants, biogas plants, and wind farms are sources that will significantly contribute to implementing the provisions of the energy and climate package...
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Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Functionalized Basic Maleimides
PublicationA three-step procedure involving Diels-Alder condensation of maleic anhydride with furane, formation of N-substituted imide upon reaction with appropriate diamine and a final retro Diels-Alder regeneration of the maleic carbon-carbon double bond is proposed for an unequivocal synthesis of N-substituted basic maleimides. The novel method is characterized by mild reaction conditions, easy work-up, high yields and no need for additional...
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Application of the J-matrix method to multichannel scattering
PublicationIn this contribution we describe the multichannel extension to the nonrelativistic J-matrix method, and present differential cross sections for scattering of slow electrons from Argon atoms. Nonrelativistic phase shifts, then the S-matrix and the cross sections have been calculated using newly developed Fortran code, JMATRIX-MULTI.We applied the model Hartree-Fock potential as the scattering potential, which was truncated in the...
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Rational method of grit chamber efficiency determination
PublicationAlthough grot chambers are designed with utmost care, they still remain difficuly to control. As concentration of grit is non-uniform, representative measurements of the sand concentration is a very complex issue. In the paper the results of measure,ents performed at WTP in Gdańsk and Gdynia were analyzed. The proposed method to determine grit chambers efficiency is based on comparison of suspension flow in the inlet and flux of...
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Method of lines for Hamilton-Jacobi functional differential equations.
PublicationInitial boundary value problems for nonlinear first order partial functional differential equations are transformed by discretization in space variables into systems of ordinary functional differential equations. A method of quasi linearization is adopted. Suffcient conditions for the convergence of the method of lines and error estimates for approximate solutions are presented. The proof of the stability of the diffrential difference...
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Uncertainty estimation of loop impedance measurement determined by the vector method
PublicationThis article presents a detailed analysis of uncertainty estimation of loop impedance measurement determined by the vector method. The analysis includes the following estimates: resistance variance, voltage variance and time measurement variance. This paper presents a methodology for estimating the combined standard uncertainty of loop impedance by the vector method. The vector method allows to determine loop impedance based on...
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Quaternion Encryption Method for Image and Video Transmission
PublicationQuaternions are hyper-complex numbers of rank 4. They are often applied to mechanics in 3D space and are considered to be one of the best ways of representing rotations. In this paper a quaternion encryption method, based on algorithm by Nagase et al. (2004) has been proposed. According to a computer-based simulation the results of the performed research yield a high level of security, which is additionally strengthened by the...
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An improved scalable method of isolating asphaltenes
PublicationA new, improved and scalable procedure of asphaltene fraction isolation is presented and compared to standard test methods. The new procedure uses 1:40 feedstock to solvent (n-heptane) ratio (g/mL), filtration through a cellulosic thimble and extensive washing in a Soxhlet type extractor. The group type composition and purity of the asphaltene fractions have been examined using thin-layer chromatography with flame-ionization detection....
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Forty-five years of the Rigid Finite Element Method
PublicationIn the paper there are described developments of the method in the past 45 year years in dynamical analysis of system with constant and changing in time configuration, including also control of the systems.
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A Universal Gains Selection Method for Speed Observers of Induction Machine
PublicationProperties of state observers depend on proper gains selection. Each method of state estimation may require the implementation of specific techniques of finding those gains. The aim of this study is to propose a universal method of automatic gains selection and perform its verification on an induction machine speed observer. The method utilizes a genetic algorithm with fitness function which is directly based on the impulse response...
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Application of gpr method in diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures
PublicationThis paper presents an application of the ground penetration method (GPR) for diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures. In situ measurements were conducted for three civil engineering structures: the ground floor structure, the abutment of the railway viaduct and the concrete well. The dual polarized ground penetrating radar with the antenna operating at a center frequency of 2 GHz was used for GPR surveys. Three different...
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Receiver-side fingerprinting method based on quaternion sandwich product
PublicationIn this paper a new receiver-side fingerprinting method for color images is proposed. The proposed method belongs to the group of Joint Fingerprinting and Decryption (JFD) methods. Each component of the color image is represented as a point in 3D space, which is formed by 3 color channels. Encryption and fingerprinting can be interpreted as rotation, scaling and translation of these points. Calculations are performed using quaternion...
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The New LM-PCR/Shifter Method for the Genotyping of Microorganism
PublicationTechniques relies on the ligation of appropriates adapters (LM-PCR) as AFLP, PCR MP and ADSRRS are successfully used for epidemiological studies for prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. In this study we propose a new method, called the LM-PCR/Shifter, based on the use of a Class IIS restriction enzyme giving restriction fragments with different 4 base 5' overhangs (Shifter) and the ligation of appropriate oligonucleotide...
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FIR Filter Design Using Distributed Maximal Flatness Method
PublicationIn the paper a novel method for filter design based on the distributed maximal flatness method is presented. The proposed approach is based on the method used to design the most common FIR fractional delay filter - the maximally flat filter. The MF filter demonstrates excellent performance but only in a relatively narrow frequency range around zero frequency but its magnitude response is no greater than one. This ,,passiveness”...
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A Method for Optimising the Blade Profile in Kaplan Turbine
PublicationThis paper introduces a method of blade profile optimisation for Kaplan-type turbines, based on modelling the interaction between rotor and stator blades. Rotor and stator blade geometry is described mathematically by means of a midline curve and thickness distribution. Genetic algorithms are then used to find a global optimum that minimises the loss coefficient. This allows for variety of possible blade shapes and configurations....
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Proposed method for estimating the costs of safety barrier life cycle
PublicationToday barrier types are frequently selected for their price with little regard for the total costs the structure will incur over its lifetime. One of the basic tools designed to manage road infrastructure is the life cycle cost method (LCC, Life cycle cost). It sums up the costs to plan, design, build, operate (use and maintain) and decommission a road structure. Having developed dynamically at the turn of the century the method...
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Driver fatigue detection method based on facial image analysis
PublicationNowadays, ensuring road safety is a crucial issue that demands continuous development and measures to minimize the risk of accidents. This paper presents the development of a driver fatigue detection method based on the analysis of facial images. To monitor the driver's condition in real-time, a video camera was used. The method of detection is based on analyzing facial features related to the mouth area and eyes, such as...
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Extending transition curve in analytical design method
PublicationThe paper presents the problem of extending the transitional curves, using for this purpose an analytical design method. The basis for the analysis of numerical calculations were carried out for a wide set of parameters characterizing the standard geometric system. We considered an importance of the size of radius of the circular arc and return angle of route on the obtained results after the formulation of appropriate theoretical...
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A Visual Method of Measuring Railway-Track Weed Infestation Level
PublicationThis paper concerns the assessment of railway track surface conditions in relation to the degree of weed infestation. The paper conceptually describes the proposed method using a visual system to analyse weed infestation level. The use of image analysis software for weed detection is also proposed. This new measurement method allows for a mobile assessment of the track’s weed infestation status. Validation of the assessment method...
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Directed electromagnetic pulse dynamics: projecting operators method
PublicationIn this article, we consider a one-dimensional model of electromagnetic pulse propagation in isotropic media, takinginto account a nonlinearity of the third order. We introduce a method for Maxwell's equation transformation on thebasis of a complete set of projecting operators. The operators correspond to wave dispersion branches including thedirection of propagation. As the simplest result of applying the method, we derive a system...
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A handwritten signature verification method employing a tablet
PublicationA signature verification system based on static features and time-domain functions of signals obtained using a tablet has been presented in the paper. The signature verification method, based mainly on dynamic time warping coupled with some signature image features, has been described. The FRR measures reflecting the method's efficiency have been evaluated for verification attempts performed directly after obtaining model signatures...
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Hybrid Method Analysis of Unshielded Guiding Structures
PublicationA combination of mode matching, finite element methods and generalized impedance matrix is presented in a context of propagation problems for open guiding structures. The computational domain is divided into two regions: the first one is a circular cylinder containing whole guiding structure and the second one surrounds this artificial cylinder. The impedance matrix is calculated with the use of finite element method in the first...
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A Population-Based Method with Selection of a Search Operator
PublicationThis paper presents a method based on a population in which the parameters of individuals can be processed by operators from various population-based algorithms. The mechanism of selecting operators is based on the introduction of an additional binary parameters vector located in each individual, on the basis of which it is decided which operators are to be used to modify individuals’ parameters. Thus, in the proposed approach,...
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Asynchronous Method of Simultaneous Object Position and Orientation Estimation with Two Transmitters
PublicationThis paper proposes an object location method for all types of applications, including the Internet of Things. The proposed method enables estimations of the position and orientation of an object on a plane or in space, especially during motion, by means of location signals transmitted simultaneously from two transmitters placed on the object at a known distance from each other. A mathematical analysis of the proposed method and...
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A multi-agent method for periodicity detection in distributed events
PublicationMulti-agent systems working in constantly changing environments may be challenged by instantaneous unavailability of their autonomous agents caused e.g. by limited computing resources. A new method of self-organization of distributed service components is proposed, suitable for multi-agent systems. This method relies on particular agents carrying out separate analyzes of their individual processing loads or other specific events....
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Development of the New Polish Method for Capacity Analysis of Motorways and Expressways
PublicationThe paper presents development of the new Polish method for performing capacity analysis of basic segments of dual carriageway roads (motorways and expressways). The method is based on field traffic surveys conducted at 30 motorway and expressway sites (class A and S roads) in Poland. Traffic flows, composition and travel times were observed in 15-min intervals at each site using ANPR filming method. These data were used to calibrate...
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Double Bias of Mistakes: Essence, Consequences, and Measurement Method
PublicationThere is no learning without mistakes. However, there is a clash between‘positive attitudes and beliefs’regarding learning processes and the ‘negative attitudes and beliefs’towardthese being accompanied bymistakes. Thisclash exposesa cognitive bias towardmistakesthat might block personal and organizational learning. This study presents an advanced measurement method to assess thebias of mistakes. The essence of it is the...
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The Method of Finding the Optimal Spindle Speed When Milling Flexible Details
PublicationThe paper presents a new method of vibration reduction during milling of flexible details. The method consists in selecting the optimal spindle speed, based on the natural frequency of the workpiece. For this purpose, an original method was created, which is based on minimizing the work of cutting forces in the direction of the depth of cutting. The effectiveness of the method has been proved by comparing the RMS values of vibration...
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Application of the LifeRoSE method in funcionality evaluation of road safety equipment
PublicationThe article presents a mathematical model of the life cycle estimation method of road safety equipment. Then the model was adjusted to estimate the life cycle costs of the chosen horizontal road marking. Using the LCC method, the functionality of the horizontal marking was evaluated in terms of efficiency, durability and economic effectiveness. The article also presents the impact of selected factors on the life cycle costs of...
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Sensor Position Estimation Method for IoT Using Mobile Reference Node
PublicationThe paper proposes an innovative method of locating objects for the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed method allows the position of a fixed measuring sensor (MS) to be estimated using one mobile base station with a known position moving around the MS. The mathematical analysis of the method, and three algorithms — Newton’s (NA), gradient descent (GD) and genetic (GA) — for solving the system of non-linear positional equations...
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A New Method for Automatic Generation of Animated Motion
PublicationA new method for generation of animation with a quality comparable to a natural motion is presented. Proposed algorithm is based on fuzzy description of motion parameters and subjective features. It is assumed that such processing increases naturalness and quality of motion, which is verified by subjective evaluation tests. First, reference motion data are gathered utilizing a motion capture system, then these data are reduced...
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Characteristics of the Hydrophytes Method
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An extension of the method of quasilinearization
PublicationMetodę kwazilinearyzacji zastosowano do problemów początkowych gdy prawą stronę zagadnienia można przedstawić za pomocą nieliniowej funkcji "rozszerzenia", zakładając o niej pewną regularność. Pokazano, że odpowiednio skonstruowane ciągi monotoniczne są zbieżne kwadratowo do rozwiązania problemu. Praca uogólnia odpowiednie wyniki, gdy prawa strona jest sumą funkcji wklęsłych i wypukłych ze względu na ostatni argument.
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: development of the method
PublicationThe Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories is a method solving ship encounter situations. The method combines evolutionary approach to planning ship trajectory with some of the assumption of game theory. For given positions and motion parameters the method finds a near optimal set of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter. The version presented here is an updated one and its authors have tested extensively...
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A standard analytical method as the common good and pollution abatement measure
PublicationA standard method can be considered as a common-good “resource,” and the solution to “the commons” problems usually lies in societal self-organization. The multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied to model complex phenomena, such as the standard selection for imidacloprid determination. In this process, the standard was self-selected by the analytical chemistry society. The results show that analytical chemistry is a...
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Application of the Optimum Dataset Method in Archeological Studies on Barrows
PublicationLight Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) became one of the technologies used in archaeological research. It allows for relatively easy detection of archaeological sites that have their own field form, e.g.: barrows, fortresses, tracts, ancient fields [1]. As a result of the scanning, the so-called point cloud is obtained, often consisting of millions of points. Such large measurement datasets are very time-consuming and labor-intensive...
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Variational Method of Finding Streamlines in Ring Cascades for Creeping Flows
PublicationThis paper presents a new, analytical method of finding streamlinesfor creeping flows inside a ring cascade which is composed of an infinite number of infinitely thin blades. An analytical solution has been obtained through minimisation of a dissipation functional by means of variational calculus method. The necessary condition for optimum of a functional gives the Stokes equation if some additional assumptions are introduced....
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Trust Management Method for Wireless Sensor Networks
PublicationA Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data to the main location. The first wireless network that bore any real resemblance to a modern WSN is the Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS), developed by the United States Military in the 1950s to detect and track Soviet...
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Determining the leakage current resistive component by the orthogonal vector method
PublicationThe measurement of the metal – oxide surge arresters (MOSA) leakage current and the analysis of its components is a key diagnostic criterion according to technical standards. During on site MOSA condition assessment, the easy way is based on the measurement only leakage current, without the inconvenient live working measurements of supply voltage. Orthogonal vectors method of determination the resistive leakage current is presented....
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Sensing the onset of epoxy coating degradation with combined Raman spectroscopy/atomic force microscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on epoxy resin durability upon 12-week exposure to UV radiation. The aim was early determination of the onset of epoxy degradation and for this purpose an epoxy film on steel substrate systems were periodically inspected using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The behaviour of examined polymer could be divided into three periods: immunity,...
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Adhesion of AlCrN coating deposited on TiB2/Ti composites sintered by SPS dedicated for high temperature tribological applications
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Method for universal detection of two-photon polarization entanglement
PublicationDetecting and quantifying quantum entanglement of a given unknown state poses problems that are fundamentally important for quantum information processing. Surprisingly, no direct (i.e., without quantum tomography) universal experimental implementation of a necessary and sufficient test of entanglement has been designed even for a general two-qubit state. Here we propose an experimental method for detecting a collective universal...