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Search results for: electrical
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The influence of the choice of the cross linking agent on the electrical properties of polyethyleneimine based humidity sensors. Optoelectronic and Electronic Sensors V.
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań impedancyjnych polimerowych czujników wilgotności.Czujniki zostały wykonane z chemicznie modyfikowane polietylenoiminy. Przedstawiono wpływ środków sieciujących na właściwości czujników.
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An analysis of the possibilities of increasing the production of electrical energy during the summer season by heat-generation back pressure turbine power units.
PublicationZbadano możliwości podniesienia mocy elektrycznej produkowanej przez przeciwprężne bloki ciepłownicze w sezonie letnim. Zbadano jedną z możliwości polegającą na dochładzaniu wody sieciowej powracającej z aglomeracji miejskiej. Zwrócono uwagę na aspekty techniczne, ekonomiczne i ekologiczne rozważanego rozwiązania.
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Investigations of porosity changes during granular silo flow using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)
PublicationArtykuł omawia pomiary zmian porowatości podczas przepływu silosowego materiału granulowanego. Zastosowano 2 techniki: tomografie i optoelektroniczną DIC. Pomiary wykonano dla różnych początkowych zagęszczeń oraz szorstkości ścian.
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Thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties of Fe2O3–PbO–SiO2 glass prepared by traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling methods
PublicationIn this study, Fe–Pb–Si oxide glasses containing between 12.5 and 17.5 mol% Fe2O3 were prepared using two different methods comprising traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling techniques. The topography and structure of the materials obtained were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All of the materials were found to be amorphous. The topography of most of the glasses comprised...
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Iron doped manganese cobaltite spinel coatings produced by electrophoretic co-deposition on interconnects for solid oxide cells: Microstructural and electrical characterization
PublicationWe report a systematic microstructural and electrical characterization of iron doped Mn–Co spinel coatings processed by electrophoretic co-deposition of Mn1.5Co1.5O4 and Fe2O3 powders on Crofer 22 APU and AISI 441 steel substrates. Iron addition to Mn–Co spinel coating leads to a reduction of the area specific resistance on both substrates, after 3200 h at 750 °C. The Fe doped Mn–Co coating both leads to a thinner oxide scale and...
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The effect of boron concentration on the electrical, morphological and optical properties of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond sheets: Tuning the diamond-on-graphene vertical junction
PublicationIn this paper, the effect of boron doping on the electrical, morphological and structural properties of free-standing nanocrystalline diamond sheets (thickness ~ 1 μm) was investigated. For this purpose, we used diamond films delaminated from a mirror-polished tantalum substrate following a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition process, each grown with a different [B]/[C] ratio (up to 20,000 ppm) in the gas phase....
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Structural and electrical properties of STF materials for SOFC applications = Właściwości strukturalne i elektryczne materiałów STF do zastosowań w SOFC
PublicationTytaniany strontu domieszkowane elazem (STF) rozważane są jako potencjalne materiały katodowe w SOFC do pracy w temperaturach z przedziału 600-800°C. Ich synteza, właściwości elektrochemiczne i strukturalne są w tym artykule badane. Analiza wydajności elektrochemicznej przeprowadzono za pomoc elektrochemicznej spektroskopii impedancyjnej na symetrycznych komórkach spieczonych w różnych temperaturach. Wzajemne oddziaływanie chemiczne...
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Effect of ionic size of dopants on the lattice structure, electrical and electrochemical properties of La2−xMxNiO4+δ (M = Ba, Sr) cathode materials
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Focused ion beam-based microfabrication of boron-doped diamond single-crystal tip cantilevers for electrical and mechanical scanning probe microscopy
PublicationIn this paper, the fabrication process and electromechanical properties of novel atomic force microscopy probes utilising single-crystal boron-doped diamond are presented. The developed probes integrate scanning tips made of chemical vapour deposition-grown, freestanding diamond foil. The fabrication procedure was performed using nanomanipulation techniques combined with scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam technologies....
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Impact of strontium non-stoichiometry of SrxTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ on structural, electrical, and electrochemical properties for potential oxygen electrode of intermediate temperature solid oxide cells
PublicationThis work presents the results of a comprehensive study on the impact of the A-site non-stoichiometry of SrxTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ (x = 0.90, 0.95, 1.00, 1.05) ceramics on their physicochemical properties. The materials were fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method and their structure was determined by X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Their sintering and thermal expansion...
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Electrical signatures of Nimbostratus and Stratus clouds in ground-level vertical atmospheric electric field and current density at mid-latitude station Swider, Poland
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Constructing multifunctional nanofiller with reactive interface in PLA/CB-g-DOPO composites for simultaneously improving flame retardancy, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties
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Management information base module for electrical power system configuration and use = Baza informacji zarządzania opisująca konfigurację i wykorzystanie systemu elektroenergetycznego
PublicationStandardy dotyczące internetu opisują wirtualną bazę danych do zarządzania (MIB), dostępną za pośrednictwem protokołu SNMP. Nie istnieje aktualnie standardowy moduł MIB do monitorowania za pośrednictwem protokołu IP linii zasilających w budynkach, czy poza nimi. Niniejszy artykuł definiuje zawartość MIB do monitorowania systemu energetycznego.
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The Effect of Full-Cell Impregnation of Pine Wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on Changes in Electrical Resistance and on the Accuracy of Moisture Content Measurement Using Resistance Meters
PublicationThe impact of the full-cell impregnation of pine wood was investigated with respect to changes in electrical resistance and the accuracy of moisture content measurement. This study compared the resistance of impregnated and untreated pine timber harvested from the northern part of Poland (Pomeranian region). The wood was impregnated by the vacuum-pressure method. The preservative (TANALITH E 3475) and coloring (TANATONE 3950) agents...
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Simultaneous Recovery of Precious and Heavy Metal Ions from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Using Polymer Films Containing Cyphos IL 101
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Wykonanie instalacji elektrycznej a jakość energii elektrycznej. - Tł. z Plant Engineering. - Tyt. oryg.: Driving electrical reliability in power quality solutions / Mike Johnson
PublicationW arytukule przedstawiono rozwiązania techniczne instalacji elektrycznej poprawiające jakość energii elektrycznej. Podano charakterystykę urządzeń ograniczających przepięcia i zapewniających bezprzerwowe zasilanie odbiorników enetrgii elektrycznej.
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The joint effect of electrical conductivity and surface oxygen functionalities of carbon supports on the oxygen reduction reaction studied over bare supports and Mn–Co spinel/carbon catalysts in alkaline media
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Conception and design of a hybrid exciter for brushless synchronous generator. Application for autonomous electrical power systems = Koncepcja i projekt hybrydowej wzbudnicy bezszczotkowego generatora synchronicznego. Zastosowanie w autonomicznych systemach elektroenergetycznych.
PublicationThis paper covers a subject of a hybrid excitation system for a brushless synchronous generator working with variable speed in an autonomous energy generation system (e.g. airplane power grid). A hybrid excitation system (hybrid exciter) means a synchronous machine with wound-field and permanent magnet excitation. The hybrid exciter supply a dc field current to the synchronous generator field winding through a rotating rectifier....
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Conception and design of a hybrid exciter for brushless synchronous generator. Application for autonomous electrical power systems = Koncepcja i projekt hybrydowej wzbudnicy bezszczotkowego generatora synchronicznego. Zastosowanie w autonomicznych systemach elektroenergetycznych
PublicationIn this paper a hybrid excitation system for a brushless synchronous generator working with variable speed in an autonomous energy generation system (e.g. airplane power grid) has been presented. A conception of a dual-stator hybrid exciter has been proposed. Comparison study of classical and hybrid exciter has been carried out. For the electromagnetic calculation two approaches have been applied: an analytical approach (based...
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Potential Benefits Of Electricaly Driven Ferry, Case Study
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The applicability of shungite as an electrically conductive additive in cement composites
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High-speed fpga pipelined binary-to-residue converter
Publicationw pracy przedstawiono architekturę przepływowego konwertera z systemu z uzupełnieniem do 2 z systemu binarnego. zastosowano segmentację słowa wejściowego ze wstępną inwersją dla liczb ujemnych. reszty liczb reprezentowanych przez poszczególne segmenty są obliczane poprzez odczyt z pamięci adresowanej binarną reprezentacją segmentu. otrzymane reszty sumowane są w wielooperandowym sumatorze modulo z korekcją reszty dla liczb ujemnych.pracę...
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Facial Feature extraction from a monochromatic picture
PublicationFace pose determination represents an important area of research in Human Machine Interaction. In this paper, I describe a new method of extracting facial feature locations from a single monochromatic monocular camera for the purpose of estimating and tracking the three dimensional pose of human face and eye-gaze direction.
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Electrically Conductive Carbon‐based (Bio)‐nanomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering
PublicationA proper self-regenerating capability is lacking in human cardiac tissue which along with the alarming rate of deaths associated with cardiovascular disorders makes tissue engineering critical. Novel approaches are now being investigated in order to speedily overcome the challenges in this path. Tissue engineering has been revolutionized by the advent of nanomaterials, and later by the application of carbon-based nanomaterials...
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Electrically conductive acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives containing carbon black
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Finite-difference time-domain analyses of active cloaking for electrically-large objects
PublicationInvisibility cloaking devices constitute a unique and potentially disruptive technology, but only if they can work over broad bandwidths for electrically-large objects. So far, the only known scheme that allows for broadband scattering cancellation from an electrically-large object is based on an active implementation where electric and magnetic sources are deployed over a surface surrounding the object, but whose ‘switching on’...
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Practical aspects of testing superconducting electromagnets by the capacitor discharge method taking into account the non-linearity of circuit parameters
PublicationThe article presents selected issues related to the development and testing of the diagnostics systems dedicated for superconducting electromagnets. The systems were constructed to assess the production quality of superconducting electromagnets of the SIS100 synchrotron, a new accelerator being built as part of the Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). One of the systems is used for automatic checking of electrical connection...
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Influence of temperature and nitrogen pressure on the test without active gases for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells
PublicationHigh-Temperature Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (HT-PEMFCs) are a candidate for electrical energy supply devices in more and more applications. Most notably in the aeronautic industry. Before any use, an HT-PEMFC is preheated and after that supplied with its active gases. Only at this state, the diagnostics can be performed. A method of testing not requiring a complete start-up would be beneficial for many reasons. This article...
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Augmented speed control scheme of dual induction motors with mutual flux angle control loop
PublicationThis paper proposes an augmented speed control scheme of dual induction motors fed by a five-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) with a common/shared-leg. An additional control loop is proposed here and based on the mutual flux angle – the difference between flux angular positions of the IMs. The main purpose of this research is to minimize the energy losses in the common inverter leg by controlling the mutual flux angle, at equal...
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Core loss resistance impact on sensorless speed control of an induction motor using hybrid adaptive sliding mode observer
PublicationInduction motors (IMs) experience power losses when a portion of the input power is converted to heat instead of driving the load. The combined effect of copper losses, core losses, and mechanical losses results in IM power losses. Unfortunately, the core losses in the motor, which have a considerable impact on its energy efficiency, are not taken into account by the generally employed dynamic model in the majority of the studies. Due...
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Dead time effects compensation strategy by third harmonic injection for a five-phase inverter
PublicationThis paper proposes a method for compensation of dead-time effects for a fivephase inverter. In the proposed method an additional control subsystem was added to the field-oriented control (FOC) scheme in the coordinate system mapped to the third harmonic. The additional control loop operates in the fixed, orthogonal reference frame ( α - β coordinates) without the need for additional Park transformations. The purpose of this method...
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Design of battery charging system update for glider launcher
PublicationThis paper presents an innovative solution for increasing life of lead-acid batteries used in a glider launcher. The study is focused on upgrading a charging system instead of a costly full replacement of it. Based on literature review, the advanced three-stage charging profile was indicated. The new topology of the power converter was proposed and a simulation model was developed. A simulation study was performed which leads to...
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DC-link voltage balancing in cascaded H-Bridge converters
PublicationIn the paper a DC-link voltage balancing strategy for multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter is proposed. Presented solution bases on optimal choice of active vector durations in Space-Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SV-PWM). It makes it possible to DC-link voltages control and to properly generate the output voltage vector in the case of DC-link voltage unbalance. Results of simulation and experimental researches...
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Parameters identification of coreless axial fluxpermanent magnet generator
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Main inductances of induction motor for diagnostically specialized mathematical models
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Energy conversion in small water plants with variable speed PM generator
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Induced sheath voltages in 110 kV power cables – case study
PublicationThis paper considers electric shock hazard due to induced sheath voltages in 110 kV power cables. The purpose of this paper is to find an optimal configuration of the power cable system, taking into account electric shock hazard and ability of the system to transfer maximal power. A computer simulations on a computer model of the local power system, comprising high voltage power cables, were carried out. This model enables to analyse...
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Computational investigations of acoustic radiation from end shields of small-power electric motor
PublicationW artykule omówiono rozwój metod modelowania własności akustycznych maszyn elektrycznych. Wskazano na pomijalny dotąd, znaczący udział drgań tarcz łożyskowych w emitowaniu hałasu przez silniki małej mocy. Na podstawie równania falowego potencjału prędkości wyprowadzono analityczne formuły do obliczeń akustycznych w polu bliskim tarczy łożyskowej. Zamieszczono uzyskane z serii obliczeń dla pracującego silnika, rozkłady ciśnienia...
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Application of mechanical Barkhausen noise in assessment of X20 steel properties after heat treatment
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Dynamic variables limitation for backstepping control of induction machine and voltage source converter
PublicationDynamic variables limitation for backstepping control of induction machine and voltage source converter The paper presents the method of control of an induction squirrel-cage machine supplied by a voltage source converter. The presented idea is based on an innovative method of the voltage source converter control, consisting in direct joining of the motor control system with the voltage source rectifier control system. The combined...
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Comparative study with magnetic techniques of P91 and 13HMF steels properties subjected to fatigue tests
PublicationWykonano badania porównawcze technikami magnetycznymi właściwości stali P91 i 13HMF poddanych testowi zmęczenia
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Assembling and testing of quasi-static hybrid piezoelectric motor based on electroactive lubrication principle
PublicationThe presented paper concerns a novel concept of hybrid piezoelectric motor based on electroactive lubrication principle. Its structure is combined of quasi-static and resonance piezoelectric actuators, synchronizing their work to generate the rotary movement. The hybrid motor topology is compared to the existing piezoelectric motors, regarding its field of applications in embedded systems with very high security requirements. The...
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Frequency and time domain characteristics of digital control of electric vehicle in-wheel drives
PublicationIn-wheel electric drives are promising as actuators in active safety systems of electric and hybrid vehicles. This new function requires dedicated control algorithms, making it essential to deliver models that reflect better the wheel-torque control dynamics of electric drives. The timing of digital control events, whose importance is stressed in current research, still lacks an analytical description allowing for modeling its...
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Comparative analysis of coaxial magnetocumulative generators
PublicationThis paper presents the results of a computer simulation of coaxial magnetocumulative current generators (MCGs). The simulation tests were carried out for different values of the internal diameter, length and speed of the deformation of the MGP element.
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Model of the double-rotor induction motor in terms of electromagnetic differential
PublicationThe paper presents a concept, a construction, a circuit model and experimental results of the double-rotor induction motor. This type of a motor is to be implemented in the concept of the electromagnetic differential. At the same time it should fulfill the function of differential mechanism and the vehicle drive. One of the motor shafts is coupled to the direction changing mechanical transmission. The windings of the external rotor...
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Simulation of the remanence influence on the transient states in a single-phase multiwinding transformer
PublicationThis paper presents the mathematical model of a single-phase multi-winding core type transformer taking into account magnetic hysteresis phenomenon based on the feedback Preisach model (FPM). The set of loop differential equations was developed for a K-th winding transformer model where the flux linkages of each winding includes flux Φ common to all windings as a function of magneto motive force Θ of all windings. The first purpose...
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Non-proportional full-order Luenberger observers of induction motors
PublicationThe paper recapitulates recently conducted investigations of non-proportional Luenberger observers, applied to reconstruction of state variables of induction motors. Three structures of non-proportional observers are analyzed, a proportional-integral observer, modified integral observer and observer with integrators. Criteria for gain selection of the observer are described, classical ones based on poles, as well as additional,...
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Magnetic field gradient as the most useful signal for detection of flaws using MFL technique
PublicationThe magnetic flux leakage (MFL) technique is extensively used for detection of flaws as well as for evaluation of their dimensions in ferromagnetic materials. However, proper analysis of the MFL signal is hindered by the MFL sensor velocity causing distortions of this signal. Traditionally measured components of the MFL signal are particularly sensitive to the scanning velocity. In this paper, an another signal – the gradient of...
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Application of the Barkhausen effect probe with adjustable m agnetic field direction for stress state determination in the P91 ste el pipe
PublicationThe paper presents the results of application of a novel Barkhausen effect (BE) probe with adjustable magnetizing field direction for the stress level evaluation in ferromagnetic materials. The investigated sample was in a form of a pipe, made of P91 steel that was anisotropic due to the production process. The measurements were performed before and after welding, revealing the influence of welding process on the residual stress...
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On the application of magnetoelastic properties measureme nts for plastic level determination in martensitic steels
PublicationThe change in the dislocation density, induced by plastic deformation, influences strongly the magnetic domain structure inside the material. Being so, classic parameters, like the coercivity or magnetic permeability, can be a good measure of the deformation level, yet their reliable determination in a non-destructive way in industrial environment is problematic. The magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) which results from the non-180...
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Development and performance analysis of a novel multiphase doubly-fed induction generator
PublicationThis paper presents the research into the design and performance analysis of a novel five-phase doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The designed DFIG is developed based on standard induction motor components and equipped with a five-phase rotor winding supplied from the five-phase inverter. This approach allows the machine to be both efficient and reliable due to the ability of the five-phase rotor winding to operate during...
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Asymmetrical Modes in Polyphase Motors and Drives
PublicationThe effect of power supply and/or motor asymmetry on the phase-load distribution and the ripple of electromagnetic torque in a polyphase drive is studied by the method of symmetrical components. It is shown that the presence of asymmetry causes the mapping of all harmonics in the supply voltage into all planes of symmetrical components and eliminates the possibility of independent control of harmonics. The dynamic model of a five-phase...
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Improving sensitivity of residual current transformers to high frequency earth fault currents
PublicationFor protection against electric shock in low voltage systems residual current devices are commonly used. However, their proper operation can be interfered when high frequency earth fault current occurs. Serious hazard of electrocution exists then. In order to detect such a current, it is necessary to modify parameters of residual current devices, especially the operating point of their current transformer. The authors proposed...
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Nonreciprocity of a ferrite coupled microstrip-slot lines junction
PublicationW oparciu o wyniki modelowania numerycznego zbadano efekty niewzajemne występujące w strukturze sekcji sprzężonych poprzez warstwę ferrytu linii mikropaskowej i szczelinowej. Wykazano występowanie zjawiska periodycznej transformacji energii rodzaju mikropaskowego w rodzaj szczelinowy i odwrotnie.
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Plane wave scattering by an array of circular cylinders
PublicationMetodę dopasowania rodzajów zastosowano do połączenia zastępczego pola rozproszonego od dowolnej konfiguracji dwuwarstwowych prętów ferrytowych i dielektrycznych z pobudzeniem falą płaską. Zaprezentowano charakterystyki rozpraszania zarówno w strefie dalekiej jaki i bliskiej dla kilku konfiguracji prętów przy pobudzeniu falą płaską.
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Nonreciprocal components using junction of a ferrite coupled microstrip lines
PublicationW oparciu o wyniki modelowania numerycznego zbadano efekty niewzajemne występujące w złączach ferrytowych linii sprzężonych. Opracowano metodyki projektowania złączy w technice linii mikropaskowej dla realizacji ferrytowych układów niewzajemnych. Przeprowadzono symulację parametrów transmisyjnych szeregu układów niewzajemnych wykonanych techniką zintegrowaną.
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Ferrite posts in multi-port waveguide junctions
PublicationMetodę dopasowania rodzajów zastosowano do połączenia zastępczego pola rozproszonego od dowolnej konfiguracji jedno i dwuwarstwowych prętów ferrytowych i dielektrycznych z pobudzeniem z falowodu prostokątnego. Zaprezentowano częstotliwościowe charakterystyki macierzy rozproszenia dla rodzaju podstawowego. Zaobserwowano przełączające (czterowrotnik zawierający dwa pręty ferrytowe) własności badanych układów.
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Imaging of grains and internal stresses in GO Fe-Si alloy with Barkhauseneffects
PublicationBadano próbki stali transformatorowej Fe-Si ze strukturą zorientowaną (GO). Polowy efekt Barkhausena wykorzystano do zobrazowania ziaren pod warstwą ochronną a poziom naprężeń wewnętrznych wyznaczono wykorzystując mechaniczny efekt Barkhausena.
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Naval mine detection system based of FPGA circuit
PublicationElectrochemical processes take place in a metal object immersed into sea water even if an anticorrosive coating is applied [1]. As a result, flowing field appears around the object. There are naval mines between many other objects situated in the sea. Naval mines can be put in the seabed in order to be more difficult to detect by sonars. Such a mine is located on the line demarking two environments of different electrical conductivity....
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The passive operating mode of the linear optical gesture sensor
PublicationThe study evaluates the influence of natural light conditions on the effectiveness of the linear optical gesture sensor, working in the presence of ambient light only (passive mode). The orientations of the device in reference to the light source were modified in order to verify the sensitivity of the sensor. A criterion for the differentiation between two states - "possible gesture" and "no gesture" - was proposed. Additionally,...
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On simplification of residue scaling process in pipelined Radix-4 MQRNS FFT processor
PublicationResidue scaling is needed in pipelined FFT radix-4 processors based on the Modified Quadratic Residue Number System (MQRNS) at the output of each butterfly. Such processor uses serial connection of radix-4 butterflies. Each butterfly comprises n subunits, one for each modulus of the RNS base and generates four complex residue numbers. In order to prevent arithmetic overflow intermediate results after each butterfly have to be...
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Modelling of a 25 kV-50 Hz Railway Infrastructure for Harmonic Analysis
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Recreation of Voltage Fluctuation Using Basic Parameters Measured in the Power Grid
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Experimental Comparison of Designed Inductance Coils for Wireless Power Transfer
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Parallel processing of multimedia streams
PublicationRozdział przedstawia platformę KASKADA służącą do przetwarzania strumieni multimedialnych. Został opisany jej projekt: diagramy UML klas i sekwencji obrazujące mechanizmy przetwarzania strumieni, oraz szczegóły komunikacji. Zaprezentowano, również, specjalistyczny framework wspomagający tworzenie i wykonywanie algorytmów, jak również definiowanie scenariuszy usług, wraz z oceną ich użyteczności.
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A Combined TOPSIS and FA Based Strategic Analysis of Technical Condition of High Power Transformers
PublicationThe paper presents mathematical model { TOPSIS method, which was utilized on insulating state of distribution transformer to analyze and sensibility of individual measurements methods mutual comparison. We can uniquely determine the importance of these measurements methods with this mathematical appara- tus in these measurements methods in insulating state of transformers.
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Pipelined division of signed numbers with the use of residue arithmetic in FPGA
PublicationAn architecture of a pipelined signed residue divider for small number ranges is presented. The divider makes use of the multiplicative division algorithm where initially the reciprocal of the divisor is calculated and subsequently multiplied by the dividend. The divisor represented in the signed binary form is used to compute the approximated reciprocal in the residue form by the table look-up. In order to reduce the needed length...
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Wear estimation of current collector contact strips by analysis of a 3D scanning results
PublicationThe technical condition of current collector contact strips is very important when operational reliability of railway transportation is considered. The authors proposed a novel measurement system based on a 3D camera to register the shape and dimensions of the current collector contact strips surface. The system was installed above the railway track for tests in target ambient. During the trial operation a few dozen of contact...
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3D scanning system for railway current collector contact strips
PublicationUndisturbed collection of current from a contact wire of the catenary constitutes one of the basic elements in reliable operation of electrified rail transport, particularly when vehicles move at high speed. Quality of current collection is influenced by the construction of catenary and current collectors, as well as by the technical condition and regulation of these two elements. Total contact force of a current collector head...
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Simulation model of IPMSM drive with rotor position estimator
PublicationThe paper presents a simulation model of electric drive consisting of: IPMSM motor, inverter and digital controller. The model was designed in Mathlab/Simulink. By modelling of the controller its discrete operation was taken into account in order to simulate precisely a specific sensorless control algorithm. A method for estimation of angular rotor position was proposed. Its mathematical algorithm was explained and errors were...
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Multisource model of ship electric field
PublicationA steel-hulled ship in sea water produces an electric field around itself. The source of this field are electrochemical processes and ship's cathodic protection. The analysis of the electric field around the ship is important by the reason of the ship's identification and counter-mine protection. The paper presents a simplified model of the ship's multisource electric field, which allows to calculate the electric field distribution...
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Comparison of induction motor bearing diagnostic test results through vibration and stator current measurement
PublicationThe paper discusses results of tests performed by authors, related to the angine bearings diagnostic using vibration and stator current measurements. The paper contains the description of an automatic measurement system, developed for measurement of those harmonics and processing that to obtain bearing diagnostic information. System was tested on objects with intentionally made defects in bearings, results of this test was also...
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Serial control of CNC machines
PublicationIn this paper a new method of the serial control of CNC machines is proposed. Actuators are controlled locally and the role of the central computer is limited to sending commands to the controller instead of sending it directly to actuators. It has been achieved with the use of the serial protocol with the use of the USB port. The taken approach leads to more reliable operation because commands are buffered and no synchronization...
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Time-Gating method with automatic calibration for accurate measurements of electrically small antenna radiation patterns in Non-Anechoic environments
PublicationNon-anechoic sites represent a cheap alternative to measurements of antennas in dedicated facilities. However, due to a high noise—from the external EM signal sources and multipath interferences—the quality of radiation patterns obtained in non-anechoic conditions is poor. The characteristics can be corrected using a time-gating method (TGM), which involves filtering of the noise based on temporal analysis of the measured signals....
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ASSESSMENT OF UNDERPOWER ED PROPULSION MACHINERY IN ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN SMALL INLAND WATERWAY PASSENGER SHIPS FROM CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY POINT OF View
PublicationPaper presents short operat ional a nd engineering analysis of underpowered propulsion in small electrically propelled small inland passenger ships. There is evidence that in certain weather conditions the phenomena of added aerodynamic resistance of small water crafts may have serious influence on their speed and manoeuvrability. Existing regulations like class societies rules for ship classification and construction or EU Directive 2006/87/EC do...
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Assessment of under power ed propulsion machinery in electrically driven small inland waterway passenger ships from classification society point of view
PublicationPaper presents short operat ional a nd engineering analysis of underpowered propulsion in small electrically propelled small inland passenger ships. There is evidence that in certain weather conditions the phenomena of added aerodynamic resistance of small water crafts may have seriou s influence on their speed and manoeuvrability. Existing regulations like class societies rules for ship classification and construction or EU Directive 2006/87/EC do...
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Switching off direct current with contactors: A laboratory exercise
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Sliding mode multiscalar control of induction motor
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Electrohydrodynamic Secondary Flow and Particle Collection Efficiency in a One-sided Spike-plate Type Electrostatic Precipitator
PublicationIn this work, results of electrohydrodynamic secondary flow and particle collection efficiency measurements in an electrostatic precipitator under positive and negative voltage polarity are presented. The electrostatic precipitator had two plate collecting electrodes and a single spike discharge electrode. The spike tips were only on one side of the discharge electrode, therefore called a one-sided spike electrode. The electrohydrodynamic...
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The adaptive backstepping control of PMSM supplied by current source inverter for the field weakening region
PublicationThe sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor PMSM supplied by current source inverter for field weakening operation is presented in this paper. The adaptive backstepping control system and the backstepping speed observer are presented. The control system is based on multi-scalar variables. The control variables are: dc-link voltage and the output current vector pulsation. The control system was named voltage...
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Exact generation of voltage vector in voltage inverter with pulse width modulation
PublicationW artykule zaproponowano metodę modulacji szerokości impulsów dla falownika napięcia. Proponowana metoda rozwiązuje problemy związane z kompensacją czasów martwych oraz kompensacją wpływu parametrów łączników energolelektronicznych na napięcie wjściowe falownika. W artykule zaprezentowano metodę kompensacji między innymi pojemności pasożytniczych tranzystorów, dyskretyzacji czasów załączeń tranzystorów. Przedstawiona metoda modulacji...
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Problems of diagnosing fire alarm systems in transport facilities
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Effects of independent magnetic fields in the very low frequency range elf generated by selected elements of an electric traction unit on the ambient environment and electronic systems
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Conducted EMI Propagation Paths in DC-AC Hard Switching Converter
PublicationIn order to limit the electromagnetic interference (EMI) in power electronics devices, knowledge about the phenomena connected with EMI generation and propagation is necessary. This papers describes the propagation paths in the 3 phase voltage source inverter using wide-band simulation and laboratory test with the signal processing method Wiener filtering, where the transfer functions between voltage across switches and the perturbation...
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Electrohydrodynamic secondary flow and particle collection efficiency in spike-plate multi-electrode electrostatic precipitator
PublicationIn this work the results of electrohydrodynamic (EHD) secondary flow measurements in a spike-plate type electrostatic precipitator (ESP) are presented. In the investigated ESP two-sided and one-sided spike electrodes were used as a discharge electrodes. The results of 2D PIV measurements showed that flow pattern obtained for a different spike tips positions in respect to the primary flow direction significantly changing the flow...
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Collection Efficiency in Narrow Electrostatic Precipitators with a Longitudinal or Transverse Wire Electrode
PublicationRecently narrow electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have become a subject of interest because of their possible application in diesel engine exhaust systems. In this work, results of particle collection efficiency measurements in narrow electrostatic precipitators for negative and positive dc voltage polarity are presented. The ESP usedin this work was a parallelepiped equipped with wire discharge electrode and two collecting plate-electrodes....
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A novel method based on adaptive cuckoo search for optimal network reconfiguration and distributed generation allocation in distribution network
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Design of Intelligent Low-Voltage Load Switch for Remote Control System in Smart Grid
PublicationCurrent low-voltage load switches do not support remote disconnect/connect and real-time monitoring of a disconnect/connect state. Addressing to these issues, this paper presents a low-voltage load switch for a smart remote control system, which uses a one-chip microcontroller board and a DC step motor drive mechanism and provides the feedback on the switch status also. Arrears disconnect and full-pay connect control is implemented...
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Rozpoznawanie oraz lokalizacja w obrazie przewodów linii wysokiego napięcia
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono opracowany algorytm rozpoznawania oraz lokalizacji przewodów linii wysokiego napięcia na podstawie obrazu horyzontalnego. Procedura detekcji przewodu została podzielona na trzy etapy. Pierwszy etap zawiera algorytm wykrywania krawędzi wykazujący największą czułość na krawędzie poziome, a jednocześnie brak czułości na krawędzie pionowe. Efektem jest znaczna redukcja liczby wykrytych krawędzi w porównaniu do...
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Algorytmy wykrywania krawędzi w obrazie
PublicationWykrywanie krawędzi jest pierwszym etapem w cyfrowym przetwarzaniu obrazów. Operacja ta polega na usunięciu informacji takich jak kolor czy też jasność, a pozostawieniu jedynie krawędzi. Efektem tej operacji jest znaczna redukcja ilości danych do dalszej analizy. Pozwala to na zastosowanie w następnych etapach bardziej złożonych algorytmów rozpoznawania obiektów na podstawie kształtu. W artykule zaprezentowano zastosowanie algorytmów...
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Zastosowanie metody elementów skończonych w procesie topnienia medium
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy numerycznej procesu topnienia materiału w dwóch modelach cieplnych. Założono, że w rozpatrywanych układach transport ciepła zachodzi wyłącznie mechanizmem przewodzenia. Obliczenia zrealizowano z wykorzystaniem metody entalpowej za pomocą programu ANSYS Fluent. Sprawdzono bilans energetyczny rozwiązania i wykazano prawność otrzymanych wyników.
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FPGA realization of an improved alpha max plus beta min algorithm
PublicationThe generalized improved version of the alpha max plus beta min square-rooting algorithm and its realization in the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) are presented. The algorithm computes the square root to calculate the approximate magnitude of a complex sample. It is especially useful for pipelined calculations in the DSP. In case of four approximation regions it is possible to reduce the peak error form 3.95% to 0.33%. This...
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On configuration of residue scaling process in pipelined radix-4 MQRNS FFT processor
PublicationResidue scaling is needed in pipelined FFT radix-4 processors based on the Modified Quadratic Residue Number System (MQRNS) at the output of each butterfly. Such processor uses serial connection of radix-4 butterflies. Each butterfly comprises n subunits, one for each modulus of the RNS base and outputs four complex residue numbers. In order to prevent the arithmetic overflow in the succesive stage, every number has to be scaled,...
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Using Alpha-beta filtration for robustness improvement of a quadrocopter positioning system
PublicationQuadrocopter is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. The position of the robot is determined based on readings from an accelerometer and a gyroscope, but the measurement signals contain broadband noise. This article describes a solution for filtering out the noise based on an Alpha – beta filter. It also presents the methodology of designing and implementing such a filter for noise cancellation in measurement signals from...
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ZABURZENIA SŁABEGO POLA MAGNETYCZNEGO PRZEZ ZANIECZYSZCZONE MAGNETYCZNIE TWORZYWA SZTUCZNE
PublicationBadania słabych pól magnetycznych wymaga zastosowania precyzyjnych magnetometrów pracujących w układzie różnicowym. Dwa magnetometry pompowane optycznie pracujące w układzie różnicowym pozwalają na pomiary zaburzeń modułu indukcji magnetycznej rzędu 10pT. Dla tak precyzyjnych pomiarów pola magnetycznego niezbędne jest zastosowanie odpowiednich materiałów wchodzących w skład budowy systemu magnetometrycznego. Przedstawiono wyniki...
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Wpływ wartości skutecznej sygnału na dokładność pomiaru zawartości harmonicznych
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Analiza rozkładu pola magnetycznego w kadłubie okrętu z cewkami układu demagnetyzacyjnego
PublicationOkręty wyposażone są w system automatycznej demagnetyzacji. W zależności od kursu okrętu prądy płynące w cewkach umieszczonych wewnątrz okrętu minimalizują pole własne okrętu. Uzwojenia demagnetyzacyjne powinny być tak rozmieszczone, aby zapewniały w przybliżeniu równomierny rozkład pola magnetycznego w kadłubie okrętu. Z tego względu konieczne jest określenie odpowiedniego rozkładu przestrzennego uzwojeń demagnetyzacyjnych okrętu....
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METODY OGRZEWANIA ROZJAZDÓW KOLEJOWYCH
PublicationRozjazdy kolejowe są elementem dróg kolejowych o krytycznym znaczeniu dla zachowania bezpieczeństwa ruchu pojazdów szynowych w warunkach zimowych. W pracy przedstawiono współczesne metody ogrzewania rozjadów kolejowych.
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Radix-4 dft butterfly realization with the use of the modified quadratic residue number system
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano projektowanie i realizację obliczenia motylkowego dft dla podstawy 4 z użyciem zespolonego systemu resztowego (CRNS) i zmodyfikowanego kwadratowego systemu resztowego (MQRNS). System MQRNS oprócz własności dekompozycyjnych pozwala na realizację mnożenia zespolonego przy zastosowaniu trzech mnożeń rzeczywistych. Przedstawiono konwertery wejściowy CRNS/MQRNS i wyjściowy MQRNS/CRNS, mnożenie zespolone w MQRNS,...
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FPGA realization of the high-speed residue-to-binary converter based on chinese remainder theorem
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono architekturę, realizację FPGA oraz symulację numeryczną na poziomie bitowym szybkiego konwertera z systemu resztowego do systemu binarnego dla modułów 5-bitowych opartego na chińskim twierdzeniu o resztach. Algorytm konwertera obejmuje obliczanie projekcji ortogonalnych poprzez odczyt pamięci oraz sumowanie modulo M realizowane dwustopniowo, pierwszy stopień oparty o sumatory CSA umożliwia redukcję do zakresu...