Search results for: internal structure
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Model of aeration system at biological wastewater treatment plant for control design purposes
PublicationThe wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a dynamic, very complex system, in which the most important control parameter is the dissolved oxygen (DO) con-centration. The air is supplied to biological WWTP by the aeration system. Aera-tion is an important and expensive activity in WWTP. The aeration of sewage ful-fils a twofold role. Firstly, oxygen is provided as the main component for biolog-ical processes. Secondly, it supports...
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Influence of the femoral offset on the muscles passive resistance in total hip arthroplasty
PublicationBackground Soft tissue tension is treated as a crucial factor influencing the post-THA dislocation. The femoral offset is regarded as one of the major parameters responsible for the stabilization of the prosthesis. It is unclear which soft tissue is mostly affected by the offset changes. Methods A finite element model of the hip was created. The model comprised muscles, bones, a stem, the acetabular component and a liner. The muscles...
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Experimental Studies of Concrete-Filled Composite Tubes under Axial Short- and Long-Term Loads
PublicationThe paper presents experimental studies on axially compressed columns made of concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tubes. The infill concrete was C30/37 according to Eurocode 2. The investigated composite pipes were characterized by different angles of fiber winding in relation to the longitudinal axis of the element: 20, 55 and 85 degrees. Columns of two lengths, 0.4 m and 2.0 m, were studied. The internal diameter...
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Distributed Framework for Visual Event Detection in Parking Lot Area
PublicationThe paper presents the framework for automatic detection of various events occurring in a parking lot basing on multiple camera video analysis. The framework is massively distributed, both in the logical and physical sense. It consists of several entities called node stations that use XMPP protocol for internal communication and SRTP protocol with Jingle extension for video streaming. Recognized events include detecting parking...
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CPTU/DMT control of heavy tamping compaction of sands
PublicationHeavy tamping compaction method in cohesionless alluvial soil was evaluated with CPTU and DMT tests. Some examples of interpretation of soundings in pre-treated and compacted sands are given. The compaction work was performed in two stages. Compaction control was performed after each stage of tamping. Additional tests were performed two weeks after the compaction works completion to study the set-up effect. While typical increase...
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Assessing the failure of Open Government Data initiatives in Brazil
PublicationWhile assessing the potential of a particular digital innovation initiative, especially when it has implications for a range of societal stakeholders, it becomes pertinent to understand the possible bottlenecks in its acceptability as well. In this regard, the present study seeks to understand how the Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives in Brazil are being confronted with bottlenecks in terms of their execution and acceptability....
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Chinese Foreign Direct Investments in Europe. The Polish Case
PublicationThe first aim of this paper is to analyze the features that have motivated Chinese outbound investments in the European Union. The paper outlines also the policies adopted by the European institutions and its member states to encourage the increase of the Chinese FDI without harming the internal European market, and consequently phase out all concerns that are afflicting the European public opinion. The second purpose is more focused...
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Verification of punching shear outside the shear cap by the direct method
PublicationThe proposition of a method to verify the punching resistance for very large supports based on the EN 1992-1-1 standard is described in this paper. The present standard guidelines for the calculation of the punching resistance for large supports are also summarised. The proposed direct method is compared with other standard methods using an example taken from design practice. This method consists of a direct check of the shear...
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Micro-modelling of shear localization during quasi-static confined granular flow in silos using DEM
PublicationThe paper deals with the quasi-static confined flow of cohesionless sand in a plane strain model silo with parallel walls and a slowly movable bottom. Numerical modelling was carried out by the discrete element method (DEM) using spheres with contact moments to approximately capture a non-uniform shape of sand particles. Different initial void ratios of sand and silo wall roughness grades were employed. Regular triangular grooves...
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Daily diet containing canned products significantly increases serum concentrations of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A in young women
PublicationNowadays, exposure to environmental factors is considered to be one of the possible causes of several lifestyle diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Particularly noteworthy are endocrine‑disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which affect the metabolism of hormones and interact with their receptors, thus exerting adverse health effects. One of the most ubiquitous EDC in daily life is bisphenol A...
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Advances in analysis, quantification and modelling of N2O emission in SBRs under various DO set points
PublicationNitrous oxide (N2O), considered a major greenhouse gas (GHG) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), is produced during both nitrification and denitrification processes; hence, it needs to be controlled by internal and external strategies. Various factors, such as DO, temperature, and pH, could be incorporated into the mitigation of emissions in WWTPs. In this research, potential operational strategies were investigated in order...
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Numerical methodology for evaluation the combustion and emissions characteristics on WLTP in the light duty dual-fuel diesel vehicle
PublicationThe worldwide aim of reducing environmental impact from internal combustion engines bring more and more stringent emission regulations. In 2017 by EU has been adopted new harmonized test procedure called WLTP. In general terms this test was designed for determining the levels of harmful emissions and fuel consumption of traditional and hybrid cars. This procedure contains specific driving scenarios which representing reallife driving...
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Processing, Performance Properties, and Storage Stability of Ground Tire Rubber Modified by Dicumyl Peroxide and Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers
PublicationIn this paper, ground tire rubber was modified with dicumyl peroxide and a variable content (in the range of 0–15 phr) of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers characterized by different vinyl acetate contents (in the range of 18–39 wt.%). Modification of ground tire rubber was performed via an auto-thermal extrusion process in which heat was generated during internal shearing of the material inside the extruder barrel. The processing,...
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On the Use of Selected 4th Generation Nuclear Reactors in Marine Power Plants
PublicationThis article provides a review of the possibility of using different types of reactors to power ships. The analyses were carried out for three different large vessels: a container ship, a liquid gas carrier and a bulk carrier. A novelty of this work is the analysis of the proposal to adapt marine power plants to ecological requirements in shipping by replacing the conventional propulsion system based on internal combustion engines...
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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Methods in Interferometric Echo Sounding
PublicationNowadays, there are two leading sea sounding technologies: the multibeam echo sounder and the multiphase echo sounder (also known as phase-dierence side scan sonar or bathymetric side scan sonar). Both solutions have their advantages and disadvantages, and they can be perceived as complementary to each other. The article reviews the development of interferometric echo sounding array configurations and the various methods applied...
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Nanotubular Oxide Layer Formed on Helix Surfaces of Dental Screw Implants
PublicationSurface modification is used to extend the life of implants. To increase the corrosion resistance and improve the biocompatibility of metal implant materials, oxidation of the Ti-13Nb- 13Zr titanium alloy was used. The samples used for the research had the shape of a helix with a metric thread, with their geometry imitating a dental implant. The oxide layer was produced by a standard electrochemical method in an environment of...
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Do mistakes acceptance foster innovation? Polish and US cross-country study of tacit knowledge sharing in IT
PublicationAbstract Purpose – This study aims to understand and compare how the mechanism of innovative processes in the information technology (IT) industry – the most innovative industry worldwide – is shaped in Poland and the USA in terms of tacit knowledge awareness and sharing driven by a culture of knowledge and learning, composed of a learning climate and mistake acceptance. Design/methodology/approach – Study samples were drawn from...
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Miniaturized passive emission test chamber for in-situ measurement of emissions of organic compounds
PublicationThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air (outdoor). One of the main groups of chemical compounds present in indoor air, with proven harmfulness to health,are volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs present indoor comprise a wide variety of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons derivatives including aliphatic, aromatics, alkylbenzens,...
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Innovation in the strategies of Polish provinces - a comparative study of selected cases
PublicationMany strategic management theorists and practitioners believe that the implementation of innovation is one of the key factors determining the company success and show the relationship between long-term innovation strategy and business development strategy. It has also been claimed that similar strategies should be developed for each unit of public administrationMinistry of Economy has set National Development Strategy 2007-2015...
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Numerical Analysis of Mice Carotid Arteries’ Response Emphasizing the Importance of Material Law Constants’ Validation
PublicationIn this paper, a detailed validation of the passive material properties of mice carotid arteries and constants of the Fung and Holzapfel hyperelastic material laws is conducted by means of static nonlinear FEM analyses. The response of the carotid arteries in an inflation test is studied here for the following mouse models: wild-type, mdx, sgcd−/−, Eln+/+, Eln+/−, Fbln5+/+, and Fbln5−/−. All FEM computations are conducted on models...
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CONDITIONS OF THE GREEN TRANSFORMATION. THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
PublicationThe main purpose of the paper is to identify the factors that determine the course of green transformation and to assess the current stage and possible directions of change in subsequent years in EU countries. The literature lacks comprehensive studies that show the impact of diverse types of factors on the course of green transformation. For this purpose, two perspectives of the research – economic and environmental – are usually...
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Analysis of Investments in RES Based on the Example of Photovoltaic Panels in Conditions of Uncertainty and Risk—A Case Study
PublicationThe aim of this study is to examine the profitability of investment in a photovoltaic microinstallation, to analyze the impact of legal changes on its profitability, and to perform a sensitivity analysis of the investment profitability to energy price changes. The novelty of the research applies to the financial analysis of two legal systems of discount called net-metering and net-billing. The two systems and the change in energy...
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Application of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARSplines) for Predicting Hansen Solubility Parameters Based on 1D and 2D Molecular Descriptors Computed from SMILES String
PublicationA new method of Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) prediction was developed by combining the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSplines) methodology with a simple multivariable regression involving 1D and 2D PaDEL molecular descriptors. In order to adopt the MARSplines approach to QSPR/QSAR problems, several optimization procedures were proposed and tested. The effectiveness of the obtained models was checked via standard...
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Correlation–polarization effects in electron/positron scattering from acetylene: A comparison of computational models
PublicationDifferent computational methods are employed to evaluate elastic (rotationally summed) integral and differential cross sections for low energy (below about 10 eV) positron scattering off gas-phase C2H2 molecules. The computations are carried out at the static and static-plus-polarization levels for describing the interaction forces and the correlation–polarization contributions are found to be an essential component for the correct...
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Analytical tools for functional assessment of architectural layouts
PublicationFunctional layout of the building, understood as a layout or set of the facility rooms (or groups of rooms) with a system of internal communication, creates an environment and a place of mutual relations between the occupants of the object. Achieving optimal (from the occupants’ point of view) spatial arrangement is possible through activities that often go beyond the stage of architectural design. Adopted in the architectural...
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Nodal models of Pressurized Water Reactor core for control purposes – A comparison study
PublicationThe paper focuses on the presentation and comparison of basic nodal and expanded multi-nodal models of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) core, which includes neutron kinetics, heat transfer between fuel and coolant, and internal and external reactivity feedback processes. In the expanded multi-nodal model, the authors introduce a novel approach to the implementation of thermal power distribution phenomena into the multi-node...
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Rapid ion-exchange matrix removal for a decrease of detection limits in the analysis of salt-rich reservoir waters for fluorobenzoic acids by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
PublicationA matrix removal procedure with ion-exchange resin prior to analysis for 18 fluorinated benzoic acids (FBAs) tracers in saline (>25% salt) reservoir water was optimized. The elimination of >98% of salt and the simultaneous matrix sample cleanup allowed the direct analysis using the supernatant by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This resulted in a gain in detection limits for most of the tracers...
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Attributes of Entrepreneurial Teams as Elements of a Mental Model
PublicationAn entrepreneurial team can be defined as a small group of individuals holding ownership or control positions who create or develop an entrepreneurial venture and have shared commitments towards each other. Entrepreneurial teams start numerous new ventures or affect the performance of firms due to their social capital based on some characteristic attributes. The mental models of teams refer to internal, organised representation...
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Sensitive simultaneous determination of 19 fluorobenzoic acids in saline waters by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
PublicationA solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using C18 stationary phase was optimized for the preconcentration of 19 fluorinated derivatives of benzoic acid (FBA): mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrafluorosubstituted in the ring, trifluoromethylbenzoic acid and 3,5-bistrifluoromethyl benzoic acid from undiluted salt-rich (>20%) reservoir waters. Quantitative (>90%) retention/elution of 16 out of 19 analyte compounds was achieved allowing a...
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Flow cytometric approach to evaluate the impact of hydro-technical concrete compounds’ release to the freshwater microbiome
PublicationThe aim of this research was to test the potential of applying a flow cytometric procedure to evaluate the impact of concrete compounds’ release to the freshwater microbiome. Cells from the collected samples were stained with a fluorogenic redox indicator dye that measures the redox potential of microbial cells. This novel approach was combined with the assessment of microorganisms’ penetration into the internal structures of concrete...
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Techno‐economic evaluation of a natural deep eutectic solvent‐based biorefinery: Exploring different design scenarios
PublicationThis paper presents a comprehensive techno‐economic evaluation of an integrated natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES)‐based biorefinery – a 1 ton day−1 capacity design plant. The key parameters include payback period, net present value (NPV), and internal rate of return (IRR). These were compared with the parameters of conventional biorefineries. The ‘n th plant’ results clearly revealed that the single product‐based biorefinery...
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Design principles for creating digital transparency in government
PublicationUnder pressure to fight corruption, hold public officials accountable, and build trust with citizens, many governments pursue the quest for greater transparency. They publish data about their internal operations, externalize decision-making processes, establish digital inquiry lines to public officials, and employ other forms of transparency using digital means. Despite the presence of many transparency-enhancing digital tools,...
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Diagnosing wind turbine condition employing a neural network to the analysis of vibroacoustic signals
PublicationIt is important from the economic point of view to detect damage early in the wind turbines before failures occur. For this purpose, a monitoring device was built that analyzes both acoustic signals acquired from the built-in non-contact acoustic intensity probe, as well as from the accelerometers, mounted on the internal devices in the nacelle. The signals collected in this way are used for long-term training of the autoencoder...
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Laser-assisted modification of titanium dioxide nanotubes in a tilted mode as surface modification and patterning strategy
PublicationElectrochemical anodization is regarded as a facile and easily scalable fabrication method of titania nanotubes (TiO2NTs). However, due to the extended duration of calcination and further modifications, much faster alternatives are highly required. As a response to growing interest in laser modification of nanotube arrays, a comprehensive investigation of pulsed-laser irradiation and its effect onto TiO2NT properties has been carried out....
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Conditions controlling atmospheric pollutant deposition via snowpack
PublicationSolid precipitation represents a potentially important addition to other measures of deposition. However, an accurate estimate of snowfall amount and pollutant loading is not a trivial matter. There are obvious distinctions between regular precipitation collection and snowpack sampling that represent the cumulative chemistry of bulk deposition. The main goal is to show the most important processes and factors that may influence...
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Mercury concentrations in marine biota with special focus on grey and ringed seals
PublicationMarine organisms are exposed and sensitive to effects of environmental contamination by heavy metals including different forms of mercury. Baltic seals as the top predators of the marine ecosystem are even more endangered due to (considerable) longevity as well as a long biological half-time of toxin elimination. The concentrations of mercury in seals from the Baltic is poorly known, thus the aim of this work is to determine and...
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Feasibility of combined diesel engine - steam turbine in power station operating in the maritime
PublicationCompression-ignition engines used in ship technology as main propulsion engines are large units reaching even to 50-60 MW. Currently, the efficiency of such engines amounts to 45-50%. With such a large power unit, exhaust gases leaving the engine contain very large quantities of heat available for further treatment. Exhaust gases from the piston engine contain about 25% of the heat supplied to the engine in the fuel. Using the...
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Dynamic model of nuclear power plant turbine
PublicationThe paper presents the dynamic multivariable model of Nuclear Power Plant steam turbine. Nature of the processes occurring in a steam turbine causes a task of modeling it very difficult, especially when this model is intended to be used for on-line optimal process control (model based) over wide range of operating conditions caused by changing power demand. Particular property of developed model is that it enables calculations...
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Entire fracture surface topography parameters for fatigue life assessment of 10H2M steel
PublicationIn this paper, the entire fracture surface approach was used to assess an effect of 280,000 h of exploitation under internal pressure of 2.9 MPa and high temperature of 540 °C on the fatigue response of 10H2M (10CrMo9–10) power engineering steel. The mechanical testing was carried out on the hourglass specimens produced from the as-received, unused pipeline and the same material after long-time exploitation. The uniaxial tensile...
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Static Shape and Stress Control of Trusses with Optimum Time, Actuators and Actuation
PublicationTraditional shape and stress control of structures use many actuators and require enormous time to find reasonable solutions that need designers to input specific target displacement and stress. This study employs a linear technique to static shape and stress control of pin-jointed assemblies as a theoretical advancement to prior works and provides a comparative analysis against previously established works. The study evaluates...
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Data on LEGO sets release dates and retail prices combined with aftermarket transaction prices between June 2018 and June 2023.
Open Research DataThe dataset contains LEGO bricks sets item count and pricing history for AI-based set pricing prediction.
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Application of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARSplines) Methodology for Screening of Dicarboxylic Acids Cocrystal Using 1D and 2D Molecular Descriptors
PublicationDicarboxylic acids (DiAs) are probably one of the most popular cocrystals formers. Due to the high hydrophilicity and non-toxicity, they are promising solubilizes of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Although DiAs appear to be highly capable of forming multicomponent crystals with various compounds, some systems reported in the literature are physical mixtures the solid state without forming stable intermolecular complex....
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Hierarchical dissolved oxygen control for activated sludge processes
PublicationA hierarchical controller for tracking the dissolved oxygen reference trajectory in activated sludge processes is proposed and investigated. The removal of nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater is considered. Typically, an aeration system itself is a complicated hybrid nonlinear dynamical system with faster dynamics compared to the internal dynamics of the dissolved oxygen in a biological reactor. It is a common approach to...
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Bearing capacity of working platform using distinct layout optimization method
PublicationBearing capacity of the working platforms from sandy soil resting on NC and OC clays was analyzed using LimitState GEO program. Different failure modes are considered using distinct layout optimization (DLO) method, which forms the upper bound solution of limit state analysis. Different mechanisms of failure were observed as a function of the platform thickness, angle of internal friction of the platform material and undrained...
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Modelling of planar movement dynamics of upper limb
PublicationThe original model describing planar movement dynamics of upper limb is presented. The upper limb is modelled as two-joints system loaded by external forces and internal forces of striated skeletal muscles. A behaviour of each muscle is modelled as a system composed of serially linked rheologic fragments that have different mechanical properties. These muscle models allow us to simulate a behaviour of short fusiform muscle (3DOF...
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In situ study of a composition of outlet gases from biogas fuelled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell performed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
PublicationThe purpose of this study was to develop a method and software based on the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for the in-situ, quantitative analysis of the composition of outlet gases from Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The calibration procedure performed at the beginning of the experiment indicated a polynomial dependence between the concentration of a calibrating gas (CO, CO2, CH4) and the corresponding integrated absorbance in...
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Effects of Noncontact Shoulder Tool Velocities on Friction Stir Joining of Polyamide 6 (PA6)
PublicationIn this study, the effects of the traverse and rotational velocities of the noncontact shoulder tool on the heat generation and heated flux during the friction stir joining of high-density polyamide 6 (PA6) polymer were investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed to simulate the thermomechanical phenomena during the friction stir joining (FSJ) process of PA6. A developed model was used to consider the...
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Influence of Annealing Atmospheres on Photoelectrochemical Activity of TiO2 Nanotubes Modified with AuCu Nanoparticles
PublicationIn this article, we studied the annealing process of AuCu layers deposited on TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) conducted in various atmospheres such as air, vacuum, argon, and hydrogen in order to obtain materials active in both visible and UV–vis ranges. The material fabrication route covers the electrochemical anodization of a Ti plate, followed by thin AuCu film magnetron sputtering and further thermal treatment. Scanning electron microscopy...
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Combined cold supply system for ship application based on low GWP refrigerants - Thermo-economic and ecological analyses
PublicationThe withdrawal of popular high-GWP refrigerants will significantly affect maritime industry. Refrigeration and air conditioning systems currently used on ships are not ready to fulfil future limitations. Therefore, there is a need for system, which will operate with low-GWP refrigerants and at the same time will be efficient and reliable in difficult environmental conditions. This paper explains the concept of a cold supply system,...
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External Security Strategies of Belarus
PublicationUnder President Lukashenko, three Belarusian national security strategies have been announced: the first in 1995, the second in 2001 and the third in 2011. The first proposal, formulated after Lukashenko’s victory in the presidential elections in 1994, outlined Belarus as a neutral state, unbound to any military block in the absence of external enemies. The direction of the foreign policy pursued by the president of Belarus was...