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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: cosmetic emulsion
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Photophysics of Soret-Excited Tin(IV) Porphyrins in Solution
PublikacjaThe photophysics of low-chlorin tin(IV) tetraphenylporphyrin dihydroxide, a core building block for axially substituted supramolecular tin porphyrin constructs, has been studied in a variety of hydrogen-bonding, nonpolar, and aprotic polar solvents using steady-state, nanosecond, and femtosecond time-resolved emission, and femtosecond time-resolved absorption methods. In hydrogen-bonding solvents the metalloporphyrin exists as...
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Removal of BTEX Compounds From Waste Gases; Destruction and Recovery Techniques
PublikacjaThe tendency for BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) to spread into all compartments of the environment together with their influence on both ecosystem and human health means that the emission of thesecompounds into the air is becoming the matter of worldwide concern. The legal regulations introduced by the European Union governing the assessment and management of air quality obliges member states to systematically...
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Optimization of combined heat and power (CHP) market allocation: The case of Poland
PublikacjaCombined heat and power (CHP), that is production of electricity and useful heat in a single thermodynamic process, is a way of primary energy saving and emission reduction. Therefore, promotion of the electricity from high-efficiency cogeneration (CHP-E) was encouraged in the European Union. However, CHP-E promotion mechanisms proved low effectiveness in certain countries, like Poland, where the prices of certificates of origin...
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Photoluminescence of partially reduced Eu2+/Eu3+ active centers in a NaF–Al2O3–P2O5 glassy matrix with tunable smooth spectra
PublikacjaIn this work, a series of photoluminescent materials have been synthesized based on optically transparent and chemically stable glasses of the nominal composition Na3Al2(PO4)2F3 (NaF–Al2O3–P2O5 system) doped with 1 wt% of europium. It has been shown that the synthesis conditions (mainly the temperature and duration of the melting stage under reducing conditions) strongly affected the photoluminescence spectra of the material. This...
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Influence of reactive oxygen species during deposition of iron oxide films by high power impulse magnetron sputtering.
PublikacjaIron oxide films were deposited using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) of an iron cathode in an argon/oxygen gas mixture at different gas pressures (0.5~Pa, 1.5~Pa, and 5.0~Pa). The HiPIMS system was operated at a repetition frequency $f = 100$~Hz with a duty cycle of 1~\%. A main goal is a comparison of film growth during conventional and electron cyclotron wave resonance-assisted HiPIMS. The deposition plasma...
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Spatial characterization of H 2: CH 4 dissociation level in microwave ECR plasma source by fibre-optic OES
PublikacjaSpatially resolved optical emission spectroscopy (SR-OES) was used to investigate microwave activated H2/Ar/CH4 plasma under conditions of the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR). The chemistry and composition of the gas phase were studied using self-designed fibre-optic system with echelle type spectrometer during CVD deposition of polycrystalline diamond. One-dimensional intensity profiles of the main species were collected along...
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Influence of Two-Stage Anodization on Properties of the Oxide Coatings on the Ti–13Nb–13Zr Alloy
PublikacjaThe increasing demand for titanium and its alloys used for implants results in need of such innovative surface treatment that may jointly increase corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and demonstrate antibacterial protection at no cytotoxicity. The purpose of this research was to characterize the effect of two-stage anodization, performed for 30 min in phosphoric acid, at the presence of hydrofluoric acid in the second stage....
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Protection and viability of fruit seeds oils by nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) nanosuspensions
PublikacjaIn this paper, we focused on the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for dermal application. The NLC matrix was designed as a protective reservoir of biological active compounds that naturally occur in domestic fruit seed oils. Over the years, emulsions, as a popular physicochemical form of personal care products, were refined in order to obtain the best possible penetration into the skin of any bioactive compound...
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Environmental Role of Rime Chemistry at Selected Mountain Sites in Poland
PublikacjaThe results of field experiments on fog pollutantdeposition enhanced by local mountain climate, completed by thedendrochronological analysis of the forest response, are presentedin this paper. In spite of their low absolute altitude (1,000-1,600 ma.s.l), the Sudetes and the Silesian Beskid form a noticeable orographicbarrier for the airflow of the humid Atlantic air masses.This results in the increase of cloudiness and fog frequency...
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Methane emissions from mangrove soils in hydrologically disturbed and reference mangrove tidal creeks in southwest Florida
PublikacjaStudies have suggested that some mangrove soils might contribute to wetland methane (CH4) production and emissions, especially when the mangroves are disturbed. CH4 emissions were measured seasonally from nine locations on two mangrove creeks on Naples Bay in southwest Florida, USA. One of the tidal creeks has been impacted in the past few decades with alteration of upstream watersheds and freshwater inflows; the other creek was...
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Obrazowanie parametryczne w badaniach mózgu metodami MRI/PET
PublikacjaCelem tej monografii jest przedstawienie technik obrazowania metodami tomografii rezonansu magnetycznego (MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging) i pozytonowej tomografii emisyjnej (PET - Positron Emission Tomography) w kontekście badań dynamicznych mózgu, szczególnie w zakresie syntezy obrazów parametrycznych opisujących jakościowo lub ilościowo przepływ mózgowy. Obrazowanie parametryczne określa technikę syntezy obrazów na podstawie...
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Optoelectronic system for monitoring of thin diamond layers growth
PublikacjaDevelopment of the optoelectronic system for monitoring of diamond/DLC (Diamond-Like-Carbon) thin films growth during mu PA ECR CVD (Microwave Plasma Assisted Electron Cyclotron Resonance Chemical Vapour Deposition) process is described. The multi-point Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and Raman spectroscopy were employed as non-invasive optoelectronic tools. Dissociation of H-2 molecules, excitation and ionization of hydrogen...
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Potential of Functionalized Polyolefins in a Sustainable Polymer Economy: Synthetic Strategies and Applications
PublikacjaPolymers play a crucial role in our modern life as no other material exists that is so versatile, moldable, and lightweight. Consequently, the demand for polymers will continue to grow with the human population, modernization, and technological developments. However, depleted fossil resources, increasing plastic waste production, ocean pollution, and related growing emission of greenhouse gases has led to a change in the way we...
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Dissociative photo-double-ionization of isoxazole
PublikacjaIn the present communication, we present results on the photo-double-ionization and fragmentation of the isoxazole molecules. The experiments were carried out at the CiPo beamline at the Elettra-Sincrotrone radiation facility exploiting the VUV excitation and the ion time-of-flight spectrometry combined with the PEPICO technique. The dissociative processes where only one electron is emitted are quite well known [1]. However, double...
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Beyond the helium buffer: 12C−2 rotational cooling in cold traps with H2 as a partner gas: interaction forces and quantum dynamics
Publikacjaabstract = { The scattering cross-sections and corresponding rate coefficients for rotationally inelastic collisions of $^{12}$C$_2$^-$ ($^2 \Sigma_g^+$) with H$_2$ ($^1 \Sigma_g^+$) are presented over a broad range of cold-trap temperatures. They have been calculated using quantum scattering theory that employs a new ab initio potential energy surface. The rate coefficients for the inelastic processes in the anionic partner are...
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Study on the applicability of the measurements of magnetoelastic properties for a nondestructive evaluation of thermally inducted microstructure changes in the P91 grade steel
PublikacjaThe paper presents the resuIts of the investigation of the influence of duration and temperature oftempering process on the magnetoacoustic properties of P91 tempered martensite ferritic steeI. Duringtempering of martensitic steels the dislocation density. which initially is very high. systematicallydecreases what is confirmed both by analysis of the width of X-ray diffraction peaks and hardnessmeasurements. Magnetic hysteresis...
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Determination of benzo(a)pyrene content in PM10 using regression methods
PublikacjaThe paper presents an attempt of application of multidimensional linear regression to estimation of an empirical model describing the factors influencing on B(a)P content in suspended dust PM10 in Olsztyn and Elbląg city regions between 2010 and 2013. During this period annual average concentration of B(a)P in PM10 exceeded the admissible level 1.5-3 times. Conducted investigations confirm that the reasons of B(a)P concentration...
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Modeling N2O behavior during denitrification with different carbon sources and electron acceptors
PublikacjaA mathematical model was developed for identification of the most important mechanism leading to nitrous oxide (N2O) accumulation in denitrifying activated sludge systems. The activated sludge model No. 2d (ASM2d) was extended to include intermediate three steps of the denitrification process. The formation and accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) was assumed to be very low in the performed laboratory experiments. These experiments...
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Determination of selected chemical parameters in surface water samples collected from the Revelva catchment (Hornsund fjord, Svalbard)
PublikacjaSurface water samples (river and lake) were collected from the Revelva catchment every summer from 2010 to 2013. This study concerns importance of the use of some analytical techniques for pollutants and parameters deter- mination in Arctic environmental samples based on the example of total organic carbon, phenols, and formaldehyde determination and measurement of pH and electrical conductivity parameters. Significant...
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HOW EFFICIENT IS NOISE LABELING OF TIRES?
PublikacjaSince 2012 all new tires in Europe must be labeled. The label contains general information about tire performance concerning rolling resistance (that corresponds to fuel economy), noise emission and wet grip (only for passenger car tires). Measurements of noise performance of tires must be performed according to the Annex 3 of the Regulation No 117 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations. The regulation specifies...
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Special techniques and future perspectives: Simultaneous macro- and micro-electrode recordings
PublikacjaThere are many approaches to studying the inner workings of the brain and its highly interconnected circuits. One can look at the global activity in different brain structures using non-invasive technologies like positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which measure physiological changes, e.g. in the glucose uptake or blood flow. These can be very effectively used to localize active patches...
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The influence of Be addition on the structure and thermal properties of alkali-silicate glasses
PublikacjaBe-Na-(Li)-Si oxide glasses containing up to 15 mol% of BeO were prepared. Their structure was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Raman as well as infrared spectroscopic techniques, while their chemical compositions were examined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. All materials were found to be amorphous and contain Al contaminations from minor dissolution of the alumina crucibles. The results...
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Towards improved energy efficiency of future smart ships by application of advanced CFD simulations – case study
PublikacjaThe international trade plays crucial role in today’s globally developed world’s economy. Many people are unaware of the unimaginable volume of cargo being transported every year by oceans and seas. For most of the time invisible from land the shipping industry preserves its strong position of the most cost-efficient and environmental friendly mean of transport. However during last years the shipping industry is under great pressure...
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Modelling of the Polish Electricity Generation Subsystem in MARKAL Program with Emphasis on the EU Emissions Trading Scheme
PublikacjaThis paper addresses issues related to greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union and measures to reduce them, in particular the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). A model of the Polish electricity generation subsystem, taking into account EU ETS mechanisms, has been developed using the MARKAL optimization package. Data collected on the basis of available projects, regulations and statistics were entered into the model....
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Examination of fresh water chemistry in maritime Antarctica during austral summer 2017
PublikacjaDue to the fact that Antarctica is one of the least polluted places on Earth, it is a perfect place to observe the spread of global pollution. Therefore, research conducted on this continent is important due to the possibility of investigating the type of pollution and their way of transport. This work considers presence of organic contaminants in Maritime Antarctica in unexplored until now, Lions Rump headland. Qualitative and...
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Effect of double thermal and electrochemical oxidation on titanium alloys for medical applications
PublikacjaThe research focuses on the development and characterization of innovative thin hybrid oxide coatings obtained in subsequent processes of thermal (TO) and electrochemical (EO) oxidation. Four different surface modifications were investigated and the microstructure was determined, the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy were assessed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersion analysis,...
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The effect of nitrogen on the structure and thermal properties of beryllium-containing Na-(Li)-Si-O-N glasses
PublikacjaTwo oxynitride glass series with the composition of 35Na2O-5BeO-(60-x)SiO2-xSi3N4 and 9Li2O- 27Na2O-5BeO-(59-x)SiO2-xSi3N4, were prepared. The glasses' topography and structure were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The composition was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer, SEM-EDS and nitrogen and oxygen elemental analyzer. Na-(Li)-Be-silicate glasses were found to contain...
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Ranking of Generation Source Locations by a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Method
PublikacjaThe paper presents a ranking of the locations of eight renewable energy sources (RES) made using a hybrid multi-criteria analysis method. The method is a combination of the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method and numerical taxonomy. The considered generating sources, i.e. solar plants, biogas plants, and wind farms are sources that will significantly contribute to implementing the provisions of the energy and climate package...
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Zero-Emissions, Off-grid, Autonomous Houseboat – a Case Study of Selected Locations in Europe
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of creating a prototype of a self-sufficient houseboat that is capable of prolonged independence from power grids and freshwater sources. In this design, electricity demand is met by a photovoltaic installation, and the energy is stored in batteries. Fresh water for living needs may be obtained from many sources, depending on the environmental conditions, such as through purifying...
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Probing Local Structural Changes by Sharp Luminescent Infrared Nanophosphor for Application in Light-Emitting Diodes
PublikacjaCr3+-doped infrared phosphors are promising candidates for next-generation phosphor-converted infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) because they can, in principle, tune and convert the luminescence spectra from an LED chip. However, most studies focus on broad-band Cr3+-doped phosphors, and the control mechanism of Cr3+-doped phosphors with sharp line emissions remains ambiguous. Here, we report LiGa5(1–x)Al5xO8:Cr3+ phosphors...
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Photofragmentation of tetrahydrofuran molecules in the vacuum-ultraviolet region via superexcited states studied by fluorescence spectroscopy
PublikacjaPhotofragmentation of tetrahydrofuran molecules in the vacuum-ultraviolet region, producing excited atomic and molecular fragments, has been studied over the energy range 14-68 eV using photon-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Excited hydrogen atoms H(n), n = 3-11, have been detected by observation of the Hα to Hı lines of the Balmer series. The diatomic CH(A2Δ), CH(B2Σ-) and C2(d3Πg) fragments, which are excited to low vibrational...
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Critical Review on Robust Speed Control Techniques for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Speed Regulation
PublikacjaThe permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a highly efficient energy saving machine. Due to its simple structural characteristics, good heat radiation capability, and high efficiency, PMSMs are gradually replacing AC induction motors in many industrial applications. The PMSM has a nonlinear system and lies on parameters that differ over time with complex high-class dynamics. To achieve the excessive performance operation...
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Modeling the effect of electric vehicles on noise levels in the vicinity of rural road sections
PublikacjaNumerous European countries experience a steady increase in the share of electric (EV) and hybrid electric (HEV) vehicles in the traffic stream. These vehicles, often referred to as low- or zero-emission vehicles, significantly reduce air pollution in the road environment. They also have a positive effect on noise levels in city centers and in the surroundings of low-speed roads. Nevertheless, issues related to modeling noise from...
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Phage-Directed Synthesis of Photoluminescent Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles under Benign Conditions
PublikacjaBiological systems, especially bacteriophages and peptides, are an attractive green alternative to other known methods of nanoparticle synthesis. In this work, for the first time, bacteriophages were employed to synthesize a specific peptide, capable of producing nanoparticles (NPs). Derivatives of M13 bacteriophage exposing a ZnO-binding peptide (TMGA-LGLKWPV) on either pIII or pVIII phage coat protein were constructed and used...
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The influence of meteorological conditions and anthropogenic activities on the seasonal fluctuations of BTEX in the urban air of the Hanseatic city of Gdansk, Poland
PublikacjaThe results of studies conducted in Gdansk in the period from January to December 2013 and focused on the determination of BTEX in the atmospheric air are presented. At the stage of the isolation and/or enrichment of analytes from the gaseous medium, a passive sampling technique—Radiello® diffusive passive samplers, was applied. The time-weighted average annual concentration of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes...
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Recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as Construction Material in Civil Engineering: A Review
PublikacjaIn general, the quantity of plastics of all types consumed annually all over the world has been growing in a phenomenal way. The manufacturing processes, service industries and municipal solid wastes (MSW) generate numerous waste plastic materials. The increasing awareness about the environment has tremendously contributed to the concerns related with disposal of the generated wastes. It is believed that the management of solid...
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Determination of odour concentration by TD-GC×GC–TOF-MS and field olfactometry techniques
PublikacjaField olfactometry is one of the sensory techniques used to determine odour concentration, in atmospheric air, directly in emission sources. A two-dimensional gas chromatography with time of flight mass spectrometer (GC×GC–TOF-MS) allows performing the chemical characterization of various groups of chemical compounds, even in complex mixtures. Application of these techniques enabled determination of odour concentration level in...
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On the application of magnetoelastic properties measureme nts for plastic level determination in martensitic steels
PublikacjaThe change in the dislocation density, induced by plastic deformation, influences strongly the magnetic domain structure inside the material. Being so, classic parameters, like the coercivity or magnetic permeability, can be a good measure of the deformation level, yet their reliable determination in a non-destructive way in industrial environment is problematic. The magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) which results from the non-180...
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In-situ odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on the electropolymerization of pyrrole on iron in the presence of sodium salicylate – The influence of the monomer concentration
PublikacjaIn this work, the potentiostatic electropolymerization of polypyrrole (PPy) on iron in aqueous solution of sodium salicylate and pyrrole is studied in situ by odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS). The influence of the pyrrole concentration on the electrosynthesis process is investigated. The ORP-EIS technique ensures a reliable analysis of the PPy electrosynthesis on iron by means of an advanced data...
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Identification of synergistic and antagonistic actions of environmental pollutants: Bisphenols A, S and F in the presence of DEP, DBP, BADGE and BADGE·2HCl in three component mixtures
PublikacjaEcosystems are facing increased pressure due to the emission of many classes of emerging contaminants. However, very little is known about the interactions of these pollutants, such as bisphenols (BPs), plasticizers or pharmaceuticals. By employing bioluminescent bacteria (Microtox assay), we were able to define interactions between selected emerging pollutants (namely BPA, BPS, BPF, BADGE, BADGE·2HCl, DEP, DBP) in ternary mixtures, at...
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Insights into the Thermo-Mechanical Treatment of Brewers’ Spent Grain as a Potential Filler for Polymer Composites
PublikacjaThis paper investigated the impact of twin-screw extrusion parameters on the properties of brewers’ spent grain. The chemical structure, antioxidant activity, particle size, and color properties, as well as the emission of volatile organic compounds during extrusion, were investigated. The main compounds detected in the air during modifications were terpenes and terpenoids, such as α-pinene, camphene, 3-carene, limonene, or terpinene....
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The Potential of Improving Air Quality by Urban Mobility Management: Policy Guidelines and a Case Study
PublikacjaThere is a growing recognition among planners and policy makers that proper transformation of urban mobility systems is crucial to the reduction of air pollution emission. The main objective of the work was to review the current urban mobility strategies in the city of Gdańsk, Poland in terms of their potential for the improvement of urban air quality. Firstly, general policy guidelines for mobility systems were formulated based...
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Investigation of Noise Threats and Their Impact on Hearing in Selected Schools
PublikacjaNoise measurements conducted in selected schools in Gdansk area are presented in this paper. The main aim of this research was to determine noise threats at schools. Some objective measurements of the acoustic climate were performed employing a noise monitoring station engineered at the Multimedia System Department, Gdansk University of Technology. Simultaneously, subjective noise annoyance examinations were carried out among pupils...
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Investigation of noise threats and their impact on hearing in selected schools - a pilot study.
PublikacjaNoise measurements conducted in selected schools in Gdansk area are presented in this paper. The main aim of this research was to determine noise threats at schools. Some objective measurements of the acoustic climate were performed employing a noise monitoring station engineered at the Multimedia System Department, Gdansk University of Technology. Simultaneously, subjective noise annoyance examinations were carried out among pupils...
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Effect of nitrogen doping on TiOxNy thin film formation at reactive high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering
PublikacjaThe paper is focused on a study of formation of TiOxNy thin films prepared by pulsed magnetron sputtering of metallic Ti target. Oxygen and nitrogen were delivered into the discharge in the form of reactive gases O2 and N2. The films were deposited by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering working with discharge repetition frequency f = 250 Hz at low (p = 0.75 Pa) and high (p = 10 Pa) pressure. The substrates were on floating...
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Preparation and characterization of monometallic (Au) and bimetallic (Ag/Au) modified-titania photocatalysts activated by visible light
PublikacjaThe Au-TiO2 and Ag/Au-TiO2 nanoparticles have been prepared using a water-in-oil microemulsion system of water/AOT/cyclohexane and water/Triton X-100/cyclohexane. The obtained photocatalysts were subsequently characterized by a BET method, DRS spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). For gold-doped titanium (IV) oxide...
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Collision Strengths of Astrophysical Interest for Multiply Charged Ions
PublikacjaThe electron impact excitation and ionization processes are crucial for modeling the spectra of different astrophysical objects, from atmospheres of late-type stars to remnants of supernovae and up to the light emission from neutron star mergers, to name just a few. Despite their signifi- cance, however, little is known quantitatively about these processes for low- and medium-impact energies of, say, Ekin . 5000 eV of the free...
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Understanding Fuel Saving and Clean Fuel Strategies Towards Green Maritime
PublikacjaDue to recent emission-associated regulations imposed on marine fuel, ship owners have been forced to seek alternate fuels, in order to meet the new limits. The aim of achieving low-carbon shipping by the year 2050, has meant that alternative marine fuels, as well as various technological and operational initiatives, need to be taken into account. This article evaluates and examines recent clean fuels and novel clean technologies...
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INVESTIGATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A LOWEMISSION GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OPERATING ON A MIXTURE OF NATURAL GAS AND HYDROGEN
PublikacjaT his article is devoted to the investigation of the characteristics of a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, which can be used in Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels and operates on a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. A new approach is proposed for modelling the processes of burning out a mixture of natural gas with hydrogen under preliminary mixing conditions in gaseous fuel with an oxidizer...
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Tuning of eg electron occupancy of MnCo2O4 spinel for oxygen evolution reaction by partial substitution of Co by Fe at octahedral sites
PublikacjaTo study the effect of partial Co substitution by Fe in the B site of MnCo2O4 spinel on its physicochemical and electrochemical properties, a series of MnCo2-xFexO4 powders (x=0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750; 1.000) were synthesized by means of the sol-gel method. The produced powders were characterized by powder X ray diffraction (pXRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy...