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Search results for: LIQUID STORAGE TANK
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Impact of R/X ratio of distribution network on selection and control of energy storage units
PublicationThe interest in energy storage is still increasing. Energy storage units are installed in high voltage networks, medium voltage networks and low voltage distribution networks as well. These units are often used to improve power quality. One of the criteria for improving power quality is reducing voltage deviations. Depending on the type of network and specifying its R/X ratio, this criterion can be fulfilled by control of active...
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Implementation of multicriteria decision analysis in design of experiment for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction optimization for chlorophenols determination
PublicationA novel and efficient approach to optimization of extraction step prior the chromatographic determination of nine chlorinated phenols is described. It is based on the combination of design of experiments and multicriteria decision analysis. Such an approach is used to optimize dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure for the determination of 9 chlorophenols in water samples. Three parameters are optimized – sample volume,...
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Modular power converter with superconducting magnetic energy storage for electric power distribution system — Analysis and simulation
PublicationThis paper describes selected issues concerning realization of energy storage system (ESS) designed to operate in power distribution system. This paper presents a modular approach of 300 kVA power converter operating with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), which gives high dynamics together with high power and suitable capability for instantaneous energy storage. Analysis and simulation studies of selected power converter...
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Reliable renewable energy – application of electrochemical capacitors for electrical energy storage
PublicationThis paper presents electrical energy storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors, their principle of operation and electrode materials most commonly used in their manufacturing technology. Moreover, our research on development of new nanocomposite materials based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer is shown. Additionally, the possibility and advantages of application of supercapacitors for accumulation...
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Storage of High-Strength Steel Flux-Cored Welding Wires in Urbanized Areas
PublicationThe condition of the consumables is a key factor determining the waste reduction in the welding processes and the quality of the welded joint. The paper presents the results of tests of four types of fux-cored wires dedicated for welding high-strength steels, stored for 1 month and 6 months in Poland in two urbanized areas: in a large seaside city (Gdańsk) and in Warsaw, located in the center of the country. The wires were subjected...
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Effect of Storage Conditions of Rutile Flux Cored Welding Wires on Properties of Welds
PublicationThe influence of storage locations of two grades of rutile flux cored welding wires on their surface condition and the strength of the welds made with them were studied. Wires were stored in real urban conditions (Gdańsk and Katowice) for 1 month, simultaneously recording changes in conditions: temperature and relative humidity of the environment. Visual tests of wires in the delivered and stored condition as well as visual and...
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Influence of Ionic Liquid Structure on Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes Effectiveness in Carbon Dioxide/Methane Separation
PublicationThis paper indicates the possibility of application of imidazolium ionic liquids immobilized in polymeric supports—supported ionic liquid membranes—in CO2 separation from gaseous streams (e.g., biogas). Imidazolium salts containing alkyl fluoride anions, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and trifluoromethanesulfonate, selectively separating CO2 were used. The permeability of CO2 through membranes was investigated under gas pressure...
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Simulation of the Dynamics of Renewable Energy Sources with Energy Storage Systems
PublicationThe intermittency of renewable energy sources (RES) constitutes a challenge for effective power system control. Fossil-fuel-based units offering ancillary power services to meet the short-term power imbalance are a financial and environmental burden for the society. Energy storage systems (ESS) can be the solution in view of the electricity market development and growing environmental concern. The major questions are, in what circumstances...
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Modelling of pipes conveying flowing liquid
PublicationThe paper introduces the method of modal reduction of system which consists of pipe with flowing liquid. The concept of hybrid model is proposed. The system model consists of two parts, the modal model and the finite elements model. The modal model represents linear, self-adjoined part of the system, while simple lumped technique is applied for modelling of Coriolis phenomena.
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COLLOIDS IN SEPTIC TANK EFFLUENT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON FILTER PERMEABILITY
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Roll respose of ship fitted with passive stabilizing tank.
PublicationPrzedstawiono fizyczny i matematyczny model kołysań statku z biernym zbiornikiem stabilizacyjnym. Wyprowadzono równania ruchu i podano ich rozwiązania. Określono najistotniejsze zalecenia projektowe w oparciu o uzyskane rozwiązania. Wskazano kierunek poszukiwania optymalnych rozwiązań dla układu statek-bierny zbiornik stabilizacyjny.
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A review on carbon storage via mineral carbonation: Bibliometric analysis, research advances, challenge, and perspectives
PublicationMineral carbonation as a way of carbon storage has received a particular attention in the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission . This work gives a comprehensive description of the research trends and hotspots in the field of mineral carbonation for carbon storage based on bibliometric analysis. A total of 1507 articles were collected from the Web of Science database from 2010 to 2022 and analyzed in details, using a Citepace...
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Phase change thermal energy storage – the experience of the materials preparation for the specific applications.
PublicationThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat, latent heat and reversible chemical reaction heat. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. Many innovative applications could be found...
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Hyperbaric Storage at Subzero Temperature – the Effect on the Shelf-Life and Selected Quality Characteristics of Raw Pork Sausages
PublicationThe aim of this study was to determine the microbiological stability and changes occurring in selected physicochemical properties of raw pork sausages during hyperbaric storage at subzero temperature (HS-ST). It was shown that storage at moderate pressures (up to 111 MPa) led to a reduction in microbial populations. After 21 days of storage under these conditions, no microorganisms were detected in the samples. Additionally, the...
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Multiobjective Water Distribution Systems Control of Pumping Cost, Water Quality, and Storage-Reliability Constraints
PublicationThis work describes a multiobjective model for trading-off pumping cost and water quality for water distribution systems operation. Constraints are imposed on flows and pressures, on periodical tanks operation, and on tanks storage. The methodology links the multiobjective SPEA2 algorithm with EPANET, and is applied on two example applications of increasing complexity, under extended period simulation conditions and variable energy...
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Spinning Fluids Reactor: A new design of a gas – liquid contactor
PublicationCurrent trends in chemical reactor design are based on adapting these to the requirements of a particular chemical process. Processes involving reactions between the gas and liquid phase in particular require precise adjustment of all parameters. The common denominator for most modern design solutions is enhancement of the mass transfer area and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. Gas – liquid contactors evolved from...
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A Method of Assessment of the Liquid Sloshing Impact on Ship Transverse Stability
PublicationLiquid sloshing phenomenon taking place in partly filled ships? tanks directly affects the stability of a vessel. However, only static calculations are carried out onboard ships nowadays and static transfer of liquid weight is taken into account in the course of routine stability calculation. The paper is focused on a dynamic heeling moment due to liquid sloshing in tanks onboard ships. The set of numerical simulations of liquid...
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In-depth characterization of icosahedral ordering in liquid copper
PublicationThe presence of icosahedral ordering in liquid copper at temperatures close to the melting point is now well-established both experimentally and through computer simulation. However, a more elaborate analysis of local icosahedral and icosahedron-like structures, together with a system for classifying such structures based on some measure of "icosahedrity", has so far been conspicuously absent in the literature. Similarly, the dynamics...
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Application of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of selected organochlorine pesticides in honey by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry
PublicationDispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) is a rapid and easy technique that consumes minute amounts of organic solvents. In this work, we present chemometric study on optimization of DLLME parameters for the extraction of aldrin, endrin, lindane, alfa-endosulfan, 4,4'-DDT and its metabolites from honey matrix. Method quantification limits (MQLs) vary between 0.3 ng/g for 2,4'-DDE and 4,4'-DDE to 13.2 ng/g for alfa-endosulfan...
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A Model of Thermal Energy Storage According to the Convention of Bond Graphs (BG) and State Equations (SE)
PublicationThe main advantage of the use of the Bond Graphs method and State Equations for modeling energy systems with a complex structure (marine power plants, hybrid vehicles, etc.) is the ability to model the system components of different physical nature using identical theoretical basis. The paper presents a method of modeling thermal energy storage, which is in line with basic BG theory. Critical comments have been put forward concerning...
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Volatile Organohalogen Compounds Determination with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Applying Solvent Lighter than Water
PublicationBackground: Volatile organohalogen compounds (VOX) are a group of environmental pollutants that risk the quality of drinking water. These compounds are characterized by certain acute and chronic toxicities, possessing mutagenic properties. Because of these potential risks factors that these compounds cause, the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) have been established by respective organizations. The abundance of VOX, their...
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Effect of Tube Bundle Arrangement on the Performance of PCM Heat Storage Units
PublicationThe results of comprehensive study on charging and discharging of latent heat storage systems (LHSS) are presented. The multi tube shell-and-tube unit with a variable layouts of the tube bundles are examined. Two tube arrangements – in-line and staggered are tested. A variable number of tubes and different tube positions in a bundle are investigated. Moreover, two pitch ratios are studied. Three commercially available substances...
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Green aspects, developments and perspectives of liquid phase microextraction techniques
PublicationDetermination of analytes at trace levels in complex samples (e.g. biological or contaminated water or soils) are often required for the environmental assessment and monitoring as well as for scientific research in the field of environmental pollution. A limited number of analytical techniques are sensitive enough for the direct determination of trace components in samples and, because of that, a preliminary step of the analyte...
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Preservation and Storage of Water Samples
PublicationOpisano metody utrwalania i przechowywanie próbek wody w celu oznaczenia zwiazków nieorganicznych, przedyskutowano wady i zalety poszczególnych metod. Omówiono utrwalanie i przechowywanie próbek wody przed wykonaniem analizy specjacyjnej związków arsenu, chromu, rteci, selenu i cyny. Omówiono również utrwalanie i przechowywanie próbek wody przy oznaczaniu związków organicznych.
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Preservation and storage of water samples
PublicationOd momentu pobrania próbki do wykonania tej analizy wody mogą zmieniać swoje właściwości na skutek zachodzących w nich procesów chemicznych, fizycznych, czy też biologicznych. W pracy omówiono zmiany mogące zachodzić w próbkach wodnych oraz przyczyny ich występowania. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na reakcje chemiczne, procesy fizykochemiczne, reakcje biochemiczne i fotochemiczne. Przedstawiono również techniki konserwacji próbek wód...
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ECONOMICAL AND SAFE METHOD OF GRANULAR MATERIAL STORAGE IN SILOS IN OFFSHORE PORT TERMINALS
PublicationThe article discusses issues related with storage of granular materials in silos made of corrugated sheets and reinforced with vertical ribs. Advantages and disadvantages of these structures are named, and typical technological solutions used by largest silo producers are presented. Moreover, basic assumptions of Eurocode 3 are discussed in the context of determining the buckling load capacity of a ribbed jacket. Alternative methods...
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Effect of long-term cold storage on physicochemical attributes and bioactive components of kiwi fruit cultivars
PublicationVarious kiwi fruit cultivars, bred in Korea, were kept in cold storage for 8–24 weeks for possible increase of their quality. Firmness significantly decreased at initial time in all cultivars.The rate of softeningwas the slowest in “Hayward”, followed by “Hort16A”, “Haenam”, “Daheung”, “Bidan”, “Hwamei”, and “SKK 12”. Sensory value increased with decreasing of firmness. Soluble solids content increased with storage time while acidity gradually...
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The vortex flow caused by sound in a bubbly liquid
PublicationGeneration of vorticity in the field of intense sound in a bubbly liquid in the free half-space is considered. The reasons for generation of vorticity are nonlinearity, diffraction, and dispersion. Acoustic streaming differs from that in a Newtonian fluid. Under some conditions, the vortex flow changes its direction. Conclusions concern streaming induced by a harmonic or an impulse Gaussian beam.
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Synthesis and characterization of MoS2-carbon based materials for enhanced energy storage applications
PublicationThe article delves into the synthesis and characterization of MoS2-carbon-based materials, holding promise for applications in supercapacitors and ion batteries. The synthesis process entails the preparation of MoS2 and its carbon hybrids through exfoliation, hydrothermal treatment, and subsequent pyrolysis. Various analytical techniques were employed to comprehensively examine the structural, compositional, and morphological properties...
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Experimental and numerical investigation on shell and coil storage unit with biodegradable PCM for modular thermal battery applications
PublicationThermal energy storage (TES) in automotive applications is currently growing in importance. TES can visibly reduce primary energy consumptions, decrease CO2 emission, and improve thermal comfort in electric as well as hybrid vehicles. However, to meet the new ambitious target (15% reduction of CO2 emissions in the new cars until 2025) it is required to use plug-in electric vehicles. For this reason, this paper focuses on the optimization...
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Silicon Oxycarbide-Graphite Electrodes for High-Power Energy Storage Devices
PublicationHerein we present a study on polymer-derived silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/graphite composites for a potential application as an electrode in high power energy storage devices, such as Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC). The composites were processed using high power ultrasound-assisted sol-gel synthesis followed by pyrolysis. The intensive sonication enhances gelation and drying process, improving the homogenous distribution of the graphitic...
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Forecasting of retail prices of liquid fuels in Poland
PublicationMotivation: In recent years, the prices of liquid fuels in Poland have been rising , negatively affecting the country’s economy and the daily life of its inhabitants. Consequently, there is a need for effective forecasting of prices in fuel markets, as this could enable entrepreneurs and consumers to make more informed decisions. Aim: The objective of the article was to forecast the retail prices of EU95 petrol and diesel fuel...
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Miniaturized, green salting-out liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with GC–MS used to evaluate biogenic amines in wine samples
PublicationMonitoring of the biogenic amines (BAs) content in food products, including wine, is important due to the health and safety of consumers and from the quality control point of view. In a given study, simultaneous derivatization and salting-out liquid–liquid microextraction (SALLME) coupled with GC–MS for BAs determination from wine samples was developed. For the optimization the Box-Behnken design was applied, where three independent...
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Optimisation of cooperation of hybrid renewable energy sources with hydrogen energy storage toward the lowest net present cost
PublicationThe paper presents the results of a technical and economic analysis of the power supply for a model industrial facility based on intermittent renewable energy sources in the form of wind turbines and photovoltaic modules, supplemented with hydrogen energy storage. The adopted power supply strategy assumed the maximisation of self-consumption of self-produced electricity. Six variants were considered, including two with an energy...
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THE INVESTIGATION OF DENSITY CURRENTS AND RATE OF OUTFLOW FROM A SEPTIC TANK
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Analysis of tank safety with propane-butane on LPG distribution station
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Fixed roof to shell connection in tank with an internal floating cover.
PublicationReferat dotyczy projektowania połączenia dachu stałego zbiornika walcowego z płaszczem w przypadku zastosowania wewnętrznego przekrycia pływającego. Zaproponowano zastosowanie dodatkowego pierścienia usztywniającego, zabezpieczającego górną krawędź płaszcza zbiornika. Wyniki analiz z zastosowaniem metody elementów skończonych zamieszczono w formie map naprężeń.
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The influence of intermolecular correlations on the infrared spectrum of liquid dimethyl sulfoxide
PublicationDimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is routinely applied as an excellent, water-miscible solvent and chemical reagent. Some of the most important data concerning its liquid structure were obtained using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. However, the actual extent of intermolecular correlations that connect the isolated monomer spectrum to the IR response of the bulk liquid is poorly studied thus far. Using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations,...
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Multi-Objective Water Distribution Systems Control of Pumping Cost, Water Quality, and Storage-Reliability Constraints
PublicationThis work describes a multi-objective model for trading-off pumping cost and water quality for water distribution systems operation. Constraints are imposed on flows and pressures, on periodical tanks operation, and on tanks storage. The methodology links the multi-objective SPEA2 algorithm with EPANET, and is applied on two example applications of increasing complexity, under extended period simulation conditions and variable...
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Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent-based liquid–liquid microextraction for simultaneous determination of Ni (II) and Zn (II) in food samples
PublicationA new approach was developed for the simultaneous pre-concentration and determination of Ni (II) and Zn (II) in food samples. This method is based on ultrasound-assisted liquid–liquid micro extraction using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) and 1,10-phenanthroline as chelating agent. The effect of several parameters, such as pH, selection and volume of DES, amount of chelating agent, time of sonication and centrifugation,...
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Method for the simultaneous determination of monoaromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industrial effluents using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with GC-MS
PublicationWe present a new method for simultaneous determination of 22 monoaromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in postoxidative effluents from the production of petroleum bitumen using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The eight extraction parameters including the type and volume of extraction and disperser solvent, pH, salting out effect, extraction and centrifugation...
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Modern solutions in the field of microextraction using liquid as a medium of extraction
PublicationThe monitoring of compounds present in samples at trace/ultra-trace level usually requires a preliminary step of isolation and/or enrichment of analytes. Against, sample preparation is considered as crucial part of whole analytical procedures, in particular in samples characterized by complex matrices composition. Several new miniaturized extraction techniques is introduced and extensively applied to different type of samples....
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Evaluation of the Impact of Storage Conditions on the Biogenic Amines Profile in Opened Wine Bottles
PublicationA survey of biogenic amine (BA) profiles in opened wine bottles has been established to monitor the level of biogenic amines (BAs) in opened bottles against time and other conditions. Bottles of red and white wine were submitted to different temperatures, stopper type (screw cap, cork), and use of vacuum devices. A total of six wines made from a variety of grapes were obtained from vineyards from regions across Poland. Dispersive...
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Optimization of vortex-assisted supramolecular solvent-based liquid liquid microextraction for the determination of mercury in real water and food samples
PublicationA novel method was developed for sample preparation for spectrophotometric determination of Hg(II) in water and food samples. The method was based on vortex-assisted supramolecular solvent-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (VA-SUPRASs-LLME). Analytical parameters such as pH, chelating agent, solvent type and volume, vortex time and salting out effect were optimized. Surface and normal probability plots were drawn for the variables...
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Determination of fuel combustion product in airport runoff water samples using liquid–liquid extraction with gas chromatography–spectrometry
PublicationDetermination of xenobiotics in samples of airport runoff water is both a complex and indispensable task due to an increasing threat resulting from the activities of numerous airports. The aim of this study was to develop, optimize, and validate a procedure based on liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). So far, no...
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid Biopsy in Endometrial Cancer
PublicationBackground: Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive collection of a patient body fluid sample. In oncology, they offer several advantages compared to traditional tissue biopsies. However, the potential of this method in endometrial cancer (EC) remains poorly explored. We studied the utility of tumor educated platelets (TEPs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for preoperative EC diagnosis, including histology determination. Methods:...
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New methodology for determination cationic surfactants in liquid environmental samples
PublicationBecause of their specific physical and chemical properties (e.g. amphiphilicity, solubility in polar and nonpolar liquids, ability to form micelles, adsorption at phase boundaries, low toxicity) surfactants (surface-active compounds) are widely applied in industry and in the household. As their applications are on a very large scale, it has become necessary to acquire a more detailed understanding of their environmental fate. Mainly,...
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Leaf wettability and plant surface water storage for common wetland species of the Biebrza peatlands (northeast Poland)
PublicationWetlands play a crucial role in buffering the effects of climate change. At the same time, they are one of the most endangered ecosystems on the globe. The knowledge of the water cycle and energy exchange is crucial for the practical preservation and exploiting their capabilities. Leaf wettability is an important parameter characterising the plant's ability to retain water on its surface, and is linked to the ecosystems' hydrological...
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Techno-economic evaluation of combined cycle gas turbine and a diabatic compressed air energy storage integration concept
PublicationMore and more operational flexibility is required from conventional power plants due to the increasing share of weather-dependent renewable energy sources (RES) generation in the power system. One way to increase power plant’s flexibility is integrating it with energy storage. The energy storage facility can be used to minimize ramping or shutdowns and therefore should lower overall generating costs and CO2 emissions. In this article,...
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Modelling Wetland Growing Season Rainfall Interception Losses Based on Maximum Canopy Storage Measurements
PublicationThis study estimates rainfall interception losses from natural wetland ecosystems based on maximum canopy storage measurements. Rainfall interception losses play an important role in water balance, which is crucial in wetlands, and has not yet been thoroughly studied in relation to this type of ecosystem. Maximum canopy storage was measured using the weight method. Based on these measurements, daily values of interception losses...