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Search results for: ABSTRACT CLASS METHOD ROAD SAFETY MODELLING REGIONS
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Temperature influence on tyre/road noise frequency spectra
PublicationThe correction for temperature effect on measured tyre/road noise is very important as it may be one of the main sources of errors in measurement results due to substantial influence of this parameter on obtained values. The latest version of the Technical Specification ISO/CD TS 13471-1 about Temperature Corrections contains a proposal of correction procedure for normalizing measured noise levels to a reference air temperature...
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Smoking: Traditional
PublicationSmoking, drying, and salting belong to the oldest methods of food preservation. Meat hung by the fire was preserved by a combination of drying and smoking. Often the raw material was first pickled in brine. In different regions of the world various procedures have been developed, best suited for treating meats and fish for specific purposes. Smoking extended the shelf life and imparted very desirable, new sensory properties to...
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Passing from requirements specification to class model using application domain ontology
PublicationThe quality of a classic software engineering process depends on the completeness of project documents and on the inter-phase consistency. In this paper, a method for passing from the requirement specification to the class model is proposed. First, a developer browses the text of the requirements, extracts the word sequences, and places them as terms into the glossary. Next, the internal ontology logic for the glossary needs to...
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Selected elements of the methodology and method of designing amphibious flood rescue vehicles
PublicationThe methodology of designing amphibious flood rescue vehicles at the preliminary stage of the design process has been presented. The study has been focused on the properties of such vehicles when afloat, with their on-land behaviour and performance characteristics having been left aside. In the study, a general assumption has been made that the amphibious flood rescue vehicles should be designed as, above all, watercraft that additionally...
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Determining and verifying the safety integrity level of the safety instrumented systems with the uncertainty and security aspects
PublicationSafety and security aspects consist of two different group of functional requirements for the control and protection systems. In the paper it is proposed that the security analysis results can be used as a factor increasing or decreasing the risk level. It concerns a process of determining required safety integrity level of given safety functions. The authors propose a new approach for functional safety risk analysis. In this case...
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Equivalent temperature for design of airport pavements using mechanistic-empirical methods
PublicationThe paper presents implementation of equivalent temperature for design of airport asphalt pavements. The calculation methods of equivalent temperature: the Shell method, the French method and method that use the Asphalt Institute fatique criteria were presented. An example of calculations of equivalent temperature for Gdansk Airport was introduced and discussed. It was shown that methods of calculation of equivalent temperature...
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The impact of the shape of deep drilled well screen openings on the filtration process in full saturation conditions
PublicationThe authors propose a supplementary method of modelling seepage flow around the deep drilled well screen. The study applies 3D numerical modelling (FEM) in order to provide an in-depth analysis of the seepage process. The analysis of filtration parameters (flow distribution q(x,t) and pressure distribution p) was conducted using the ZSoil.PC software system. The analysis indicates that the shape of perforation is of secondary importance...
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Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Analysis and Management in Smart Manufacturing Systems
PublicationThis chapter addresses some of the issues of the integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis and management with regard to selected references and the functional safety standards: IEC 61508, IEC 61511, ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061, and a cybersecurity standard IEC 62443 that concerns the industrial automation and control systems. The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of industrial systems that include the information...
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Modelling and analysis of beam/bar structure by application of bond graphs
PublicationThe paper presents an uniform, port-based approach to modelling of beam/bar systems (trusses). Port-based model of such distributed parameter system has been defined by application of the bond graph methodology and the distributed transfer function method (DTFM). The proposed method of modelling enables to formulate input data for computer analysis by application of the DTFM. The constructed computational package enables the frequency...
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A PROPOSAL FOR ONE-IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY SYSTEM FOR MEASURING THE CLEARANCE DISTANCE. CASE STUDY
PublicationMeasurement of the clearance distance (both in the context of the rail and road) is one of the current and increasingly discussed topics in the context of photogrammetric and image processing (computer vision) methods. The article presents a description of a simple and rapid method of measure the clearance distance between the obstacles by using one-image photogrammetry. The proposed method was tested for the railway, tram and...
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Integrated approach for functional safety and cyber security management in maritime critical infrastructures
PublicationThe work is devoted important issues of the management in maritime critical infrastructure of functional safety analysis, in particular the safety integrity level (SIL) verification of safety functions to be implemented within the distributed control and protection systems with regard to cyber security aspects. A method based on quantitative and qualitative information is proposed for the SIL (IEC 61508, 61511) verification with...
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The Influence of Selected Parameters of Numerical Modelling on Strains and Stresses at Weld Toe Notch
PublicationLatest development in the field of welding technology and prefabrication enabled massive production of thin-walled sandwich structures. Multi-layered sandwich structures are fabricated with the use of high-power CO2 lasers, friction welding, arc welding, hybrid welding, or other technique designed for the special purpose. Steel or aluminium alloy plates with thickness between 1 and 5 mm are connected by internal stiffeners. Strength...
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A Novel Spatio–Temporal Deep Learning Vehicle Turns Detection Scheme Using GPS-Only Data
PublicationWhether the computer is driving your car or you are, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) come into play on all levels, from weather monitoring to safety. These modern-day ADASs use various assisting tools for drivers to keep the journey safe; these sophisticated tools provide early signals of numerous events, such as road conditions, emerging traffic scenarios, and weather warnings. Many urban applications, such as car-sharing...
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ROSANNE Project: New Procedure for Noise Characterisation of Road Surfaces in Europe
PublicationROSANNE is a collaborative project in the 7th EU Framework Programme which aims at harmonising measurement methods for skid resistance, noise emission and rolling resistance of road pavements as a preparation for standardization. The project started in November 2013 and is developing and improving standards in the field of working group CEN/TC 227/WG 5. Regarding the influence of the pavement on the road traffic noise emission,...
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Benchmark of the traffic congestion in electrical transport by means of multi criteria decision analysis
PublicationCongestion of the road traffic is an important aspect related to the issues of energy consumption in public transport. Due to the multiattribute nature, the expression of traffic congestion in a quantitative valueis difficult to achieve. The article presents a method of estimation of traffic congestion by means of a multiattribute decision analysis.
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The new investing effectiveness evaluation multi-criteria method in modern supply systems
PublicationThe important problem in the processes of modelling and programming the development of sustainable energy sector is the multi-criteria manner of assessing the effectiveness of investments. The goal of this paper is to show how to take into account the impact of investments in multidimensional modelling decision-making processes. This goal can be achieved through the development, presentation, and use of a new multi-criteria method...
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Standard of living in Poland at regional level - classification with Kohonen self-organizing maps
PublicationThe standard of living is spatially diversified and its analyzes enable shaping regional policy. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the standard of living and to classify regions due to their standard of living, based on a wide set of determinants. The most common research methods are those based on composite indicators, however, they are not ideal. Among the current critiques moved to the use of composite...
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Damaged plasticity model - seismic analysis of structure of the Petronas Twin Towers (Kuala Lumpur) in Malaysia
PublicationThe article presents numerical simulations for the modelling of seismic impact on the structure of Petronas Twin Towers (Kuala Lumpur) in Malaysia with application of two methods. The Response Spectrum method, in which a spectrum of the structure's responses to an earthquake's impact is generated and the Acceletogram (BETA) method, in which we generate dynamic load in the form of a diagram of the connection between acceleration...
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Numerical modelling of the mesofracture process of sintered 316L steel under tension using microtomography
PublicationThis paper concerns numerical modelling of the deformation process, taking into account the local fracture of porous 316L sinters at the mesoscopic scale using the finite element method. Calculations are performed with the use of geometrical models, to map the realistic shape of the porous mesostructure of the material, obtained by means of computed microtomography. The microtomographic device has limited and insufficient measurement...
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Multi-objective Weather Routing with Customised Criteria and Constraints
PublicationThe paper presents a weather routing algorithm utilising a multi-objective optimisation with constraints, namely the Multi-objective Evolutionary Weather Routing Algorithm (MEWRA). In the proposed approach weather route recommendations can be made simultaneously e.g. for passage time, fuel consumption and safety of passage by means of Pareto optimisation. The sets of criteria and constraints in the optimisation process are fully...
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Hybrid Reduced Model of Continuous System
PublicationThe paper introduces an alternative method of modelling and modal reduction of continuous systems. Presented method is a hybrid one. It combines the advantages of modal decomposition method and the rigid finite element method. In the proposed method continuous structure is divided into one-dimensional continuous elements. For each 1D element modal decomposition and reduction is applied. Interactions between substructures are...
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Mercury in suspended matter of the Gulf of Gdańsk: Origin, distribution and transport at the land–sea interface
PublicationThe coastal regions of inland seas are particularly vulnerable to Hg pollution. An important carrier of toxic Hg in the marine environment is suspended matter originating from multiple sources. The present study was conducted in the Gulf...
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Estimating Traffic Intensity Employing Passive Acoustic Radar and Enhanced Microwave Doppler Radar Sensor
PublicationInnovative road signs that can autonomously display the speed limit in cases where the trac situation requires it are under development. The autonomous road sign contains many types of sensors, of which the subject of interest in this article is the Doppler sensor that we have improved and the constructed and calibrated acoustic probe. An algorithm for performing vehicle detection and tracking, as well as vehicle speed measurement,...
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Application of Pierson-Moskowitz wave spectrum to solution differential equations of multihull vessel
PublicationMotion of a dynamic system can be generated by different external or internal factors. At mathematical modelling external excitation factors of the most significant effect on the system, are selected. Such external factors are usually called excitations. Response of the system to given excitations is mathematically characterized by a definite transformation called operator of a system. For a broad class of dynamic systems the...
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Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) for PV System Based on Improved Pert and Observe (P&O) Method with PI Controller
PublicationPhotovoltaic power generation system has key rule in electricity production. Although, it is clean renewable energy with unlimited resources but it has some drawbacks in efficiency. In order to maximize the efficiency, PV array must drive at maximum power point. For the reason so, several algorithms are used in PV system to track MPP and reduce the...
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Numerical Investigation of Nuclear Reactor Kinetic and Heat Transfer Fractional Model with Temperature Feedback
PublicationAbstract—In the paper, the numerical results concerning the kinetics and proposed heat exchange models in nuclear reactor based on fractional calculus are presented for typical inputs. Two fractional models are proposed and compared with the model based on ordinary derivative. The first fractional model is based on one of the generalized Cattaneo equations. The second one is based on replacing the ordinary to fractional order of...
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Lung perfusion parameters in the diagnosis of diabetic pulmonary microangiopathy
PublicationThis paper presents the role of perfusion computed tomography (pCT) in the diagnosis of diabetic pulmonary microangiopathy. Our previous works have shown that perfusion parameters are useful in the diagnosis of diabetic pulmonary microangiopathy. In this article we focus on conditions that are necessary for such the diagnosis and introduce method of classification no microangiopathy vs. microangiopathy based on logistic regression....
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Rebuilding Bailey Bridge to Bridge With Bascule Span – A Case Study
PublicationThe structural analysis of a road foldable prefabricated steel Bailey- type bridge located over the Tuga River in Żelichowo, Poland is performed in this paper. Interesting and untypical bridge redevelopment performed made it possible to lift the middle foldable bridge span by approximately 4.0 m concerning the existing state. The paper begins with a survey of literature carried out on the investigations of foldable Bailey-type...
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The effect of current delay angle on tripping of residual current devices
PublicationPower electronics converters applied in domestic or similar installations may utilize current delay (phase) angle control to change the level of transferred power. Due to application of such types of converters, earth fault current in the installation may be strongly distorted. The current distortion level depends on a value of current delay angle. This delay angle also influences the tripping threshold of residual current devices....
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Tyre rolling resistance and its influence on fuel consumption
PublicationRolling resistance of tyres is one of the major resistive forces acting on any wheeled vehicle. Unfortunately, it is also one of the forces very difficult to measure. It is estimated that in certain traffic conditions (like for example constant speed driving with slow or moderate speed) so called Rolling Resistance Impact Factor may be as high as 0.3. This means that reduction of rolling resistance by 50% would lead to 15% of energy...
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TOTAL SHIP OPERABILITY – REVIEW, CONCEPT AND CRITERIA
PublicationThe ship operability can be understood and analysed in different manners, and its quality is described using different indexes by different authors. Practically, there is no general and widely accepted description of total ship operability in the literature, nor in the rules of classification societies, which would include both seakeeping and manoeuvrability characteristics of a ship, and simultaneously take into account all ship...
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Electromagnetic Simulations with 3D FEM and Intel Optane Persistent Memory
PublicationAbstract—Intel Optane persistent memory has the potential to induce a change in how high-performance calculations requiring a large system memory capacity are conducted. This article presents what this change may look like in the case of factorization of large sparse matrices describing electromagnetic problems arising in the 3D FEM analysis of passive highfrequency components. In numerical tests, the Intel oneAPI MKL PARDISO was...
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Weryfikacja Poziomów Nienaruszalności Bezpieczeństwa z uwzględnieniem Zagadnień Ochrony Informacji
PublicationNiniejszy rozdział poświęcono wybranym istotnym zagadnieniom analizy bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego, w szczególności weryfikacji poziomów nienaruszalności bezpieczeństwa SIL funkcji bezpieczeństwa implementowanych w rozproszonych systemach sterowania i zabezpieczeń z uwzględnieniem zagadnień ochrony informacji. Zaproponowano metodę opartą na informacji ilościowej i jakościowej do weryfikacji SIL (IEC 61508, 61511) z uwzględnieniem...
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Non-linear FEM analysis of pounding-involved response of buildings under non-uniform earthquake excitation
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to show the results of the study investigating the influence of non-uniform earthquake excitation, due to spatial seismic effects connected with the propagation of seismic wave, on the pounding-involved response of two buildings. The three-dimensional non-linear FEM analysis has been conducted using the detailed models of colliding structures. Acceleration records for different structural supports have been...
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A novel heterogeneous model of concrete for numerical modelling of ground penetrating radar
PublicationThe ground penetrating radar (GPR) method has increasingly been applied in the non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete structures. The most common approach to the modelling of radar waves is to consider concrete as a homogeneous material. This paper proposes a novel, heterogeneous, numerical model of concrete for exhaustive interpretation of GPR data. An algorithm for determining the substitute values of the material constants...
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On a Method of Efficiency Increasing in Kaplan Turbine
PublicationThis paper presents a method of increasing efficiency in Kaplan-type turbine. The method is based on blade profile optimisation together with modelling the interaction between rotor and stator blades. Loss coefficient was chosen as the optimisation criterion, which is related directly to efficiency. Global optimum was found by means of Genetic Algorithms, and Artificial Neural Networks were utilised for approximations to reduce...
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Underwater wet welding of S1300 ultra-high strength steel
PublicationMarine Structures Volume 81, January 2022, 103120 Underwater wet welding of S1300 ultra-high strength steel Author links open overlay panelJacekTomkówGrzegorzRogalski https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2021.103120 Get rights and content Under a Creative Commons licenseopen access Highlights • Technological method of S1300 steel underwater weldability improving was proposed. • Number of cracks and hardness of welded joints was...
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Degradation of reference tyres used for CPX measurements
PublicationMeasurements of tyre/road noise using the Close Proximity Method are based on reference tyres that are described in ISO/TS 11819-3. The standard specifies two tyres, namely "P1" and "H1" that should be used during measurements. To be used for measurements each tyre must fulfill certain conditions that are listed in the standard. The conditions are related to the tread pattern depth and rubber hardness. During experiments performed...
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Diagnosis of damages in family buildings using neural networks
PublicationThe article concerns a problem of damages in family buildings, which result from traffic-induced vibrations. These vibrations arise from various causes and their size is influenced by many factors. The most important is the type of a road, type and weight of vehicles that run on the road, type and condition of the road surface, the distance from the house to the source of vibrations and many others which should be taken into account....
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Assessing Highway Travel Time Reliability using Probe Vehicle Data
PublicationProbe vehicle data (also known as “floating car data”) can be used to analyze travel time reliability of an existing road corridor in order to determine where, when, and how often traffic congestion occurs at particular road segments. The aim of the study is to find the best reliability performance measures for assessing congestion frequency and severity based on probe data. Pilot surveys conducted on A2 motorway in Poland confirm...
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Comparison of pavement noise properties on selected road sections using different CPX measuring systems: self-powered vehicle and special test trailer
PublicationThe recently published ISO standard intended to measure the noise properties of road surfaces in a standardized method (ISO 11819-2:2017) precisely defines measurement procedure of the influence of road surface on traffic noise. According to it, two types of test vehicles may be utilized: a self-powered vehicle fitted with one or more test tyres and a trailer towed by a separate vehicle with one or more test tyres mounted on the...
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Investigating the Impact of Weather Conditions and Time of Day on Traffic Flow Characteristics
PublicationAdverse weather such as rain, snow, and fog may significantly reduce visibility or change adhesion properties and, as a consequence, affect drivers’ sense of safety, driving comfort, and their reaction to a changing driving environment (i.e., lower speed and increased headways). The changed behavior of individual drivers affects both traffic flow characteristics, that is, average speed and headways, and parameters related to highway...
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Wpływ wybranych właściwości maszyny badawczej na wynik eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym
PublicationNiniejsza monografia stanowi podsumowanie przekrojowych badań związanych z wpływem właściwości stanowiska badawczego (tribometru) na przebieg i rejestrowane wyniki eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym ciał stałych smarowanych cieczą w warunkach tarcia bez efektów smarowania hydrodynamicznego. Autor przedstawia wyniki kompleksowych analiz właściwości dynamicznych stanowiska badawczego w kontekście efektów obserwowanych...
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Functional safety analysis including human factors
PublicationThe article addresses selected aspects of human factors that should be taken into account during the design of safety-related functions for a complex hazardous installation and its protections. In such installations the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) methodology is often used for simplified risk analysis based on defined accident scenarios. To control the risk the safety instrumented functions (SIFs) are identified and their...
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Study of Multi-Class Classification Algorithms’ Performance on Highly Imbalanced Network Intrusion Datasets
PublicationThis paper is devoted to the problem of class imbalance in machine learning, focusing on the intrusion detection of rare classes in computer networks. The problem of class imbalance occurs when one class heavily outnumbers examples from the other classes. In this paper, we are particularly interested in classifiers, as pattern recognition and anomaly detection could be solved as a classification problem. As still a major part of...
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Predicting sulfanilamide solubility in the binary mixtures using a reference solvent approach
PublicationBackground. Solubility is a fundamental physicochemical property of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The optimization of a dissolution medium aims not only to increase solubility and other aspects are to be included such as environmental impact, toxicity degree, availability, and costs. Obtaining comprehensive...
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Cyclic behaviour modelling of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures
PublicationThe present work is concerned with the numerical modelling of the cyclic behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures. In the study, diamond structures of titanium alloy produced by the additive laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) method with different degrees of relative density were used. Realistic geometric models of the studied mesostructures were generated using computed microtomography, taking into account the imperfections of the...
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Propagation Loss and Interference Analysis for 5G Systems in the Context of C-ITS System Implementation
PublicationThe article presents the concept of implementing subsequent phases of services for the C-ITS system (the Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems), based on the European Parliament resolution of March 2018. Next, the 5G systems, in the context of their possible cooperation with C-ITS systems, were discussed. Numerical propagation analysis was performed for V2V and V2I type communication based on two different propagation models....
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Modeling, simulation, and validation of a TB41 crash test of the H2/W5/B concrete vehicle restraint system
PublicationThe paper addresses numerical simulations of a concrete vehicle restraint system. The model is described in detail. The advanced material law of the continuous surface cap model was used to analyze the damage locations in concrete barrier segments. The results were validated against the TB41 full-scale crash test. The test was conducted in compliance with European standard EN 1317, and the validation was performed in accordance...
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Urban scene semantic segmentation using the U-Net model
PublicationVision-based semantic segmentation of complex urban street scenes is a very important function during autonomous driving (AD), which will become an important technology in industrialized countries in the near future. Today, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) improve traffic safety thanks to the application of solutions that enable detecting objects, recognising road signs, segmenting the road, etc. The basis for these functionalities...