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Search results for: WATER
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Performance of the flat plate solar collector operated with water-Al2O3 nanofluid
PublicationThe paper discusses the effect of application of water-Al2O3 nanofluid, as a working fluid, on the efficiency of a flat plate solar collector. The mass concentration of nanoparticles was 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%. The tests were conducted for two values of radiation of about 1050 W/m2 and 400 W/m2, and volume flow rates of 60 l/h, 120 l/h and 170 l/h. The efficiency was calculated according to recommendations of the Polish Standard....
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Substance Flow Analysis of Mercury Affecting Water Quality in the European Union
PublicationW pracy zastosowano metodę SFA (Substance Flow Analysis) do oceny źródeł transportu i składowania rtęci w wodzie na terenie UE. W wyniku analizy stopnia zanieczyszczenia środowiska w przeszłości jak i scenariuszy zmian tego zanieczyszczenia w przyszłości stwierdzono, że spalanie paliw zawierających rtęć, takich jak węgiel i olej stanowi główne źródło zanieczyszczenia wody rtęcią.
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Microorganisms’ communities from ballast water transferred into the Odra River estuary
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Collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in water-in-oil microemulsion delivery systems
PublicationThe efficacy of microemul-sion in dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Here, we assessed the water-in-oilmicroemulsion capacity to incorporate two natural polymers, i.e. collagen and hyaluronic acid withlow and high molecular weight. Systems were extensively characterized in terms of conductivity, phaseinversion studies, droplet diameter, polydispersity index and rheological properties. The results of thisresearch...
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Water-Lubricated Sintered Bronze Journal Bearings—Theoretical and Experimental Research
PublicationWater lubricated bearings are used from many years in shipbuilding, hydro power and other industries because of their advantages such as: extensive serviceable life, low coefficient of friction, longevity of shaft sleeve, good abrasion resistance, low maintenance required, unit simplicity, no danger of pollution and low price. Various types of water lubricated sliding bearings have been tested at the Technical University of Gdansk...
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Contaminants in airport runoff water in the Vicinities of Two International Airports in Poland
PublicationThe general aim of the study was to evaluate environmental quality associated with the operations (combustion of fuels, cleaning of aircraft and airport aprons, aircraft, ground vehicle maintenance and repairs, fuelling operations, de/anti-icing operations) of international airports located in central and northern of Poland. These two monitoring areas were set up to monitor PAHs, PCBs, formaldehydes, phenols, detergents (cationic,...
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A Reduction Method for Bathymetric Datasets that Preserves True Coastal Water Geodata
PublicationWater areas occupy over 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and are constantly subject to research and analysis. Often, hydrographic remote sensors are used for such research, which allow for the collection of information on the shape of the water area bottom and the objects located on it. Information about the quality and reliability of the depth data is important, especially during coastal modelling. In-shore areas are liable...
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An approach for estimation of water wall degradation within pulverized-coal boilers
PublicationThe main aim of this paper is to estimate the lifetime of water walls of pulverized-coal boilers at nominal conditions as well as after degradation of water tubes. An approach for a pulverized-coal chamber degradation process has been formulated based on operational and experimental data. This model was formulated using on-line state monitoring of a pulverized coal burner with aim of preventing the fireplace screens from high degradation...
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Numerical analysis of CO2-water separation in a horizontal double T-junction
PublicationCarbon dioxide is considered one of the main factors leading to global warming. Considering the significant impacts of CO2 on climate change, various technologies have been developed in recent decades to control carbon emission, such as for example CO2 capture and storage. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant includes some devices, out of which, separator plays an indispensable role. To this end, T-junction...
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Calculating the Partition Coefficients of Organic Solvents in Octanol/Water and Octanol/Air
PublicationPartition coefficients define how a solute is distributed between two immiscible phases at equilibrium. The experimental estimation of partition coefficients in a complex system can be an expensive, difficult, and time-consuming process. Here a computational strategy to predict the distributions of a set of solutes in two relevant phase equilibria is presented. The octanol/water and octanol/air partition coefficients are predicted...
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Characterization of Sunflower Waste Carbonization: Energy Balance and Water Holding Properties
PublicationThis paper characterizes the carbonization process of biomass wastes, including sunflower husk pellets and sunflower sponge stalk pellets, at carbonization temperatures of 450 and 550 ◦C. These studies are important because of the reductions in wood resources for the preparation of barbecue charcoal, as well as agricultural benefits in terms of soil additives. In terms of energy balance, the obtained pyrolysis ensures the autothermal...
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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND pH IN SURFACE WATER AS TOOL FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL DIVERSITY
PublicationIn the present study, the creeks and lakes located at the western shore of Admiralty Bay were analysed. The impact of various sources of water supply was considered, based on the parameters of temperature, pH and specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC25). All measurements were conducted during a field campaign in January-February 2017. A multivariate dataset was also created and a biplot of SEC25 and pH of the investigated waters...
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Assessment of the Bulgarian Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Impact on the Receiving Water Bodies
PublicationDeterioration of water quality is a major problem world widely according to many international non-governmental organizations (NGO). As one of the European Union (EU) countries, Bulgaria is also obliged by EU legislation to maintain best practices in assessing surface water quality and the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes. For these reasons studies were undertaken to utilize ecotoxicological (Microtox®, Phytotoxkit...
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Comparison of single microjet cooling with water, ethanol and HFE7100 as test fluids
PublicationThe paper presents the investigation of a single microjet cooling forming an thin liquid film on the impingement surface of specially designed rig. The basis of microjet technology is to produce laminar jets, which when impinging the surface have a very high kinetic energy at the stagnation point. Applied technology of jet production can result with the size of jets ranging from 20 to 500μm in breadth and 20 to 100μm in width....
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Reject water and landfil leachate treatment with hydrophyte method - preliminary results
PublicationTreatment of landfill leachate (LL) and reject water (RWC) from dewatering of digested sludge in WWTPs have become one of the actual problems. Treatment of both types of wastewater is in many cases very costly and difficult due to quality and quantity fluctuations in time as well as high concentrations of specific pollutants. In case of our investigation the TSS concentration in RWC was two times higher than in LL. The shere of...
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Combination of hydrodynamic cavitation and SR-AOPs for simultaneous degradation of BTEX in water
PublicationHydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is an emerging technology gaining interest in water treatment for use in elimination of a wide range of organic pollutants. The energy released during cavitation phenomenon has number of applications and, particularly, it can be utilized for activation of persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS). In the present study, hybrid techniques: HC combined with persulfates – HC-PS and HC-PMS were tested...
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Kernel PCA in Application to Leakage Detection in Drinking Water Distribution System
PublicationMonitoring plays an important role in advanced control of complex dynamic systems. Precise information about system's behaviour, including faults detection, enables efficient control. Proposed method- Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA), a representative of machine learning, skilfully takes full advantage of the well known PCA method and extends its application to nonlinear case. The paper explains the general idea of KPCA...
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Signal conditioning for examination of shallow-water acoustic noise correlation properties
PublicationThe article describes the process of signal conditioning for examination of acoustic noise correlation properties in shallow water. Knowledge of these properties is very important for the design processes of passive and active hydroacoustic systems. This paper focuses on the above issue from the point of view of passive sonar. In sonar systems, signal processing algorithms operate on both useful acoustic signals, and accompanying...
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Water uptake and energetics of the formation of barium zirconate based multicomponent oxides
PublicationA group of multi-component oxides based on BaZrO3 have been prepared using a solid-state reaction method and examined in terms of their water uptake and thermodynamics of formation. Depending on the type and amount of acceptor substitution, the synthesized compounds exhibit various proton defect concentrations, reaching up to 0.2 mol/mol for a compound containing 10 different elements in the B-sublattice, where 50% of them are...
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Low-energy positron collisions with water: elastic and rotationally inelastic scattering
PublicationDifferential, integral and momentum transfer cross sections for the vibrationally elastic and rotationally inelastic scattering of positrons from water at low collision energy (E ≤ 10 eV) are reported. Several models within the R-matrix method are used to compute the body-fixed T-matrices, while the scattering calculations are performed within the fixed-nuclei approximation corrected with the standard Born-closure formula. These...
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Exfoliated graphite with spinel oxide as an effective hybrid electrocatalyst for water splitting
PublicationThe aim of the conducted research was to develop hybrid nanostructures formed from MnCo2O4 and exfoliated graphite. Carbon added during the synthesis allowed for obtaining a well-distributed MnCo2O4 particle size with exposed active sites contributing to the increased electric conductivity. The influence of the weight ratios of carbon to a catalyst for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions was investigated. The new bifunctional...
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Measurement of Impulse Response of Shallow Water Communication Channel by Correlation Method
PublicationPerformances of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems are strongly related to specific propagation conditions of the underwater channel; conditions that can additionally change in time due to the movement of the acoustic system transmitter and receiver or to reflection by underwater objects of the transmitted signal. The time-varying impulse response is a comprehensive description of dynamically changing transmission...
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Fuzzy Sets in the GIS Environment in the Location of Objects on the Surface of Water Bodies
PublicationThe issue presented here focuses on concerns about the localization of the object on water surface. The article shows how to facilitate localization process by applying mathematical solutions characterized by simplicity, rapid action and delivering credible results. The paper shows the results of background experiments, which enabled to collect technical parameters needed for conducting simulation testing. The research has been...
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Implementation of integrated control In drinking water distribution systems - IT system proposal
PublicationImplementation of integrated control algorithms requires suitable hardware and software platforms. Proposed solution must allow realizing control and monitoring tasks, while ensuring high reliability and security of processed data. Additionally, the software and hardware solutions must be immune to outside influence. This paper presents an approach to implementation of control systems in drinking water distribution system. Presented...
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Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of fecal coliforms isolated from surface water
Publicationof 274 fecal coliforms isolated from two watercourses influencing the costal water quality of the gdańsk and the puck bay, 265 were identified as escherichia coli. the remained strains belonged to: acinetobacter spp. (n=1), enterobacter spp. (n=3), klebsiella spp. (n=4) and shigella spp. (n=1). the susceptibility of 222 e. coli was tested against 19 antimicrobial agents: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, cephalosporines, folate antagonists,...
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Potential and Use of the Googlenet Ann for the Purposes of Inland Water Ships Classification
PublicationThis article presents an analysis of the possibilities of using the pre-degraded GoogLeNet artificial neural network to classify inland vessels. Inland water authorities monitor the intensity of the vessels via CCTV. Such classification seems to be an improvement in their statutory tasks. The automatic classification of the inland vessels from video recording is a one of the main objectives of the Automatic Ship Recognition and...
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Magnetic superhydrophobic melamine sponges for crude oil removal from water
PublicationThis paper proposes the preparation of a new sorbent material based on melamine sponges (MS) with superhydrophobic, superoleophilic, and magnetic properties. This study involved impregnating the surface of commercially available MS with eco-friendly deep eutectic solvents (DES) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The DES selection was based on the screening of 105 eutectic mixtures using COSMO-RS modeling. Other parameters affecting the efficiency...
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Determination of chlorinated solvents in industrial water and wastewater by DAI- GC-ECD
PublicationA very simple and quick analytical method, basedon direct aqueous injection, for determination of halogenatedsolvents in refinery water and wastewater, is described.There is a need to determine halogenated solvents in refinerywater streams, because they may originate from severalprocesses. There is also a need to develop methods enablingVOX to be determined in samples containing oil fractions.The method described enables simultaneous...
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Combined effect of nitrogen-doped carbon and NiCo2O4 for electrochemical water splitting
PublicationElectrocatalytic water splitting for green hydrogen production necessitates effective electrocatalysts. Currently, commercial catalysts are primarily platinum-based. Therefore, finding catalysts with comparable catalytic activity but lower cost is essential. This paper describes spinel-structured catalysts containing nickel cobaltite NiCo2O4, graphene, and additionally doped with heteroatoms. The structure and elemental composition...
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Green products from herbal medicine wastes by subcritical water treatment
PublicationHerbal medicine wastes (HMWs) are byproducts of medicine factories, which are mainly landfilled for their environmental problems. Only bearing in mind the contamination and concerns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental emissions, the worth of herbal medicine wastes management and conversion to green products can be understood. In this work, subcritical water treatment was carried out batch-wise in a stainless tube...
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Multicriteria decision analysis in ranking of analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water
PublicationThe study presents the possibility of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) application when choosing analytical procedures with low environmental impact. A type of MCDA, Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE), was chosen as versatile tool that meets all the analytical chemists – decision makers requirements. Twenty five analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water samples (as...
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Chemical characterization of dew water collected in different geographic regions of Poland
PublicationOkreślono poziomy stężeń składników śladowych obecnych w próbkach rosy zebranych na terenach wyraźnie różniących się pod względem położenia geograficznego jak również poziomem antropopresji. Próbki rosy były zbierane na terenie ośmiu stacji pomiarowych w cyklu dobowym w okresie od sierpnia 2004 do listopada 2006 roku. W zależności od położenia miejsc zbierania próbek oraz charakteru tła emisji zanieczyszczeń dokonano podziału na...
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Chemical characterization of dew water collected in different geographic regions of Poland
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań składu chemicznego próbek rosy zebranych na terenie Polski w okresie od 2004 do 2006 roku na terenach: rolniczym (Wrocław, Dziemiany), miejskim w strefie wybrzeża (Gdańsk, Gdynia, Sopot), miejskim, położonym poza strefą wybrzeża (Bytów, Kraków, Mława). Próbki rosy badano w celu uzyskania informacji o składzie jakościowym i ilościowym. Celem badań było dostarczenie informacji o składzie chemicznym (i wybranych...
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Legal requirements and wastewater discharges to Polish water bodies, 1945-2003
PublicationArtykuł podaje zmieniające się wymagania wobec jakości oczyszczonych ścieków w Polsce w okresie 1945-2003.Wskazuje się na podejście prawne w okresie ustroju socjalistycznego, zmiany które nastąpiły po upadku tego ustroju oraz sytuację, jaka pojawila się po wstąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. Podano przykładowe obliczenia celem zilustrowania ilościowych konsekwencji obowiązujacego w Polsce prawa dotyczącego ścieków.
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Molecular modeling of amphotericin B - ergosterol primary complex in water II
PublicationPrezentowane badania dotyczą oddziaływania antybiotyku polienowego anfoterycyny B (AmB) i ergosterolu (ERG) (typowego sterolu błonowego komórek grzybowych) na poziomie molekularnym. W odróżnieniu od badanego poprzednio kompleksu binarnego analizowany obecnie kompleks AnB/ERG/AmB charakteryzuje się zdecydowanie wiekszą stabilnością i wzglednie sztywną, sandwiczową geometrią. Za trwałość i geometrie kompleksu odpowiedzialne są oddziaływania...
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Experimental study of boiling heat transfer in the stagnation point of water microjet
PublicationIn the paper presented is a comparison of computational model with experimental data. Numerical model of liquid film with phase change in the stagnation zone due to impingement of the microjet is more widely presented in authors previous work. The radius on which theevaporation process is taking place can be determined from the energy balance on the element of the plate. That radius has also been confirmed experimentally in the...
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A procedure for the determination of dichloromethane and tetrachloroethene in water using pervaporation and gas chromatography
PublicationIn the present study, pervaporation was applied to the determination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and dichloromethane (DCM) in liquid samples. PCE is the most commonly used solvent in dry-cleaning processes. PCE belongs to group 2A of carcinogens (probably carcinogenic to humans) according to the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). DCM is also widely used as an industrial solvent for the purification...
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Pool boiling of water-Al2O3 nanofliud on horizontal porous coated tube
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań przejmowania ciepła podczas wrzenia w dużej objętości nanocieczy woda-Al2O3 na poziomej rurce z aluminiową powłoką porowatą o grubości 0.15 mm i porowatości 40%. Koncentracja nanocząstek wnosiła 0.01%, 0.1% oraz 1%. Niezależnie od koncentracji współczynnik przejmowania ciepła przy wrzeniu nanocieczy był niższy niż przy wrzeniu wody destylowanej.
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Fotokatalityczne uzdatnianie wody basenowej = Photocatalytic treatment of swimming pool water
PublicationW uzdatnianiu wody obserwuje się wzrastające znaczenie alternatywnych rozwiązań technologicznych, do których należą metody zaawansowanego utleniania oraz metody fotokatalityczne z zastosowaniem promieniowania ultrafioletowego a także, coraz częściej, promieniowania w zakresie widzialnym (słonecznego). W tym odniesieniu, przedstawiono istotę fotokatalizy w nadfiolecie i w zakresie widzialnym oraz sposoby przygotowania fotokatalizatorów...
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Determination of SCFAs in water using GC-FID. Selection of the separation system
PublicationIn the present study, an analytical procedure was developed for the determination of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in landfill leachate and municipal wastewater employing injection of aqueous samples to gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Chromatographic conditions such as a separation system, injection volume, oven temperature program were investigated and selected. With two columns, one with a polar (polyethylene...
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Energy conversion in small water plants with variable speed PM generator
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CFD model and experimental verification of water turbine integrated with electrical generator
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Analysis of application of feed-water injector heaters to steam power plants
PublicationStrumienice parowo-wodne to urządzenia, w których zachodzi wymiana masy, pędu i energii między dwoma płynami, pozostającymi w bezpośrednim kontakcie. Mogą one pracować jako pompy, mieszalniki bądź bezprzeponowe wymienniki ciepła. W tym ostatnim aspekcie są one bardzo interesujące do użycia jako regeneracyjne podgrzewacze wody w obiegu cieplnym Rankina stosowanym w siłowniach parowych na lądzie oraz na morzu (statki i okręty). W...
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Molecular Dynamics Study of the Internal Water Molecules in Vasopressin and Oxytocin Receptors
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Current methods and technologies for degradation of atrazine in contaminated soil and water: A review
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Possible Formation of H3O+ Cations Due to Aluminum Fluoride Interactions with Water
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Intermolecular Interactions in Selected Polymer-Water Systems as Seen by Raman Spectroscopy
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Activity of TiO2 Photocatalyst Modified with H2WO4 for Degradation of Organic Compounds in Water
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Application of TiO2-mounted activated carbon to the removal of phenol from water
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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles
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