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Introduction to the RSC Advances themed collection on nano and microscale modifications of biomaterials
PublikacjaThe dramatically increasing development of novel biomaterials, their manufacturing techniques, and surface modications, as well as their application in in vivo tests and clinical trials, is evident. It is interesting to note in what a relatively short time the well-known long-term implants have become medical standard: titanium dental implants started in 1965, and total hip arthroplasty (not very successful) was rst attempted...
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Effect of Pin Shape on Thermal History of Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welded Joint: Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling and Validation
PublikacjaThis article studied the effects of pin angle on heat generation and temperature distribution during friction stir welding (FSW) of AA1100 aluminum alloy and St-14 low carbon steel. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was implemented to simulate the FSW process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed in order to investigate internal materials’ flow. Simulation results revealed that the mechanical work...
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Synthesis, thermal, structural and electrical properties of vanadium-doped lithium-manganese-borate glass and nanocomposites
PublikacjaA glassy sample with a nominal formula LiMn1−3x/2VxBO3 (where x = 0.05) was synthesised using the melt-quenching method. Material was characterised by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffactometry (XRD) at room temperature and as a function of temperature (HT-XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), impedance spectroscopy (IS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dependences of glass transition and crystallisation...
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New-fangled sources of cellulose extraction: comparative study of the effectiveness of Cissus latifolia and Ficus benghalensis cellulose as a filler
PublikacjaRecycled polymers and biopolymers are receiving a great deal of attention these days. If these two can be combined, it will lead to an environment-friendly green material with a great deal of applications. Here the present work is about incorporating bio-based fillers in a recycled polyurethane matrix. Two unusual and extremely novel sources of cellulose have been proposed. The celluloses obtained from Cissus latifolia and Ficus...
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Influence of Surface Laser Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses of Titanium and its Alloys
PublikacjaSurface modification of the titanium and its alloys used in implantology with a long-pulse laser can change the surface topography, but it also leads to changes in the stress sign and magnitude in the resulting subsurface layer. The presented research was aimed at evaluating the state of stress after laser remelting with the Nd:YAG laser of pre-etched titanium alloys Ti6Al4V and Ti13Nb13Zr and pure titanium. The obtained surface...
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Tuning the photocatalytic performance through magnetization in Co-Zn ferrite nanoparticles
PublikacjaIn this work, the link between the photocatalytic performance of Co-Zn ferrite nanoparticles and the net magnetic moment is analyzed. CoxZn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were synthesized by co-precipitation method and different physicochemical techniques were employed to characterize the samples (X-ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), Photoluminescence spectroscopy,...
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Modification of TiO2 nanotubes by graphene–strontium and cobalt molybdate perovskite for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic medium
PublikacjaHerein, we demonstrate that modification of TiO2 nanotubes with graphene–strontium and cobalt molybdate perovskite can turn them into active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). For this purpose, a simple method of hydrothermal synthesis of perovskites was developed directly on the TiO2 nanotubes substrate. Moreover, the obtained hybrids were also decorated with graphene oxide (GO) during one-step hydrothermal...
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The Chemical and Biological Properties of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings with Antibacterial Nanometals, Obtained in the Electrophoretic Process on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy
PublikacjaThe risk of an early inflammation after implantation surgery of titanium implants has caused the development of different antimicrobial measures. The present research is aimed at characterizing the effects of nanosilver and nanocopper dispersed in the nanohydroxyapatite coatings, deposited on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, and on the chemical and biological properties of the coatings.The one-stage deposition process was performed by the...
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Effect of double thermal and electrochemical oxidation on titanium alloys for medical applications
PublikacjaThe research focuses on the development and characterization of innovative thin hybrid oxide coatings obtained in subsequent processes of thermal (TO) and electrochemical (EO) oxidation. Four different surface modifications were investigated and the microstructure was determined, the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy were assessed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersion analysis,...
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Novel Class of Proton Conducting Materials—High Entropy Oxides
PublikacjaHere, for the first time, we present data on proton conductivity of high-entropy, single-phase perovskites. The BaZr0.2Sn0.2Ti0.2Hf0.2Ce0.2O3−δ, BaZr0.2Sn0.2Ti0.2Hf0.2Y0.2O3−δ, BaZr1/7Sn1/7Ti1/7Hf1/7Ce1/7Nb1/7Y1/7O3−δ, and BaZr0.15Sn0.15Ti0.15Hf0.15Ce0.15Nb0.15Y0.10O3−δ single-phase perovskites were synthesized. Before electrical measurements, materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy...
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Highly porous nanoberyllium for X-ray beam speckle suppression
PublikacjaThe speckle suppressor device containing highly porous nanoberyllium is proposed for manipulating with the spatial coherence length and removing undesirable speckle structure during the imaging experiments. We report a special device called the speckle suppressor, which contains the highly porous nanoberyllium plate, compacted from both sides by two beryllium windows. By insertion the speckle suppressor in the X-ray beam it allows...
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Copper Slag as a Potential Waste Filler for Polyethylene-Based Composites Manufacturing
PublikacjaThe present study aimed to analyze the application of waste material from copper production– copper slag (ŻŻL) as filler for composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Copper slag filler was introduced in the amounts of 1–20 wt%, and its influence on the appearance (color analysis), chemical structure (Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy), microstructure (optical microscopy), as well as static (tensile...
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ZnO coated fiber optic microsphere sensor for the enhanced refractive index sensing
PublikacjaOptical fiber-based sensors are expected to become key components in the control of industrial processes,and the tuning and the enhancement of their sensing properties are crucial for the further developmentof this technology. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), a vapor phase technique allowing for the deposition ofconformal thin films, is particularly suited for the deposition of controllable thin films on challenging sub-strates....
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3D Hierarchical Boron-Doped Diamond-Multilayered Graphene Nanowalls as an Efficient Supercapacitor Electrode
PublikacjaSynthesis of stable hybrid carbon nanostructure for high-performance supercapacitor electrode with long life-cycle for electronic and energy storage devices is a real challenge. Here, we present a one-step synthesis method to produce conductive boron-doped hybrid carbon nanowalls (HCNWs), where sp2-bonded graphene has been integrated with and over a three-dimensional curved wall-like network of sp3-bonded diamond. The spectroscopic...
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The effect of nitrogen on the structure and thermal properties of beryllium-containing Na-(Li)-Si-O-N glasses
PublikacjaTwo oxynitride glass series with the composition of 35Na2O-5BeO-(60-x)SiO2-xSi3N4 and 9Li2O- 27Na2O-5BeO-(59-x)SiO2-xSi3N4, were prepared. The glasses' topography and structure were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The composition was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer, SEM-EDS and nitrogen and oxygen elemental analyzer. Na-(Li)-Be-silicate glasses were found to contain...
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Influence of Selected Saccharides on the Precipitation of Calcium-Vaterite Mixtures by the CO2 Bubbling Method
PublikacjaCalcium carbonate is a compound existing in living organisms and produced for many biomedical applications. In this work, calcium carbonate was synthesized by a CO2 bubbling method using ammonia as a CO2 absorption promotor. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and trehalose were added into the reaction mixture to modify characteristics of precipitated calcium carbonate particles. To determine the polymorphic form of produced calcium carbonate...
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The Influence of Substitution of a Phosphorus-Containing Polyol with the Bio-polyol on the Properties of Bio-based PUR/PIR Foams
PublikacjaIn this work, effects of incorporating of a phosphorus-containing polyol into rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams’ formulations developed with use of two different bio-based polyols, derived from crude glycerol or liquefied cellulose were examined. The bio-polyol derived from crude glycerol was synthesized via two-step process from crude glycerol and castor oil, whereas the bio-polyol derived from liquefied cellulose was...
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Effect of cobalt addition on the corrosion behaviorof near equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy in normal saline solution: electrochemical and XPS studies
PublikacjaThe electrochemical and corrosion (uniform and localized) behavior of a binary Ni52Ti48 shape memory alloy (SMA) and two ternary Ni52Ti48-xCox (x = 1.5 and 4.0 wt.%) SMAs were studied. Measurements were conducted in 0.9% NaCl solution at 37 oC employing various electrochemical methods. These include: linear polarization resistance (LPR), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry and dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy...
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Characterization of volatile compounds, structural, thermal and physico-mechanical properties of cross-linked polyethylene foams degraded thermo-mechanically at variable times
PublikacjaWaste cross-linked polyethylene foam (wXLPE) was thermo-mechanically degraded at variable time using internal batch mixer. The progress of wXLPE degradation has been investigated by using a simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling measurements, tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy. Volatile organic compounds generated during...
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Softwood-lignin/natural rubber composites containing novel plasticizing agent: Preparation and characterization
PublikacjaComposite materials based on natural rubber were obtained by using glycerolysate (decomposition prod- uct of polyurethane) as a novel plasticizer. In order to determine the effect of various lignin content, four different filler amounts were used, namely, 5 phr (parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) of lignin (WLI5G), 10 phr (WLI10G), 20 phr (WLI20G), and 40 phr (WLI40G). The reference specimen without lignin (WLI0G) was also...
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AFM-assisted investigation of conformal coatings in electronics
PublikacjaPurpose – This paper aims to presents a new method of investigation of local properties of conformal coatings utilized in microelectronics. Design/methodology/approach – It is based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique supplemented with the ability of local electrical measurements, which apart from topography acquisition allows recording of local impedance spectra, impedance imaging and dc current mapping. Potentialities...
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Ellipsometric investigation of nitrogen doped diamond thin films grown in microwave CH4/H2/N2 plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
PublikacjaThe influence of N2 concentration (1%–8%) in CH4/H2/N2 plasma on structure and optical properties of nitrogen doped diamond (NDD) films was investigated. Thickness, roughness, and optical properties of the NDD films in the VIS–NIR range were investigated on the silicon substrates using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The samples exhibited relatively high refractive index (2.6 6 0.25 at 550 nm) and extinction coefficient (0.05 6 0.02...
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Synthesis and structural properties of (Y, Sr)(Ti, Fe, Nb)O3−δ perovskite nanoparticles fabricated by modified polymer precursor method
PublikacjaThe yttrium, iron and niobium doped-SrTiO3 powders have been successfully fabricated by a modified low–temperature synthesis method from a polymer complex. The usage of strontium hydroxide precursor instead of conventional strontium nitrate or strontium carbonate provides to the possibility of significant decrease of annealing temperature. It allows to prepare a material with sphere-shape grains of nanometric size (15–70 nm). The...
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An investigation on the role of GMA grafting degree on the efficiency of PET/PP-g-GMA reactive blending: morphology and mechanical properties
PublikacjaGlycidyl methacrylate (GMA) has been grafted on polypropylene (PP) with the aid of styrene (St) comonomer, by changing dicumyl peroxide initiator content, GMA level, and St concentration. The performance of the resulting PP-g-GMA reactive material towards static and dynamic mechanical properties of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was monitored in terms of grafting reaction variables and compatibilizer content. Fourier transform...
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Sound Art and Architecture: New Horizons for Architecture and Urbanism
PublikacjaThe article discusses the crossroad between art and architecture. It sketches out the theoretical and practical aspects of involving art into architecture and multisensory dimensions of space. The analysis is based on examples of innovative experimental activities for architecture: educational projects such as workshops, seminars and courses, combining art and architecture, with special emphasis on sound art, and the consequences...
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Flock behavior and control
PublikacjaIn this paper we present the results of the Flock Behaviour and Control workshop cluster during “Shapes of Logic Conference 2015”. During the event, students got familiar with the techniques of both visual and sound real-time data processing. The second topic presented for students was behaviourbased approach of design process, mainly based on the mathematical rules set up by Craig Raynolds on the swarm behaviour. The aim of the...
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Assessment of the ice jam potential on regulated rivers and reservoirs with the use of numerical model results
PublikacjaThis study presents an attempt at estimating the jam potential on rivers with significant anthropogenic intervention in the course or flow characteristics of the river. The DynaRiCE model was used for forecasting both the place and time of an ice jam occurrence. In this modified method, two ice parameters are subjected to analysis, namely the relative ice-to-water velocity (vi/vw),and the ice thickness to single floe thickness...
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Independent dynamics of low, intermediate, and high frequency spectral intracranial EEG activities during human memory formation
PublikacjaA wide spectrum of brain rhythms are engaged throughout the human cortex in cognitive functions. How the rhythms of various frequency ranges are coordinated across the space of the human cortex and time of memory processing is inconclusive. They can either be coordinated together across the frequency spectrum at the same cortical site and time or induced independently in particular bands. We used a large dataset of human intracranial...
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Die neue Straßenbrücke in Toruń (Thorn) – Teil 2 – Nachweise
PublikacjaAls Fortsetzung von Teil 1, der über den Entwurf und den Bau der neuen, die Weichsel querenden Straßenbrücken in Toruń (deutsch: Thorn) berichtet, geht es im Folgenden um die theoretischen und experimentalen Nachweisen zum Montageprozess und zu Probebelastungen. Somit eine umfassende Beurteilung der beschriebenen , herausragenden Ingenieursleistung gegeben.
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Nowa metoda diagnostyki stanu technicznego nakładek stykowych
PublikacjaThe current collection system, which consists of the overhead contact line and a current collector, is particularly important in electric rail vehicles, where their reliability is concerned. Faultless current collection is conditioned not only by suitable construction of these elements but also by their proper maintenance. Retaining permanent electrical contact is essential in DC systems, where current demand is relatively high. In...
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Zagospodarowanie akwenów wodnych zgodnie z zasadami zrównoważonego rozwoju na przykładzie koncepcji otwarcia rekreacyjno-turystycznego drogi wodnej Górnej Wisły
PublikacjaW referacie przedstawiono kwestię istotności prawidłowego gospodarowania akwenami wodnymi. Analizie porównawczej poddano autorski projekt turystyczno-rekreacyjnego wykorzystania Górnej Wisły z zasadami zrównoważoianego rozwoju. Projekt ten zakładał zagospodarowanie akwenu wodnego na cele aktywności lokalnych mieszkańców i turystów co jest zgodne z planami rozwoju dróg wodnych w Polsce.
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Flood risk assessment for office and services building Alchemia II at Al. Grunwaldzka 409 in Gdansk.
PublikacjaThe aim of the study is to assess the risk of flood from natural meteorological and hy-drological phenomena, for office and services building Alchemia II in Gdansk at Al. Grun-waldzka 409. The project includes the analysis of potential sources of floods in Gdansk re-garding the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Gdansk, the Vistula River basin and excessive rainfall and snowmelt waters being a significant element of hydrological processes...
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Numerical Modeling of Water and Ice Dynamics for Analysis of Flow Around the Kiezmark Bridge Piers
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of a numerical model study on the effect of ice on the proposed bridge piers in the Vistula River outlet and its effect on flow conditions in the river. The model DynaRICE is used in this study, which is a two-dimensional hydro-ice dynamic numerical model developed for dynamic ice transport and jamming in rivers. To simulate river hydrodynamics in the vicinity of the bridge piers, 2-dimensional numerical...
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Long-distance quantum communication over noisy networks without long-time quantum memory
PublikacjaThe problem of sharing entanglement over large distances is crucial for implementations of quantum cryptography. A possible scheme for long-distance entanglement sharing and quantum communication exploits networks whose nodes share Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. In Perseguers et al. [Phys. Rev. A 78, 062324 (2008)] the authors put forward an important isomorphism between storing quantum information in a dimension D and transmission...
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Influence of an Interview Location on Opinions about the Ecosystem Services Provided by Trees
PublikacjaCollecting opinions regarding environmental management is essential, particularly in urban areas where space is limited, and interests often collide. However, the impact of the conditions in which the research is conducted on opinions and preferences elicited via surveys and interviews about the environment is usually taken for granted. The recent development of computer-aided survey methods allows a simulation of an environment,...
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Neurodiversity and remote work in times of crisis: lessons for HR
PublikacjaPurpose The rich qualitative study builds on 11 semi-structured interviews with nine neurodivergent employees and two business professionals supportive of neurodiversity to understand the lived experiences of dealing with crisis in a remote working environment. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of the reported research is to understand how neurominorities experience remote working in the times of crisis and what the implications...
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VREA PROJECT - A DIGITAL CURATOR FOR ARCHITECTURE AND DIGITAL PERSPECTIVES FOR HERITAGE MANAGEMENT AND ENHANCEMENT
PublikacjaThinking about architectural education, one must face the challenges of the ever-changing and digital world and bear in mind the figure of the architect of the future - the curator of digital data. Nowadays the aim is to train specialists who know how to manage the production of digital products and are able to face the challenges of digital change in the field of architecture and architectural heritage management. Virtual Reality...
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Study of the Performance of DSSS UAC System Depending on the System Bandwidth and the Spreading Sequence
PublikacjaA signal transmitted in an Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) system operating in a shallow-water channel suffers from strong time dispersion due to multipath propagation. This causes the Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) observed in the received signal, which significantly limits the communication system’s reliability and transmission rate. In such propagation conditions, the Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) method is...
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Modelling and computer animation of geodetic field work
Publikacja3D modelling of objects is a way of obtaining information, while the visualization of geospatial data is becoming a production task in the scope of surveying. Visualization of geospatial data provides effective tools for analysis information about the land surface, land cover, its features, properties etc. Computer animations, both 2D images and 3D are becoming additional, expected and clear form for presentation results of geodetic...
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LS-DYNA simulations of the impacts of a 38-ton Heavy Goods Vehicle into a road cable barrier
PublikacjaNowadays, more and more attention is being paid to safety on roads and motorways. It is due to the continuous development of road and motorway network and a significant increase of the number of vehicles on roads. To meet the expectations of improving road safety in Poland, the Road Innovations Development (RID) research programme was implemented in 2016. The aim of the RID 3A - Road Safety Equipment (RoSE) project is a comprehensive...
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Effect of native air-formed oxidation on the corrosion behavior of AA7075 aluminum alloys
PublikacjaThe microstructure of aluminum alloys plays a key role in their corrosion resistance. In particular, the presence of intermetallic precipitates differing in the potential from the alloy matrix induces local corrosion. The study presents the effect of native air-formed oxidation on the corrosion behavior of AA 7075 aluminum alloy. Various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques were used to examine the changes occurring in the...
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Damage Development on the Surface of Nickel Coating in the Initial Period of Erosion
PublikacjaThe common occurrence of the phenomenon of cavitation in many industries and the multitude of factors affecting the resistance to cavitation erosion of used materials contribute to the search for methods and appropriate parameters of coating application that are able to minimize the effects of erosion. To determine the validity of the developed application parameters and the method used, cavitation studies and microscopic observations...
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of a dissimilar metal welded joint of Inconel 617 and P92 steel with Inconel 82 buttering layer for AUSC boiler application
PublikacjaThe application of the novel dissimilar metal welded (DMW) joint, utilizing Inconel 617 and P92 steel, was showcased in the advanced ultra-supercritical (AUSC) boiler. The work has been performed to investigate the effect of Inconel 82 (ERNiCr-3) buttering layer on microstructure and mechanical properties (high-temperature tensile strength, impact strength and microhardness) of gas tungsten arc welded (GTAW) dissimilar joint between...
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Building Knowledge for the Purpose of Lip Speech Identification
PublikacjaConsecutive stages of building knowledge for automatic lip speech identification are shown in this study. The main objective is to prepare audio-visual material for phonetic analysis and transcription. First, approximately 260 sentences of natural English were prepared taking into account the frequencies of occurrence of all English phonemes. Five native speakers from different countries read the selected sentences in front of...
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Wear of electroplated diamond tools in lap-grinding of Al2O3 ceramic materials
PublikacjaCurrent development of modern products, together with ever-increasing demands for their operation and usage, necessitate the search for new processing methods. Abrasive machining is widely used in many industrial areas, especially for processing difficult-to-machine materials such as advanced ceramics. Grinding with lapping kinematics, also called lap-grinding, is still one of the innovative methods of abrasive processing being...
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Charge density wave and crystalline electric field effects in TmNiC2
PublikacjaSingle crystals of TmNiC2 were grown by the optical floating-zone technique and were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal expansion, electrical resistivity, specific heat, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Single-crystal XRD reveals the formation of a commensurate charge density wave (CDW) characterized by a CDW modulation vector q2c = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5), which is accompanied by a symmetry change from the orthorhombic...
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Global Approaches to Reduce Light Pollution from Media Architecture and Non-Static, Self-Luminous LED Displays for Mixed-Use Urban Developments
PublikacjaUrban environments have become significantly brighter and more illuminated, and cities now consider media architecture and non-static, self-luminous LED displays an essential element of their strategy to attract residents, visitors, and tourists in the hours after dark. Unfortunately, most often, they are not designed with care, consideration, and awareness, nor do they support the visual wellbeing and circadian rhythms of humans....
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Developing a Framework for the Implementation of Landscape and Greenspace Indicators in Sustainable Urban Planning. Waterfront Landscape Management: Case Studies in Gdańsk, Poznań and Bristol
PublikacjaUrban landscape (UL) management and urban greenspace (UG) delivery require effective planning tools. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual framework for the implementation of ecological, structural and visual landscape and greenspace indicators (LGI) in spatial development of urban areas. The UL and UG management provisions in Poland are identified at various levels of urban planning (local, municipal and regional). Furthermore,...
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Human verbal memory encoding is hierarchically distributed in a continuous processing stream
PublikacjaProcessing of memory is supported by coordinated activity in a network of sensory, association, and motor brain regions. It remains a major challenge to determine where memory is encoded for later retrieval. Here we used direct intracranial brain recordings from epilepsy patients performing free recall tasks to determine the temporal pattern and anatomical distribution of verbal memory encoding across the entire human cortex. High...
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Labellum and gynostemium micromorphology in Polystachya (Orchidaceae)
PublikacjaPolystachya is a large, pantropical orchid genus of 200 species, most of which occur as epiphytes in sub-saharan Africa. The three-lobed labellum of most Polystachya species possesses a fleshy callus and various types of trichomes and papillae. In this paper, we present the results of micromorphological studies on the labellum of 20 species, representing eight of the 13 sections in the genus, using scanning electron microscopy...