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Shear resistance of low height precast concrete lintels
PublicationThe scope of the paper is to investigate analytically and determine experimentally the shear resistance of low height reinforced precast concrete lintels. The chosen procedures included in national and international standards applied for the design of structural concrete elements to an estimation of shear behaviour of reinforced concrete elements are described. The characteristic and designed shear strength of precast concrete...
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Detecting Objects of Various Categories in Optical Remote Sensing Imagery Using Neural Networks
PublicationThe effective detection of objects in remote sensing images is of great research importance, so recent years have seen a significant progress in deep learning techniques in this field. However, despite much valuable research being conducted, many challenges still remain. A lot of research projects focus on detecting objects of a single category (class), while correctly detecting objects of different categories is much harder. The...
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Real-Time Bleeding Detection in Gastrointestinal Tract Endoscopic Examinations Video
PublicationThe article presents a novel approach to medical video data analysis and recognition of bleedings. Emphasis has been put on adapting pre-existing algorithms dedicated to the detection of bleedings for real-time usage in a medical doctor’s office during an endoscopic examination. A real-time system for analyzing endoscopic videos has been designed according to the most significant requirements of medical doctors. The main goal of...
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Adapt Your Teacher: Improving Knowledge Distillation for Exemplar-free Continual Learning
PublicationIn this work, we investigate exemplar-free class incremental learning (CIL) with knowledge distillation (KD) as a regularization strategy, aiming to prevent forgetting. KDbased methods are successfully used in CIL, but they often struggle to regularize the model without access to exemplars of the training data from previous tasks. Our analysis reveals that this issue originates from substantial representation shifts in the teacher...
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Structure of the Resource Theory of Quantum Coherence
PublicationQuantum coherence is an essential feature of quantum mechanics which is responsible for the departure between the classical and quantum world. The recently established resource theory of quantum coherence studies possible quantum technological applications of quantum coherence, and limitations that arise if one is lacking the ability to establish superpositions. An important open problem in this context is a simple characterization...
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Asymmetrical Modes in Polyphase Motors and Drives
PublicationThe effect of power supply and/or motor asymmetry on the phase-load distribution and the ripple of electromagnetic torque in a polyphase drive is studied by the method of symmetrical components. It is shown that the presence of asymmetry causes the mapping of all harmonics in the supply voltage into all planes of symmetrical components and eliminates the possibility of independent control of harmonics. The dynamic model of a five-phase...
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GIUSEPPE VOLPI. IL GRANDE MEDIATORE TRA ISTITUZIONI, POLITICA ED ECONOMIA
PublicationGiuseppe Volpi di Misurata represented a mediation point between different interests both in the economic field and in the complex national – but also regional and local – political balance that long underpinned the fascist regime. This article intends to revisit this figure between the 1920s and the Second World War. The attempt will be made to identify, through an approach that will be chronological and thematic, the passages...
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THE RISE OF FISCAL OPACITY IN POLAND IN THE ERA OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
PublicationResearch background: The quality of information provided by the fiscal authorities and the correct flow of this information between them and the society are very important especially in times of crisis, when there is an imbalance in public finances and an increasing public debt. Ensuring fiscal transparency (transparency of public finances) reduces fiscal risk and corruption and supports public acceptance of fiscal reforms. Purpose...
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Structure and the space vector modulation for a medium-voltage power-electronic-transformer based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge inverters
PublicationThis study presents the structure and the space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) for power electronic transformer (PET) based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge (CHB) inverters. The DC links of CHB inverters are coupled with nine dual-active bridge (DAB) converters with medium-frequency transformers. The DC-link voltages are equalised with two methods – through the control of DAB voltages...
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Carotid Artery Stenting and Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability in Subjects with Chronic Carotid Artery Stenosis
PublicationFailure of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical event in the development and progression of diseases such as acute ischemic stroke, chronic ischemia or small vessels disease that affect the central nervous system. It is not known whether BBB breakdown in subjects with chronic carotid artery stenosis can be restrained with postoperative recovery of cerebral perfusion. The aim of the study was to assess the short-term effect...
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ROSANNE Project: New Procedure for Noise Characterisation of Road Surfaces in Europe
PublicationROSANNE is a collaborative project in the 7th EU Framework Programme which aims at harmonising measurement methods for skid resistance, noise emission and rolling resistance of road pavements as a preparation for standardization. The project started in November 2013 and is developing and improving standards in the field of working group CEN/TC 227/WG 5. Regarding the influence of the pavement on the road traffic noise emission,...
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Soil pH effects on the comparative toxicity of dissolved zinc, non-nano and nano ZnO to the earthwormEisenia fetida
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Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing using UV irradiated Au-nanoparticle-decorated WO3-nanowire films
PublicationWO3 nanowires (WO3-NWs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized in resistive gas sensor devices to detect ethanol by use of fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES). The experimental system records both DC resistance and fluctuations of the sensing film. Our data verify that the sensitivity and selectivity of the gas sensor are improved by applying FES when the sensor is stimulated with a combination of UV light and heating....
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New approaches for improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistive gas sensors: A review
PublicationResistive gas sensors are very popular and reliable but suffer from low selectivity and sensitivity. Various methods have been suggested to improve both features without increasing the number of sensors in gas detection systems. Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing was proposed to improve gas detection efficiency by analyzing low-frequency resistance fluctuations, and noise parameters can be more informative than the single DC resistance...
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UV-Light-Induced Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing by WO3-Based Gas Sensors
PublicationWO3-based gas sensors were investigated under UV-light irradiation and at different working temperatures with the object of achieving superior sensitivity and selectivity. Resistance fluctuations in the WO3 layer were studied together with dc resistance measurements. The data were taken in synthetic air, ethanol, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures of these gases. We conclude that UV irradiation can easily be applied to enhance the...
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Detection of person presence and its activity in the bathtub
PublicationA practical application of a bioimpedance technique for a detection of a bathing person is presented in the paper. It addresses the possibility of supervising people in the bathtub without voiding of their intimacy. The measurement system installed in a fiber-glass or a plastic bathtub is able to detect a presence of the bathing person, to estimate its activity and thus to detect potentially dangerous events. In the paper a principle...
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The geodetic monitoring of the engineering structure – a practical solution of the problem in 3D space
PublicationThe study raises the issues concerning the automatic system designed for the monitoring of movement of controlled points, located on the roof covering of the Forest Opera in Sopot. It presents the calculation algorithm proposed by authors. It takes into account the specific design and location of the test object. High forest stand makes it difficult to use distant reference points. Hence the reference points used to study the stability...
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Perfectly Wetting Mixtures of Surfactants from Renewable Resources: The Interaction and Synergistic Effects on Adsorption and Micellization
PublicationThis paper presents a study of the surface properties of mixtures of surfactants originating from renewable sources, i.e., alkylpolyglucoside (APG), ethoxylated fatty alcohol (AE), and sodium soap (Na soap). The main objective was to optimize the surfactant ratio which produces the highest wetting properties during the analysis of the solution of the individual surfactants, twoand three-component mixtures, and at different pH values....
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Structure and Randomness in Planning and Reinforcement Learning
PublicationPlanning in large state spaces inevitably needs to balance the depth and breadth of the search. It has a crucial impact on the performance of a planner and most manage this interplay implicitly. We present a novel method \textit{Shoot Tree Search (STS)}, which makes it possible to control this trade-off more explicitly. Our algorithm can be understood as an interpolation between two celebrated search mechanisms: MCTS and random...
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A Clustering-Based Methodology for Selection of Fault Tolerance Techniques
PublicationDevelopment of dependable applications requires selection of appropriate fault tolerance techniques that balance efficiency in fault handling and resulting consequences, such as increased development cost or performance degradation. This paper describes an advisory system that recommends fault tolerance techniques considering specified development and runtime application attributes. In the selection process, we use the K-means...
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A Concept of Automatic Film Color Grading Based on Music Recognition and Evoked Emotions
PublicationThe article presents the aspects of the final selection of the color of shots in film production based on the psychology of color. First of all, the elements of color processing, contrast, saturation or white balance in the film shots were presented and the definition of color grading was given. In the second part of the article the analysis of film music was conducted in the context of stimulating appropriate emotions while watching...
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International Competitiveness of Czech Manufacturing: A Sectoral Approach with Error Correction Model
PublicationThe main objective of this paper is to find the determinants of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing sectors of the Czech economy, using the database of 13 manufacturing subsectors in 1995–2011, with the aid of ECM model. The authors research the question of how much foreign and domestic demand, the level of labour costs, the level of sector innovation intensity, the level of sector openness to foreign markets...
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Changes in psychological distress among Polish medical university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic
PublicationOur study aims to update knowledge about psychological distress and its changes in the Polish group of academic medical teachers after two years of a global pandemic. During the coronavirus disease, teachers were challenged to rapidly transition into remote teaching and adapt new assessment and evaluation systems for students, which might have been...
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Segmentation-Based BI-RADS ensemble classification of breast tumours in ultrasound images
PublicationBackground: The development of computer-aided diagnosis systems in breast cancer imaging is exponential. Since 2016, 81 papers have described the automated segmentation of breast lesions in ultrasound images using arti- ficial intelligence. However, only two papers have dealt with complex BI-RADS classifications. Purpose: This study addresses the automatic classification of breast lesions into binary classes (benign vs. ma- lignant)...
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Analysis of the Water Level Variation in the Polish Part of the Vistula Lagoon (Baltic Sea) and Estimation of Water Inflow and Outflow Transport through the Strait of Baltiysk in the Years 2008–2017
PublicationThe Vistula Lagoon is located in both Poland and Russia along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. It is connected to the Baltic Sea in the Russian part by the Strait of Baltiysk. The purpose of the paper is to identify the dominant factors underlying the water level variation mechanism at Tolkmicko in the Vistula Lagoon, revealed by a statistical analysis of the measured data and a discussion on the inflow and outflow transport...
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Phase Separation and Electrical Properties of Manganese Borosilicate Glasses
PublicationThe structure and electrical properties of manganese borosilicate glasses of a composition of xMnO-(0.8-x)SiO2-(0.2)B2O3 (x=0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 in mol) were investigated by impedance spectroscopy, SEM, XRD and confocal microscopy methods. The influence of composition on the glass structure and electrical properties was discussed. A separation of two amorphous phases was observed and it was concluded that one phase is SiO2-rich and...
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Optical Magnetometry Based on Nanodiamonds with Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers
PublicationNitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond are a very promising medium for many sensing applications such as magnetometry and thermometry. In this work, we study nanodiamonds deposited from a suspension onto glass substrates. Fluorescence and optically detected magnetic resonance spectra recorded with the dried-out nanodiamond ensembles are presented and a suitable scheme for tracking the magnetic-field value using a continuous...
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A method of determination of electrical conduction mechanisms in complex amorphous materials
PublicationA novel approach to determine conduction mechanisms in complex amorphous materials was presented and tested on a real system. In the first step of the presented method, total electrical admittance of the material is analyzed in order to separate a couple of processes, each of which can be described by Jonscher's universal dielectric response. In the following step, a temperature dependence of dielectric response parameters of the...
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Average Redundancy of the Shannon Code for Markov Sources
PublicationIt is known that for memoryless sources, the average and maximal redundancy of fixed–to–variable length codes, such as the Shannon and Huffman codes, exhibit two modes of behavior for long blocks. It either converges to a limit or it has an oscillatory pattern, depending on the irrationality or rationality, respectively, of certain parameters that depend on the source. In this paper, we extend these findings, concerning the Shannon...
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UPDRS tests for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease employing virtual-touchpad
PublicationThis paper presents a new approach to diagnosing Parkinson's disease. The progression of the disease can be measured by the UPDRS (Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale) scale which is used to evaluate motor and behavioral symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Hitherto the evaluation of the advancement of the disease in the UPDRS scale was made by a specialist through medical observation. The authors suggest a partial automation of...
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Global Complex Roots and Poles Finding Algorithm in C × R Domain
PublicationAn algorithm to find the roots and poles of a complex function depending on two arguments (one complex and one real) is proposed. Such problems are common in many fields of science for instance in electromagnetism, acoustics, stability analyses, spectroscopy, optics, and elementary particle physics. The proposed technique belongs to the class of global algorithms, gives a full picture of solutions in a fixed region ⊂ C × R and...
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Thermal boundary conditions to simulate friction layers and coatings at sliding contacts
PublicationA brief review of the thermal boundary conditions specified at sliding interfaces was performed. New thermal boundary conditions were derived aimed at solving problems of sliding with account of surface layers representing friction layers and tribological coatings. Based on the assumption of linear temperature distributions in the surface layers, the proposed conditions enable one to simplify simulations by eliminating the surface...
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A Survey of Vehicular Network Systems for Road Traffic Management
PublicationIn this survey, we analyze the proposals of vehicular communication systems in the context of road traffic management. Starting with the definition of communications between vehicles (V2V), vehicles-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicles-to-everything (V2X), we first focus on the requirements and current standards for the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), including the maximum communication delay, the communication range and the...
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Electron-Induced Decomposition of Uracil-5-yl O-(N,N-dimethylsulfamate): Role of Methylation in Molecular Stability
PublicationThe incorporation of modified uracil derivatives into DNA leads to the formation of radical species that induce DNA damage. Molecules of this class have been suggested as radiosensitizers and are still under investigation. In this study, we present the results of dissociative electron attachment to uracil-5-yl O-(N,N-dimethylsulfamate) in the gas phase. We observed the formation of 10 fragment anions in the studied range of electron...
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Challenges and Possibilities of Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Membranes
PublicationDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are a category of a new class of solvents that can overcome some of the main drawbacks of typical solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). DES have been widely investigated and applied by the research community in several applications since their invention. Over the past years, the use of DES has been directed to the production of new materials and items for new products and processes. This is the case for...
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Application of electronic nose based on fast GC for comparison of aroma profiles of homemade cherry "Nalewka" made with addition of different amount of sugar
PublicationNalewka is a traditional Polish homemade spirit beverage and there are many different recepies for the production of nalewkas. However, it is not knownwhat amount of sugar can have influence of their aroma profiles. There is little information on the comparison of aroma profiles of Polish cherry nalewkas made with addition of different amount of sugar. For this purpose electronic nose based on fast GC has been used. Electronic...
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Differentiation Between Spirits According to Their Botanical Origin
PublicationAgricultural distillates are used for the production of spirit beverages. As more and more products with a specific botanical composition specified on the label are produced (e.g. rye vodkas, wheat vodkas and Polish Vodka, which cannot be produced with the addition of maize distillate), it is necessary to look for quicker and more accurate methods allowing the determination of botanical origin of alcoholic beverages and materials...
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ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC ZONES IN POLAND WITH REGARD TO ASPHALT PERFORMANCE GRADING
PublicationTowards the end of the last century a new system of bitumen grading was developed and implemented as part of the American Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP). Its aim was to better adjust the testing methods and requirements for road bitumens to the actual conditions in which those bitumens serve in road pavements. Currently in Poland, similarly as in the other EU countries, road bitumens are tested and classified with regard...
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Assessment of Trace Metals Leaching During Rainfall Events from Building Rooftops with Different Types of Coverage – Case Study
PublicationRunoff water is an important medium transporting various types of pollution originating from the atmosphere and washed out from roofing materials. The study presents a quality assessment of runoff from different roofs in the context of trace metal concentrations. The analysed rooftops were covered with copper, tar paper and ceramic tile. The quality of the rain water collected at the same time satisfies the demands of the first...
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Randomly Functionalized Polyethylenes: In Quest of Avoiding Catalyst Deactivation
PublicationWell-defined randomly functionalized polyolefins produced by catalysis form an interesting class of polymers with great potential for various applications. One of the major challenges for the production of these materials forms the incompatibility of the commonly used electrophilic group 4 metal based catalysts and the desired nucleophilic, especially protic functionalities like hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. Although pacification...
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Improving css-KNN Classification Performance by Shifts in Training Data
PublicationThis paper presents a new approach to improve the performance of a css-k-NN classifier for categorization of text documents. The css-k-NN classifier (i.e., a threshold-based variation of a standard k-NN classifier we proposed in [1]) is a lazy-learning instance-based classifier. It does not have parameters associated with features and/or classes of objects, that would be optimized during off-line learning. In this paper we propose...
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Inverse modeling for fast design optimization of small-size rat-race couplers incorporating compact cells
PublicationIn the paper, a framework for computationally-efficient design optimization of compact rat-race couplers (RRCs) is discussed. A class of hybrid RRCs with variable operating conditions is investigated, whose size reduction is obtained by replacing ordinary transmission lines with compact microstrip resonant cells (CMRCs). Our approach employs a bottom-up design strategy leading to the development of compact RRCs through rapid design...
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Poloxamer: A versatile tri-block copolymer for biomedical applications
PublicationPoloxamers, also called Pluronic, belong to a unique class of synthetic tri-block copolymers containing central hydrophobic chains of poly(propylene oxide) sandwiched between two hydrophilic chains of poly(ethylene oxide). Some chemical characteristics of poloxamers such as temperature-dependent self-assembly and thermo-reversible behavior along with biocompatibility and physiochemical properties make poloxamer-based biomaterials...
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Studying road restraint systems to develop new guidelines
PublicationThe paper will present a proposed approach to such work along with preliminary results of numerical studies for selected problems using road safety devices such as safety barriers on horizontal curves, the effect of kerbs on bridges or the location of obstacles within the barrier’s working width. The paper will discuss assumptions to a methodology of numerical models, calculations and automated processing of data to help with assessing...
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RF Input-Quasi-Reflectionless Dispersive-Delay Structures Based on Complementary-Diplexer Circuits
PublicationA class of RF dispersive-delay structures (DDSs) with input-quasi-reflectionless behavior is reported. It is based on the exploitation of complementary-diplexer circuit networks, in which the out-of-band RF-input-power echoes reflected by the main bandpass-filter-(BPF)-type channel are dissipated by the resistively-terminated auxiliary bandstop-filter-(BSF)-type channel. Specifically, it is shown that the influence of the absorptive...
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Application of electronic nose based on fast GC for comparison of aroma profiles of homemade cherry "Nalewka" made with addition of different amount of sugar
PublicationNalewka is a traditional Polish homemade spirit beverage and there are many different recepies for the production of nalewkas. However, it is not knownwhat amount of sugar can have influence of their aroma profiles. There is little information on the comparison of aroma profiles of Polish cherry nalewkas made with addition of different amount of sugar. For this purpose electronic nose based on fast GC has been used. Electronic...
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Jakość usług w optycznej sieci wielodomenowej z hierarchiczną strukturą płaszczyzn sterowania
PublicationW rozprawie przedstawiono przegląd architektur sieci z gwarancją jakości klas usług oraz stan prac w zakresie realizacji optycznych sieci ASON, GMPLS oraz ASON/GMPLS. Opisano wymagania i zaawansowanie prac w realizacji sieci ASON/GMPLS z hierarchiczną strukturą płaszczyzn sterowania oraz problemy związane z zagadnieniem jakości klas usług w tej sieci. Zaprezentowano założenia, koncepcję oraz realizację modelu symulacyjnego optycznej...
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Revision of Biological Methods for Determination of EDC Presence and Their Endocrine Potential
PublicationEndocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) are chemicals responsible for disturbances in the hormonal balance of organisms. This group of chemicals includes both egzogenic and endogenic substances or their mixtures that impact functioning of natural hormones in organisms. In the available literature one can find information on the application of chromatographic and related techniques in the analysis of environmental samples for detection,...
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Effect of band gap on power conversion efficiency of single-junction semiconductor photovoltaic cells under white light phosphor-based LED illumination
PublicationOn the basis of the detailed balance principle, curves of efficiency limit of single-junction photovoltaic cells at warm and cool white light phosphor-based LED bulbs with luminous efficacy exceeding 100 lm/W have been simulated. The effect of energy band gap and illuminance on the efficiencies at warm and cool light is discussed. The simulations carried out show that maximum power conversion efficiency at 1000 lx reaches 52.0%...
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Poland's economic relations with Kazakhstan
PublicationBefore 2019, economic relations between Poland and Kazakhstan were regulated by 22 international agreements. Poland has been trading with Kazakhstan since the 1990s. Overall, Kazakhstan had a positive trade balance with Poland, with the exception of the 1996–1998 and 2006–2007 periods. Polish foreign investment in Kazakhstan was not very impressive; the first investments started only in 2005. In 2019, about 200 companies with Polish...