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Separation of toluene from gas phase using supported imidazolium ionic liquid membrane
PublicationInvestigation on utilization of supported ionic liquids membranes for hydrocarbon separation from the gas phase was performed. Properties of membrane phase, wettability of supports, swelling effects and solubility of toluene were taken into account. Toluene permeation rates were significantly higher than those of pure nitrogen, the selectivity in a range of 17–341 was satisfying for separation. Despite the increase of viscosity...
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Miasto i wiatr
PublicationWiatr jest poziomym lub prawie poziomym ruchem powietrza względem powierzchni ziemi wywołanym różnicą ciśnień. Na terenie otwartym, niezabudowanym jego działanie jest modyfikowane przez ukształtowanie terenu i zróżnicowanie materiałowe podłoża, które nagrzewa się w odmienny sposób. Na obszarach silnie zurbanizowanych zjawiska aerodynamiczne na poziomie wysokości zabudowy są bardzo złożone. Powietrze nie trafia bowiem na płaskie...
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Effect of Temperature and Nanoparticle Concentration on Free Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids
PublicationA theoretical analysis of the influence of temperature and nanoparticle concentration on free convection heat transfer from a horizontal tube immersed in an unbounded nanofluid was presented. The Nusselt (Nu) number and heat transfer coefficient were parameters of the intensity of the convective heat transfer. For free convection, the Nu number was a function of the Rayleigh (Ra) number and Prandtl (Pr) number. The Rayleigh (Ra)...
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Kinetic analysis of the reduction of a ternary system of Bi, Sb and Te oxides by hydrogen for BiSbTe3 synthesis
PublicationReduction in a hydrogen atmosphere of Bi2O3, Sb2O3 and TeO2 mixes oxides for the synthesis of BiSbTe3 was analysed. The reduction reactions of Sb2O3 and Sb2O4 oxides, as well as Bi2O3+Sb2O3 and Sb2O3+3TeO2 mix- tures, were also evaluated. The reduction of Sb2O4 is investigated for the first time. The reactions of the mixed oxides systems also were not the subject of research so far despite being used for synthesis of the (Bi,Sb)2Te3...
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Ferrofluids based analytical extractions and evaluation of their greenness
PublicationFerrofluids are stable dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles in a carrier liquid. They have attracted considerable attention in analytical extractions as they combine fluid-like properties with magnetic character, providing magnetic control over the extraction process. The synthesis of ferrofluids is very straightforward, and it generally involves the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles, their coating, and then mixing in a suitable...
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THE IDENTIFICATION OF TOXIC COMPOUND EMISSION SENSITIVITY AS A DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETER DURING DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE MARINE ENGINE
PublicationChanging some parameters of the engine structure alters the emission of harmful components in the exhaust gas. This applies in particular to the damage of charge exchange system as well as fuel system and engine supercharger. These changes are much greater during the dynamic states and their accompanying transitional processes. The different sensitivity of diagnostic parameters to the same force, coming from the engine structure,...
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Rapid design of miniaturised branch-line couplers through concurrent cell optimisation and surrogate-assisted fine-tuning
PublicationIn this study, the authors introduce a methodology for low-cost simulation-driven design optimisation of highly miniaturised branch-line couplers (BLCs). The first stage of their design approach exploits fast concurrent optimisation of geometrically dependent, but electromagnetically isolated cells that constitute a BLC. The cross-coupling effects between the cells are taken into account in the second stage, where a surrogate-assisted...
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Variable Speed AC Drives with Inverter Output Filters
PublicationThe advance of variable speed drives systems (VSDs) engineering highlights the need of specific technical guidance provision by electrical machines and drives manufacturers, so that such applications can be properly designed to present advantages in terms of both energy efficiency and expenditure. This book presents problems and solutions related to inverter-fed electrical motors. Practically orientated, the book describes the...
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Appendix E
PublicationThe advance of variable speed drives systems (VSDs) engineering highlights the need of specific technical guidance provision by electrical machines and drives manufacturers, so that such applications can be properly designed to present advantages in terms of both energy efficiency and expenditure. This book presents problems and solutions related to inverter-fed electrical motors. Practically orientated, the book describes the...
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Biosilica from sea water diatoms algae—electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study
PublicationHere, we report on an electrochemical impedance study of silica of organic origin as an active electrode material. The electrode material obtained from carbonized marine biomass containing nanoporous diatoms has been characterised by means of XRD, IR, SEM and EIS. Dif- ferent kinds of crystallographic phases of silica as a result of thermal treatment have been found. The electrode is electrochemically stable during subsequent cyclic...
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Stability and load bearing capacity of a braced truss under upward wind loading
PublicationThe paper is focused on the numerical and experimental investigation of stability of a steel truss under upward wind loading. The structure was stiffened by elastic braces situated at the top and bottom chord. Usually the lateral (translational) brace stiffness is considered. However, the rotational stiffness of braces caused by interaction between torsional stiffness of the truss top chord and bending stiffness of the roof elements...
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Stability and load bearing capacity of a braced truss under upward wind loading
PublicationThe paper is focused on the numerical and experimental investigation of stability of a steel truss under upward wind loading. The structure was stiffened by elastic braces situated at the top and bottom chord. Usually the lateral (translational) brace stiffness is considered. However, the rotational stiffness of braces caused by interaction between torsional stiffness of the truss top chord and bending stiffness of the roof elements...
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The safety issue of roadside advertising – comparison of polish and abu dhabi regulations
PublicationIn Poland a large number of advertisements are located by the roadside. These ads do not support road traffic management and unlike the road marking system are not subject to any regulations. The advertiser’s goal is to communicate a message to as many recipients as possible. Drivers with different individual abilities, such as attention focusing, eye accommodation, speed of information processing, can be distracted, blinded or...
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Simulating Malware with MAlSim
PublicationThis paper describes MAlSim - Mobile Agent Malware Simulator - a mobile agent framework developed to address one of the most important problems related to the simulation of attacks against information systems i.e. the lack of adequate tools for reproducing behaviour of malicious software (malware). The framework can be deployed over the network of an arbitrary information system and it aims at simulating behaviour of each instance...
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Simulating malware with MAlSim
PublicationThis paper describes MAlSim - Mobile Agent Malware Simulator - a mobile agent framework developed to address one of the most important problems related to the simulation of attacks against information systems, i.e. the lack of adequate tools for reproducing behaviour of malicious software (malware). The framework can be deployed over the network of an arbitrary information system and it aims at simulating behaviour of each instance...
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Conception for diagnosing SI engines fed with biofuel in operation conditions
PublicationThe article deals with the question of diagnosing the high power self ignition (SI) engines fed with pro-ecologic fuels in an aspect of appearing operation problems. There has been presented the specific of action and techno-operation profile of the combustion engine foreseen as an investigations object. The preliminary conception of diagnostic investigations of the engine 7L35MC type produced in H. Cegielski - Poznan S.A. factory...
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Evaluation of reformer tubes degradation after long term operation
PublicationPurpose of this paper is to show the effect of long-term service at elevated temperatures on microstructural changes of cast steel reformer tubes made of the alloy IN-519 (24%Cr, 24%Ni, Nb). The relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure degradation is discussed. Investigations were performed on five tubes taken from ammonia reformer furnace. Tubes worked at temperature of 880C and 3,2 MPa pressure. The operation...
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Mathemathical model of radial passive magnetic bearing
PublicationIn the article mathematical radial model of passive magnetic bearings to ocean engineering units has been presented. The units application in underwater thrusters should increase propulsion systems durability and gives lower maintenance costs. The rotor of electric motor is hanging in magnetic field taken from radial passive magnetic bearings. However axial direction maintenance must be controlled with electromagnets and their...
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THE MODELLING OF ACCUMULATION AND DISSIPATION OF ENERGY IN MECHANICAL DRIVE SYSTEM
PublicationThis paper presents a modelling of accumulation and dissipation energy in simple drive system. The simple drive system is presented by laboratory stand designed for calculate fatigue life of material for bending and rotation tests pieces. The laboratory stand was prepared to diagnosis of fatigue life of material by use energetic methods. This idea was submitted as utility model to Polish Patent Office. This laboratory stand gives...
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Multimode systems of nonlinear equations: derivation, integrability, and numerical solutions
PublicationWe consider the propagation of electromagnetic pulses in isotropic media taking a third-order nonlinearityinto account. We develop a method for transforming Maxwell's equations based on a complete set ofprojection operators corresponding to wave-dispersion branches (in a waveguide or in matter) with thepropagation direction taken into account. The most important result of applying the method is a systemof equations describing the...
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Building the Learning Environment for Sustainable Development: a Co-creation approach
PublicationEducation for sustainable development supports the improvement of knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviors related to global challenges such as climate change, global warming and environmental degradation, among others. It is increasingly taking place through projects based on information and communication technologies. The effectiveness of the actions taken depends not only on the quality of the project activities or the...
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Application of composite indicators and nonparametric methods to evaluate and improve the efficiency of the technical universities
PublicationPublicly funded universities, like commercial organizations are obliged to ensure their efficiency. This article presents a model to measure and assess the relative efficiency of technical universities. The analysis was performed using publically available data from 2011 for 18 universities using the Composite Indicators method and the SBM Data Envelopment Analysis model. Fourteen indicators for efficiency were defined in the five...
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Specific Binding of Cholesterol to the Amyloid Precursor Protein: Structure of the Complex and Driving Forces Characterized in Molecular Detail
PublicationC99 is the C-terminal membrane-bound fragment of the amyloid precursor protein that is cleaved by γ-secretase to release Aβ peptides, the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Specific interactions of C99 with cholesterol have been proposed to underlie the recognized role of cholesterol in promoting amyloidogenesis. By using molecular dynamics simulations, we studied cholesterol binding to C99 in a lipid bilayer. We determined...
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Study of Cloud Water Samples Collected over Northern Poland
PublicationThe paper gives the results of the first studies on the chemistry of cloud water collected during 3 mo (Aug.–Oct. 2010) in the free atmosphere over the area to the south of the Tri-City (Gdansk-Sopot-Gdynia) conurbation on the Gulf of Gdansk, Poland. Taken from cumulus, stratus, and stratocumulus clouds by means of an aircraft-mounted collector, the water samples were analyzed for the following contaminants: anions (chlorides,...
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Resonant and nonresonant excitation of waves in a planar magnetosonic flow
PublicationForced propagation of perturbations in a magnetosonic wave are considered. The driving force may be caused by stimulated Mandelstam–Brillouin scattering of optic waves or by intense magnetosonic exciter. Some heating-cooling function which takes into account radiative cooling and unspecified heating is taken into consideration, as well as nonlinearity of a medium. Both these factors make the excitation particular. The analytical...
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Architektoniczne przestrzenie wspólne dizajnu i sztuki
PublicationW aspekcie współczesnego wszechobecnego konsumpcjonizmu i ograniczonych możliwości dotarcia do odbiorcy, role obiektów należących do sztuk czystych przejmują obiekty będące wytworami projektantów w zakresie sztuk użytkowych, w tym architektów. Jednocześnie sztuka poszukuje nowych form i środków wyrazu, żeby wzbudzić zainteresowanie. Rozpatrywanym obiektem jest Dom. Oczywistą jego odsłoną jest spełnienie oczekiwanej funkcji wynikającej...
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Eksperymentalne i numeryczne badania parametrów dynamicznych trybuny stalowej
PublicationTrybuny stalowe to konstrukcje, które odnajdują swoje zastosowanie głównie podczas wydarzeń sportowych, koncertów muzycznych oraz innych wydarzeń, którym towarzyszą rytmiczne aktywności widzów i głośna muzyka. Ze względu na smukłość oraz lekkość elementów z jakich wykonana jest konstrukcja trybuny jest ona bardzo łatwo wzbudzana przez ludzi do drgań. Z przeprowadzonej w pracy [4] analizy modalnej wynika, że masa ludzi prowadzi...
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PRACA JAKO DOBRO INDYWIDUALNE I SPOŁECZNE
PublicationPracę definiuje się w różny sposób w zależności od przyjętego kryterium i dyscypliny naukowej, której jest ona przedmiotem badań. Może być traktowana jako źródło dochodów umożliwiających zaspokojenie potrzeb człowieka lub jako podstawowy czynnik produkcji wpływający na efektywność funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstwa. Z punktu widzenia gospodarki praca stanowi jeden z głównych czynników wzrostu i rozwoju gospodarczego. Praca pełni...
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Investigation of tetrabutylammonium bromide-glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents and their mixtures with water by spectroscopic techniques
PublicationDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are formed by an acceptor and a donor of hydrogen bonds. They are generally considered as a possible alternative to hazardous organic solvents in various fields. Very recently they have also appeared in analytical chemistry, used mainly for the separation of analytes before instrumental quantification. For the development of new extraction procedures, it is important, among other things, to understand...
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ASPEKTY BEZPIECZEŃSTWA W OCENIE WYNIKÓW POMIARÓW UZIEMIEŃ ODGROMOWYCH
PublicationOcena rozległego systemu za pomocą metod wykorzystujących przebiegi wolnozmienne prowadzi do zbyt optymistycznych wniosków odnośnie ich właściwości podczas odprowadzania prądów wyładowań atmosferycznych. Bardziej bezpieczne wnioski powstają w wyniku pomiarów z zastosowaniem metody wykorzystującej przebiegi impulsowe, ponieważ wtedy jest uwzględniana tylko ta część nawet bardzo rozległego systemu uziemień, która bierze udział w...
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Wybrane aspekty modelowania uderzenia pojazdem dźwigara wiaduktu
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono różne zagadnienia związane z uderzeniem pojazdu w dźwigar wiaduktu. Omówiono wybór modelu obliczeniowego, na podstawie porównania wyników dla modelu dźwigara zespolonego, modelu dźwigara stalowego oraz modelu wiaduktu. Następnie opisano model dźwigara zespolonego zastosowany w analizie MES oraz metodę wyznaczania współczynników tłumienia Rayleigha. Symulację numeryczną uderzenia dźwigara wiaduktu przez koparkę...
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OCENA WŁAŚCIWOŚCI ROZLEGŁYCH SYSTEMÓW UZIEMIEŃ PRACUJĄCYCH W UKŁADACH OCHRONY ODGROMOWEJ
PublicationW wyniku połączenia wszystkich elementów uziemionych w obiekcie budowlanym do szyny ekwipotencjalnej powstaje często bardzo rozległy system uziemień. Ocena tak rozległego systemu za pomocą metod wykorzystujących przebiegi wolnozmienne prowadzi do zbyt optymistycznych wniosków odnośnie do ich właściwości podczas odprowadzania prądów wyładowań atmosferycznych. Pomiary z zastosowaniem metody wykorzystującej przebiegi impulsowe pomiaru...
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Ocena systemów uziemień z wykorzystaniem pomiarów metodą udarową
PublicationW artykule zostały omówione procedury i wymagania stawiane systemom uziemień przez przepisy normalizacyjne z punktu widzenia ich skuteczności w systemie ochrony odgromowej. Podstawą tak sformułowanej oceny są pomiary z zastosowaniem metody udarowej. Metoda taka okazuje się bardzo przydatna zwłaszcza w przypadku uziemień rozległych, jakie pojawiają się we współczesnych obiektach wskutek połączenia różnych elementów uziemiających...
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Examination of advanced isotropic constitutive laws under complex stress states in plain and reinforced concrete specimens
PublicationThe performance of advanced isotropic constitutive laws under complex stress states in plain and reinforced concrete specimens is investigated. Three different formulations are chosen: original Mazars model, Mazars mi model and model proposed by Pereira and coworkers. The degradation of the material in all formulations is described via a single variable, but a strain/stress state is taken into account via quite sophisticated relationships....
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NLITED - New Level of Integrated Techniques for Daylighting Education: Preliminary Data on the Use of an E-learning Platform
PublicationProject NLITED – New Level of Integrated Techniques for Daylighting Education - is an educational project for students and professionals. The project's objective is to create and develop an online eLearning platform with 32 eModules dedicated to daylight knowledge. The project also offers e-learners two summer school training where the theory is put into practice. The platform was launched on January 31, 2022. The paper...
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Potential energy curves, transition and permanent dipole moments of KRb
PublicationWe present extensive calculations of 48 adiabatic potential energy curves of the KRb molecule. Efforts have been focused on preparing the appropriate basis sets. Compared to previous approaches, the set of new potential energy curves is extended to higher excitations, including the single-excited K(4s2S)+Rb(5d2D) and double-excited K(4p2P)+Rb(5p2P) atomic limits. Larger distances between nuclei are also taken into account. New...
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Verification of punching shear outside the shear cap by the direct method
PublicationThe proposition of a method to verify the punching resistance for very large supports based on the EN 1992-1-1 standard is described in this paper. The present standard guidelines for the calculation of the punching resistance for large supports are also summarised. The proposed direct method is compared with other standard methods using an example taken from design practice. This method consists of a direct check of the shear...
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Duhem and Natanson: Two Mathematical Approaches to Thermodynamics
PublicationIn this article, the previously unrecognized contributions of Pierre Duhem and Ladislavus Natanson in thermodynamics are shown. The mathematical remodelling of a few of their principal ideas is taken into consideration, despite being neglected in the literature. To emphasize these ideas in an appropriate epistemological order, it would be crucial to first revalue and reconstruct some underrepresented parts of the proceedings process...
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Wind Conditions at Pedestrian Level in Different Types of Residential Urban Development for a High Degree of Land Use Efficiency
PublicationThe paper concerns wind conditions around urban building development at the pedestrian level. The article aims to identify aerodynamic phenomena around three types of multi-family housing developmentswith different forms and the same urban parameters of building development intensity (high intensity was taken into account). The aim of the research was mainly to achieve qualitative results that would lead to understanding fundamental...
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Designing Control and Protection Systems with Regard to Integrated Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Aspects
PublicationThis article addresses current problems of risk analysis and probabilistic modelling for functional safety management in the life cycle of safety-related systems. Two main stages in the lifecycle of these systems are distinguished, namely the design and operation. The risk analysis and probabilistic modelling differ in these stages in view of available knowledge and data. Due to the complexity and uncertainty involved, both qualitative...
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Silica In Silico: A Molecular Dynamics Characterization of the Early Stages of Protein Embedding for Atom Probe Tomography
PublicationA novel procedure for the application of atom probe tomography (APT) to the structural analysis of biological systems, has been recently proposed, whereby the specimen is embedded by a silica matrix and ablated by a pulsed laser source. Such a technique, requires that the silica primer be properly inert and bio-compatible, keeping the native structural features of the system at hand, while condensing into an amorphous, glass-like...
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Application of Stirling Engine Type Alpha Powered by the Recovery Energy on Vessels
PublicationThe Stirling engine is a device, in which thermal energy is transformed into mechanical without a contact between the heat carrier, and the working gas closed in the engine. Mentioned feature makes this type of engine very attractive for the use of the recovery energy, taken from other heat devices. One of the potential applications of Stirling engines is the use of thermal energy generated in the ship's engine room for producing...
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Application of Diffusion Models in the Analysis of Financial Markets: Evidence on Exchange Traded Funds in Europe
PublicationExchange traded funds (ETFs) are financial innovations that may be considered as a part of the index financial instruments category, together with stock index derivatives. The aim of this paper is to explore the trajectories and formulates predictions regarding the spread of ETFs on the financial markets in six European countries. It demonstrates ETFs’ development trajectories with regard to stock index futures and options that...
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NON-LINE ANALYSIS OF STIFFNESS IN COMPRESSION CONDITIONS
PublicationThe analyzes were aimed at demonstrating the influence of parameters describing the deformation of the structure on the uncertainty of critical force, and the impact of technological imperfections on stress uncertainty in compression conditions. In a linear buckling analysis, the problem is considered only for the initial, permanent state of the stiffness matrix. In the case of demonstrating the influence of initial deformations...
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A HISTORICAL BUILDING'S RESTORATION IN THE CONSTRUCTIONAL ASPECT ON THE EXAMPLE OF A BUILDING LOCATED IN POLAND
PublicationObjects of cultural heritage are an extremely important element in the proper functioning of the social life. They provide information on our ancestors' actions, as well as shape our culture and social awareness. It is important for the historical objects to provide those information accurately, that is without any unnecessary human intervention over the years of the monument's existence. However, it is not always possible due...
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The selected roof covering technologies in the aspect of their life cycle costs
PublicationIn the article is presented an analysis of the life cycle costs calculation for selected roof coverings. The scope of research includes costs of construction, maintenance and demolition of the roof covering structure for two alternative technologies – the traditional and new generation. On the presented example of an industrial building with a roof area of 1000 m², the above costs are taken to consideration for the roof covering...
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Comparative Evaluation of Selected Biological Methods for the Removal of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Odorous VOCs from Air
PublicationDue to increasingly stringent legal regulations as well as increasing social awareness, the removal of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air is gaining importance. This paper presents the strategy to compare selected biological methods intended for the removal of different air pollutants, especially of odorous character. Biofiltration, biotrickling filtration and bioscrubbing technologies are evaluated in terms of...
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Qualification of brazing procedure for furnace brazing of austenitic steel according to requirements of the ASME BPVC section IX
PublicationThe article presents the procedure for qualifying brazing technology in a vacuum furnace on the example of stainless steel elements joined with copper filler material from the F-No group. 105, in accordance with the ASME Sec. IX, part QB (ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Qualification Standard for Welding, Brazing and Fusing; Procedures; Welders; Brazers; and Welding, Brazing and Fusing Operators). The essential variables...
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Methodology of research on the impact of ramp metering on the safety and efficiency of road traffic using transport models
PublicationThe methods currently used to assess the impact of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) services on traffic safety and efficiency are mainly based on expert assessments, statistical studies or traffic models that need further development. There is no structured, uniform evaluation method to compare the impact of different ITS services and their different configurations. The impact of ITS deployment on the road network adjacent to...
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1D convolutional context-aware architectures for acoustic sensing and recognition of passing vehicle type
PublicationA network architecture that may be employed to sensing and recognition of a type of vehicle on the basis of audio recordings made in the proximity of a road is proposed in the paper. The analyzed road traffic consists of both passenger cars and heavier vehicles. Excerpts from recordings that do not contain vehicles passing sounds are also taken into account and marked as ones containing silence....