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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: ab initio methods
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Energy Consumption Analysis Methods in Industry
PublikacjaThis paper overviews applied methods to evaluate energy consumption in Industry. The most important law regulations are presented, which decide on the necessity to conduct an effec - tive energetic economy. Basic assumptions are defined to calculate direct and cumulative energy consumption. The pros and cons of using each method are presented.
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Faults and Fault Detection Methods in Electric Drives
PublikacjaThe chapter presents a review of faults and fault detection methods in electric drives. Typical faults are presented that arises for the induction motor, which is valued in the industry for its robust construction and cost-effective production. Moreover, a summary is presented of detectable faults in conjunction with the required physical information that allow a detection of specific faults. In order to address faults of a complete...
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Novel and Efficient Methods for the Synthesis of Symmetrical Trisulfides
PublikacjaWe have developed a convenient methods for the synthesis of symmetrical trisulfides under mild conditions in very good yields. The described methods are based on the straightforward preparation of 5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane-2-disulfanyl derivatives from readily available 5,5-dimethyl-2-sulfanyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane or bis(5,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl) disulfide. The symmetrical...
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Recent developments in the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical products by microextraction methods
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Data Mining Applications and Methods in Medicine
PublikacjaIn this paper we describe the research area of data mining and its applications in medicine. The origins of data mining and its crucial features are shortly presented. We discuss the specificity of medicine as an application area for computer systems. Characteristic features of the medical data are investigated. Common problems in the area are also presented as well as the strengths and capabilities of the data mining methods....
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Investigation of educational processes with affective computing methods
PublikacjaThis paper concerns the monitoring of educational processes with the use of new technologies for the recognition of human emotions. This paper summarizes results from three experiments, aimed at the validation of applying emotion recognition to e-learning. An analysis of the experiments’ executions provides an evaluation of the emotion elicitation methods used to monitor learners. The comparison of affect recognition algorithms...
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SACAM A Model for Describing and Classifying Sentiment Analysis Methods
PublikacjaIn this paper we introduce SACAM — a model for describing and classifying sentiment analysis (SA) methods. The model focuses on the knowledge used during processing textual opinions. SACAM was designed to create informative descriptions of SA methods (or classes of SA methods) and is strongly integrated with its accompanying graphical notation suited for presenting the descriptions in diagrammatical form. The paper discusses applications...
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Fabrication methods of smart composite coatings - review
PublikacjaPostoperative bacterial infections are one of the main reasons for unsuccessful implantation of long-term implants. The development of bacterial infection requires antibiotic therapy, in extreme cases a reimplantation procedure is necessary. In order to provide materials for implants with antibacterial properties, they are subjected to modifications to create a coating that will release the drug substance, when the inflammation...
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Methods of trend removal in electrochemical noise data – overview
PublikacjaIn this paper we shall review popular methods of trend removal from electrochemical noise time records. The basic principles of operation of the six most popular methods are explained. The proposed methods are: high - pass filtering, Moving Average Removal, polynomial detrending, wavelet detrending, Empirical Mode Decomposition and Variational Mode Decomposition. Estimation of trend removal quality...
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Magnetic and infrared thermography methods in detection of antipersonnel landmines
PublikacjaIn this paper the two alternative methods of antipersonnel landmine detection are shown: the magnetic method and the active infrared thermography. The experimental results of the detection of selected, plastic mines using both methods are also presented.
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Application of Multivariate Analysis Methods in Welding Engineering
PublikacjaPhenomena and processes taking place during welding are usually very complex and, for this reason, should be described using multivariate methods. The article discusses the methodological basis and selected application areas as regards the solving of welding problems using statistical multivariate methods. In addition, the article presents exemplary applications of the design of experiment, multiple regression analysis, cluster...
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Developing competences for cooperation in international teams - tools and methods
PublikacjaThe article presents the training methods that can be used to develop intercultural competences which are extremely important while working in intercultural teams. The mentioned methods like: case-studies, collaborating, role-play simulations, team working, video presentations and others are presented on the basis of authors’ experiences while teaching the international groups of students at Faculty of Management and Economics...
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Corrosion Monitoring in Petroleum Installations—Practical Analysis of the Methods
PublikacjaThis paper presents the most typical corrosion mechanisms occurring in the petroleum industry. The methods of corrosion monitoring are described for particular corrosion mechanisms. The field and scope of the application of given corrosion-monitoring methods are provided in detail. The main advantages and disadvantages of particular methods are highlighted. Measurement difficulties and obstacles are identified and widely discussed...
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Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin C by Voltammetric Methods
PublikacjaVoltammetric methods—cyclic (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) are considered the most appropriate way to evaluate antioxidant activity of redox active compounds. They provide information about both mechanism and kinetics of electrochemical oxidation of antioxidants as well as their physical and chemical properties such as the redox potential or the number of electrons transferred. These methods are helpful for understanding...
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CONCRETE MIX DESIGN USING ABRAMS AND BOLOMEY METHODS
PublikacjaOne way to reduce the consumption of cement is to optimize its use. Many known methods of concrete design, based on the Abrams law and the Bolomey method. Therefore, the authors chose those methods for analysis. The concrete composition with the assumed strength class, calculated by any method differs significantly. This applies especially to the cement content, as its content in the composition of concrete varies from 20 to 50%....
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Selected Methods for the Chemical Phosphorylation and Thiophosphorylation of Phenols
PublikacjaThis Focus Review gathers together a selection of methods for the chemical phosphorylation of phenols that employ three‐ and four‐coordinate phosphorus compounds. Phosphorylated scaffolds can exhibit enhanced properties compared to their non‐phosphorylated analogues, such as increased biological activity and increased/decreased solubility; as such, phosphorus compounds have gained more and more interest in organic and medicinal...
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Methods of Tire Rolling Resistance Measurements
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the factors related to tire/road interaction that has important influence on road vehicles performance. Raising fuel price and increased concern related to the environmental changes result in growing interest in reduction of tire rolling resistance that influences fuel consumption, especially in free-flowing highway traffic with moderate speeds. There are several methods of tire rolling resistance measurements....
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Analysis of Historic Brick Walls' Strengthening Methods
PublikacjaAnalysis of the behavior of historical brick walls is difficult and complicated. However, computer calculations are being increasingly used in the evaluation of cultural heritage buildings and some of their elements. The aim of this paper is to analyze the historic brick walls reinforcement. Different methods of strengthening are compared and discussed. Numerical analysis, based on finite element method, was conducted on the assumption...
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Agile Methods In Formation of Metropolis Neighbourhood
PublikacjaA study of the zone adjoining the metropolis area of Tricity (Poland) was conducted on the basis of analyses of changes in spatial development, outline planning decisions and local plans of spatial development. Localities placed at several dozen kilometres from strongly urbanized areas do not constitute metropolis outskirts. The vicinity of large urban centres is an obstacle to the development of localities as self-sufficient units...
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Diver Observations by Means of Acoustic Methods
PublikacjaSearching for objects, especially small ones, moving under water near its the free surface, is always not an easy task. Designing tools for the detection of such targets is a real challenge when the possibility of a terrorist attack is a real threat. This paper presents some aspects of diver detection by means of acoustics methods, both active (side scan sonar) and passive ones (linear receiving antenna). This approach is quite...
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Direct chromatographic methods in the context of green analytical chemistry
PublikacjaWe review analytical protocols based on gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC), but involving no sample preparation.Green analytical chemistry seeks to minimize negative impacts of analytical chemistry. Direct analytical methods ideally fulfillthis requirement, as they preclude sample preparation - the most polluting step of the analytical procedure.We describe examples of GC methodologies for environmental and food analysis...
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Organisational methods in teaching ergonomics
PublikacjaCivilisation generates many problems connected with job, which cannot be resolved by one field of science that deals with matters fragmentarily, only from its own point of view. Ergonomics, i.e. synthetic knowledge about job, can solve these problems by using the resources of many fields, e.g. physiology, psychology, technical science or economy. The achievements of these fields are used in ergonomics and thus problems connected...
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Review of Shoreline Extraction Methods from Aerial Laser Scanning
PublikacjaAutonomous technologies are increasingly used in various areas of science. The use of unmanned vehicles for hydrographic surveys in shallow coastal areas requires accurate estimation of shoreline position. This is a nontrivial task, which can be performed using a wide range of sensors and methods. The aim of the publication is to review shoreline extraction methods based solely on data from aerial laser scanning (ALS). This narrative...
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Analysis of Position Calculating Methods in Indoor Environment
PublikacjaIn the paper a modified gradient method has been proposed for position calculation on basis of distance measurement in indoor environment. It is shown that the well-known Chan method of position calculation is inefficient in indoor circumstances. Author presents Chan and modified gradient methods and achieved results for each one for real measurements.
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The methods of secure data transmission in the KNX system
PublikacjaThe article presents the demands concerning data security in distributed building automation systems and shows the need for providing mechanisms of secure communication in the KNX system. Three different methods developed for KNX data protection are discussed: EIBsec, KNX Data Security and the author's method. Their properties are compared and potential areas of application are presented.
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Methods of selenium supplementation. Bioavability and determination of selenium compounds
PublikacjaIn This paper the method of supplementation of selenium in the environment and analytical methods of determining selenium were described
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Machine-Learning Methods for Estimating Performance of Structural Concrete Members Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
PublikacjaIn recent years, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) in reinforced concrete (RC) members have gained significant attention due to their exceptional properties, including lightweight construction, high specific strength, and stiffness. These attributes have found application in structures, infrastructures, wind power equipment, and various advanced civil products. However, the production process and the extensive testing required for...
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OVERALL SET OF BANDSAW TEETH VERSUS METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS
PublikacjaThis article deals with the impact of the manual methods of measurement on the overall set measurement results. It describes the results of the measurement of bandsaw teeth kerf with the use of a micrometer and a digital calliper. It is commonly known that the cutting process causes the wear of cutting tools. The wear of the cutting edge depends on the cutting conditions as well as on the mechanical properties of the processed...
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The Verification of the Usefulness of Electronic Nose Based on Ultra-Fast Gas Chromatography and Four Different Chemometric Methods for Rapid Analysis of Spirit Beverages
PublikacjaSpirit beverages are a diverse group of foodstuffs. They are very often counterfeited which cause the appearance of low quality products or wrongly labelled products on the market. It is important to find a proper quality control and botanical origin method enabling the same time preliminary check of the composition of investigated samples, which was the main goal of this work. For this purpose, the usefulness of electronic nose...
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Identification of ship’s hull mathematical model with numerical methods
PublikacjaThe modern maritime industry is moving toward the development of technology that will allow for full or partial autonomy of ship operation. This innovation places high demands on ship performance prediction techniques at the design stage. The researchwork presented in the article is related to the design stage of the ship and concerns methods for prognosis and evaluation of the specific operational condition of the ship, namely...
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ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS AND COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY OF TREND REMOVAL METHODS
PublikacjaThe paper presents a method of processing measurement data due to remove slowly varying component of the trend occurring in the recorded waveforms. Comparison of computational complexity and trend removal efficiency between some commonly used methods is presented. The impact of these procedures on probability distribution and power spectral density is shown. Effectiveness and computational complexity of these methods depend essentially...
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Novel analysis methods of dynamic properties for vehicle pantographs
PublikacjaTransmission of electrical energy from a catenary system to traction units must be safe and reliable especially for high speed trains. Modern pantographs have to meet these requirements. Pantographs are subjected to several forces acting on their structural elements. These forces come from pantograph drive, inertia forces, aerodynamic effects, vibration of traction units etc. Modern approach to static and dynamic analysis should...
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Analytical Methods for Causality Evaluation of Photonic Materials
PublikacjaWe comprehensively review several general methods and analytical tools used for causality evaluation of photonic materials. Our objective is to call to mind and then formulate, on a mathematically rigorous basis, a set of theorems which can answer the question whether a considered material model is causal or not. For this purpose, a set of various distributional theorems presented in literature is collected as the distributional...
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Prediction of Weld Deformations by Numerical Methods - Review
PublikacjaThe welding process is the basic technique of joining in the shipbuilding industry. This method generates welding distortions that cause a lot of problems during the manufacturing process due to both the time and cost of straightening as well as their influence on later stages of production. Proper preparation of welding processes plays a growing role in the shipbuilding industry and the development of calculating tools is being...
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METHODS OF TEACHING NOISE PROTECTION AT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
PublikacjaNoise strongly influences both our health and behavior in everyday life and as employees or employers. The lost of hearing and other effects of noise on humans result not only in a significant decrease in the quality of life or work efficiency but have also have economic consequences. As noise can be preventable in part by the Environmental Engineers, but it is necessary to introduce them noise issues during their education process....
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Measurement methods for assessing insulation condition of underground pipelines
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the most frequently applied measurement methods for assessing the quality of external insulation along pipelines and detecting defect locations in the protective coating. The quality of coating along a given pipeline section under investigation is assessed by determining unitary resistance of the coating, which is calculated on the basis of measurement results obtained along a pipeline subjected to cathodic...
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Review of Selected Methods for Prediction of Added Resistance in Following Waves
PublikacjaThe added resistance in waves is a mean value of non-linear, second order reaction of a ship to incoming waves. In the beginning of the 20th century, the experimental methods for investigation of ship hydrodynamics at model scale were developed. They allowed the evaluation of added resistance by measurements in irregular waves (directly) or by measurements in regular waves (in-direct method). The main goal was to find more precise...
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Applicability of Emotion Recognition and Induction Methods to Study the Behavior of Programmers
PublikacjaRecent studies in the field of software engineering have shown that positive emotions can increase and negative emotions decrease the productivity of programmers. In the field of affective computing, many methods and tools to recognize the emotions of computer users were proposed. However, it has not been verified yet which of them can be used to monitor the emotional states of software developers. The paper describes a study carried...
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Employing economical methods for pavement defects estimation
PublikacjaIt is a common practise that measurements of road surface conditions are made using professional and expensive apparatus. Typically a van or a truck equipped with a set of professional sensors i.e. laser scanners of surface is used, therefore the measurement update period is often quite long. Two alternative low-cost methods for estimating road pavement defects and failures were proposed and investigated by the authors. The first...
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Convergence of rational multistep methods of of Adams-Padé type
PublikacjaRational generalizations of multistep schemes, where the linear stiff part of a given problem is treated by an A-stable rational approximation, have been proposed by several authors, but a reasonable convergence analysis for stiff problems has not been provided so far. In this paper we directly relate this approach to exponential multistep methods, a subclass of the increasingly popular class of exponential integrators. This natural,...
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Economical methods for measuring road surface roughness
PublikacjaTwo low-cost methods of estimating the road surface condition are presented in the paper, the first one based on the use of accelerometers and the other on the analysis of images acquired from cameras installed in a vehicle. In the first method, miniature positioning and accelerometer sensors are used for evaluation of the road surface roughness. The device designed for installation in vehicles is composed of a GPS receiver and...
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Computational Methods for Liver Vessel Segmentation in Medical Imaging: A Review
PublikacjaThe segmentation of liver blood vessels is of major importance as it is essential for formulating diagnoses, planning and delivering treatments, as well as evaluating the results of clinical procedures. Different imaging techniques are available for application in clinical practice, so the segmentation methods should take into account the characteristics of the imaging technique. Based on the literature, this review paper presents...
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A review of phosphorus recovery methods at various steps of wastewater treatment and sewage sludge management. The concept of “no solid waste generation” and analytical methods
PublikacjaPhosphorus deposits around the world are rapidly depleting, therefore phosphorus recovery methods are gaining more and more interest both in science and industry. This article presents the main methods of phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge. The described approaches are divided in two groups: phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge and leachate, and recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ashes. The latter seems to have more...
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Displacement piles - classification and methods for the calculation of bearing capacity.
PublikacjaDisplacement piles belong to a group of technologies whose main idea is to install or make a pile without extracting ground material. According to definition, contained in PN-EN:1997-1:2008, displacement piles should be considered as driven, pressed in using vibrators and made with the use of spread augers. The classification of piles used so far with regard to the technology of execution is modified. An additional element is the...
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Affective computing and affective learning – methods, tools and prospects
PublikacjaEvery teacher knows that interest, active participation and motivation are important factors in the learning process. At the same time e-learning environments almost always address only the cognitive aspects of education. This paper provides a brief review of methods used for affect recognition, representation and processing as well as investigates how these methods may be used to address affective aspect of e-education. The paper...
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Use of Sensory Analysis Methods to Evaluate the Odor of Food and Outside Air
PublikacjaSensory analysis is applied in many areas of daily life. It is used to carry out the sensory evaluation of foodstuffs or other products and to evaluate the properties of odors present in the environment. The authors attempt to summarize the knowledge on the classification and application of sensory analysis methods to evaluate the odor nuisance of air, which allows the identification of sensory impressions and determination of...
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Methods of Assessing Degradation of Supercapacitors by Using Various Measurement Techniques
PublikacjaThis article presents the qualitative analyses of the construction of supercapacitor samples. The analyses are based on the suggested thermographic measurements as well as the technique of testing the inherent noise of the investigated element. The indicated assessment methods have been referred to the currently used parameters for the qualitative evaluation of supercapacitors. The approach described in this paper, which introduces...
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Quaternion encryption methods for multimedia transmission, a survey of existing approaches
PublikacjaIn this paper we review quaternion encryption methods for multimedia transmission. We explain their weak and strong properties as well as suggest possible modifications. Our main focus is an algorithm QFC presented in paper by Dzwonkowski et al. (2015). All encryption methods, presented in this paper, use special properties of quaternions to perform rotations of data sequences in 3D space. Each method uses a common key generation...
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Study on Methods to Control Interstory Deflections
PublikacjaOne of the possibilities to prevent building pounding between two adjacent structures is to consider appropriate in-between separation distance. Another approach might be focused on controlling the relative displacements during seismic excitations. Although the majority of building codes around the world recommend the use of some equations of various distances between structures to avoid pounding; a lot of reports after earthquakes...
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Revision of Biological Methods for Determination of EDC Presence and Their Endocrine Potential
PublikacjaEndocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) are chemicals responsible for disturbances in the hormonal balance of organisms. This group of chemicals includes both egzogenic and endogenic substances or their mixtures that impact functioning of natural hormones in organisms. In the available literature one can find information on the application of chromatographic and related techniques in the analysis of environmental samples for detection,...