Filters
total: 21455
filtered: 977
-
Catalog
- Publications 977 available results
- Journals 2 available results
- People 16 available results
- Inventions 5 available results
- Projects 3 available results
- Laboratories 1 available results
- Research Teams 1 available results
- Research Equipment 1 available results
- e-Learning Courses 42 available results
- Events 4 available results
- Open Research Data 20403 available results
Chosen catalog filters
Search results for: KONDENSATORY FOLIOWE
-
Quadratic Cohen representations in spectral analysis of serration process in Al–Mg alloys
PublicationImportant from mechanical point of view the Portevin–Le Chatelier serration phenomenon is being characterized by a complicated spectral profile. As a typical example of nonstationary processes it demands a special treatment allowing to follow the evolution of energy of stress fluctuations as a function of strain. The authors suggest the utilization of a compact system of quadratic transformations, known as Cohen class, as a technique...
-
Coordination states and apparent molar volumes of cobalt(II) perchlorate and cobalt(II) chloride in N,N-diethylacetamide at 25 C
PublicationWyznaczono pozorne objętości molowe Co(ClO4)2 i CoCl2 oraz elektronowe widma absorpcyjne w zakresie widzialnym roztworów Co(ClO4)2, CoCl2, Co(ClO4)2 - CoCl2, CoCl2 - LiCl w N,N-dietyloacetamidzie. Analiza pozornych objętości molowych, oraz wpływu temperatury i składu roztworów umozliwiła zidentyfikowanie kompleksów chlorkowych kobaltu(II) powstających w układzie Co(2+)-Cl(-)-DEA. Wyznaczono stałe trwałości.
-
Thermodynamic properties of inorganic salts in nonaqueous solvents. II. Apparent molar volumes and compressibilities of divalent transition-metal perchlorates in acetonitrile
PublicationW oparciu w wyniki pomiarów gęstości wykonanych w temperaturze 15,20,25,30,35,40 i 50 stopni Celsjusza oraz pomiaru szybkości dżwięku w temperaturze 25 stopni Celsjusza, wyznaczono pozorne objętości molowe oraz ściśliwości adiabatyczne roztworów nadchloranów manganu(II), kobaltu(II), niklu(II) i cynku(II). Obliczono odpowiednie wartości standardowe oraz rozszerzalności izobaryczne. Przeanalizowano związki między strukurą elektronową...
-
Automatyzacja procesu modelowania geometrycznych obiektów 3Dz wykorzystaniem "Modellera" programu polowego Opera 3D
PublicationW zagadnieniach optymalizacyjnych, w których wykorzystuje się programy polowe istnieje konieczność wprowadzenia zmian w geometrii obiektu i wykonania ponownych obliczeń. Często zachodzi potrzeba budowy modelu 3D od podstaw. Rozwiązaniem jest automatyzacja tego procesu.W pracy omówiono sposób automatycznego załadowania instrukcji wykonywanych automatycznie przez "Modeller" programu Opera 3D. Pokazano sposób parametryzowania geometrii...
-
Vision Zero in Poland
PublicationPoland’s experience of road safety work is relatively short. In the early 1990s road deaths soared to a staggering 8000 a year. A diagnosis found that Poland’s lack of systemic road safety action was to blame for those figures. In response, the state set up road safety bodies and commissioned road safety programs. In 2005, Poland followed the example of Sweden and adopted Vision Zero as a far-reaching concept of changes in road...
-
Combining MUSHRA Test and Fuzzy Logic in the Evaluation of Benefits of Using Hearing Prostheses
PublicationAssessing the effectiveness of hearing aid fittings based on the benefits they provide is crucial but intricate. While objective metrics of hearing aids like gain, frequency response, and distortion are measurable, they do not directly indicate user benefits. Hearing aid performance assessment encompasses various aspects, such as compensating for hearing loss and user satisfaction. The authors suggest enhancing the widely used...
-
Excitation energy transport and trapping in concentrated solid solution of flavomononucleotide
PublicationW pracy analizowano bez promienisty transfer energii w stężonych stałych roztworach (folie polimerowe) FMN. W w/w roztworach występują świecące dimery FMN. Pokazano, że jedynie uwzględnienie powrotnego transferu energii pozwala zadowalająco wyjaśnić mechanizm przenoszenia energii w badanych układach.
-
Dipodal Tetraamide Derivatives of 1,10-Diaza-18-Crown-6 and Alkylmalonic Acids—Synthesis and Use as Ionophores in Ion Selective Membrane Electrodes
PublicationNovel dipodal derivatives of an 18-membered diaza-crown ether with two diamide chains featuring methylmalonic or butylmalonic acid residues were obtained and tested as ionophores in ion-selective plasticized membrane electrodes. The objective of the study was to identify measurement conditions which ensure the most favorable performance for magnesium ion-selective electrodes. The relationship between the molar lipophilic anion...
-
Nonlinear Interaction of Modes in a Planar Flow of a Gas with Viscous and Thermal Attenuation
PublicationThe nonlinear interaction of wave and non-wave modes in a gas planar flow are considered. Attention is mainly paid to the case when one sound mode is dominant and excites the counter-propagating sound mode and the entropy mode. The modes are determined by links between perturbations of pressure, density, and fluid velocity. This definition follows from the linear conservation equations in the differential form and thermodynamic...
-
N-phosphonomethylglycine utilization by the psychrotolerant yeast Solicoccozyma terricola M 3.1.4.
PublicationSolicoccozymaterricolaM 3.1.4., the yeast strain isolated from soil sample from blueberry cultivation in MiedzyrzecPodlaski in Poland, is capable to split of phosphorus to nitrogen and nitrogen to carbon bonds inN-phosphono-methylglycine (PMG, glyphosate). The biodegradation process proceeds in the phosphate-independent manner. Itis the first example of a psychrotolerant yeast strain able to degrade PMGviaCeN bond cleavage accompanied...
-
Multi-Stage Video Analysis Framework
PublicationThe chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 presents the general structure of the proposed framework and a method of data exchange between system elements. Section 3 is describing the low-level analysis modules for detection and tracking of moving objects. In Section 4 we present the object classification module. Sections 5 and 6 describe specialized modules for detection and recognition of faces and license plates, respectively....
-
A simple modification to improve the accuracy of methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme quantitative polymerase chain reaction
PublicationDNA digestion with endonucleases sensitive to CpG methylation such as HpaII followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantitation is commonly used in molecular studies as a simple and inexpensive solution for assessment of region-specific DNA methylation. We observed that the results of such analyses were highly overestimated if mock-digested samples were applied as the reference.We determined DNA methylation levels in several...
-
Determination of the substances potentially allergenic in water
PublicationPersonal care chemicals are continuously released into environment through domestic and industrial wastewater, causing adverse effects on human health. Their presence can be detected in different environmental compartments. A group of chemicals included in most personal care products are the allergen fragrances. In the present work, simple and rapid methodology based on ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction (USAEME)...
-
Electrochemicalsynthesis of 3D nano-/micro-structured porous polypyrrole
PublicationIn this work, electrosynthesis of electroactive, 3D nano-/micro-structured porous polypyrrole film is presented. The PPy film was synthesized potentiostatically in a one-step process from aqueous solution of pyrrole and lithium perchlorate. The growth mechanism of such structure included: the formation of typical globular PPy film, followed by the formation of the PPy fibers, which then took part in the formation of 3D highly porous...
-
Application in circular sawing machines of the experimental results of investigations of the chip removing system operation
PublicationThe experimental results of the chip removing system operation are presented. The main aim of them was to optimize suction system of the panel saw Fx3 and its follower Fx550. The attention was focused on the upper casing, which was the part of removing system. Within the framework of the work a systematic experimental study of pressure distribution in the casing during operation of the selected rotational speed of saw blade with...
-
Dissociative electron attachment and anion-induced dimerization in pyruvic acid
PublicationWe report partial cross sections for the dissociative electron attachment to pyruvic acid. A rich fragmentation dynamics is observed. Electronic structure calculations facilitate the identification of complex rearrangement reactions that occur during the dissociation. Furthermore, a number of fragment anions produced at electron energies close to 0 eV are observed, that cannot originate from single electron-molecule collisions....
-
Preparation of bicyclic β-lactam and bicyclic 1,3- oxazinone scaffolds using combined cycloaddition and metathesis processes
PublicationA simple, efficient two-step method for the preparation of heterobicyclic compounds was developed. Starting from 5-acyl or 5-carbamoyl-2,2- dimethyl-1,3-dioxa-4,5-dione bicyclic scaffolds of 1-azabicyclo[5.2.0]non- 3-en-9-one, 6,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-4H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]azepin-4-one, and 6,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-2H-[1,3]oxazino[3,2-a]azepine-2,4(3H)-dione were prepared using cycloaddition of thermally generated ketenes to aldimines...
-
Dynamics of the circular sawing machine spindle system
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu prędkości obrotowej na dynamikę układu wrzecionowego pilarki tarczowej. Czynnikami badanymi były bicie osiowe i promieniowe wrzeciona, które mierzono za pomocą czujników wiroprądowych na kierunku działania przekładni pasowej, a także na kierunku do niego prostopadłym. Przeprowadzone badania eksperymentalne wykazały, że wartość prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona oraz sposób przekazywania mocy...
-
Multilevel Converters
PublicationThe newest Special Section is intended to focus on recent research and trends in application of multilevel converters. Multilevel converters have been extensively developed over the last two decades and show several important advantages of power electronic circuits, such as: operation at high voltages, harmonics reduction, higher efficiency, modularity, smaller size and lower cost. Also, thanks to increasing interest in renewable...
-
Wpływ parametrów reakcji acydolizy na stopień wbudowania się kwasu kaprylowego w triacyloglicerole oleju rzepakowego.
PublicationBadano wpływ wybranych parametrów enzymatycznej acydolizy na stopień wbudowywania się kwasu kaprylowego w cząsteczki oleju rzepakowego. Zmieniano stosunki molowe reagentów, czas reakcji, ilośc wody w preparacie enzymatycznym, środowisko reakcji. Stwierdzono, że najkorzystniejsze warunki wbudowywania się tego kwasu w cząsteczki TAG były przy następujących parametrach: zawartość wody w preparacie enzymatycznym - 10%; stosunek molowy...
-
Stożkowe łożyska magnetyczne.
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono konstrukcję stożkowych łożysk magnetycznych. Ten typ łożyska znakomicie nadaje się do łożyskowania krótkich wirników o znacznych średnicach. Autorzy zastosowali łożyska magnetyczne do łożyskowania wirnika pędnika wodnego. W grupie łożysk magnetycznych, podobnie jak w klasycznych łożyskach, można wyróżnić łożyska: promieniowe, osiowe i stożkowe. Przedstawiona klasyfikacja związana jest z kierunkiem przenoszonych...
-
Antibacterial activity of gelatin-based films incorporated with chitosan or silver
PublicationFolie żelatynowe z dodatkiem srebra jonowego powodowały redukcję komórek Escherichia coli i Staphylococcus aureus o 90% pod powierzchnią folii. Nie obserwowano natomiast strefy zahamowania wzrostu dookoła krążków folii. W przypadku filmów chitozanowych lub żelatynowo-chitozanowych ich przeciwdrobnoustrojowa aktywność zależała od stopnia deacetylacji chitozanu.
-
Electrophoretic co-deposition of Fe2O3 and Mn1,5Co1,5O4: Processing and oxidation performance of Fe-doped Mn-Co coatings for solid oxide cell interconnects
PublicationThe “in-situ” Fe-doping of the manganese cobalt spinel was achieved by electrophoretic co-deposition of Mn1,5Co1,5O4 and Fe2O3 powders followed by a two-step reactive sintering treatment. The effects on the coating properties of two different Fe-doping levels (5 and 10 wt.% respectively) and two different temperatures of the reducing treatment (900 and 1000 °C) are discussed. Samples with Fe-doped coatings demonstrated a lower...
-
MARKAL long-term power generation scenarios for Poland - Concept of the model
PublicationIn this paper we have presented the concept of Polish MARKAL optimization model developed for the needs of power generation scenarios in long-term perspective i.e. by 2040. The depiction of Polish MARKAL with Reference Energy System structure was provided. In addition, basic model assumptions, energy technology database, projections of electricity demand and power plant ageing pathways were presented. Our goal is to test MARKAL...
-
Formation of CN (B2∑+) radicals in the vacuum-ultraviolet photodissociation of pyridine and pyrimidine molecules
PublicationFormation of the excited CN(B2∑+) free radicals in the photodissociation of pyridine (C5H5N) and pyrimidine (C4H4N2) molecules was investigated over the energy ranges 16–27 and 14.7–25 eV, respectively. Photon-induced fluorescence spectroscopy was applied to detect the vibrationally and rotationally excited CN radicals by recording the B2∑+→X2∑+ emission bands (violet system). The measured dissociation yield curves demonstrate...
-
Emotion Monitor - Concept, Construction and Lessons Learned
PublicationThis paper concerns the design and physical construction of an emotion monitor stand for tracking human emotions in Human-Computer Interaction using multi-modal approach. The concept of the stand using cameras, behavioral analysis tools and a set of physiological sensors such as galvanic skin response, blood-volume pulse, temperature, breath and electromyography is presented and followed...
-
Experimental study of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission and electrochemical noise techniques
PublicationTechnika emisji akustycznej jest znaną metodą badań korozji zbrojenia żelbetu. Źródłem aktywności akustycznej są zawsze zjawiska o naturze mechanicznej. Przedstawiono wynik badań akustycznych zbrojonego betonu w warunkach polaryzacji anodowej, przyspieszającej procesy korozyjne. Symultanicznie prowadzona była rejestracja szumu elektrochemicznego. Dla umożliwienia korelacji wyników, uzyskanych obiema technikami, wykonana została...
-
The Impact of Generative AI and ChatGPT on Creating Digital Advertising Campaigns
PublicationThe use of AI-based solutions is currently discussed in relation to various industries. The proliferation of tools based on generative artificial intelligence (GAI), including the emergence of ChatGPT, has resulted in testing as a first step and implementations in further areas of business life, including marketing, as a second step. Still only a few studies have analysed and evaluated specific solutions for different areas of...
-
Otrzymywanie strukturyzowanych lipidów wzbogaconych w kwas kaprylowy na drodze enzymatycznej acydolizy
PublicationBadano wpływ wybranych parametrów enzymatycznej acydolizy na ilość wbudowanego kwasu kaprylowego w cząsteczki riacylogliceroli oleju rzepakowego. Zmieniano stosunki molowe reagentów: czas reakcji oraz środowisko reakcji. Stwierdzono,że najkorzystniejsze warunki wbudowywaniania się tego kwasu w cząsteczki TAG były przy następujących parametrach: zawartość wody w peparacie enzymatycznym Lipozyme RM IM - 10% ; stosunek molowy oleju...
-
Flexoelectricity and apparent piezoelectricity of a pantographic micro-bar
PublicationWe discuss a homogenized model of a pantographic bar considering flexoelectricity. A pantographic bar consists of relatively stiff small bars connected by small soft flexoelectric pivots. As a result, an elongation of the bar relates almost to the torsion of pivots. Taking into account their flexoelectric properties we find the corresponding electric polarization. As a results, the homogenized pantographic bar demonstrates piezoelectric...
-
Volumetric properties of zinc(II) chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide and dimethylsulfoxide
PublicationW oparciu o pomiary gęstości szeregu równomolarnych mieszanin soli Zn(ClO4)2 -ZnCl2 wyznaczono pozorne objętości molowe kompleksów powstających podczas kompleksowania jonów cynku jonami chlorkowymi w dimetylosulfotlenku i N,N-dimetyloacetamidzie w 298.15 K. Uzyskane wyniki jednoznacznie wskazują na to, że w N,N-dimetyloacetamidzie wszystkie kompleksy chlorkowe jonów cynku(II) są czterokoordynacyjne. W dimetlosulfotlenku natomiast...
-
Otrzymywanie strukturyzowanych lipidów wzbogaconych w kwas kapronowy na drodze enzymatycznej acydolizy
PublicationBadano wpływ wybranych parametrów enzymatycznej acydolizy na stopień wbudowywania się kwasu kapronowego w cząsteczki oleju rzepakowego. Zmieniano stosunki molowe reagentów, czas reakcji, ilość wody w preparacie enzymatycznym, środowisko reakcji. Stwierdzono, że najkorzystniejsze warunki wbudowania się tego kwasu w cząsteczki TAG były przy następujących parametrach: zawartość wody w preparacie enzymatycznym 10 %, stosunek molowy...
-
Transition curve with smoothed curvature at its ends for railway roads
PublicationIn the paper, in view of a railway ballasted track, a new concept of transition curve of linear form of curvature along its length and smoothed extreme regions is presented. For this purpose use has been made of an original, universal method for identifying transition curves by means of differential equations. Some general curvature equations for three regions investigated have been determined to be followed by appropriate parametric...
-
Threshold photoelectron studies of isoxazole over the energy range 9.9-30 eV
PublicationThe threshold photoelectron spectrum of the isoxazole molecule, C3H3NO has been measured over the photon energy range 9.9-30 eV with the use of synchrotron radiation. In the 9.9-10.8 eV range, corresponding to photoionization from the highest occupied molecular orbital 3a"(π3), seven well resolved vibrational series have been observed and their modes are tentatively assigned. A strong adiabatic ionization, with an energy of 11.132...
-
Can we rely on the pulse transit time - pressure relationship - models comparison
PublicationAn unobtrusive, noninvasive and continuous pressure measurement is invaluable however, still being under research and development. There are many attempts proposing an appropriate relationship between pulse pressure velocity and pressure. Fifteen different formulas, both theoretical and experimental, describing relation between blood pressure and crosssectional area of the vessel were examined. Using these formulas the relation...
-
Influence of Phase Composition on Dielectric Properties of Bismuth-Based Ceramics with Scheelite-Type Structure
PublicationGoal of the present research was to study dielectric properties of BiNbO4 ceramics fabricated by solid state reaction route followed with pressureless sintering. The samples were fabricated from the mixture of oxides, viz. Nb2O5 and Bi2O3. Apart from stoichiometric amount an excess of 3%, 5% and 10% by mole of Bi2O3 was used. It was found that an excess amount of Bi2O3 oxide caused formation of Bi5Nb3O15 minor phase in amount of...
-
Intelligent Autonomous Robot Supporting Small Pets in Domestic Environment
PublicationIn this contribution, we present preliminary results of the student project aimed at the development of an intelligent autonomous robot supporting small pets in a domestic environment. The main task of this robot is to protect a freely moving small pets against accidental stepping on them by home residents. For this purpose, we have developed the mobile robot which follows a pet and makes an alarm signal when a human is approaching....
-
Water related esthetics - the phenomenon of new structure in the post industrial shipyard areas
PublicationDirection of the main movements that are made in the European cities determines not only structural but also an esthetic changes. Paper follows the topic of visual diversity of post industrial waterfront cities and it’s relation to the local identity and cultural changes that are provided. Reshaping of the cities continuously proceed. Are those changes related with industrial shipyard districts only economical and spatial or also...
-
Agents in Simulation of Cyberattacks to Evaluate Security of Critical Infrastructures
PublicationIn the last years critical infrastructures have become highly dependent on the information technologies and exposed to cyberattacks. Because the effects of the attacks can be detrimental, it is crucial to comprehensively asses the security of the infrastructures' information systems. This chapter describes MAlSim - the simulator of malicious software based on software agents, developed for the needs of a testbed for critical infrastructures...
-
Sound Field Intensity Measurements and Visualization around the Human Head Model . Rozkłąd natężenia pola akustycznego w komorze bezechowej obecności sztucznej głowy i w przypadku braku jej obecności
PublicationThe main goal of this research study was to measure and visualize sound field intensity distribution in and without presence of the human head model. Measurements were performed in the anechoic chamber with the 5 cm grid. Experimental setup consisted of a multitone generator, two loudspeakers, human head model, intensimetric probe, the Cartesian robot applied for precise positioning of the acoustic sensor, and an analyzer. Based...
-
Comparison of the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of white, red and black currants (Ribes sp.) extracts
PublicationThe aim of this study was to compare the content of antioxidant compounds and the antioxidant activity of extracts from white, red and black currants (Ribes sp.). The chemical properties verified included determinations of anthocyanins and other phenols by HPLC-DAD-MS, total antioxidant activity by standard spectrophotometric tests (ABTS, DPPH and FCR), and profiles of antioxidants by TLC with visualization reagents (ABTS, DPPH,...
-
The Creation of an Antimicrobial Coating on Contact Lenses by The Use of Nanocopper
PublicationThe aim of the research was to creation an antimicrobial coating on contact lens and examine the ability of copper nanoparticles to decrease microbial adhesion and prevent the growth of bacteria. The creation was based on the immersion method in solution with dispersed nanoparticles of copper at concentration 200 pm. There were evaluated follows factors: time of immersion and base to dispersed nanoparticles. Three solutions: ethyl...
-
The migration policy of Armenia
PublicationAbstract: The aim of this study is to describe the legal bases of the migration policy of Armenia and its practical implementation in 1995–2013. The author examined the international and national documents that provide the legal bases of Armenia’s migration policy, as well as the balance between departures and arrivals in the period 1995–2013, Armenian citizens’ reasons for emigrating and the occupations of emigrants. The study...
-
Effect of Sinusoidal Corrugated Geometries on the Vibrational Response of Viscoelastic Nanoplates
PublicationThe vibrational behavior of viscoelastic nanoplates with a corrugated geometry is a key topic of practical interest. This problem is addressed here for wrinkled nanoplates with small corrugations related to incorrect manufacturing. To this end, a new One-Variable First-order Shear Deformation plate Theory (OVFSDT) is proposed in a combined form with a non-local strain gradient theory. The Kelvin–Voigt model is employed to describe...
-
Apparent molar volume and compressinility of tetrabutylphosphonium bromide in various solvents
PublicationW oparciu o pomiary gęstości wyznaczono pozorne objętości molowe bromku czero-n-butylofosfoniowego w etanolu, 1-propanolu, 1-butanolu, acetonie i acetonitrylu w przedziale temperatur od 288,15 K do 323,15 K. Ponadto zmierzone w 298,15 K szybkości rozchodzenia się dźwięku w badanych cieczach pozwoliły obliczyć pozorne ściśliwości adiabatyczne bromku. Wielkości pozorne ekstrapolowano do nieskończenie rozcieńczonego stężenia w celu...
-
THE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES AND STRATEGIES FOR ITS ENHANCEMENT: A TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS
PublicationThe aim of this article is to identify clusters of countries with similar levels of competitiveness among the EU-27 countries and to identify for each of the 27 EU countries the path to growth in competitiveness. The taxonomic cluster analysis conducted confirms the hypothesis that the European Union is an area with a high differentiation in terms of levels of competitiveness. The analysis shows that the strategy to increase competitiveness...
-
Air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH) technology for separation and environmental clean-up
PublicationPrzedstawiono zastosowanie technologii wykorzystującej napowietrzany reaktor cyklonowy w oczyszczaniu środowiska. W pierwszych opracowaniach reaktora cyklonowego wykorzystano wkłady ze stali porowatej i polietylenu jako kontaktory fazy gazowej z ciekłą. Jako wynik badań nad rozwojem technologii wkłady porowate zostały zastąpione metalowymi siatkami, co wyeliminowało problem zatykania się elementów. Przeprowadzone badania laboratoryjne...
-
Efficiency of service recovery in scale-free optical networks under multiple node failures
PublicationIn this paper we examine the properties of scale-free networks in case of simultaneous failures of two networknodes. Survivability assumptions are as follows: end-to-end path protection with two node-disjoint backup pathsfor each working path. We investigate three models of scale-free networks generation: IG, PFP and BA.Simulations were to measure the lengths of active and backup paths and the values of service recovery time.We...
-
Wireless Networks as an Infrastructure for Mission-Critical Business Applications
PublicationDespite the dynamic growth of wireless network systems, their pres-ence in business-support infrastructure has been limited. In the article we provide an overview of generic corporate network architecture and examine usefulness of available wireless network solutions in such systems. Following this overview we analyze new wireless network architecture which currently undergoes standardization process - wireless mesh. It can result...
-
Chemical Vapor Transport Route toward Black Phosphorus Nanobelts and Nanoribbons
PublicationChemical vapor transport (CVT) method is widely used for bulk black phosphorus (BP) fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate that CVT provides a route for the fabrication of BP nanoribbons and nanobelts. This method consists of a two-step procedure, including initial BP column growth using the CVT technique, followed by ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. The obtained nanostructures preserve BP column dimensions, forming...