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IEEE Sensors Letters
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Currently Commercially Available Chemical Sensors Employed for Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds in Outdoor and Indoor Air
PublikacjaThe paper presents principle of operation and design of the most popular chemical sensors for measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in outdoor and indoor air. It describes the sensors for evaluation of explosion risk including pellistors and IR-absorption sensors as well as the sensors for detection of toxic compounds such as electrochemical (amperometric), photoionization and semiconductor with solid electrolyte ones....
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Microwave Alignment and Displacement Sensors in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublikacjaThis paper is aimed at presenting highly sensitive microwave displacement and alignment sensors. With this goal, the method of realizing mechanically tunable cavity resonators in groove gap waveguides technology is presented. The resonance frequency of the cavity is then used for displacement sensing. It is also demonstrated that the symmetry properties of a pair of groove gap waveguide cavities can be used to improve the robustness...
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FFT analysis of temperature modulated semiconductor gas sensor response for the prediction of ammonia concentration under humidity interference
PublikacjaThe increasing environmental contamination forces the need to design reliable devices for detecting of the volatile compounds present in the air. For this purpose semiconductor gas sensors, which have been widely used for years, are often utilized. Although they have many advantages such as low price and quite long life time, they still lack of long term stability and selectivity. Namely, environmental conditions have significant...
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TASTE QUALITIES ESTIMATION BY TASTE SENSE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
PublikacjaThe principles of taste sense and kinds of tastes (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami and fat) have been described. Food quality estimation by taste sense: organoleptic testing and sensory analysis has been presented. The principle of operation of potentiom etric sensor composed of several Ion Selective Electrodes or All Solid State Electrodes with polymeric membranes and macromolecular chemical compounds sensitive to substances...
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MICROSEISMIC EVENT DETECTION USING DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS ON REAL DATA FROM PATCH ARRAY GEOPHONE GRID FROM EASTERN POMERANIA FRACTURING JOB
PublikacjaThe microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing process. Hydraulic fracturing is a method of reservoir stimulation used especially for unconventional gas recovery. A matrix of several thousand geophones is placed on the surface of earth to record every little tremor of ground induced by fracturing process. Afterwards, the signal is analysed and the place of tremor occurrence...
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Data from environmental sensors installed in two locations
Dane BadawczeThe dataset contains data gathered from environmental sensors installed in two locations:
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Modeling of multi-cavity Fabry-Perot optical fiber sensors
PublikacjaReflectance characteristics of a two-cavity extrinsic Fabry-Perot optical fiber sensor were investigated using computer modeling. Calculations were performed using a plane wave-based approach, selected for clarity of results. Based on the modeling results, it can be concluded that the two-cavity Fabry-Perot interferometer can be used to measure two different quantities, such as refractive index and temperature, independently. It...
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The computational methods in the development of a novel multianalyte calibration technique for potentiometric integrated sensors systems
PublikacjaIn recent years, integration and miniaturization of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have brought many benefits resulting in the possibility of simultaneous determination of the ions concentration in small volume samples. One of the key problems related to the preparation of potentiometric integrated sensors systems (PISSs) is a calibration procedure due to the necessity to calibrate each particular sensor separately. The main aim...
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Perforating systems in shale gas recovery
PublikacjaHydraulic fracturing is common method of shale gas recovery. Due to environmental, economical and technological problems many alternative technologies have been developed. One of the most promising group of technologies is based on perforating systems. This paper describes theoretical and practical aspects of best known technologies used to create perforations. New perforating/fracturing technologies which can replace hydraulic fracturing...
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Time-domain measurement methods for R, L and C sensors based on aversatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit
PublikacjatIn the paper new time-domain measurement methods for determining values of resistive (R), inductive(L) and capacitive (C) sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcon-trollers with internal analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and analog comparators (ACs) are presented.The interface circuit consists of a reference resistor Rrworking as a voltage divider, a given R, L or C sensorand a microcontroller...
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Fixed Pattern Noise Reduction and Linearity Improvement in Time-Mode CMOS Image Sensors
PublikacjaIn the paper, a digital clock stopping technique for gain and offset correction in time-mode analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) has been proposed. The technique is dedicated to imagers with massively parallel image acquisition working in the time mode where compensation of dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) as well as photo-response non-uniformity (PRNU) is critical. Fixed pattern noise (FPN) reduction has been experimentally validated...
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Fluctuation-enhanced and conductometric gas sensing with nanocrystalline NiO thin films: A comparison
PublikacjaNanocrystalline thin films of NiO were prepared by advanced reactive gas deposition, and their responses to formaldehyde, ethanol and methane gases were studied via fluctuation-enhanced and conductometric methods Thin films with thicknesses in the 200–1700-nm range were investigated in as-deposited form and after annealing at 400 and 500 °C. Morphological and structural analyses showed porous deposits with NiO nanocrystals having...
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Integration of inertial sensors and GPS system data for underwater navigation
PublikacjaThe Inertial Navigation System (INS) is usually employed to determine the position of an underwater vehicles, like Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and, more recently, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The accuracy of the position provided by the INS, which uses accelerometers and gyroscopes, deteriorates with time. An external aiding sources such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) can be employed to reduce the error growth...
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QUASI-DISTRIBUTED NETWORK OF LOW-COHERENCE FIBER-OPTIC FABRY-PÉROT SENSORS WITH CAVITY LENGTH-BASED ADDRESSING
PublikacjaDistributed measurement often relies on sensor networks. In this paper, we present the construction of low coherent fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensors connected into a quasi-distributed network. We discuss the mechanism of spectrum modulation in this type of sensor and the constraints of assembly of such sensors in the network. Particular attention was paid to separate the signals from individual sensors, which can be achieved by...
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Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostic examination of naval gas turbine engines. Part I: Steady-state processes
PublikacjaThe article presents a possible method of detecting failures in the flow section and supply system of a naval gas turbine engine based on the exhaust gas temperature measured behind the gas generator. This temperature is a basic diagnostic parameter use for evaluating the technical state of the turbine engine in operation, and is monitored during engine start-ups, accelerations and decelerations of rotor units, and steady-load...
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Measurement method for capacitive sensors for microcontrollers based on a phase shifter
PublikacjaA complete measurement method dedicated to capacitive sensors has been developed. It includes the development of hardware (an analogue interface circuit for microcontrollers with built-in times/counters and analogue comparators) and software (a measurement procedure and a systematic error calibration (correction) algorithm which is based on a calibration dictionary). The interface circuit consists of a low-pass filter and a phase...
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Data fusion of GPS sensors using Particle Kalman Filter for ship dynamic positioning system
PublikacjaDepending on standards and class, dynamically positioned ships make use of different numbers of redundant sensors to determine current ship position. The paper presents a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm for the dynamic positioning system which allows it to record the proper signal from a number of sensors (GPS receivers). In the research, the Particle Kalman Filter with data fusion was used to estimate the position of the vessel....
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Pulsed UV-irradiated Graphene Sensors for Ethanol Detection at Room Temperature
PublikacjaA graphene-based gas sensor fabricated in a FET (GFET) configuration and its sensitivity towards ethanol and methane is reported. Detection of ethanol at the level of 100 ppm was observed under pulsed UV irradiation and after cleaning by UV light in the N2 ambient. Reduction of the frequency of UV irradiation pulses resulted in increased changes in sensor resistance in the presence of ethanol. Improved sensing behavior was ascribed...
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APPLICABILITY OF INLET AIR FOGGING TO MARINE GAS TURBINE
PublikacjaThe dependency of marine gas turbine on the ambient temperature leads to a decrease of the gas turbine power output in arid areas. Very often gas turbine power output demand is high and the power margins originally designed into the driver , has been exhausted. In such circumstances the inlet air fogging is an effective compensation of gas turbine power. In this paper an analysis of inlet air fogging applicability to marine gas...
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Circularly Polarized Antenna Array design with the Potential of Gain-Size Trade-off and Omnidirectional Radiation for Millimeter-Wave Small Base Station Applications
PublikacjaThis paper presents the design and validation of a slot-patch-hybrid circularly polarized antenna array for 28 GHz millimeter (mm) wave (mm-wave) applications. The proposed design has a simple geometry that facilitates the fabrication process, which is otherwise a challenging task due to the sub-mm dimensions of the circuit in the mm-wave band. In the proposed structure, aperture-coupled series slot-fed array is utilized to excite...
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Dopants and gas modifiers in ion mobility spectrometry
PublikacjaThe ion mobility techniques, including the most commonly used drift-tube ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and differential mobility spectrometry (DMS), are used successfully for the detection of a wide range of organic compounds in the gas phase. In order to improve detection quality, admixtures are added to gas streams flowing through the detector. Dopants mostly prevent the ionization of interfering chemicals however, better detection...
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Detection of broadband signals in the field of aperture and array systems.
PublikacjaAnteny i szyki anten w dolnopasmowych systemach hydroakustycznych wnoszą istotne zniekształcenia liniowe wpływające na możliwości detekcji sygnałów szerokopasmowych. W artykule analizowany jest charakter takich zniekształceń metodą przestrzenno - czasowych odpowiedzi impulsowych. Sygnał odbierany w różnych kierunkach przestrzeni poddano filtracji na dwa sposoby z filtrem dopasowanym do sygnału nadawanego i filtrem dopasowanym...
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The pressure distribution for biharmonic transmitting array: theoterical study.
PublikacjaRozważano zagadnienie oddziaływań fal o skończonej amplitudzie dla biharmonicznej anteny nadawczej. Przedstawiono model matematyczny i wyniki badań teoretycznych. Model matematyczny zbudowano w oparciu o równanie KZK dla źródeł bez osiowej symetrii. Do rozwiązania zagadnienia zastosowano metodę różnic skończonych. Badano zmiany ciśnienia fal różnych częstotliwości w obrębie wiązki akustycznej.
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Design Analysis of Micro Gas Turbines in Closed Cycles
PublikacjaThe problems faced by designers of micro-turbines are connected with a very small volume flow rate of working media which leads to small blades’ height and high rotor speed. In the case of gas turbines this limitation can be overcome by the application of a closed cycle with very low pressure at the compressor inlet (lower than atmospheric pressure). In this way we may apply a micro gas turbine unit of accepted efficiency to work...
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An optimised placement of the hard quality sensors for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution systems
PublikacjaThe problem of an optimised placement of the hard quality sensors in drinking water distribution systemsunder several water demand scenarios for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration is formulatedin this paper. The optimality is understood as achieving a desired trade off between the sensors and theirmaintenance costs and the accuracy of estimation of the chlorine concentration. The contribution of thiswork is a comprehensive...
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Sulfur compounds: Gas chromatography
PublikacjaSulfur compounds, due to their properties, are responsible for the damage of our environment. For this reason sulfur containing compounds are of constant concern in many fields. Gas chromatography (GC), due to combination of separation capability and sensitive detection is a prime technique for the analysis of thes compounds in various matrices. The chapter rewies general problems of the determination of these compounds by GC and...
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New developments in preparation and use of standard gas mixtures
PublikacjaStandard gas mixtures are commonly applied in all stages of analytical work related to the analysis of gaseous samples. Numerous techniques for generating standard gas mixtures are in use. In this article, we present new developments regarding the production of standard gas mixtures, with particular focus on improvements in the application of dynamic techniques for generating them. Furthermore, we describe the application of new...
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Study of ZrS3-based field-effect transistors toward the understanding of the mechanisms of light-enhanced gas sensing by transition metal trichalcogenides
PublikacjaExtending knowledge of the properties of low-dimensional van der Waals materials, including their reactivity to the ambiance, is important for developing innovative electronic and optoelectronic devices. Transition metal trichalcogenides with tunable optical band gaps and anisotropic conductivity are an emerging class among low- dimensional structures with the possibility of gate tunability and photoreactivity. These properties...
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Multi-Beam Antenna for Ka-Band CubeSat Connectivity Using 3-D Printed Lens and Antenna Array
PublikacjaIn this paper, the design of a passive multi-beam lens antenna is proposed for the CubeSat space communication system as an alternative application of a 2-D microstrip antenna array that has originally been designed for a 39 GHz 5 G MU-MIMO system. The half-ellipsoid lens is 3-D printed using stereolithography (SLA) technology. The antenna prototype is capable of selecting the main beam between 16 different directions with a gain...
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Multicore Optical Fibres For Sensors
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A CMOS Pixel With Embedded ADC, Digital CDS and Gain Correction Capability for Massively Parallel Imaging Array
PublikacjaIn the paper, a CMOS pixel has been proposed for imaging arrays with massively parallel image acquisition and simultaneous compensation of dark signal nonuniformity (DSNU) as well as photoresponse nonuniformity (PRNU). In our solution the pixel contains all necessary functional blocks: a photosensor and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with built-in correlated double sampling (CDS) integrated together. It is implemented in...
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A measurement method for capacitive sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit
PublikacjaIn the paper, there is presented a new time-domain measurement method for determining the capacitance values of capacitive sensors, dedicated, among others, to capacitive relative humidity sensors. The method is based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcontrollers with internal analog comparators (ACs) and with precision voltage reference sources, e.g. digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The reference...
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FTIR spectra of gas mixtures from the methanation chamber filled with 50-50wt.% NiO-Al2O3
Dane BadawczeThe dataset includes the FTIR spectra collection of the outlet gas mixtures (CO2, CO, CH4) from reactor chamber filled with 50/50 wt.% NiO-Al2O3 catalyst for perfoming methanation reaction. The inlet gas mixture was composed of 3:1 by vol. H2:CO. Spectra were collected using PerkinElmer FTIR every 1 min.
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FTIR spectra of gas mixtures from the methanation chamber filled with 25-75wt.% NiO-Al2O3
Dane BadawczeThe dataset includes the FTIR spectra collection of the outlet gas mixtures (CO2, CO, CH4) from reactor chamber filled with 25/75 wt.% NiO-Al2O3 catalyst for perfoming methanation reaction. The inlet gas mixture was composed of 3:1 by vol. H2:CO. Spectra were collected using PerkinElmer FTIR every 1 min.
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Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostic examination of naval gas turbine engines. Part III. Diagnostic and operating tolerances
PublikacjaThe third part of the article presents a method for detecting failures of the automatic engine control system with the aid of an exhaust gas temperature setter, specially designed and machined for this purpose. It also presents a procedure of identifying the operating tolerances and determining the diagnostic tolerances for the exhaust gas temperature recorded in the naval turbine engine during the start-up and acceleration processes....
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Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostic examination of naval gas turbine engines. Part II. Unsteady processes
PublikacjaThe second part of the article presents the results of operating diagnostic tests of a two- and three-shaft engine with a separate power turbine during the start-up and acceleration of the rotor units. Attention was paid to key importance of the correctness of operation of the automatic engine load control system, the input for which, among other signals, is the rate of increase of the exhaust gas flow temperature. The article...
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FTIR spectra of gas mixtures from the methanation chamber filled with 50-50wt.% NiO-GDC
Dane BadawczeThe dataset includes the FTIR spectra collection of the outlet gas mixtures (CO2, CO, CH4) from reactor chamber filled with 50/50 wt.% NiO-GDC (Gadolinia Doped Ceria 20mol.%Gd2O3) catalyst for perfoming methanation reaction. The inlet gas mixture was composed of 3:1 by vol. H2:CO. Spectra were collected using PerkinElmer FTIR every 1 min.
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A comparative study of pentanol (C5 alcohol) and kerosene blends in terms of gas turbine engine performance and exhaust gas emission
PublikacjaThe growing demand for sustainable and clean energy sources provides the incentive for the development of alternative fuels. Simultaneously, the development of gas turbine technologies with flexible fuel supply systems enables the use of alternative non-fossil fuels that can play key roles in contributing to global efforts in meeting emissions targets. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on the production and potential...
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Combined chemoresistive and in situ FTIR spectroscopy study of nanoporous NiO films for light-activated nitrogen dioxide and acetone gas sensing
PublikacjaThe chemoresistive sensor response of nanoporous NiO films prepared by advanced gas deposition was investigated by combined resistivity and in situ FTIR spectroscopy, with and without simultaneous light illumination, to detect NO2 and acetone gases. The sensitivity towards NO2 increased dramatically under UV irradiation employing 275 nm light. Improved sensitivity was observed at an elevated temperature of 150 °C. In situ FTIR...
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An Ultra-Low-Energy Analog Comparator for A/D Converters in CMOS Image Sensors
PublikacjaThis paper proposes a new solution of an ultra-low-energy analog comparator, dedicated to slope analog-to-digital converters (ADC), particularly suited for CMOS image sensors (CISs) featuring a large number of ADCs. For massively parallel imaging arrays, this number may be as high as tens-hundreds of thousands ADCs. As each ADC includes an analog comparator, the number of these comparators in CIS is always high. Detailed analysis...
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Novel Desorber for Online Drilling Mud Gas Logging
PublikacjaThis work presents the construction solution and experimental results of a novel desorber for online drilling mud gas logging. The traditional desorbers use mechanical mixing of the liquid to stimulate transfer of hydrocarbons to the gaseous phase that is further analyzed. The presented approach is based on transfer of hydrocarbons from the liquid to the gas bubbles flowing through it and further gas analysis. The desorber was...
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Interface circuit for impedance sensors using two specialized single-chip microsystems
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono obwód interfejsu przeznaczony do pomiaru parametrów impedancyjnych czujników lub celek pomiarowych instalowanych na obiektach technicznych. Umożliwia on pomiar modułu i argumentu impedancji w zakresie 10ohm
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Katania, 2023, Road SS114 – csv data from sensors on bicycle
Dane BadawczeData collected with bicycle-mounted sensors on 06.07.2023 while cycling on the cycle path along the SS114 road in Catania. The data includes parameters such as: gps coordinates- txt files, brain waves and heart rate- csv file.
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Fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensors – modeling versus measurements results
PublikacjaThis paper describes how parameters of investigated substances and the fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensing interferometer affect the spectrum of the optical radiation at the output of the sensor. First, the modeling of the operation of the sensing interferometer was conducted. Most important parameters and effects that were taken into account are: dependences of the refractive indices of the core and the cladding, as well the mode...
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Possibilities of Increasing the Overall Efficiency of Gas-steam CHP Microplant
PublikacjaThe paper presents ways to increase the efficiency of a gas-steam micro power plant by modifying the cycle combination. The modification consists in partial release of the fluid downstream of the gas turbine and using it for ORC fluid overheating and evaporation. Advantages of this solution over the simplest gas and steam cycles’ combination are demonstrated.
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Carbon dioxide sequestration during shale gas recovery
PublikacjaThis paper presents literature on theoretical and practical aspects of gas production from shale using carbon dioxide fracturing. Development of technical and environmental aspects of carbon dioxide fracturing technologies is also considered. Patents applicable to carbon dioxide fracturing are reviewed. There were also conducted researches to evaluate possibility of carbon dioxide sequestration in shale gas reservoirs.
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Acoustic signal processing in passive sonar system with towed array
PublikacjaW referacie opisano przetwarzanie sygnałów akustycznych w pasywnym systemie hydrolokacyjnym. W pojęciu ''przetwarzanie sygnałów akustycznych'' mieszczą się wszelkie operacje wykonywane na sygnałach analogowych tj. wzmacnianie, filtracja i próbkowanie, jak również operacje na sygnałach cyfrowych uzyskanych w procesie próbkowania. Do operacji cyfrowych wykonywanych w systemie zalicza się synchronizację, konwersję, sortowanie, wytwarzanie...
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Theory of scattering by an array of lossy dielectric, ferrite and conducting cylinders.
PublikacjaOpisano metodę analizy umożliwiającą określenie zastępczego pola rozproszonego od dowolnej konfiguracji prętów dielektrycznych, ferrytowych lub metalowych na zewnętrznym obszarze cylindrycznym w celu połączenia go z wybranym pobudzeniem i znalezienia macierzy rozproszenia układu. Prezentowane podejście znajduje zastosowanie w analizie struktur zamkniętych i określanie macierzy rozpraszania złączy falowodowych jak i otwartych...
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Scattering by an array of conducting, lossy dielectric, ferrite and pseudochiral cylinders.
PublikacjaOpisano metodę analizy rozpraszania fali elektromagnetycznej w systemach zawierających cylindryczne pręty dielektryczne, metalowe, ferytowe i pseudochiralne i wykorzystanie w/w metody w problemach zamkniętych i znajdowanie macierzy rozpraszania wieloportowych złączy falowodowych oraz w problemach otwartych i badanie charakterystyk rozpraszania zarówno w strefie dalekiej jaki bliskiej.