Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: SHIP STRUCTURES
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Automation of ship and control
PublikacjaSummaryThe article presents the problem of automation of ship and control. This paper will discuss the basic tasks of the track ship control, collision avoidance and automatic dynamic positioning. The following subjects will be presented: the general structure of the ship's control, methods and control algorithms for the above mentioned tasks..StreszczenieArtykuł przedstawia zagadnienia automatyzacji i sterowania statkiem. W pracy...
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Wybrane problemy ochrony żeglugi (Maritime Security)
Publikacjaprzedstawiono zagadnienia ochrony żeglugi w aspekcie uwarunkowań związanych z radiokomunikacją morską. Opisano Międzynarodowy Kodeks Ochrony Statków i Urządzeń Portowych - ISPS (International Ship and Port Facility Security Code) i Statkowy System Alarmowania - SSAS (Ship Security Alert System) oraz także scharakteryzowano system AIS (Automated Information System) i System Identyfikacji i Śledzenia Dalekiego Zasięgu - LRIT (Long...
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Application of theory of semi-Markov processes to determining distribution of probabilistic process of marine accidents resulting from colission of ships
PublikacjaIn this paper is presented possible application of the theory of semi-Markov processes to elaborating an eight-state model of the process of occurrence of serviceability state and unserviceability states of sea-going ships making critical manoeuvres during their entering and leaving the ports. In the analysis it was taken into account that sea-going ships are in service for a very long time t (t → ∞). The model was elaborated to...
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The semi-Markov model of the process of appearance of sea-going ship propupsion system ability and inability states in application to determining the reliablity of these systems
PublikacjaThe article presents possible application of the theory of semi-Markov processes in creating the eight-state model of the process of appearance of the propulsion systems ability and inability states on sea-going vessels performing transportation tasks in a relatively long operating time t (t → ∞). The model has been proved to be able to be successfully used for determining the reliability of the abovementioned systems. The probability...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Gdansk Deep Summer 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Gdansk Deep, in the season: Summer. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected while the ship was sailing. To ensure data quality, echosounders were calibrated and passive...
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Guided wave propagation signals measured on corroded stiffened panels
Dane BadawczeThe fundamental antisymmetric Lamb mode was excited by piezoelectric transducers attached at the pre-selected points on stiffened panels, representing typical structural ship components. The specimens were exposed to accelerated marine corrosion degradation, so the signals were collected to analyze the influence of the degree of degradation on the wave...
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The influence of selected strain-based failure criteria on ship structure damage resulting from a collision with an offshore wind turbine monopile
PublikacjaOffshore wind farms are developing well all over the world, providing green energy from renewable sources. The evaluation of possible consequences of a collision involves Finite Element computer simulations. The goal of this paper was to analyse the influence of selected strain-based failure criteria on ship damage resulting from a collision with an offshore wind turbine monopile. The case of a collision between an offshore supply...
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: Evaluation of Individuals
PublikacjaThe paper presents a description of the evaluation phase of the Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories method. In general, the Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories method combines some of the assumptions of game theory with evolutionary programming and finds an optimal set of cooperating trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter situation. While developing a new version of this method, the authors decided to...
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UNDERWATER NOISE GENERATED BY A SMALL SHIP IN THE SHALLOW SEA
PublikacjaStudy of the sea noise has been a subject of interest for years. The first work of this scope were published at the turn of the twentieth century by Knudsen (KNUDSEN et al., 1948) and G. Wenz (WENZ, 1962). Disturbances called "shipping noise" are one of the important components of the sea noise. In this work the results of an experimental research of underwater noise produced by a small ship of a classic propulsion are...
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Methods of determination of C coefficient for period of rolling vessel in calm water for example of pax cargo ship
PublikacjaThis article presents a different approach to calculate the C coefficient needed to determine the period of own rolling vessel in calm water. The C coefficient is usually adopted as the approximate value from the available literature, usually depending on the type of vessel, and less dependent on the loading condition. In experimental studies of marine properties (seakeeping) often have a problem with the selection of the correct...
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Dynamically positioned ship steering making use of backstepping method and artificial neural networks
PublikacjaThe article discusses the issue of designing a dynamic ship positioning system making use of the adaptive vectorial backstepping method and RBF type arti cial neural networks. In the article, the backstepping controller is used to determine control laws and neural network weight adaptation laws. e arti cial neural network is applied at each time instant to approximate nonlinear functions containing parametric uncertainties....
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Possibility to use engine compression ignition engines in floating power plants marine
PublikacjaCompression-ignition engines used in ship technology as main propulsion engines are large units reaching even to 50-60 MW. The engines can be used in power industry for electricity generation in a simple or combined steam turbine system in combined heat and power plants. The leading engine in such an arrangement is an internal-combustion piston engine. The main propulsion engines are used in large piston internal-combustion engines...
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Postquarter-Point Case of Ship’s Side-Berthing and Its Influence on Marine Fender Pitch
PublikacjaThis paper presents a critical analysis of some selected codes and practical recommendations used as basic rules in the design procedures of modern marine fender systems. The first part of the discussion pertains to the existing equations used in calculating the eccentricity coefficient in the ship’s kinetic energy equation and the maximum allowable fender pitch (spacing) in a set of fenders installed along a quay wall. A new approach...
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Ship weather routing optimization with dynamic constraints based on reliable synchronous roll prediction
PublikacjaShip routing process taking into account weather conditions is a constrained multi-objective optimization problem and it should consider various optimization criteria and constraints. Formulation of a stability-related, dynamic route optimization constraint is presented in this paper. One of the key objectives of a cross ocean sailing is finding a compromise between ship safety and economics of operation. This compromise should...
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A framework for onboard assessment and monitoring of flooding risk due to open watertight doors for passenger ships
PublikacjaPost-accident safety of ships is governed by damage stability, affected by watertight subdivisions which limit accidental flooding. This is important for passenger ships with watertight doors (WTDs) often fitted in the bulkheads. Awareness of the ship flooding risk due to open WTDs and the conditions under which the associated risk level changes are prerequisites for proactive risk mitigation. Accident risk is often expressed as...
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The voltage on bus bars of the main switchboard of the ro-ro ship electrical power system during a sea voyage
Dane BadawczeThe dataset is part of the research results on the quality of supply voltage on bus bars of the main switchboard of the ship's electrical power system in different states of ship exploitation. The attached dataset contains the measurement results carried out onboard a ro-ro ship during a sea voyage.
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The voltage on bus bars of the main switchboard of the ro-ro ship electrical power system during maneuvering
Dane BadawczeThe dataset is part of the research results on the quality of supply voltage on bus bars of the main switchboard of the ship's electrical power system in different states of ship exploitation. The attached dataset contains the measurement results carried out onboard a ro-ro ship during maneuvering.
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: Evaluation of Individuals
PublikacjaThe paper presents a description of the evaluation phase of the Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories method. In general, the Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories method combines some of the assumptions of game theory with evolutionary programming and finds an optimal set of cooperating trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter situation. While developing a new version of this method, the au-thors decided...
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HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM FOR A CLASSIC SHIP POWER PLANT
PublikacjaThe article presents a brief overview of hybrid energy systems used on ships. The area of their application is outlined. The benefits of using such systems are also indicated. Then, the classic ship power plant is defined. The most important part of the article is a proposal how to modify a classic engine room by using a hybrid energy system. The idea is: to accumulate a part of electricity in areas where it is allowed to burn...
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Magnetic signature reproduction of ferromagnetic ships at arbitrary geographical position, direction and depth using a multi-dipole model
PublikacjaThe reproduction of magnetic signatures is an important issue concerning the safety of ship traffic, as well as the identification and classification of vessels. Moreover, military applications of magnetic signatures and their reproduction refer to the activation or protection against activation of magnetic naval mines. Previous works on this subject focused on recording and replicating the signatures under the same conditions...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay autumn 2018
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2018, in the Bay of Puck, in the seasons: autumn. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing. To ensure...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay spring 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: spring. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing. To ensure...
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay spring 2019 Part II
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: spring. Data was collected during the sunrise and sunset. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing....
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Fractional Order Dynamic Positioning Controller
PublikacjaImproving the performance of Dynamic Positioning System in such applications as station keeping, position mooring and slow speed references tracking requires improving the position and heading control precision. These goals can be achieved through the improvement of the ship control system. Fractional-order calculus is a very useful tool which extends classical, integer-order calculus and is used in contemporary modeling and control...
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Customized crossover in evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories
PublikacjaThe paper presents selected aspects of evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories-a method which applies evolutionary algorithms and some of the assumptions of game theory to solving ship encounter situations. For given positions and motion parameters of the ships, the method finds a near optimal set of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter. The method works in real time and the solutions must be returned within...
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A method to assess transverse vibration energy of ship propeller shaft for diagnostic purposes
PublikacjaThe article discusses a key problem of ship propulsion system vibration diagnostics, which concerns assessing this part of mechanical energy transmitted from the main engine to the ship propeller which is dissipated due to propeller shaft vibration. A simplified calculation model is proposed which allows the total energy of the generated torsional vibration to be assessed from the shaft deflection amplitude measured at the mind-span...
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Path planning algorithm for ship collisions avoidance in environment with changing strategy of dynamic obstacles
PublikacjaIn this paper a path planning algorithm for the ship collision avoidance is presented. Tested algorithm is used to determine close to optimal ship paths taking into account changing strategy of dynamic obstacles. For this purpose a path planning problem is defined. A specific structure of the individual path and fitness function is presented. Principle of operation of evolutionary algorithm and based on it dedicated application...
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The Conception of Decision-Making Support System for ComplexEnergetic System on Example of Ship Propulsion System
PublikacjaIn paper, the conception of decision-making support system for complex energetic system on example of ship propulsion system has been presented. Diversity of conditions, information overload and very often contradiction of decision-making criteria and time constraints result in difficulties in making right (rational) decision without using more or less expanded information processing systems (eg. database systems, expert systems,...
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Manoeuvring forces on azimuthing podded propulsor model
PublikacjaThis paper presents the preliminary part of comprehensive manoeuvring open- water tests of a gas carrier model. The paper focuses on open water experiments with an azimuthing podded propulsor. The test program was carried out in the cavitation tunnel and the large towing tank of Ship Hydromechanics Division, Ship Design and Research Centre, Gdańsk. The pod was tested as a pushing unit with a 161.3 mm diameter propeller. Steering...
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ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE PROPULSION SHAFT FATIGUE PROCESS IN A ROTATING MECHANICAL SYSTEM PART III DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
PublikacjaThis article presents the third and last part of the problem of diagnosing the fatigue of marine propulsion shafts in terms of energy with the use of the action function, undertaken by the authors. Even the most perfect physical models of real objects, observed under laboratory conditions and developed based on the results of their research, cannot be useful in diagnostics without properly transferring the obtained results to the...
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Hybrid System for Ship-Aided Design Automation
PublikacjaA hybrid support system for ship design based on the methodology of CBR with some artificial intelligence tools such as expert system Exsys Developer along with fuzzy logic, relational Access database and artificial neural network with backward propagation of errors.
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Quantitative Assessment of Operation of Ship Main Diesel Engine
PublikacjaOperation of ship propulsion system is associated with realization of definite operational goals. If to elements of the system the operational reliability strategy could be applied, the situation would be very simple as existing conditions would unambiguously determine application of means being on hand. However decision to reject application of the strategy (even if hypothetical) becomes obvious with a view of necessity of ensuring...
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Towards evaluation of the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria - examination of a fishing vessel vulnerability to surf-riding, based on historical capsizing
PublikacjaThe Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC) are the latest achievements in the field of intact ship stability assessment. The criteria are the result of massive international cooperative efforts and extensive research that lasted more than 15 years. Even though they are based on a solid scientific foundation, the trial period has commenced to collect user experience and further validation. One of possible approaches...
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The hydrodynamic pressure field of the ship Zodiak, measurements and calculations
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of measurements of the slowly changing hydrodynamic pressure field HPF generated by the movement of the ship, Zodiak, in the Bay of Gdansk. The measurement results have been obtained in the framework of the program of the work in Siramis, under the auspices of the European Defence Administration of the EU, by the research team of the Naval Academy in Gdynia. The measurement results were compared with...
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PROJEKTOWANIE STANOWISK LABORATORYJNYCH WSPIERAJĄCYCH PROCES SZKOLENIA PRAKTYCZNEGO KADR MORSKICH DZIAŁU MASZYNOWEGO W ŻEGLUDZE MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ, PRZYBRZEŻNEJ I KRAJOWEJ
PublikacjaWithin the article a design offer of the Department of Ship and Power Plants of the Faculty of Ocean Engineering And Ship Technology at the Gdansk University of Technology has been presented. The offer concerns designing laboratory stations which might stand for the equipment of a didactic base of maritime educational centers i.e. maritime (naval) academies and schools as well as maritime affairs' professional training centers,...
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Prediction of manoeuvring abilities of 10000 DWT pod-driven coastal tanker
PublikacjaThis paper aims to present a new approach in the prediction of manoeuvring abilities of pod-driven ships. A new mathematical model of motions based on MMG methodology was developed and a new type of description of forces acting on azimuth drives is presented. Captive model tests of medium-size coastal tanker and pod open water tests were carried out in CTO S.A. (Ship Design and Research Centre S.A.) to obtain hull hydrodynamic derivatives...
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Classification of Sea Going Vessels Properties Using SAR Satellite Images
PublikacjaThe aim of the project was to analyze the possibility of using machine learning and computer vision to identify (indicate the location) of all sea-going vessels located in the selected area of the open sea and to classify the main attributes of the vessel. The key elements of the project were to download data from the Sentinel-1 satellite [1], download data on the sea vessels [2], then automatically tag data and develop a detection...
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Marine autonomous surface ship - control system configuration
PublikacjaThis paper addresses the problem of marine autonomous surface ship (MASS) control. The contribution of the paper is the development of a control system configuration, done assuming fully autonomous MASS operation under distinct operational conditions. The overview of hardware and software selection is included.
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Split-beam echosounder data from Puck Bay winter 2019
Dane BadawczeThe acoustic data was collected in 2019, in the Bay of Puck, in the season: winter. Data was collected during the day and night. Three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz were used to collect the data. The data was collected at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, on the route Hel - Gdynia and on...
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Broadband communication solutions for maritime ITSs: Wider and faster deployment of new e-navigation services
Publikacjan its initial part, the paper presents an overview of popular technologies and systems currently developed or employed in maritime communication. These solutions are used to provide both ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore communication for the purpose of supporting specific services, often dedicated to maritime safety and e-navigation. Utility of such communication systems have been thoroughly verified over the years and their strengths...
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Reduction of CO2 Emissions from Offshore Combined Cycle Diesel Engine-Steam Turbine Power Plant Powered by Alternative Fuels
PublikacjaDiverse forms of environmental pollution arise with the introduction of materials or energy that exert adverse effects on human health, climate patterns, ecosystems, and beyond. Rigorous emission regulations for gases resulting from fuel combustion are being enforced by the European Union and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), directed at maritime sectors to mitigate emissions of SOx, NOx, and CO2. The IMO envisions...
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Selected results of measurements carried out in a ship power station with two generators working in parallel with the use of the NI PXIe-1062Q based measurement system
Dane BadawczeThe presented dataset is part of research focusing on the assessment of metrological properties of the instrument, Estimator/Analyzer (A/E v.2), developed and made at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Marine Electrical Power Engineering, of Gdynia Maritime University. The attached data set contains the results of measurements made...
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Prediction of ship resistance with the use of Full-scale CFD simulations
PublikacjaIn recent years, the IMO has introduced new regulations to reduce the negative impact of ships on the natural environment. A particularly important step forcing technological innovations is the increasing requirement of ship energy efficiency. It is expressed by the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). Another important step towards green shipping is rising the required quality of fuel used for propulsion, so called Tier limits....
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The Impact of Sloshing Liquids on Ship Stability for Various Dimensions of Partly Filled Tanks
PublikacjaLiquid sloshing phenomenon taking place in partly filled ships' tanks directly affects the stability of a vessel. However, only static calculations are carried out onboard ships nowadays and static transfer of liquid weight is taken into account in the course of routine stability calculation. The paper is focused on a dynamic heeling moment due to liquid sloshing in tanks onboard ships. A number of numerical simulations of liquid...
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A Method of Assessment of the Liquid Sloshing Impact on Ship Transverse Stability
PublikacjaLiquid sloshing phenomenon taking place in partly filled ships? tanks directly affects the stability of a vessel. However, only static calculations are carried out onboard ships nowadays and static transfer of liquid weight is taken into account in the course of routine stability calculation. The paper is focused on a dynamic heeling moment due to liquid sloshing in tanks onboard ships. The set of numerical simulations of liquid...
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Simulation Environment in Python for Ship Encounter Situations
PublikacjaTo assess the risk of collision in radar navigation distance-based safety measures such as Distance at the Closest Point of Approach and Time to the Closest Point of Approach are most commonly used. Also Bow Crossing Range and Bow Crossing Time measures are good complement to the picture of the meeting situation. When ship safety domain is considered then Degree of Domain Violation and Time to Domain Violation can be applied. This...
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: development of the method
PublikacjaThe Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories is a method solving ship encounter situations. The method combines evolutionary approach to planning ship trajectory with some of the assumption of game theory. For given positions and motion parameters the method finds a near optimal set of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter. The version presented here is an updated one and its authors have tested extensively...
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Review of Selected Methods for Prediction of Added Resistance in Following Waves
PublikacjaThe added resistance in waves is a mean value of non-linear, second order reaction of a ship to incoming waves. In the beginning of the 20th century, the experimental methods for investigation of ship hydrodynamics at model scale were developed. They allowed the evaluation of added resistance by measurements in irregular waves (directly) or by measurements in regular waves (in-direct method). The main goal was to find more precise...
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Automatic Identification System (AIS) Dynamic Data Integrity Monitoring and Trajectory Tracking Based on the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) Process Model
PublikacjaTo enhance the safety of marine navigation, one needs to consider the involvement of the automatic identification system (AIS), an existing system designed for ship-to-ship and shipto- shore communication. Previous research on the quality of AIS parameters revealed problems that the system experiences with sensor data exchange. In coastal areas, littoral AIS does not meet the expectations of operational continuity and system availability,...
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On evolutionary computing in multi-ship trajectory planning, Applied Intelligence
PublikacjaThe paper presents the updated version of Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: a method which applies evolutionary algorithms and some of the assumptions of game theory to solving ship encounter situations. For given positions and motion parameters of the ships,the method finds a near optimal set of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter. The method works in real time and the solutions must be returned...
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Evolutionary Planning of Safe Ship Tracks in Restricted Visibility
PublikacjaThe paper presents the continuation of the author's research on ship track planning by means of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA). The presented method uses EA to search for an optimal set of safe tracks for all ships involved in an encounter. Until now the method assumed good visibility – compliance with standard rules of the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS, 1972). However, in restricted...
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Topological Model of an Electromagnetic Environment Inside a Ship for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Analysis
PublikacjaThe mutual electromagnetic (EM) interactions between electrical and electronic devices in a segmented space, such as a ship's environment, ared described. Firstly, the topological structure of a ship's segmented internal environment, which consists of many electrical screening walls (shielding planes), is presented. Then, taking into account the ship's topological structure, a general description of the EM disturbance distribution,...
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Improvement of ships seakeeping performance by application of the full-scale cfd simulations
PublikacjaThe ship’s fuel economy is increasingly important. The paper presents the effect of redesigning a case study ship for increasing seakeeping performance. Selected wave parameters reflect very difficult operational conditions existing on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. The analyzed variants of a case study ship represent the latest developments of modern hull forms. The concepts similar to V-shaped bulbous bow, X-bow, X-aft, B-bow...
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The Development of a Combined Method to Quickly Assess Ship Speed and Fuel Consumption at Different Powertrain Load and Sea Conditions
PublikacjaDecision support systems (DSS) recently have been increasingly in use during ships operation. They require realistic input data regarding different aspects of navigation. To address the optimal weather routing of a ship, which is one of the most promising field of DSS application, it is necessary to accurately predict an actually attainable speed of a ship and corresponding fuel consumption at given loading conditions and predicted...
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Analysis of the Possibilities of Applying 3D Print Methods for the Needs of Ship-Building Industry
PublikacjaArticle presents the analysis of applying additive and hybrid manufacturing methods and its impact on dynamic stiffness of prepared samples. Dynamic analysis of the handle bracket specimens consisted in plotting the resonance curves and using these curves to estimate the dynamic stiffness of elements produced with additive manufacturing technology. Authors focused especially on 3D print in Fused Deposiotion Modeling/Fused Filament...
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Selected acoustic images of the Gdansk Bay
PublikacjaThe main goal of the paper is to describe the results of sounding the Gdansk Bay seabed by using a parametric sub-bottom profiler, multibeam echosounder and side scan sonar. Quality of dsata obtained during trials depends interalia on a proper location of antenna to reduce influence of pitch, roll and heave motions as well as ship noise.
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Laboratory test rig for examining aggregate mining from seabed using the AIRLIFT method
PublikacjaThe use of the Airlift method for transporting the mined aggregate from the seabed to the deck of the mining ship is an alternative for presently used solutions, such as suction pumps or scoop transport for instance. Building the laboratory test rig was preceded by tests in natural conditions. The rig was designed in such a way as to model these conditions as close as possible, and to have potential for further development
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Applying of thin plate boundary condition in analysis of ship’s magnetic field
PublikacjaThis paper presents computer simulations of ship’s magnetic signatures using a new thin plate boundary condition implemented in the Opera-3d 18R2 program. The paper aims to check the magnetic signatures’ numerical calculations precision of objects using the thin plate boundary conditions and analysis of the magnetic signature of ship with a degaussing system and with and without inner devices.
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Simulation of ship turning circle test for ballast and full load conditions
Dane BadawczeThe data show the results of the turning circle spiral test for the simplified ship model, taking into account two states of loading: ballast and full load. During the circulation test, the manoeuvrability of the vessel is tested.
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Towards improved energy efficiency of future smart ships by application of advanced CFD simulations – case study
PublikacjaThe international trade plays crucial role in today’s globally developed world’s economy. Many people are unaware of the unimaginable volume of cargo being transported every year by oceans and seas. For most of the time invisible from land the shipping industry preserves its strong position of the most cost-efficient and environmental friendly mean of transport. However during last years the shipping industry is under great pressure...
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Improvement of ships seakeeping performance by application of the Full-scale CFD simulations – case study
PublikacjaThe ship’s fuel economy is increasingly important. The paper presents the effect of redesigning a case study ship for increasing seakeeping performance. Selected wave parameters reflects very difficult operational con-ditions existing on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. The analyzed variants of a case study ship represent the latest developments of modern hull forms. The concepts similar to V-shaped bulbous bow, X-bow, X-aft,...
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An application of multi-agent system for ship’s power systems design
PublikacjaDesign process of transport ship power system consists of structure (topology) and component elements selection. Compliance with the requirements for static components does not guarantee optimal dynamic characteristics of entire power system. Design steps are difficult to formalize and as a consequence to this reason expert and multi-agent systems are used for solving selected design issues. In the paper distributed multi-agent...
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Four Degree-of-Freedom Hydrodynamic Maneuvering Model of a Small Azipod-Actuated Ship With Application to Onboard Decision Support Systems
PublikacjaThe main contribution of this paper is a numerical ship motion model of NTNU’s research vessel Gunnerus, capturing the surge, sway, roll, and yaw dynamics when sailing in uniform and steady currents. The model utilizes a crossflow drag formulation for the transverse viscous loads, and it includes a nonlinear formulation for the propulsion and steering loads provided by two azipod thrusters. A wide range of experimental data obtained...
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Comparison of safety levels required by adequate regulations for cargo ships of different types
PublikacjaDuring the currently ongoing development of methods for assessing the safety of ships, it is imperative that a compromise between the accuracy of the results and the accessibility of obtaining results is reached. This paper shows the calculations of a theoretical hull against damage stability regulations as included in SOLAS 2020, ICLL 66/88 as amended in 2003 and MARPOL 78. The rules included in the currently valid regulations require...
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NetBaltic System-Heterogenous Wireless Network for Maritime Communications
PublikacjaIn case of maritime communications, we observe a growing interest in deployment of multitask satellite-based solutions and development of new maritime-specific systems intended for improvements in safety of e-navigation. Analysis of different types of currently used maritime communication systems leads, however, to a conclusion that neither global and still very expensive satellite systems nor cheaper, but short-ranged transmission...
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Report no WOiO/II/67/2015 - Expertise about load capacity of twistlock foundation and sliding foundation
PublikacjaCustomer delivered to Laboratory 17 elements - twist lock foundations and sliding lock foundations (ship equipment for container lashing). Elements were selected from production series. Each element was loaded for braking load. After test visual inspection had been performed. The expertise contains: description of tested elements, test assumptions, test stand, results and conclusions
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PHYSICAL MODEL OF ENERGY-RELATED PROCESSES IN A ROTATING MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR THE PURPOSES OF DIAGNOSIS OF TRANSMISSION SHAFTS
PublikacjaIn the present article, selected problems connected with identification of slowly changing energy-related processes accompanying high cyclic fatigue of construction materials of simple mechanical systems, with special consideration of transmission shafts, are mentioned for diagnostic purposes. The article also presents physical models of object and processes that in a simplified way reflect mechanical energy transmission from transmission...
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Application a laboratory stand for multi-symptoms tests for high cyclic fatigue of constructional material
PublikacjaThis paper describes a need of diagnostics present ship plants according to current technical state. In order to reach competent physical quantity describing fatigue of materials by congregated energy. This paper describes using some diagnostics methods (acoustic emission AE, vibration, thermovision, deformation) in order to definition fatigue state of construction material. The author tries to find correlation between measured...
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A Ship Domain-Based Method of Determining Action Distances for Evasive Manoeuvres in Stand-On Situations
PublikacjaA ship encounter can be considered safe if neither of ships’ domains (defined areas around ships) is intruded by other ships. Published research on this includes optimising collision avoidancemanoeuvres fulfilling domain-based safety conditions.However, until recently there was no method, using ship’s domain to determine exact moment when a particular collision avoidance manoeuvre can still be successfully performed. The authors...
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A method of determining and visualizing safe motion parameters of a ship navigating in restricted waters
PublikacjaThe paper presents a method of displaying ship collision avoidance information which is based on an unconventional Collision Threat Parameters Area (CTPA) technique. The solution presented here extends CTPA's functionality from past works by supporting navigation in restricted waters and handling ship domains analytically instead of numerically. It visualizes potential navigational threats as well as possible collision avoidance...
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Split-Beam Echosounder Data from Puck Bay
PublikacjaThe acoustic data was collected in 2018–2019 in the Bay of Puck in the seasons: autumn, winter, spring. The data was collected during the day and night using three split-beam echosounders with frequencies of 38 kHz, 120 kHz and 333 kHz at a designated study area not far from the city of Hel, while the ship was sailing. To ensure data quality, the echosounders were calibrated and passive noise was measured.
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Modelling of Ship’s Heeling and Rolling for the Purpose of Gantry Control Improvement in the Course of Cargo Handling Operations in Sea Ports
PublikacjaThe paper presents two proposals of models of interaction between a ship and cargo being loaded or discharged by a gantry in port, in terms of heeling and rolling of the vessel. The main purpose of such modelling is the need for improvement of gantry control with regard to faster operations thanks to more accurate estimation of level and moment of cargo release from a gantry hook or spreader. The study may be the contribution to...
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Ship domain applied to determining distances for collision avoidance manoeuvres in give-way situations
PublikacjaShip domain is often used in marine navigation and marine traffic engineering as a safety condition. The basic idea behind those applications is that an encounter of two or more ships can be considered safe if neither of ship domains is intruded by other ships. Research utilising this approach has been documented in numerous works, including publications on optimising collision avoidance manoeuvres performed to fulfil domain-based...
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Numerical Estimation of Hull Hydrodynamic Derivatives in Ship Maneuvering Prediction
PublikacjaPrediction of the maneuvering characteristics of the ship at the design stage can be done by means of model tests, computational simulations or a combination of both. The model tests can be realized as direct simulation of the standard maneuvers with the free running model, which gives the most accurate results, but is also the least affordable as it requires very large tank or natural lake, as well as complex equipment of the...
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Analysis of magnetic field distribution inside ferromagnetic thin shells during degaussing process
PublikacjaAnalysis of the demagnetization of a large ferromagnetic object like a ship, was conducted. The approximate mathematical model in the form of a long cylindrical shell of constant magnetic permeability was applied. The discrete degaussing winding was assumed and the current density and magnetic flux density distribution in the ferromagnetic shell wall were determined. Based on the frequential and temporal analysis the recommended...
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Automatic control systems for ships fitted with podded propulsion drive (POD).
PublikacjaW artykule ukazano celowość i możliwości automatyzacji układów napędowych, zwłaszcza typu POD, przewidzianych do zastosowania na projektowanych w ramach projektu Eureka BALTECOLOGICAL SHIP czterech statkach bałtyckich: kontenerowca, pojazdowa i tankowca oraz statku rzeczno - morskiego. Zawarte w artykule informacje ułatwiają dokonanie wyboru właściwych założeń projektowanego układu sterowania napędem wymienionych wyżej statków.
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A novel approach to energy safety improvement in the marine power plants with active power surge compensator
PublikacjaPaper raises a point of power surges and theirs adverse effects in the marine power plants. The article explains a source of surges appearance, and presents measurements carried out on a modern ship. It discusses effects of dynamic power transients on the ship’s energy safety. Finally it proposes, a novel approach for power surge elimination, based on medium voltage active conditioner. As well as it propose the topology and control...
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Digital Control System of the Wavemaker in the Towing Tank
PublikacjaThe paper describes a digital control system of the rigid flap wavemaker in a towing tank in CTO S.A. Ship Design and Research Centre. The control system is based on an 8-bit AVR microcontroller and consists of two cascading PID controllers. The digital system replaced the previous analogue system from 1974 and has been integrated with the existing sensors and actuators of the wavemaker. The new control system allows to obtain...
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OPERATION OF TWO-SHAFT GAS TURBINE IN THE RANGE OF OPEN ANTI-SURGE VALVE
PublikacjaThis paper presents experimental tests of full-scale two-shaft gas turbine in the range of open anti-surge valve (ASV). The tests were carried out in a laboratory gas- turbine test stand belonging to Department of Automation and Power Engineering , Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology , Gdańsk University of Technology. The tests covered the start-up and low load operation of the turbine set in the range of open...
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Virtual reality as a tool for development and simulation. Research projects and experience of the Gdańsk University of Technology
PublikacjaBy supporting the human imagination, virtual reality technology can be applied in almost every human activity. This is evidenced by the cooperation of the Immersive 3D Visualization Lab with specialists representing such different professions from architects and artists, astronomers and chemists, through historians and museologists, criminologists and military educators, mechanical and ship engineers, up to physicians and psychologists....
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AN ENERGY APPROACH TO THE FATIGUE LIFE OF SHIP PROPULSION SYSTEMS
PublikacjaThe conducted research investigations aimed to carry out an identification of the constructional materials fatigue state of the ship propulsions’ rotational mechanical units for diagnostic purposes. The fatigue cracks of the elements transmitting mechanical energy streams from the propulsion engines to the ship propellers or to the generators of the ship’s electric power station stand for a primary reason for the secondary, usually...
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Evaluation of Response Amplitude Operator of Ship Roll Motions Based on the Experiments in White Noise Waves
PublikacjaEvaluation of the response amplitude operator (RAO) function for ship wave frequency motions by means of scale model tests in regular waves is a standard procedure conducted by hydrodynamic model testing institutions. The resulting RAO function allows for evaluating sufficiently reliable seakeeping predictions for low to moderate sea states. However, for standard hull forms, correct prediction of roll motion in irregular wave (and...
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Tracking of the broadband source of the underwater noise in the very shallow water conditions
PublikacjaThe paper contains the result s, both theoretical and experimental , connected with the tracking of the underwater noise source as small ships, pontoon , diver and so on. The pro blem of security in the shallow water area is the challenge for underwater acousticians. In this paper there is take n into account the detection of the sources that move on the surface of the sea or underwater in shallow...
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Pre-swirl energy saving device in marine application
PublikacjaThis paper covers topics of energy saving device (ESD) with application to marine propulsors. The form of ESD, considered in this paper, consists of fixed lifting foils mounted in front of the screw propeller (the pre-swirl stator/guide vanes). An algorithm for designing propulsion systems, consisting of guide vanes and screw propeller, is presented. The proposed method relies on hybrid lifting line (guide vanes)-lifting surface...
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Determining and visualizing safe motion parameters of a ship navigating in severe weather conditions
PublikacjaThe paper presents a method of determining, organizing and displaying ship collision avoidance information, which is based on the Collision Threat Parameters Area (CTPA) technique. The method makes it possible to visualize navigational threats as well as possible collision avoidance manoeuvres. The solution is focused on supporting navigation in severe weather conditions. Normally collision avoidance decisions are made taking into...
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Generation and Propagation of Nonlinear Waves in a Towing Tank
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of the research focused on linear and nonlinear wave generation and propagation in a deepwater towing tank equipped with a single flap-type wavemaker of variable draft. The problem of wave generation and propagation has been theoretically formulated and solved by applying an analytical method; linear and nonlinear solutions were obtained. The linear solution has been verified experimentally. The...
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Full-scale CFD simulations for the determination of ship resistance as a rational, alternative method to towing tank experiments
PublikacjaResults of ship resistance predictions obtained from towing tank experiments are affected by the method used to extrapolate from a model scale to a ship scale. Selection of method to determine a form factor is subjective and the extrapolation method is accurate for typical hull forms. For innovative hull forms the proper method for calculating the form factor is questionable. Moreover, the influence of the extrapolation method...
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: simulation results
PublikacjaThe Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories is a method solving multi-ship encounter situations. For given positions and motion parameters the method finds a near optimal set of safe trajectories of all ships involved in an encounter. The paper briefly presents foundations of the method and focuses on simulation results for selected test cases based on the Baltic Basin. The computer simulations cover both open waters and restricted...
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The influence of compensate coils on own ship magnetic field
PublikacjaA ferromagnetic object placed in the earth magnetic field causes a local disturbance in this field distribution. The field distribution disturbance is a function of many arguments like the dimensoins and shape of the object, its ferromagnetic properties ande its positon in relation to the earth magnetic field. in order to minimize the influence of this disturbance one places compensate coils on the ship. Some chosen results of...
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THE POSSIBILITIES OF ESTIMATING THE RELIABILITY OF SHIP PIPELINES’ ELEMENTS INCLUDING DESTRUCTIVE PHENOMENA ACTING ON THEM
PublikacjaIn the article an approach to the problem of estimating reliability data based on physical models is proposed. The possibility of reliability assessment for selected elements of ship pipelines, based on the recognition of the destructive physical phenomena taking place in them, is discussed. To do this, an overview of these phenomena has been made. In addition, a preliminary review of existing measures of destruction of materials...
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Comparison of selected parametric methods for prediction of inland waterways ship hull resistance in towing tank test
PublikacjaIn the paper selected approximate methods for calculation of inland waterways ship resistance and their verification by towing tests, compared on the example of a small urban ferry, are presented. The test results are made for both the bare hull and the hull with appendages (skeg, azimuthal propeller). Significant differences between results of the theoretical methods and experimental ones, especially in the case of the model with...
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Negative impact of constant RPM control strategy on ship NOx emission in waves
PublikacjaIn severe wave conditions, the ship propulsion system is loaded with high fluctuations due to external disturbances. The highly fluctuating loads enforce radical changes in the main engine torque, which in turn demands variation of the fuel rate injected into the cylinders if a constant rotational speed strategy is applied. Therefore, the temperature of gases varies to a large extent during the combustion process in the cylinders....
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Ship Evolutionary Trajectory Planning Method with Application of Polynomial Interpolation
PublikacjaPaper presents the application of evolutionary algorithms and polynomial interpolation in ship evolutionary trajectory planning method. Evolutionary algorithms allows to find a coIlision free trajectory in real time, while polynomial interpolation allows to model smooth trajectory which keeps continuity of velocity and acceleration values along path. Combination of this two methods allows to find trajectory, which under some assumptions,...
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PROBLEMS OF EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF COEFFICIENTS OF THE WEAR OF SHIP PIPING SYSTEMS
PublikacjaThe article presents series of considerations relating to experimental evaluation of the reliability of ship piping systems. The aim of this study is to attempt to answer the following questions: What should be the tested element? How to choose the diameter of the tested item? What should be the result of measurements and calculations? How to measure? How to choose the duration of the test? How to choose the sample size and elaborate...
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Combined thrust radial bearing of a submarine main shaft – Design and analysis of failure
PublikacjaThis paper presents an analysis of the combined thrust radial bearing of a submarine propulsion shaft. The lubrication system of the bearing is based on a fixed ring. The efficiency of the lubrication system depends on the shaft speed and temperature, which affects oil viscosity. In turn, the thrust bearing load also depends on the rotational speed of the shaft, because as the speed increases, the drag of the ship increases simultaneously,...
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SAILING ROUTE PLANNING METHOD CONSIDERING VARIOUS USER CATEGORIES
PublikacjaThe article describes the methodology related to determining the multi-criteria routes for sailing ships. Details of sea area discretisation and discretisation of the description of the sailing vessel properties and manoeuvring principles are shown. User requirements were specified (for five different categories of users) and on this basis the criteria for selecting the most suitable shipping route were formulated. The presented...
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A Generative Approach to Hull Design for a Small Watercraft
PublikacjaIn the field of ocean engineering, the task of spatial hull modelling is one of the most complicated problems in ship design. This study presents a procedure applied as a generative approach to the design problems for the hull geometry of small vessels using elements of concurrent design with multi-criteria optimisation processes. Based upon widely available commercial software, an algorithm for the mathematical formulation of...
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Ship Dynamic Positioning Based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control
PublikacjaThe presented work explores the simulation test results of using nonlinear model predictive control algorithm for ship dynamic positioning. In the optimization task, a goal function with a penalty was proposed with a variable prediction step. The results of the proposed control algorithm were compared with backstepping and PID. The effect of estimation accuracy on the control quality with the implemented algorithms was investigated....
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REVIEW OF WEATHER FORECAST SERVICES FOR SHIP ROUTING PURPOSES
PublikacjaWeather data is nowadays used in a variety of navigational and ocean engineering research problems: from the obvious ones like voyage planning and routing of sea-going vessels, through the analysis of stability-related phenomena, to detailed modelling of ships’ manoeuvrability for collision avoidance purposes. Apart from that, weather forecasts are essential for passenger cruises and fishing vessels that want to avoid the risk...
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PREDICTION OF SHIP MOTIONS IN IRREGULAR WAVES BASED ON RESPONSE AMPLITUDE OPERATORS EVALUATED EXPERIMENTALLY IN NOISE WAVES
PublikacjaThe most common methods for predicting ship roll motions in a specified sea state are direct measurements of motions in a representative irregular wave realisation (time domain) or calculations of motions from response amplitude operators (RAOs) in the frequency domain. The result of the first method is valid only for the tested sea state, whilst the second method is more flexible but less accurate. RAO-based predictions are calculated...