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Search results for: charge density waves
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Absence of superconductivity in fluorine-doped neptunium pnictide NpFeAsO
PublicationX-ray diffraction, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on the transurarium oxypnictides NpFeAsO and NpFeAsO0.85F0.15 are presented. No superconductivity down to 2 K was observed upon fluorine doping, contrary to the structurally analogous rare-earth pnictides. No modification of the phonon density of states was observed upon doping with fluorine. We discuss our results in light of...
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Numerical modeling of the combustion in a lab-scale pulverized-coal fired combustion chamber
PublicationThis work presents results of numerical modeling of the combustion process inside a lab-scale drop-tube chamber, designed to investigate the slagging properties of the flue ashes, created through the solid fuel firing. Interaction between turbulence and chemistry is accounted by use of probability density function (PDF). FLUENT inputs for non-premixed combustion chemistry modeling are defined. A discrete second phase of the coal...
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KOLMOGOROV EQUATION SOLUTION: MULTIPLE SCATTERING EXPANSION AND PHOTON STATISTICS EVOLUTION MODELING
PublicationWe consider a formulation of the Cauchy problem for the Kolmogorov equation which corresponds to a localized source of particles to be scattered by a medium with a given scattering amplitude density. The multiple scattering amplitudes are introduced and the corresponding series solution of the equation is constructed. We investigate the integral representation for the first series terms, its estimations and values of the photon...
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Numerical modeling of the combustion in a lab-scale pulverized-coal fired combustion chamber
PublicationThis work presents results of numerical modeling of the combustion process inside a lab-scale drop-tube chamber, designed to investigate the slagging properties of the flue ashes, created through the solid fuel firing. Interaction between turbulence and chemistry is accounted by use of probability density function (PDF). FLUENT inputs for non-premixed combustion chemistry modeling are defined. A discrete second phase of the coal...
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Theory of valence-band and core-level photoemission from plutonium dioxide
PublicationThe correlated-band theory implemented as a combination of the local-density approximation with the dynamical mean-field theory is applied to PuO2. An insulating electronic structure, consistent with the experimental valence-band photoemission spectra, is obtained. The calculations yield a nonmagnetic ground state that is characterized by a noninteger filling of the plutonium 5f shell. The noninteger filling as well as the satellites...
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A device for measuring heat flux on a rocket skin surface
PublicationA novel method for measuring heat flux on a surface is presented. It is an extensive upgrade of currently known heat flux sensors used mostly in civil engineering. As the thermal environment of launchers, especially sounding rocket can have an enormous negative effect on payload, careful considerations have to be taken in the process of preparing insulation. Usually, thermal data provided by the launch vehicle manufacturer is limited...
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Injury Prediction Models for Onshore Road Network Development
PublicationIntegrating different modes of transport (road, rail, air and water) is important for port cities. To accommodate this need, new transport hubs must be built such as airports or sea ports. If ports are to grow, they must be accessible, a feature which is best achieved by building new roads, including fast roads. Poland must develop a network of fast roads that will provide good access to ports. What is equally important is to upgrade...
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Structure and electric transport properties of Ca-doped bulk PrBa2Cu3O7−δ
PublicationThe crystal structure and electric transport properties of Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7- delta (x= 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5) bulk ceramic samples, prepared by the standard solid-state reaction in air, were examined by X-ray power diffraction, resistivity measurements and room temperature thermoelectric power determination. Ca atoms introduce additional holes to the system as well as structural defects. The orthorhombic-to-tetragonal structural...
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Properties of Barium Cerate-Zirconate Thin Films
PublicationIn this work, we review several experimental results showing the electrical properties of barium cerate-zirconate thin films and discuss them in view of the possible influence of various factors on their properties. Most of the presented Ba(Ce, Zr, Y)O3 thin films were formed by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, however thin films prepared using other methods, like RF magnetron sputtering, electron-beam deposition, powder...
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π-Conjugated Donor-acceptor Polyelectrolytes: Toward Artificial Photosynthesis
PublicationGreat advances have been made in the development of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), which provide tunable properties including water solubility and processability, main-chain exciton and charge transport, variable energy light absorption and fluorescence, non-covalent interactions, and formation of tertiary structures via self-assembly.[1] These characteristics allow CPEs to be considered for use in various optoelectronic applications,...
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Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen doped TiO2 nanotubes prepared by anodic oxidation: The effect of applied voltage, anodization time and amount of nitrogen dopant
PublicationNitrogen doped TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by anodizing Ti foils in an organic electrolyte containing specified amounts of urea as nitrogen precursor. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by analyzing the degradation kinetics of phenol in water. The influence of tubes’ length, tubes’ surface morphology and amount of nitrogen in the TiO2 lattice on hydroxyl radical formation efficiency, photocatalytic...
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Novel method for metal-oxide glass composite fabrication for use in thermoelectric devices
PublicationA novel method for thermoelectric materials fabrication using a reduction of oxide precursors in hydrogen was reported. On the example of Bi-Sb, Bi-Sb-Te and Te-Ag-Ge-Sb compounds it was shown that this simple and easy method is suitable for fabrication of two-, three- and even multicomponent thermoelectric materials. It allows controlling a composition, microstructure and even type a of electrical charge carriers. As a result...
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Relativistic two-dimensional hydrogen-like atom in a weak magnetic field
PublicationA two-dimensional (2D) hydrogen-like atom with a relativistic Dirac electron, placed in a weak, static, uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the atomic plane, is considered. Closed forms of the first- and second-order Zeeman corrections to energy levels are calculated analytically, within the framework of the Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory, for an arbitrary electronic bound state. The second-order calculations are...
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Magnetizability of the relativistic hydrogenlike atom in an arbitrary discrete energy eigenstate: Application of the Sturmian expansion of the generalized Dirac-Coulomb Green function
PublicationThe Sturmian expansion of the generalized Dirac--Coulomb Green function [R.\/~Szmytkowski, J.\ Phys.\ B 30 (1997) 825; erratum 30 (1997) 2747] is exploited to derive a closed-form expression for the magnetizability of an arbitrary discrete state of the relativistic one-electron atom with a point-like, spinless and motionless nucleus of charge $Ze$. The result has the form of a double finite sum involving the generalized hypergeometric...
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Three phase transient model of wet coal pyrolysis
PublicationA one-dimensional transient mathematical model was developed to describe the thermal and flow phenomena during coal pyrolysis in a coke oven. The model was solved numerically using partly implicit methods for gas flow and heat transfer problems. It was successfully validated with industrial-scale measurements of temperature change in the middle-plane of the coke oven chamber. The evolution of temperature and pressure, distributions...
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Evidence for solid state electrochemical degradation within a small molecule OLED
PublicationAcridone derivative have been synthesised and used as OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) emitters which were found to be electroactive. Electrochemical investigations showed a side reaction takes place inside an active layer which diminished the overall device efficiency. By using a dopant and host active layer architecture, the formation of the by product was removed. The by-product was identified as a σ-dimer formed inside an...
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Experimental and predicted physicochemical properties of monopropanolamine-based deep eutectic solvents
PublicationIn this work, the novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on 3-amino-1-propanol (AP) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) or tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) or tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) were synthesized with different molar ratios of 1: 4, 1: 6 and 1: 8 salt to AP. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy measurements were performed to provide an evidence...
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Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation
PublicationA new method of obtaining functional foam material has been proposed. The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling...
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Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of 95-Year-Old Concrete Built-In Arch Bridge
PublicationThis research aimed to determine the durability and strength of an old concrete built-in arch bridge based on selected mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the concrete. The bridge was erected in 1925 and is located in Jagodnik (northern Poland). Cylindrical specimens were taken from the side ribs connected to the top plate using a concrete core borehole diamond drill machine. The properties of the old concrete were...
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Assessment of Fuel Cells’ State of Health by Low-Frequency Noise Measurements
PublicationWe proposed applying low-frequency (flicker) noise in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells under selected loads to assess their state of health. The measurement set-up comprised a precise data acquisition board and was able to record the DC voltage and its random component at the output. The set-up estimated the voltage noise power spectral density at frequencies up to a few hundred mHz. We observed the evolution of the electrical...
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Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Insulation Properties of Lightweight Concrete
PublicationPredicting the properties of concrete before its design and application process allows for refining and optimizing its composition. However, the properties of lightweight concrete are much harder to predict than those of normal weight concrete, especially if the forecast concerns the insulating properties of concrete with artificial lightweight aggregate (LWA). It is possible to use porous aggregates and precisely modify the composition...
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Structure and properties of liquid Al–Cu alloys: Empirical potentials compared
PublicationWe report on the structure and mass transport properties of liquid Al–Cu alloys predicted by two recently-developed empirical many-body potentials: MEAM (Jelinek et al., 2012) and EAM-ADP (Apostol and Mishin, 2011), and by the well-known Gupta potential. Total and partial pair correlation functions, angular distribution functions, densities, coordination numbers and self-diffusion coefficients are compared with published experimental...
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Effects of CO2 and Nd:YAG Laser Remelting of the Ti6Al4V Alloy on the Surface Quality and Residual Stresses
PublicationThe titanium alloys are materials susceptible to tribological wear and the laser treatment can be applied in surface treatment processes to obtain for example higher hardness level. From the other side, it is important to take into consideration, that hardness increase that can be connected with cracks . The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of different lasers and the process parameters on the form and level...
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Experimental and predicted physicochemical properties of monopropanolamine-based deep eutectic solvents
PublicationIn this work, the novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on 3-amino-1-propanol (AP) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) or tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) or tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) were synthesized with different molar ratios of 1:4, 1:6 and 1:8 salt to AP. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy measurements were performed to provide an evidence...
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Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation
PublicationA new method of obtaining functional foam material has been proposed. The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling...
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An attempt to mechanistically explain the viscoelastic behavior of transparent epoxy/starch-modified ZnO nanocomposite coatings
PublicationThe effects of bare and starch-modified ZnO (ZnO-St) nanoparticles on viscoelastic and mechanical properties are studied by dynamic mechanical and tensile analyses. Transparent epoxy-based nanocomposite films are prepared by incorporating bare or starch-modified ZnO particles into the epoxy matrix. The results demonstrated that ZnO particles hindered the curing reactions and hence the final properties of the cured epoxy. As a result,...
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Analysis of the harmonic structure of the vowel /a/ taking into account the age and gender of the speaker
PublicationSound waves are disturbances propagating through an elastic medium that, upon reaching the ear, elicit auditory sensations. Sounds generated by the surroundings can be captured by a transducer (microphone), which transforms them into an electrical signal. The signal from the microphone is then transmitted to a computer, where software allows for the extraction and analysis of individual tones. This process enables the description...
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Acoustic streaming caused by some types of aperiodic sound. Buildup of acoustic streaming
PublicationThe analysis of streaming caused by aperiodic sound of different types (switched on at transducer sound or sound determined by initial conditions) is undertaken. The analysis bases on analytical governing equation for streaming Eulerian velocity, which is a result of decomposition of the hydrodynamic equations into acoustic and non-acoustic parts. Its driving force (of acoustic nature) represents a sum of two terms; one is the...
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Guided wave propagation in diagnostic of steel elements
PublicationThis paper is devoted to numerical investigations of elastic wave propagation in steel elements. The aim of this study is to conduct numerical analysis and experimental investigations on the propagation of elastic waves in steel elements in the context of damage detection. In particular, this paper is devoted to detection of damage occurring in the form of notch or changed thickness. This approach utilized the fact that any discontinuities...
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Guided wave propagation in diagnostic of steel elements
PublicationThis paper is devoted to numerical investigations of elastic wave propagation in steel elements. The aim of this study is to conduct numerical analysis and experimental investigations on the propagation of elastic waves in steel elements in the context of damage detection. In particular, this paper is devoted to detection of damage occurring in the form of notch or changed thickness. This approach utilized the fact that any discontinuities...
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Improvement of ships seakeeping performance by application of the full-scale cfd simulations
PublicationThe ship’s fuel economy is increasingly important. The paper presents the effect of redesigning a case study ship for increasing seakeeping performance. Selected wave parameters reflect very difficult operational conditions existing on the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. The analyzed variants of a case study ship represent the latest developments of modern hull forms. The concepts similar to V-shaped bulbous bow, X-bow, X-aft, B-bow...
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Application of advanced CFD simulations in seakeeping analysis of ships (case study)
PublicationThe novel design process of many types of ships needs estimation of seakeeping properties. Especially ships like Offshore Supply Vessels, Wind Farm Support Vessels, Research Vessels, ferries, military vessels, rescue vessels require extended analysis of ship behavior on rough sea. The main reason for improving ships operability in different sea conditions is need of rising efficiency of propulsion system, reducing hull added resistance,...
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Debonding Detection in Reinforced Concrete Beams with the Use of Guided Wave Propagation
PublicationOne of the most frequent damage of the reinforced concrete structures is debonding between steel bar and concrete cover. In the case of debonding occurrence not only the strength of the structure decreases, but also it is more vulnerable to corrosion damages. For this reason fast and effective methods of debonding detection in an early stage of its development need a significant boost. The paper presents analytical and experimental...
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Robust-adaptive dynamic programming-based time-delay control of autonomous ships under stochastic disturbances using an actor-critic learning algorithm
PublicationThis paper proposes a hybrid robust-adaptive learning-based control scheme based on Approximate Dynamic Programming (ADP) for the tracking control of autonomous ship maneuvering. We adopt a Time-Delay Control (TDC) approach, which is known as a simple, practical, model free and roughly robust strategy, combined with an Actor-Critic Approximate Dynamic Programming (ACADP) algorithm as an adaptive part in the proposed hybrid control...
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Design and Performance Evaluation of the Energy Subsystem of a Hybrid Light andWave Energy Harvester
PublicationThe paper presents the design and performance of an energy subsystem (ES) dedicated to hybrid energy harvesters (HEHs): wave energy converters (WECs) combined with photovoltaic panels (PVPs). The considered ES is intended for compact HEHs powering autonomous end-node devices in distributed IoT networks. The designed ES was tested experimentally and evaluated in relation to the mobile and wireless distributed communication use case....
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On refined constitutive equations in the six-field theory of elastic shells
PublicationWithin the resultant six-field shell theory, the second approximation to the complementary energy density of an isotropic elastic shell undergoing small strains is constructed. In this case, the resultant drilling couples are expressed explicitly by the stress resultants and stress couples as well as by amplitudes of the quadratic and cubic distributions of an intrinsic deviation vector. The refined 2D strain-stress and stress-strain...
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Improvement of microstructure and mechanical properties of high dense sic ceramics manufactured by high-speed hot pressing
PublicationNon-oxide ceramics possess high physical-mechanical properties, corrosion and radiation resistance, which can be used as a protective materials for radioactive wastes disposal. The aim of the present study was the manufacturing of high density SiC ceramics with advanced physical and mechanical parameters. The high performance on the properties of produced ceramics was determined by the dense and monolithic structure. The densified...
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Celebrating 50 years of SWIMs (Salt Water Intrusion Meetings)
PublicationThe Salt Water Intrusion Meetings, or SWIMs, are a series of meetings that focus on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers and other salinisation processes. 2018 marks the 50th year of the SWIM and the 25th biennial meeting. The SWIM proceedings record half a century of research progress on site characterisation, geophysical and geochemical techniques, variable-density flow, modelling, and water management. The SWIM is positioning...
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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Ni infiltrated perovskite anode
PublicationNiobium-doped strontium titanate was used as the anode for a solid oxide fuel cell. Electrolyte-supported cells were prepared with pure perovskite and composite perovskite–yttria–stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) anodes. Fuel cell tests demonstrated significant improvement in power density after infiltration with a small amount of Ni. The obtained values of power densities are comparable with conventional Ni/YSZ cermet anode. In addition,...
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Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Salts in Nonaqueous Solvents. VI. Apparent Molar Volumes, Expansibilities, and Compressibilities of Divalent Transition Metal Ions in Methanol and Dimethylsulfoxide
PublicationThe temperature dependence of the density of divalent transition metal perchlorates in dimethylsulfoxide as well as cobalt(II), nickel(II) perchlorates, and copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate in methanol was determined. Moreover, sound velocities for solutions of cobalt(II), nickel(II) perchlorates, and copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate in methanol have been measured at 298.15 K. From these data, the partial molar volumes,...
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Ellipticity of gradient poroelasticity
PublicationWe discuss the ellipticity properties of an enhanced model of poroelastic continua called dilatational strain gradient elasticity. Within the theory there exists a deformation energy density given as a function of strains and gradient of dilatation. We show that the equilibrium equations are elliptic in the sense of Douglis–Nirenberg. These conditions are more general than the ordinary and strong ellipticity but keep almost all...
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Correlated Particle Motion and THz Spectral Response of Supercritical Water
PublicationMolecular dynamics simulations of supercritical water reveal distinctly different distance-dependent modulations of dipolar response and correlations in particle motion compared to ambient conditions. The strongly perturbed H-bond network of water at supercritical conditions allows for considerable translationaland rotational freedom of individual molecules. These changes give rise to substantially different infrared spectra and...
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Synthesis and Testing of BCZY/LNZ Mixed Proton–electron Conducting Composites for Fuel Cell Applications
PublicationA composite of BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.2O3–δ and Li2O:NiO:ZnO was investigated for fuel cell applications. The composite was successfully synthesized and its phase stability was confirmed at temperatures up to 900 °C. The influence of sintering and pressing aids on density was also investigated. Electrical properties were measured. DC electrical conductivity was about 8•10-4 S/m at 845 K. Open circuit voltage measurements in wet hydrogen...
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Assessment of protective properties of rubber lining in absorbers of flue gas desulphurization systems.
PublicationResults of research on degradation of rubber lining which is the main protection of absorbers in flue gas desulphurization (FGD) systems were presented. The power plant where the system operated is lignite-fired. Owing to measurements using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and gravimetric determination of water content in the lining, the areas of the system which are most exposed to degradation were shown. The results obtained...
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Magnetic field gradient as the most useful signal for detection of flaws using MFL technique
PublicationThe magnetic flux leakage (MFL) technique is extensively used for detection of flaws as well as for evaluation of their dimensions in ferromagnetic materials. However, proper analysis of the MFL signal is hindered by the MFL sensor velocity causing distortions of this signal. Traditionally measured components of the MFL signal are particularly sensitive to the scanning velocity. In this paper, an another signal – the gradient of...
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Spectroscopic study of atmospheric pressure 915 MHz microwave plasma at high argon flow rate
PublicationIn this paper results of optical emission spectroscopic (OES) study of atmospheric pressure microwave 915 MHz argon plasma are presented. The plasma was generated in microwave plasma source (MPS) cavity- resonant type. The aim of research was determination of electron excitation temperature Texc gas temperature Tg and electron number density ne. All experimental tests were performed with a gas flow rate of 100 and 200 l/min and...
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Fluoroaromatic substituents attached to carbon nanotubes help to increase oxygen concentration on biocathode in biosensors and biofuel cells
PublicationBased on the known ability of perfluorodecalin/perfluorohydrocarbons to enhance oxygen solubility we modified oxygen sensitive biocathode by adding perfluorinated components to the catholite. This procedure improved the efficiency of the oxygen sensitive cathodes. Glassy carbon electrodes covered with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with covalently bonded perfluoroaromatic groups were shown to be more sensitive to oxygen,...
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Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Elastomers Incorporated with Thermoregulating Microcapsules
PublicationPolyurethane (PU) is one of the principal polymers in the global plastic market thanks to its versatility and continuous improvement. In this work, PU elastomeric materials having thermoregulating properties through the incorporation of microcapsules (mSD-(LDPE·EVA-RT27)) from low-density polyethylene and vinyl acetate containing paraffin®RT27 as PCM were produced. Elastomers were synthesized while varying the molar ratio [NCO]/[OH]...
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Influence of Surface Modification of Titanium and Its Alloys for Medical Implants on Their Corrosion Behavior
PublicationTitanium and its alloys are often used for long-term implants after their surface treatment. Such surface modification is usually performed to improve biological properties but seldom to increase corrosion resistance. This paper presents research results performed on such metallic materials modified by a variety of techniques: direct voltage anodic oxidation in the presence of fluorides, micro-arc oxidation (MAO), pulse laser treatment,...
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Optical and electrical properties of boron doped diamond thin conductive films deposited on fused silica glass substrates
PublicationThis paper presents boron-doped diamond (BDD) film as a conductive coating for optical and electronic purposes. Seeding and growth processes of thin diamond films on fused silica have been investigated. Growth processes of thin diamond films on fused silica were investigated at various boron doping level and methane admixture. Two step pre-treatment procedure of fused silica substrate was applied to achieve high seeding density....