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Search results for: TRI-LAYER ELECTROLYTE
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The effect of multiaxial geocomposite reinforcement on fatigue performance and crack propagation delay in double-layered asphalt beams
PublicationThe presented study investigates the effect of a recently developed multiaxial geocomposite made of polypropylene geogrid and non-woven fabric on the delay of crack propagation, based on four-point bending tests of large asphalt concrete beams – both for reinforced and non-reinforced specimens. Several approaches are described in this study, including analysis of stiffness modulus decrease and analysis of crack propagation using...
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Wytwarzanie i modyfikacja powierzchni porowatych struktur tytanowych przeznaczonych na implanty
PublicationCelem pracy było wytworzenie stopu Ti-13Nb-13Zr z wykorzystaniem technologii selektywnego topienia laserowego (SLM) oraz jego biofunkcjonalizacja za pomocą utleniania mikrołukowego (MAO), a następnie określenie wpływu parametrów procesowych na właściwości otrzymanych materiałów pod kątem ich zastosowania na implanty. Oceniono wpływ napięcia, natężenia i czasu procesu MAO przeprowadzanego w elektrolicie zawierającym wapń i fosfor...
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Effective dielectric constant of two phase dielectric systems
PublicationW tym artykule model brick-layer ścianie został rozszerzony na dwufazowe systemy perkolacyjne. Porównano wyniki obliczeń z danymi eksperymentalnymi. Stałe dielektryczne obu faz oraz próg perkolacji pozwala na wyznaczenie efektywnej stałej dielektrycznej systemu dwufazowego.
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Heat tint colours on stainless steel and welded joints
PublicationSurface layer condition of stainless steels and welded joints influences strongly their corrosion resistance. This problem seems to be underestimated. This current study explains the phenomenon of heat tint forming on welds, the methods of its removal, inspection procedures after heat tint removing and post weld finishing
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Badanie właściwości czujników wilgotności na bazie nanocząstek tlenku cynku
PublicationW celu pomiaru wilgotności szeroko stosowane są czujniki elektryczne. Warstwą czynną, zmieniającą swoje właściwości pod wpływem pary wodnej, stanowią najczęściej materiały ceramiczne lub polimerowe. Tlenek cynku jest jednym z materiałów ceramicznych będących dobrym kandydatem do zastosowania go jako warstwy czynną w czujnikach wilgotności. W tej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości struktur czujnikowych z warstwą tlenku...
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Aktywny system RFID do lokalizacji i identyfikacji obiektów w wielomodalnej infrastrukturze bezpieczeństwa
PublicationPrzedstawiono prace koncepcyjne, badawcze oraz implementacyjne skoncentrowane na praktycznej realizacji systemu detekcji obiektów z wykorzystaniem kamer wizyjnych i identyfikacji radiowej. Zaproponowano rozbudowę wielomodalnego teleinformatycznego systemu bezpieczeństwa o warstwę identyfikacji radiowej obiektów. Omówiono założenia zaprojektowanego systemu oraz opracowaną warstwę sprzętową. Zaproponowano i przedyskutowano praktyczne...
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Optimalization of TiO2 nanotube geometry using fuzzy reasoning approach
PublicationThe geometry of TiO2 nanotube layer on titanium, obtained by electrochemical anodization, has been determined by using fuzzy reasoning approach. A proposed method showed the possibility of nanotube array architecture optimization by choosing an appropriate anodization condition. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) was utilized using Matlab Software.
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Estimating the Average Speed of Public Transport Vehicles Based on Traffic Control System Data
PublicationIntelligent Transport Systems are a valuable source of traffic information, covering both private and public vehicles. The main problem, however, is that very few studies are conducted to determine the speed of buses, trams and trolleys in urban networks in relation to traffic conditions. The paper investigates how ITS systems data could be used to model the speed of Public Transport vehicles. This is now possible thanks to the...
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Symmetrical and unsymmetrical diphosphanes with diversified alkyl, aryl and amino substituents
PublicationWe present the comprehensive study of diphosphanes with diversified substituents regarding their syntheses, structures, and properties. To this end, we have synthesized a series of novel unsymmetrical alkyl, aryl and amino-substituted diphosphanes of the general formula R1R2P-PR3R4 (where R1, R2, R3, R4 = tBu, Ph, Et2N or iPr2N) via salt metathesis reactionof halophosphanes with metal phosphides in high yield. We vastly expanded...
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A 3D-FEM mesh technique for fast analysis of waveguide problems containing rotatable tuning elements
PublicationIn this paper a meshing technique for 3D Finite Element Method is presented. It allows for fast analysis and optimization of the waveguide structures, which contain rotatable tuning elements. In the proposed procedure a thin layer of varying cylindrical mesh buffer is introduced in order to reuse unchanged mesh and FEM matrices in the rest of the domain.
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Pavement ageing influence on tyre/road noise
PublicationRoad surface should be constructed in a way that ensures safe and comfortable traffic conditions, not only when it is newly paved but also during its entire lifetime. An important factor in the asphalt mixture design process is also the expected pavement durability and stability of pavement properties over time. In many countries, road surface starts to play a significant role in traffic noise reduction actions. Selecting a particular...
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Spectral Finite Element Method in Condition Monitoring and Damage Detection
PublicationIt is well known that the dynamic behaviour of engineering structures may carry very important and crucial information that can be further used for the assessment of their condition as well as detection of any damage induced. The current interest in monitoring techniques based on the propagation of guided elastic waves requires that numerical techniques used for modelling the phenomena associated must shift into the realm of high...
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Opinie młodych konsumentów na temat oznakowani opakowań kawy i herbaty
PublicationCelem pracy jest poznanie opinii i świadomości młodych konsumentów w zakresie oznakowania opakowań herbaty i kawy w świetle obowiązujących regulacji prawnych. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 78 studentów trójmiejskich uczelni deklarujących nabywanie i konsumpcję herbaty oraz kawy. Zdecydowana większość respondentów (ponad 90%) stwierdziła, że informacje umieszczane na opakowaniach kawy i herbaty są napisane czytelnie oraz zrozumiałym...
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Wpływ usług on-line na budowanie pozytywnych relacji i lojalności klienta
PublicationW artykule omówiono wybrane problemy projektowe dotyczące współczesnych usług on-line w kontekście budowania trwałej lojalności klienta. Przedstawiono model warstwowego rozwoju usług on-line wraz z zaleceniami projektowymi zorientowanymi na budowanie i wzmacnianie lojalności klienta. Przedstawiono przykłady scenariuszy rozwoju usług e-zdrowia online. Przedstawiono możliwości dalszego rozwoju prezentowanego podejścia i plany dalszych...
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Localized impedance measurements of AA2024 and AA2024-T3 performed by means of AFM in contact mode
PublicationPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) based approach to local impedance spectroscopy (LIS) measurement performed on AA2024 and AA2024-T3 aluminium alloys. Design/methodology/approach: AFM-LIS measurements were performed ex-situ without the electrolyte environment, so in fact the electrical not electrochemical impedance was obtained. Findings: Relative local impedance values...
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Laser induced formation of copper species over TiO2 nanotubes towards enhanced water splitting performance
PublicationWe proposed fast and scalable route where the ordered TiO2 nanotubes coated with thin copper layers were annealed by the laser beam of 355 nm wavelength at different fluencies in the range of 15–120 mJ/cm2. As a result, copper species are integrated with the titania substrate and the formed material exhibits unique optical absorption bands in the visible range. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals the formation...
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The optimization of CuxO microwires synthesis for improvement in photoelectrochemical performance
PublicationOne of the most important challenges in the fabrication of CuxO microstructures via the electrochemical method is formation of long, regular and well-packed microwires with good adhesion on the Cu substrate and to achieve better photoelectrochemical properties, which can be potentially applied in solar-driven water splitting and CO2 conversion to light hydrocarbons. In this paper, Cu2O photoelectrode has been fabricated by direct...
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Recent advances in electrochemically surface treated titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications: A review of anodic and plasma electrolytic oxidation methods
PublicationNowadays, titanium and its alloys are widely used materials in implantology. Nevertheless, the greatest challenge is still its appropriate surface treatment in order to induce optimal properties, which facilitates formation of a permanent bond between the implant and human tissue. The use of electrochemical treatment such as anodic oxidation or plasma electrolytic oxidation allows for the production of porous coating that mimics...
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The bismuth vanadate thin layers modified by cobalt hexacyanocobaltate as visible-light active photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
PublicationBismuth vanadate thin films deposited using the pulsed laser deposition technique were modified using cobalt hexacyanocobaltate (Cohcc). The 2-step method of Cohcc nanocubes preparation was applied: i) metallic cobalt deposition and ii) cobalt electrooxidation in Co(CN)63− containing electrolyte. The presence of CN stretching vibrations was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The energy band gap was equal to 2.5 eV and was estimated...
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Preparation and Characterization of Nanomaterial Consisting of Silica Aerogel & Carbon Tested as an Electrode in Non-Aqueous Media Containing Lithium Salt.
PublicationSilica aerogel (SiO2ag) was combined with carbonaceous material in the pyrolysis process of hydrocarbons. The obtained nanocomposite SiO2ag/C was amorphous, partially preserving the porous structure of SiO2ag. The specific surface area changes from 445.6 m2/g for pure SiO2ag to 205.52 m2/g SiO2ag/C. The 29Si MAS-NMR shows a three-dimensional matrix with silicon atoms connected to other silicon atoms by four...
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Badania połączeń spawanych rurociągu wody pitnej we Włocławku, ang. Welding joints tests in drinking water pipeline.
PublicationCelem badań opisanych w pracy było określenie przyczyn korozji powstałej w strefie wpływu ciepła (SWC) w obwodowych połączeniach spawanych w rurociągu wody pitnej. Materiałem, z którego wykonano rurociąg to stal 304/304L. W obszarze złącza spawanego stwierdzono wżery inicjowane od niezgodności geometrycznych, gdzie mogły gromadzić się osady zwiększające udział chlorków bezpośrednio przy powierzchni rury, promujące tym procesy korozyjne....
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New RFID readers for scalable RFID system
PublicationRFID systems gives the opportunity to have wide access control integrated with the monitoring of people and goods flow. System's scalability is one of the most important features in such systems as they enable large scale deployments. The concept of the proposed reader's architecture employs new RFID transceivers and microcontrollers, security algorithms which gives very high functionality at low price. Special treatment of system's...
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Fiber-optic sensors based on microspheres with nanocoatings (Zastosowanie mikrosfer optycznych z cienkowarstwowymi pokryciami w czujnikach światłowodowych)
PublicationTemperature is one of the most important physical quantities. Temperature measurements are used in every field of life, especially electronics, electrical engineering, energy-related fields, including energy source and storage devices. The goal of this dissertation is to design and optimize the microsphere-based fiber-optic sensors construction for measurement of the sensor surrounding medium temperature, including selection of...
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Additive Effect of Bromides and Chlorides on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated via Sequential Deposition
PublicationA two-step sequential deposition method has been applied to prepare the solar cells with two types of perovskites Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(I0.95Cl0.05)3 and Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(I0.95Br0.05)3. In order to obtain the perovskite layers, the different sources of bromine and chlorine atoms were used for synthesis. The performance and time stability of chloride-based photocells are worse in comparison to the bromide-based devices. It can be explained...
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In-situ monitoring of electropolymerization processes at boron-doped diamond electrodes by Mach-Zehnder interferometer
PublicationIn this work, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer was designed to monitor the electrochemical processes conducted at boron-doped diamond electrode surface. The diamond electrodes were synthesized via Microwave Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition on optical grade quartz glass. The achieved transmittance in working are of diamond electrodes reached 55 %. A cage system-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used which allowed the...
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Effect of adhesive compliance in the assessment of soft adhesives with the wedge test
PublicationWedge tests are usually analysed assuming that the free, unbonded members may be treated as encastré cantilever beams. However, if the adhesive layer is sufficiently flexible (e.g., due to low elastic modulus), then significant strain in the bonded region may occur and lead to modification of the behaviour outside this region. Using in conjunction a sensitive strain gauge method on asymmetric wedge tests and a mathematical analysis...
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Sodium alginate decreases the permeability of intestinal mucus
PublicationIn the small intestine the nature of the environment leads to a highly heterogeneous mucus layer primarily composed of the MUC2 mucin. We set out to investigate whether the soluble dietary fibre sodium alginate could alter the permeability of the mucus layer. The alginate was shown to freely diffuse into the mucus and to have minimal effect on the bulk rheology when added at concentrations below 0.1%. Despite this lack of interaction...
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Stability of thin film diamond mirror for applications in interferometers under the short-time exposure on selected aggressive chemicals
PublicationIn presented study a thin boron-doped diamond film was proposed for application in the interferometry as a highly durable optical mirror. The unique properties of the diamond films, like high chemical stability and hardness, allow them to be used even in the chemically aggressive environment, where the commonly used silver mirrors can be susceptible to damage. The investigated nanodiamond layer was fabricated by uPE CVD method...
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Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys
PublicationThe presence of the oxide layers on Zr alloys may retard or enhance the hydrogen entry and material degradation, depending on the layer features. This research has been aimed to determine the effects of pre-oxidation of the Zircaloy-2 alloy at a different temperature on hydrogen degradation. The specimens were oxidised in laboratory air at 350°C, 700°C, and 900°C. After, some samples were tensed at 10-5 strain rate and simultaneously...
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Highly stable organic–inorganic junction composed of hydrogenated titania nanotubes infiltrated by a conducting polymer
PublicationA poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conducting polymer doped with poly(2-styrene sulfonate) (pEDOT:PSS) was efficiently electrodeposited on a layer composed of ordered titania nanotubes. TiO2 nanotubes were formed during an anodization process and, after calcinations, a layer was subjected to hydrogen plasma. Hydrogenation leads to Ti(III) formation, a decrease in resistance, and a huge increase of donor density when compared with...
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Application of the expanded clay aggregate in form of granular materials for water treatment
PublicationThe paper aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Filtralite MonoMulti compared to the conventional dual-media filter beds comprising silica sand layer covered with anthracite coal. Filtralite media are composed of processed (expanded), highly porous clay products characterized by relatively rough grain surfaces. In order to compare these different media filters in a reliable way, the pilot filter columns operated in parallel, under...
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Results after grinding C45 steel
Open Research DataThe database contains results from nanoindenter, scanning microscope and also X-ray diffractometer. To determine the residual stresses and the size of the crystallites in the ferrite grains in the grinded surface layer, the Williamson Hall analysis of the X-ray diffraction patterns was performed. XRD diffraction patterns were also used to perform a...
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Influence of meteorogical conditions om PM10 concentration in Gdańsk
PublicationThe paper presents the investigation of influence of meteorological conditions on the concentration of PM!) in Gdańsk in 2011 year. on the examples of episodes og high concentrations in this year. The results have shown the most crucial factors for high episodes of PM10: anticyclone atmospheric circulation, stable atmosphere conditions, low wind velocity and the occurence of inversion layer.
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Uszkodzenia wielowarstwowych posadzek betonowych
PublicationPosadzki wielowarstwowe to często projektowane elementy wewnętrznego wykończenia budowli. Mają bardzo duży wpływ na kształtowanie architektoniczne wnętrz oraz zapewnienie właściwych warunków użytkowania. W artykule przedstawiono przyczyny wystąpienia uszkodzeń posadzki w postaci rys i spękań. Górna trudno ścieralna warstwa posadzki grubości ok. 20 mm została wykonana metodą „mokre na suche”.
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Efekty egoistycznych ataków na poziomie mac w sieciach ad hoc o topologii wieloskokowej
PublicationStacje sieci ad hoc mogą manipulować parametrami dostępu do medium transmisyjnego dla osiągnięcia nienależnie wysokiej jakości usług. Dla środowiska sieci ad hoc o topologii wieloskokowej rozważane są ataki na mechanizmy odłożenia transmisji i klasyfikacji ruchu, przeprowadzane zarówno w stosunku do przepływów źródłowych jak i tranzytowych. Wyniki pozwalają wstępnie ocenić efekty takich ataków oraz skuteczność mechanizmów obronnych.
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Materiały dla jednowarstwowych ogniw paliwowych
PublicationA composite material, which may be further applied as a single layer fuel cell, was synthesizes using solid state synthesis method. Composite consisted of two components. The first was a nanoeramic proton conductor - calcium doped lanthanum niobate. The second one was a nanoceramic semiconductor oxide composed of lithium, nickel and zinc oxides respectively.
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Self-Organizing Wireless Monitoring System for Containers
PublicationThis paper presents a description of new global monitoring system for containers, with its layer-modular structure, as a solution for enhance security and efficiency of container transport with particular emphasis on the practical implementation of that system for maritime container terminals. Especially the Smart Container Module (SCM) architecture and its operation as a part of the Self-Organizing Container Monitoring Network...
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Wireless LAN with noncooperative anonymous stations: QOS provisioning via war of attrition
PublicationMAC-layer QoS provision necessitates an admission scheme to grant a requested QoS notwithstanding subse-quent requests. For an ad hoc WLAN with anonymous stations, we assume a degree of power awareness to propose a session- rather than frame-level bidding for bandwidth. Next we analyze the underlying Bayesian war of attrition game.
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Self-organizing wireless monitoring system for cargo containers
PublicationThis paper presents a description of new global monitoring system for containers with its layer-modular structure, as a solution for enhance security and efficiency of container transport with particular emphasis on the practical implementation of that system for maritime container terminals. Especially the Smart Container Module (SCM) architecture and its operation as a part of the Self-Organizing ContainerMonitoring Network is...
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Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) as simple and useful sample preparation technique for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust
PublicationIn the present study a novel analytical procedure for the determination of polybrominated diphenylethers in dust samples was developed.The main aim of the research was the selection of the optimum conditions of the matrix solid-phasedispersion before thefinal determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in dust samples. In order toassess the best usefulness of this technique, a favourable ratio of sample amount to the mass ofdispersing...
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Sensitive simultaneous determination of 19 fluorobenzoic acids in saline waters by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
PublicationA solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using C18 stationary phase was optimized for the preconcentration of 19 fluorinated derivatives of benzoic acid (FBA): mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrafluorosubstituted in the ring, trifluoromethylbenzoic acid and 3,5-bistrifluoromethyl benzoic acid from undiluted salt-rich (>20%) reservoir waters. Quantitative (>90%) retention/elution of 16 out of 19 analyte compounds was achieved allowing a...
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Aggregation properties of some zirconium phosphate loaded with dirhenium(III) complexes
PublicationOne of the important areas of modern science is the selection of the right forms of drug delivery. Layered inorganic nanoparticles, such as zirconium phosphate, have proven themselves well in this area. The study of the properties of these systems and methods of their preparation makes it possible to determine a rational technology of their manufacture, storage conditions as well as suggest a possible mechanism of therapeutic action....
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Prototypowy czujnik do oznaczania lotnych związków opganicznych w powietrzu
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano prototypowy elektrochemiczny czujnik zbudowany na bazie cieczy jonowej do oznaczania związków z grupy lotnych związków organicznych (LZO). W czujniku zostały użyte komercyjne elektrody firmy DropSens. w postaci pasków z nadrukowanymi elektrodami na ceramicznym podłożu. Jako elektrolit i środowisko reakcji redox wykorzystano następujące ciecze jonowe: dicyjanoamid 1-butylo-3-metyloimidazoliowy ([BMIM][N(CN2)]),...
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Modelling of some stealth features for a small navy ship at the concept design stage - part II
PublicationIn the paper a few problems associated with modelling the basic stealth features for a small ship at the concept design stage are introduced. One problem concerns the modification of the immersed ship hull using the rapid change of the ship loading condition. The second is associated with the modification of the ship boundary layer by the hull skin cover. The other stealth features of the ship are not presented in this paper. The...
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Sea bottom structure investigation by means of acoustic methods
PublicationThe main aim of the paper is the result of experimental investigations of the seabed in the Gulf of Gdańsk arried out using parametric echosounder as a main measuring tool. Examination of the surface's upper layer of the seabed, especially is acoustic properties, reflecting most often transsmision and reflection properties of the incident elastic wave, could be a valuable material for determination of the stratification, and the...
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Preparation of Hydrogen Electrodes of Solid Oxide Cells by Infiltration: Effects of the Preparation Procedure on the Resulting Microstructure
PublicationIn this work, the infiltration technique was used to produce hydrogen electrodes for solid oxide cells. Different infiltration methodologies were tested in order to try to shorten the infiltration cycle time. The porous scaffolds used for infiltration were based on highly porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) obtained by etching the reduced nickel from the Ni-YSZ cermet in HNO3 acid. The support had a complex structure which...
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Influence of Surface Laser Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses of Titanium and its Alloys
PublicationSurface modification of the titanium and its alloys used in implantology with a long-pulse laser can change the surface topography, but it also leads to changes in the stress sign and magnitude in the resulting subsurface layer. The presented research was aimed at evaluating the state of stress after laser remelting with the Nd:YAG laser of pre-etched titanium alloys Ti6Al4V and Ti13Nb13Zr and pure titanium. The obtained surface...
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Tribological Properties of Ni-P/Si3N4 Nanocomposite Layers Deposited by Chemical Reduction Method on Aluminum Alloy AW-7075
PublicationThe article presents the results of tribological tests of Ni-P/Si3N4 nanocomposite and Ni-P nickel layers deposited on the AW-7075 aluminum alloy by chemical reduction method, and the AW-7075 alloy without coating. Nanocomposite layers were produced using Si3N4 siliconnitride in the form of a polydisperse powder whose particle sizes ranged from 20 to 25 nm. The influence of the content of the dispersion phase layer material on...
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Fatigue Bending of V-Notched Cold-Sprayed FeCoCrNiMn Coatings
PublicationCold-spray coatings were produced by FeCoCrNiMn high-entropy alloy powders deposited on carbon steel substrate. The coatings were realized at intermediate temperature and high pressure (at 1100 °C and 7 MPa). The coating microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, revealing a very dense deposition and high flattening ratio of the splatted particles. This had a large influence on the...
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Role of bead sequence in underwater welding
PublicationThis paper presents examinations of the role of the bead sequence in underwater welding. Two specimens of wet welded layers made by covered electrodes with the use of normalized S355G10+N steel were welded by a reasonable bead sequence. For each specimen, metallographic macro- and micro-scopic tests were done. Then, Vickers HV10 hardness measurements were conducted for each pad weld in the welded layer. The results show that welding...