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OCENA PRZYDATNOŚCI WIELOWYMIAROWYCH MODELI DYSKRYMINACYJNYCH DO PROGNOZOWANIA UPADŁOŚCI PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW HANDLOWYCH
PublicationCelem badań była ocena przydatności użycia modeli opartych na wielowymiarowej analizie dyskryminacyjnej do prognozowania upadłości polskich przedsiębiorstw handlowych oraz próba zwiększenia ich sprawności poprzez zmianę wartości ich punktów granicznych. Badaniu poddano modele: E. I. Altmana „B”, D. Hadasik, A. Hołdy oraz M. Hamrola, B. Czajki i M. Piechockiego. Do oceny modeli wykorzystano iloraz szans oraz macierz klasyfikacji...
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Badania eksperymentalne słupów CFST z betonem zwykłym i ekspansywnym
PublicationPraca przedstawia badania eksperymentalne ponad 40 słupów CFST. Analizie poddano wyniki siły niszczącej słupy w aspekcie grubości stalowego płaszcza, smukłości słupa, rodzaju betonu wypełniającego stalową rurę (zwykły i ekspansywny) i jego wytrzymałości a także sposobu obciążania słupa (przez rdzeń lub przez cały przekrój). Sprawdzono efektywność słupów CFST z użyciem betonu ekspansywnego i zwykłego rozumianą jako stosunek nośności...
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Konkurencyjność w handlu usługami wybranych krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
PublicationCelem artykułu jest ocena pozycji konkurencyjnej w handlu usługami wybranych krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej – Czech, Estonii, Litwy, Łotwy, Polski, Słowacji oraz Węgier na tle gospodarki światowej. Dane wykorzystane do analizy pochodzą z bazy danych WIOD i obejmują lata 1995 – 2011. Podstawą oceny pozycji konkurencyjnej jest wskaźnik RCA obliczony na podstawie krajowej wartości dodanej oraz na podstawie eksportu brutto. Źródłem...
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Chemical Vapor Transport Route toward Black Phosphorus Nanobelts and Nanoribbons
PublicationChemical vapor transport (CVT) method is widely used for bulk black phosphorus (BP) fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate that CVT provides a route for the fabrication of BP nanoribbons and nanobelts. This method consists of a two-step procedure, including initial BP column growth using the CVT technique, followed by ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. The obtained nanostructures preserve BP column dimensions, forming...
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Electrochemical Characterization of Gelatine Derived Ceramics
PublicationNew materials obtained by pyrolysis of gelatine (G) and poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane) (PSN) (weight ratio: G/PSN 70/30) at temperatures 700 and 900 °C were characterized by SEM and Raman spectroscopy. The presence of ceramics influences on the cluster size of the materials. Electrochemical tests were performed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cyclic polarization. The capacity of G/PSN was 464 and 527 mAh/g for materials pyrolysed...
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Detailed studies of superconducting properties of Y2Pd1.25Ge2.75
PublicationWe report a successful synthesis of a high-purity intermetallic germanide Y2Pd1.25Ge2.75, crystallizing in the disordered variant of the AlB2-type structure. A single-phase sample was obtained via arc-melting by deliberately tuning the composition out of the ideal 2:1:3 ratio. Specific heat, electrical resistivity and magnetization measurements show that the compound is a weakly-coupled (λ e-p = 0.58) type-II superconductor with...
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A simplified channel estimation procedure for NB-IoT downlink
PublicationThis paper presents a low-complexity channel estimation procedure which is suitable for use in energy-efficient NB-IoT user equipment devices. The procedure is based on the well-established least squares scheme, followed by linear interpolation in the time domain and averaging in the frequency domain. The quality of channel estimation vs. signal-to-noise ratio is evaluated for two channel models and compared with the performance...
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Synchronized six-step voltage generation in high-speed PMSM drive
PublicationSynchronized voltage generation has already been considered in the context of pulse width modulation (PWM). References prove that synchronized PWM substantially decreases subharmonics in inverter output voltage when operating with low switching-to-fundamental frequency ratio. This paper identifies problems of unsynchronized voltage generation in electric drives under six-step inverter operation. Guidelines for the synchronization...
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Structural optimization of microjet array cooling system
PublicationThe single phase heat transfer from an upward facing, horizontal copper surface to arrays of impinging water jets was experimentally investigated. Experimental configuration allows for a free-surface unconfined jets flow. Square nozzles 50 × 100 μm arranged in four different geometries were used. Additionally, for the set of two jets array geometry was varied by adjusting the nozzle to nozzle distance. The area averaged heat transfer...
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Structural and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite coatings formed by ion-beam assisted deposition
PublicationThe ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) is an advanced method capable of producing crystalline coatings at low temperatures. We determined the characteristics of hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 target and coatings formed by IBAD using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The composition of the coatings'...
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Hybrid Processing by Turning and Burnishing of Machine Components
PublicationThe paper presents a method of hybrid manufacturing process of long 5 shafts and deep holes by simultaneous turning and burnishing method. The tech- 6 nological results of the research focus on the influence of the basic technological 7 parameters of this process on the surface roughness of piston rods of hydraulic 8 cylinders. Research results are presented in the graphs as well as mathematical 9 formula. Set of samples were made...
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Comparison of Acoustic and Visual Voice Activity Detection for Noisy Speech Recognition
PublicationThe problem of accurate differentiating between the speaker utterance and the noise parts in a speech signal is considered. The influence of utilizing a voice activity detection in speech signals on the accuracy of the automatic speech recognition (ASR) system is presented. The examined methods of voice activity detection are based on acoustic and visual modalities. The problem of detecting the voice activity in clean and noisy...
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Ellipsometric study of carbon nitride films deposited by DC-magnetron sputtering
PublicationWe report the optical properties of a carbon nitride (CNx) film as a function of nitrogen concentration (N/C) of the deposited film. As nitrogen concentration is increased (N/C ratio) in a CNx film, the refractive index and band gap also increase. The real and imaginary parts, n and k (refractive index and extinction coefficient) of the complex refraction index of carbon nitride films were determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry...
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Analysis of Measurement Errors in Rail Vehicles’ Pantograph Inspection System
PublicationThe paper presents an approach to evaluation of height measurement errors in laser scanning inspection system. The system, consisting of a laser line generator and a specialized camera, is dedicated to diagnosing carbon contact strips of railway vehicles’ pantographs. While height measurement resolution is easily computable based on system parameters, determining the measurement error is troublesome due to numerous impacts. As...
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Multistage treatment wetland for treatment of reject waters from digested sludge dewatering
PublicationThe paper presents the influence of sewage composition on treatment in pilot-scale facility for reject waters (RW) from sewage sludge centrifugation. The facility consisted of mechanical (two tanks with 10 d retention each) and biological parts composed of three subsurface flow reed beds working in batch. Two years of monitoring of the facility proved high efficiency removal of predominant pollutants: COD 75–80%, BOD 82.2–95.5%...
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Effect of soil on the capacity of viscous dampers between adjacent buildings
PublicationThis study investigated the seismic pounding of two adjacent buildings considering soil–structure interaction (SSI). A comprehensive parametric study of buildings with different heights was performed to reveal the pounding-involved behaviour considering the soil effect. Wavelet transform has been conducted to gain insight into the differences in the frequency contents of the impact forces between fixed- and flexible-base adjacent...
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On Wrinkling in Sandwich Panels with an Orthotropic Core
PublicationThis paper deals with the local loss of stability (wrinkling) problem of a thin facing of a sandwich panel. Classical solutions to the problem of facing instability resting on a homogeneous and isotropic substructure (a core) are compared. The relations between strain energy components associated with different forms of core deformations are discussed. Next, a new solution for the orthotropic core is presented in detail, which...
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Analysis of the structure of the atomized fuel spray with marine diesel engine injector in the early stage of injection
PublicationThis paper presents the results of the experimental research of the atomized fuel spray with the marine diesel engine injector in the constant volume chamber. The specificity of the phenomena occurring in the marine engine cylinder was the reason to use the optical visualisation method in the studies – the Mie scattering technique. This work presents an analysis of the influence of different geometry of outlet orifice and opening...
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Unity-Gain Zero-Offset CMOS Buffer with Improved Feedforward Path
PublicationA voltage unity-gain zero-offset CMOS amplifier with reduced gain error and increased PSRR (power supply rejection ratio) is proposed. The amplifier uses two feed mechanisms, negative feedback and supporting positive feedforward, to achieve low deviation from unit gain over the entire input range. The circuit, designed in a standard 180-nanometer 1.8-voltage CMOS process, is compared with two known buffers of similar topology,...
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Chemical Vapor Transport Route toward Black Phosphorus Nanobelts and Nanoribbons
PublicationChemical vapor transport (CVT) method is widely used for bulk black phosphorus (BP) fabrication. In this work, we demonstrate that CVT provides a route for the fabrication of BP nanoribbons and nanobelts. This method consists of a two-step procedure, including initial BP column growth using the CVT technique, followed by ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation. The obtained nanostructures preserve BP column dimensions, forming...
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The performance of H2O, R134a, SES36, ethanol, and HFE7100 two-phase closed thermosyphons for varying operating parameters and geometry
PublicationIn this study, the influences of different parameters at performance two-phase closed thermosiphon (TPCT) was presented. It has been confirmed that the working fluid, as well as operating parameters and fill ratio, are very important factors in the performance of TPCT. The article shows characteristics of gravitational tube geometr ies, as well as the technical characteristic of the most important system components, i.e., the evaporator/condenser....
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Ageing of Society — Local Disparities. Classification of the Pomorskie Voivodship Communes According to the Pace and Progress of Local Communities’ Ageing
PublicationThe article deals with the issues of local disparities in the field of advancement and pace of demographic ageing. The subjects of the research were communes of the Pomorskie Voivodship. The purpose of the article — i.e., diagnosing and assessing the progress and pace of ageing of local communities in all 123 communes of the Pomorskie Voivodship, was achieved using a combination of traditional measures of ageing: age factor,...
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From structure to luminescence investigation of oxyfluoride transparent glasses and glass-ceramics doped with Eu3+/Dy3+ ions
PublicationGlasses and glass-ceramics with nominal composition 73 TeO2– 4BaO– 3Bi2O3–18SrF2-2RE2O3 (where RE = Eu, Dy) have been synthesized by conventional melt-quenching technique and subsequent heat treatment at 370 °C for 24 h in air atmosphere. Various Eu3+ to Dy3+ molar ratio have been applied to investigate luminescence properties in both glass and glass-ceramic matrices. Especially, white light emission through simultaneous excitation...
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Influence of bush wear in water lubricated marine stern tube bearings with shaft misalignment
PublicationWater lubricated propeller shaft bearings are frequently employed on modern ships due to their advantages such as durability, simplicity and low price. Specific working conditions on ships cause shaft misalignment which often results in rapid wearing of bush and shaft. Shaft misalignment could be an effect of manufacturing or assembly faults but sometimes it appears due to hull or shaft deformation. The wearing process has influence...
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Comprehensive evaluation of physical properties and carbon dioxide capacities of new 2-(butylamino)ethanol-based deep eutectic solvents
PublicationThe aim of this research was to assess the impact of the components of alkanolamine deep eutectic solvents (DESs) on the physical properties of those DESs and their carbon dioxide capacity. To achieve this goal, novel deep eutectic solvents were synthesized by using 2-(butylamino)ethanol (BAE) as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD), along with tetrabutylammonium bromide TBAB), tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), or tetraethy- lammonium...
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Comparison of Absorbed and Intercepted Fractions of PAR for Individual Trees Based on Radiative Transfer Model Simulations
PublicationThe fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) is a key parameter for estimating the gross primary production (GPP) of trees. For continuous, dense forest canopies, fAPAR, is often equated with the intercepted fraction, fIPAR. This assumption is not valid for individual trees in urban environments or parkland settings where the canopy is sparse and there are well-defined tree crown boundaries. Here, the distinction...
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EM-Driven Size Reduction and Multi-Criterial Optimization of Broadband Circularly-Polarized Antennas Using Pareto Front Traversing and Design Extrapolation
PublicationMaintaining small size has become an important consideration in the design of contemporary antenna structures. In the case of broadband circularly polarized (CP) antennas, miniaturization is a challenging process due to the necessity of simultaneous handling of electrical and field properties (reflection, axial ratio, gain), as well as ensuring sufficient frequency range of operation, especially at the lower edge of the antenna...
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Analogue GPS repeater
PublicationThis article concerns the problem of difficulty in correct indoor Global Positioning System (GPS) signals reception due to attenuation. Radio signal repeaters are proposed as means to solve this problem. Firstly, the GPS signal characteristics are described, emphasizing their low power in the point of reception. In the second part, various applications of GPS signal repeater, where indoor GPS signals reception is required, are...
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A Canonical Switched Capacitor DC-DC Converter. A look at how the historical SC synthesis problem is getting solved
PublicationWe reconsider a solution to the historical problem in switched capacitor (SC) DC-DC converter synthesis. Specifically, we retackle the problem of constructing an SC twophase network realizing arbitrary voltage conversion ratio within rational bounds defined. Theoretical foundations are available in our earlier research [3] where a nonconstructive proof of existence was given. We briefly review and comment on known circuit solutions...
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Nonlinear and linear impedance of bismuth vanadate ceramics and its relation to structural properties
PublicationThe nonlinear and linear electrical properties, topography, and microstructure of bismuth-vanadate ceramics, were studied. The structurewas observed with the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal microscopy methods. The obtained results showed that ceramic is porous. Two phase transitionswere determinedwith the use of DSC measurements. The linear and nonlinear ac...
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Binder-induced surface structure evolution effects on Li-ion battery performance
PublicationA comparative investigation on binder induced chemical and morphological evolution of Li4Ti5O12 electrodes was performed via X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Composite electrodes were obtained using three different binders (PAA, PVdF, and CMC) with 80:10:10 ratio of active material:carbon:binder. The electrochemical performances of the electrodes, were found to be...
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Approximate Cramér–Rao bound on Doppler error in correlation-processing relatively narrowband noise radar
PublicationThe paper studies limitations on accuracy of Doppler estimation in continuous-wave noise radar with correlation processing. Second order properties of output of the correlation receiver are evaluated and an approximate Cram´er-Rao bound on errors of Doppler measurement is derived. The accuracy of Doppler measurements is found to be affected by the following factors: power spectral density of noise signal, frequency response of the...
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Influence of Processing Conditions on Crystal Structure of Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 Ceramics
PublicationAim of the present research was to apply a solid state reaction route to fabricate Aurivillius-type ceramics described with the formula Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 (BFTO) and reveal the influence of processing conditions on its crystal structure. Pressureless sintering in ambient air was employed and the sintering temperatures were 850 and 1080 °C. It was found that the fabricated BFTO ceramics were multiphase ones. They consisted of two Bim+1Fem-3Ti3O3m+3...
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Application of lightweight cement composite with foamed glass aggregate in shell structures
PublicationThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the abilities of applying Granulated Expanded Glass Aggregate (GEGA) as a natural volume substitute of aggregate as a component of lightweight concrete. The GEGA aggregates used in the experiments were made of confused glass waste. In order to achieve satisfactory strength of concrete Granulated Ash Aggregate (GAA) was added as well. To produce specimens three grain sizes of aggregates...
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Instantaneous Heating and Cooling Caused by Periodic or Aperiodic Sound of Any Characteristic Duration in a Gas with Vibrational Relaxation
PublicationThermodynamic relaxation of internal degrees of a molecule's freedom in a gas occurs with some characteristic time. This makes wave processes in a gas behave differently depending on the ratio of characteristic duration of perturbations and the relaxation time. In particular, generation of the secondary non-wave modes by intense sound in a nonlinear flow dependens on frequency. These kinds of interaction are considered in this...
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A Comparison of STI Measured by Direct and Indirect Methods for Interiors Coupled with Sound Reinforcement Systems
PublicationThis paper presents a comparison of STI (Speech Transmission Index) coefficient measurement results carried out by direct and indirect methods. First, acoustic parameters important in the context of public address and sound reinforcement systems are recalled. A measurement methodology is presented that employs various test signals to determine impulse responses. The process of evaluating sound system performance, signals enabling...
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Technique to improve CMRR at high frequencies in CMOS OTA-C filters
PublicationIn this paper a technique to improve the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) at high frequencies in the OTA-C filters is proposed. The technique is applicable to most OTA-C filters using CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA) based on differential pairs. The presented analysis shows that a significant broadening of CMRR bandwidth can be achieved by using a differential pair with the bodies of transistors connected to...
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Application of Diagnostic Ratios of PAHs to Characterize the Pollution Emission Sources
PublicationThe paper summarizes the potential of application of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to identify their emission sources. Four parent PAHs diagnostic ratios are used for this purpose: anthracene/(anthracene + phenanthrene), fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene), benzo[a]pyrene/(benzo[a]pyrene + chryzene) and indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene/(indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene + benzo[g,h,i]perylene). The compounds of each ratio have the...
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Luminescent properties of Ln3+ doped tellurite glasses containing AlF3
PublicationThe low-phonon energy tellurite glasses TeO2-BaO-Bi2O3 and TeO2-BaO-Bi2O3-AlF3 triply doped with Eu3+, Tb3+, Tm3+ ions in two different molar ratios were synthesized using melt-quenching technique. Their structure and luminescence properties were widely investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL). The luminescence...
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Thermoelectric properties of bismuth-antimony-telluride alloys obtained by reduction of oxide reagents
PublicationThe BieSbeTe alloys with different Bi/Sb/Te ratio were fabricated by an innovative method. For that purpose the oxide reagents were melted at high temperature, then quenched to form pellets, milled to a powder and finally reduced in hydrogen at various temperatures. Complex structures consisting of connected thin layers forming a continuous path between nano- and micrometer size grains have been obtained. The electrical conductivity,...
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The effect of a belt position in the spindle driving system on critical rotational speeds
PublicationThe aim of this paper was to examine how the belt pulley position affects critical rotational speeds of the modernized spindle of the sliding table saw Fx3. Methodology of determination of critical rotational speeds of the spindle in a function of the spindle design features and its driving system is presented. Spindles in these kind of machine tools are mainly driven with V-belts, and the pulleys on the spindles might be positioned:...
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: improving the method by adjusting evolutionary techniques and parameters
PublicationThe paper presents some of the evolutionary techniques used by the evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories method. In general, this method utilizes a customized evolutionary algorithm to solve a constrained optimization problem. This problem is defined as finding a set of cooperating trajectories (here the set is an evolutionary individual) of all the ships involved in the encounter situation. The resulting trajectories are...
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Automatic sound source localization in disturbing conditions using acoustic vector sensors
PublicationA concept, practical realization and applications of a passive acoustic radar to automatic localization and tracking of sound sources in disturbing conditions were presented in the paper. The device consists of the new kind of multichannel miniature sound intensity sensors and a group of digital signal processing algorithms. The sensitivity of the realized acoustic radar was examined in free sound field. Several kinds of sound...
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Formation and Growth of the Crack in Bonded Joints Under Mode I Fracture: Substrate Deflection at Crack Vicinity
PublicationAdhesive bonding is now commonly used in aircraft, cars, boats, etc. In these applications, thin panels are often bonded. In such thin structures, heterogeneous mechanical loading along the bondline edge (or potential crack front), is likely to arise due to 3D structural effects. The crack front and its vicinity is a special region, in that it is where structural properties of the adherend material meet those of the adhesive (discontinuity)....
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Preparation and characterization of rigid polyurethane-polyglycerolnanocomposite foams
PublicationThis work reports on the preparation of polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams containing different polyglycerols and layered silicate nanoclays. The rigid polyurethane foams were obtained in a laboratory scale, in a single step method, from a two-component system with a NCO to OH groups ratio equal to two. The reaction mixture consisted of the proper amounts of a commercial oligoetherpolyol, polyglycerol, catalysts, water,...
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DO WE NEED NAVIER NUMBER? – FURTHER REMARKS AND COMPARISON WITH ANOTHER DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS
PublicationThis paper presents a role of the Navier number (Na-dimensionless slip-length) in universal modelling of flow reported in micro- and nano-channels like: capillary biological flows, fuel cell systems, micro-electro-mechanical systems and nano-electro-mechanical systems. Similar to another bulk-like and surface-like dimensionless numbers, the Na number should be treated as a ratio of internal viscous to external viscous momentum...
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Selection of Relevant Features for Text Classification with K-NN
PublicationIn this paper, we describe five features selection techniques used for a text classification. An information gain, independent significance feature test, chi-squared test, odds ratio test, and frequency filtering have been compared according to the text benchmarks based on Wikipedia. For each method we present the results of classification quality obtained on the test datasets using K-NN based approach. A main advantage of evaluated...
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Influence of User Mobility on System Loss and Depolarization in a BAN Indoor Scenario
PublicationIn this article, an analysis of system loss and depolarization in body area networks (BANs) for body-toinfrastructure (B2I) communications based on a measurement campaign in the 5.8 GHz band in an indoor environment is performed. Measurements were performed with an off-body antenna transmitting linearly polarized signals and dual-polarized receiving antennas carried by the user on the body. A normal distribution with a mean of...
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A Novel Iterative Decoding for Iterated Codes Using Classical and Convolutional Neural Networks
PublicationForward error correction is crucial for communication, enabling error rate or required SNR reduction. Longer codes improve correction ratio. Iterated codes offer a solution for constructing long codeswith a simple coder and decoder. However, a basic iterative code decoder cannot fully exploit the code’s potential, as some error patterns within its correction capacity remain uncorrected.We propose two neural network-assisted decoders:...
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On Effective Bending Stiffness of a Laminate Nanoplate Considering Steigmann–Ogden Surface Elasticity
PublicationAs at the nanoscale the surface-to-volume ratio may be comparable with any characteristic length, while the material properties may essentially depend on surface/interface energy properties. In order to get effective material properties at the nanoscale, one can use various generalized models of continuum. In particular, within the framework of continuum mechanics, the surface elasticity is applied to the modelling of surface-related...