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Search results for: OXIDATION AND REDUCTION REACTIONS
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The photocatalytic activity of MoS2 electrodes under sunlight illumination
Open Research DataThis dataset contains the results of the photocatalytic activities of the MoS2 and MoS2 modified by SnO2 were assessed through the photocatalytic reduction of Cr6+ under the sunlight illumination. In the experiment, 20 mg of the catalyst was distributed in the K2Cr2O7 aqueous solution (50 mL, 100 mg•L-1). The mixed solution was stirred for 30 min to...
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The reactivity of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di-tert-butyldiphosphane towards lithiated metal carbonyls: a new entry to phosphanylphosphinidene dimers
PublicationReactions of [Cp*(OC)3M]Li (Cp* = C5Me5, M = Mo, W) towards t-Bu2P–PCl2 lead to the formation of phosphanylphosphinidene dimers [Cp*(OC)3M(η2-t-Bu2P–P)]2 in fairly good yields. The formation of a tetraphosphorus ligand proceeds via reductive dimerization of t-Bu2P–P units. NMR, X-ray investigations and DFT calculations show that the resulting tetraphosphorus ligand has a structure of dication t-Bu2P+=P–P=P+t-Bu2.
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Tax Policy Tools of Selected European Countries as a Mechanism for Counteracting the Effects of the Crisis Caused by the COVID-19 Disease Pandemic
PublicationCrises play an important role in a economics life. They are common and it is impossible to omit them. This following study investigates the concept of ‘crisis’ in the context of economic situation. This text describes the most important financial crises that took place in the past. After that authors passes on a detailed analysis of the actual corona-crisis and the way that it affects the economy globally. The main goal of this...
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Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) Sensor by Means of Amperometric Technique
PublicationA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...
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Determination of chemical oxygen demand (cod) at boron-doped diamond (bdd) sensor by means of amperometric technique
PublicationA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...
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Design and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of TiO2-Lanthanides Systems and Evaluation of Photocatalytic Activity under UV-LED Light Irradiation
PublicationThe TiO2-Eu and TiO2-La systems were successfully synthesized using the microwave method. Based on the results of X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that regardless of the analyzed systems, two crystal structures were noted for the obtained samples: anatase and rutile. The analysis, such as XPS and EDS, proved that the doped lanthanum and europium nano-particles are present only on the TiO2 surface without disturbing the...
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In Vitro Biological Characterization of Silver-Doped Anodic Oxide Coating on Titanium
PublicationDespite the high biocompatibility and clinical effectiveness of Ti-based implants, surface functionalization (with complex osteointegrative/antibacterial strategies) is still required. To enhance the dental implant surface and to provide additional osteoinductive and antibacterial properties, plasma electrolytic oxidation of a pure Ti was performed using a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-based Ag nanoparticles (AgNP)-loaded calcium–phosphate...
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A novel approach in wood waste utilization for manufacturing of catalyst-free polyurethane-wood composites (PU-WC)
PublicationIn recent decades, due to the increase in environmental awareness and noticeable environmental degradation, the area of wood waste management has attracted increasing attention. The purpose of this study is to develop a new type of highly filled polyurethane wood-composite (PU-WC) by the utilization of large amount of wood wastes without addition of a catalyst. Although wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are widely known, there is...
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Nongeminate recombination in organic bulk heterojunction solar cells: Contribution of exciton–polaron interaction
PublicationA new model to explain nongeminate recombination in organic bulk heterojunction solar cells is presented. We suggest that the annihilation of excitons on charge carriers at the interface between donor and acceptor phases competes with the bimolecular recombination of Coulombically bound electron–hole pairs. The exciton–polaron interaction gives visible contribution to the reduction of Langevin recombination. An analytical formula,...
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Selection of Features for Multimodal Vocalic Segments Classification
PublicationEnglish speech recognition experiments are presented employing both: audio signal and Facial Motion Capture (FMC) recordings. The principal aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of feature vector dimension reduction for the accuracy of vocalic segments classification employing neural networks. Several parameter reduction strategies were adopted, namely: Extremely Randomized Trees, Principal Component Analysis and Recursive...
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Mass transfer in Spinning Fluids Reactor — Measurement and prediction
PublicationSpecific mass transfer area (a) and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) are mass transfer parameters commonly used in the description and comparison of various chemical reactors’ constructions. Determination of these was performed for Spinning Fluids Reactor (SFR). Sodium sulfite oxidation in the presence of cobalt ion catalyst was used for the determination of a and kLa. The a and kLa were successful predicted....
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A new simple approach to prepare rare-earth metals-modified TiO2 nanotube arrays photoactive under visible light: Surface properties and mechanism investigation
PublicationApplication of Ti90RE10 alloys (RE = Ho, Er, Nd, Y, Ce, Tm) as a working electrode, instead of Ti pure foil in anodic oxidation in a fluoride-based electrolyte, resulted in formation of well-ordered nanotubes made of TiO2 and RE2O3 mixture, which could be efficiently used for pollutant removal from water and air phase upon UV and visible irradiation and easily separable from the reaction mixture to recycle. The as-prepared NTs...
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Interventions reducing car usage: Systematic review and meta-analysis
PublicationThis systematic literature review aimed to investigate the extent to which transport-related interventions induced a reduction in car use. Both qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis were employed. The synthesis included 31 original studies, while the meta-analysis included 21. Of the qualitatively synthesised studies, 74 % demonstrated that interventions were effective in reducing car use. The pooled estimates of the effects...
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Kinetics and mechanism of the chemically modified starches during gelatinization.
PublicationNative starch was silicated by means of microwave-assisted reactions with varying doses of reagents. Resulting products were characterized by DSC and HMR-relaxation methods. It was observed that the hydratation of the silicated starches during gelatinization decreases when compared to that of the native potato starch. The amount of unfrozen water for ungelitinizated silicated starches are less than in control samples. At the same...
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Syntheses and structures of the first terminal phosphanylphosphido complexes of molybdenum(IV)
PublicationThe reactions of R2P-P(SiMe3)Li (R = tBu, iPr2N) with [Cp2MoCl2] yield terminal phosphanylphosphido complexes formally via the insertion of the phosphinidene P-atom into the C - H bond of a cyclopentadienyl ring and the migration of the hydrogen atom or SiMe3 moiety to the molybdenum centre. Solid state structures of [Cp(C5H4P-PtBu2)MoH], [Cp(C5H4P-PtBu2)Mo(SiMe3)] and [Cp{C5H4P-P(NiPr2)2}Mo(SiMe3)] were established by single crystal...
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Spray pyrolysis of doped-ceria barrier layers for solid oxide fuel cells
PublicationGadolinium doped ceria (Ce0.8Gd0.2O2 − x-CGO) layer fabricated by spray pyrolysis is investigated as the diffusion barrier for solid oxide fuel cell. It is deposited between the La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 − δ cathode and the yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte to mitigate harmful interdiffusion of elements. The parameters of the fabrication process are linked to the measured area specific resistances of the symmetrical cells and the efficiency...
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9 - Solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells
PublicationIn this chapter, the fundamental reactions, the geometrical designs, the material requirements, and the status of SOFCs and SOECs are presented. In the following seven chapters, the most important components of an SOC are described and the chapter ends with a summary and outlook. The described components are: (i) oxygen-ion conductors (electrolyte), (ii) anode materials for SOFCs (cathode in SOEC mode), (iii) cathode materials...
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Interactions between components of SrTi0.98 Nb0.02O3-δ-YSZ and SrTi0.98 Nb0.02O3-δ -CeO2 composites
PublicationComposites consisting of SrTiO3-based perovskite and either yttria-stabilized zirconia or ceria were investigated. The mechanical compatibility and possible inter-diffusion between phases were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A gradual disappearance of Ce-containing phases with an increase in the temperature of reduction in hydrogen was noticed. Moreover,...
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Modelling method for a class of distributed-lumped parameter systems
PublicationThe paper presents an alternative approach for modelling and order reduction of continuous system. The proposed methodology combines application of two methods: the modal decomposition method and the rigid finite element method. The given continuous structure is divided into 1D continuous substructures. For each 1D substructure modal decomposition and reduction procedure is applied. Interactions between substructures are described...
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Space-mapping-based design flow of miniaturized broadband matching transformer with perforated metallization
PublicationA fast design procedure of unconventional passive components has been presented and experimentally validated on the basis of a wideband microstrip four-section matching transformer (50:6 OHm). A classic impedance matching circuit has been miniaturized by means of compact microstrip resonant cells (CMRCs) leading to a considerable length reduction (34%) together with minor degradation in its performance. The spacemapping-based design...
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Hybrid Reduced Model of Continuous System
PublicationThe paper introduces an alternative method of modelling and modal reduction of continuous systems. Presented method is a hybrid one. It combines the advantages of modal decomposition method and the rigid finite element method. In the proposed method continuous structure is divided into one-dimensional continuous elements. For each 1D element modal decomposition and reduction is applied. Interactions between substructures are...
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Electrochemical Stability of Few-Layered Phosphorene Flakes on Boron-Doped Diamond: A Wide Potential Range of Studies in Aqueous Solutions
PublicationTwo-dimensional phosphorene has attracted great interest since its discovery as a result of its extraordinary properties. Two-dimensional single crystals of phosphorene can be useful for electrochemical (EC) sensing applications due to their enhanced surface-to-volume ratio. We proposed to investigate the electrochemical performance of phosphorene deposited directly on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Noncovalent interaction...
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Strategy towards the use of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis for industrial water recovery and reuse as part of the Green Deal Implementation
PublicationIn line with the European Parliament’s Resolution of February 10th, 2021 on the new action plan for a closed economy, most of the activities undertaken in the wastewater treatment process should focus on the search for new technologies that use wastewater as a source of water and nutrients. The paper reviews the concept of water reuse in industrial installations, with special emphasis on the use of membrane technologies for this...
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Comparison of Ozonation and Evaporation as Treatment Methods of Recycled Water for Bioethanol Fermentation Process
PublicationThe paper compared the performance of the ethanol yield after alcoholic fermentation with samples of rejected (RW) and permeate water (PW), RW and PW treated by oxidation with ozone (O3) (5 and 15 min) and evaporation, aiming the recirculation back to the bioethanol process. RW and PW were collected after an anaerobic bioreactor (AnBR) used for stillage treatment. Nine types of fermentations were made, where one used 100% tap...
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Detoxification of the tricyclic antidepressant opipramol and its analog – IS-noh by UGT enzymes before and after activation by phase I enzymes in rat liver microsomes
PublicationThe present studies were carried out to evaluate the simultaneous one-pot metabolism of opipramol (IS-opi) and analog (IS-noh) by phase I and phase II enzymes present in rat liver microsomes (RLM) as an alternative to separate testing with recombinant enzymes. This approach allows for more time-saving and cost-effective screening of the metabolism of newly discovered drugs. We also considered that the lack of results for phase...
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Simulation-driven design of compact ultra-wideband antenna structures
PublicationPurpose–The purpose of this paper is to investigate strategies and algorithms for expedited designoptimization and explicit size reduction of compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas.Design/methodology/approach–Formulation of the compact antenna design problem aiming atexplicit size reduction while maintaining acceptable electrical performance is presented. Algorithmicframeworks are described suitable for handling various design situations...
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Machine-Learning-Powered EM-Based Framework for Efficient and Reliable Design of Low Scattering Metasurfaces
PublicationPopularity of metasurfaces has been continuously growing due to their attractive properties including the ability to effectively manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves. Metasurfaces comprise optimized geometries of unit cells arranged as a periodic lattice to obtain a desired EM response. One of their emerging application areas is the stealth technology, in particular, realization of radar cross section (RCS) reduction. Despite...
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Cytomegaloviral disease, unspecified - Male, 50 - Tissue image [10110730048226001]
Open Research DataThis is the histopathological image of HEMATOPOIETIC AND RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEMS tissue sample obtained in Medical University Gdańsk and deposited in ZMDL-GUMED. The sample image was taken using: Pannoramic 250 3DHistech slide scanner (20x magnification) and saved to DICOM format.
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Local Mesh Deformation for accelerated parametric studies based on the Finite Element Method
PublicationThis paper presents an approach for enhancing the efficiency of two-dimensional Finite Element Method analysis in parametric studies or optimisation process of microwave components. The new approach involves local mesh deformation applied near the elements that are modified during computations. Since in the proposed approach the topology of the mesh remains unchanged, a new mesh does not have to be generated from scratch when the...
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Standard deviation as the optimization criterion in the OptD method and its influence on the generated DTM
PublicationReduction of the measurement dataset is one of the current issues related to constantly developing technologies that provide large datasets, eg. laser scanning. It could seems that presence and evolution of processors computer, increase of hard drive capacity etc. is the solution for development of such large datasets. And in fact it is, however, the “lighter” datasets are easier to work with. Additionally, reduced datasets can...
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Change of catalytic parameters for SOFC fueled by H2 and biogas mixture at 750 C
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the Change of catalytic parameters for SOFC fueled by H2 and biogas mixture at 750 C (60:40 CH4:CO2). The outlet concentration of the gases from SOFC were measured using novel FTIR-based unit. The parameters are conversion rates, selectivities and yields of products
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Optimization of the femtosecond laser impulse for excitation and the spin-orbit-mediated dissociation in the NaRb molecule
Open Research DataHigh accuracy ab initio potential energy curves (1tSigma+, 2sSigma+, 1tPi), electronic transition dipole moment function (1tSigma+ - 1tPi), and spin-orbit coupling (2sSigma+ - 1tPi) have been calculated for the NaRb molecule. The time-dependent excitation and dissociation processes in the polar alkali diatomic NaRb molecule and the quantum properties...
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Reclaiming ground tire rubber at low temperatures: benefits and limitations
PublicationLower extrusion temperatures during rubber reclamation lead to a reduction in toxic degradation products and improve the mechanical properties of vulcanizates, at the expense of reduced processability.
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New PCR test for detection of Candida glabrata based on the molecular target chosen by the RAPD technique
PublicationRapid, reliable diagnosis is a necessary condition for the successful treatment of infections. Such diagnostic assays are continually being developed. #e paper presents a method for selecting the molecular target for PCR-based diagnostics based on the comparison of RAPD patterns. A sequence encoding Candida glabrata CBS138 hypothetical protein was selected. The limit of detection for PCR and real-time PCR reactions with DNA extracted...
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The Reactivity of the Imine Bond within Polynuclear Nickel(II) Complexes
PublicationThree novel Ni complexes with the Schiff base ligand 2-methoxy-6-(E-2-pyridyliminomethyl)-phenol (L1) are described. In comparison with the similar 2-(pyridine-2-ylimino-methyl)phenol (pymp), the mode of coordination of L1 is altered due to the presence of methoxy substituent introducing the sterical hindrance. During the synthesis of the complexes, partial hydrolysis of the ligand was observed. Since such immediate hydrolysis...
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Influence of Surface Modification of Titanium and Its Alloys for Medical Implants on Their Corrosion Behavior
PublicationTitanium and its alloys are often used for long-term implants after their surface treatment. Such surface modification is usually performed to improve biological properties but seldom to increase corrosion resistance. This paper presents research results performed on such metallic materials modified by a variety of techniques: direct voltage anodic oxidation in the presence of fluorides, micro-arc oxidation (MAO), pulse laser treatment,...
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Ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous activation of persulfate and peroxymonosulfate by asphaltenes for the degradation of BTEX in water
PublicationThis study investigated – for the first time - the simultaneous degradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene (BTEX) by persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activated by asphaltenes (Asph) under ultrasound (US) irradiation. Advantageous properties such as high thermal stability, low production cost and extensive availability make asphaltenes as an appealing carbonaceous material for heterogeneous catalysis....
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Fabrication of Durable Ordered Ta2O5 Nanotube Arrays Decorated with Bi2S3 Quantum Dots
PublicationOne of the most important challenges in the fabrication of ordered tantalum pentaoxide (Ta2O5) nanotube arrays (NTs) via the electrochemical method is the formation of nanotubes that adhere well to the Ta substrate. In this paper, we propose a new protocol that allows tight-fitting Ta2O5 nanotubes to be obtained through the anodic oxidation of tantalum foil. Moreover, to enhance their activity in the photocatalytic reaction, in...
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Crystal and electronic structures of Ni(II) silanethiolates containing flexible diamine ligands
PublicationFive nickel(II) complexes containing aliphatic diamines and tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolate ligand have been synthesized for the purpose of studying their structural, spectral (IR, UV–Vis, HF EPR) and thermal properties. Complexes (1)–(5) have been prepared in high yield by reactions of [Ni{SSi(OtBu)3}2(NH3)(H2O)] with 1.3-propanediamine (L1), 1,6-hexanediamine (L2), or 1,7-heptanediamine (L3). The X-ray structures were determined...
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Multi-pathway mechanism of polydopamine film formation at vertically aligned diamondised boron-doped carbon nanowalls
PublicationBoron-doped carbon nanowall (B:CNW) electrodes were used as a platform for studying the electropolymerisation of dopamine. Due to the unique properties of B:CNW, including the fast charge-transfer kinetics and high surface conductivity, a high degree of reversibility of redox reactions was achieved. Three separated redox peaks were observed on voltammograms and attributed to three fundamental reactions in the dopamine polymerisation...
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Two complementary approaches for the synthesis and isolation of stable phosphanylphosphaalkenes
PublicationPhospha-Wittig (phosphanylphosphinidene titanium(IV) complex) and phospha-Peterson (lithiated diphosphane) reactions were used to obtain phosphanylphosphaalkenes with the general formula XYC=P-PtBu2 (X = alkyl, aryl group or H; Y = alkyl or aryl group). Therefore, two series of reactions with different ketones and aldehydes were performed. An examination revealed that the two methods are complementary. For smaller carbonyl compounds,...
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Simplified Map-based Selection of Optimal Spindle Speeds When Milling Complex Structures
PublicationIn the paper a method for selecting optimal spindle speeds for complex structures during milling operations is presented. It is based on the selection of the spindle speed in accordance with a simple equation resulting from the minimisation of vibration energy, which leads to the minimisation of the work of cut-ting forces presented in previous elaborations by the authors [1]. Optimal spindle speeds are obtained for many points...
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A compact seven-section rat-race hybrid coupler incorporating pbg cells
PublicationA conventional rat-race coupler has been doubly miniaturized: (i) characteristic impedances and electrical lengths of microstrip sections have been adequately modified as the first step of size reduction and (ii) T-shaped PBG cells have been implemented to diminish strip section length as the second step of circuit rat-race couplerminiaturization. The experimental results show good agreement with theoretical characteristics. Furthermore,...
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Doubly miniaturized rat-race hybrid coupler
PublicationTwo complementary miniaturization techniques have beenapplied to reduce the size of a rat-race hybrid coupler: (i) conventional microstrip sections have been replaced with their diminished lowimpedance counterparts as the first step of size reduction and (ii) novel fractal-shaped compact microstrip resonant cells dedicated to efficiently shorten low-impedance transmission line segments have been implemented as the second step of...
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Slow-wave resonant structures in branch-line coupler miniaturization: a case study
PublicationA case study of novel slow-wave resonant structures dedicated to efficient microstrip branch-line coupler size reduction has been presented. A compact 3-dB branch-line coupler has been designed to mimic the performance of its conventional counterpart, simultaneously demonstrating a substantial 88% surface area reduction. The vital usefulness of the approach in the process of microstrip line abbreviation has been experimentally...
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Macromodeling techniques for accelerated finite element analysis
PublicationThis paper deals with the Model Order Reduction applied locally in the Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Due to the reduction process, blocks of FEM system matrices associated with selected subregions of the computational domain are projected onto the subspaces spanned by the vectors of suited orthogonal projection basis. In effect, large and sparse FEM matrices are replaced with small and dense ones, called macromodels. This...
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Reliability of Corroded Stiffened Plate Subjected to Uniaxial Compressive Loading
PublicationThe work is focused on the reliability of corroded stiffened plates subjected to compressive uniaxial load based on the progressive collapse approach as stipulated by the Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers, employing the limit state design. Two different cases have been investigated. In the first model, the corrosion degradation led to uniform thickness loss, whereas the mechanical properties were unchanged,...
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Modeling the effect of electric vehicles on noise levels in the vicinity of rural road sections
PublicationNumerous European countries experience a steady increase in the share of electric (EV) and hybrid electric (HEV) vehicles in the traffic stream. These vehicles, often referred to as low- or zero-emission vehicles, significantly reduce air pollution in the road environment. They also have a positive effect on noise levels in city centers and in the surroundings of low-speed roads. Nevertheless, issues related to modeling noise from...
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Recent advances on spinel-based protective coatings for solid oxide cell metallic interconnects produced by electrophoretic deposition
PublicationThe application of ceramic protective coatings to the metallic interconnects in solid oxide cells (SOCs) is a viable and effective method to limit interconnect degradation issues. This featured letter provides a critical overview of the main outcomes of current research on the use of the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique to produce protective coatings for SOC metallic interconnects, specifically focusing on different approaches...
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Efficient synthesis and antifungal investigation of nucleosides’ quaternary ammonium salt derivatives
PublicationQuaternary ammonium salts are a group of compounds with diverse biological properties, the most important of which are their antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The quaternization reactions of 5'-O-tosyl derivatives of uridine and thymidine with triethylamine, trimethylamine, 4-(N ,N -dimethylamino)pyridine, 2-methylpyridine, and pyridine are described in this article. Two of the synthesized compounds are exceptional...