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Search results for: constant conductance driver
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The impedance of hydrogen oxidation reaction in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the presence of carbon monoxide in hydrogen stream
PublicationEvaluation of performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is affected by carbon monoxide that pollutes the hydrogen stream, was presented. This influence was studied for carbon monoxide concentration of 125–325 ppb, which are close to values specified in ISO 14687:2019 standard. Performed studies provided crucial information for further development of fuel cell as an energy source for automotive application. Impedance...
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A framework estimating the minimum sample size and margin of error for maritime quantitative risk analysis
PublicationThe average accident frequency is essential for quantitative risk analysis and is conventionally estimated from accident statistics. This paper has systematically synthesised the knowledge on statistical errors and offered the missing instructions, a framework, for determining the minimum sample size and the margin of error (MOE) when calculating the average accident frequency from an accident database at hand. We have applied...
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ADAPTIVE METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF 1D AND 2D ADVECTION-DIFFUSION EQUATIONS USED IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
PublicationThe paper concerns the numerical solution of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) advection-diffusion equations. For the numerical solution of the 1D advection-diffusion equation a method, originally proposed for solution of the 1D pure advection equation, has been developed. A modified equation analysis carried out for the proposed method allowed increasing of the resulting solution accuracy and consequently, to reduce...
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Estimation of Average Speed of Road Vehicles by Sound Intensity Analysis
PublicationConstant monitoring of road traffic is important part of modern smart city systems. The proposed method estimates average speed of road vehicles in the observation period, using a passive acoustic vector sensor. Speed estimation based on sound intensity analysis is a novel approach to the described problem. Sound intensity in two orthogonal axes is measured with a sensor placed alongside the road. Position of the apparent sound...
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Ultrasonic wave propagation and digital image correlation measurements of polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete beams under 3-point bending (beam B-002)
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of a concrete beam under a 3-point bending test. The beams had dimensions 15 x 15 x 70 cm3. The beam B-Con was made of concrete without fibres (as the reference beam), while beams B-002, B-004, and B-006 were manufactured from the concrete mix containing 2 kg/m3, 4 kg/m3 and 6 kg/m3 of fibres,...
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Ultrasonic wave propagation and digital image correlation measurements of polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete beams under 3-point bending (beam B-Con)
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of a concrete beam under a 3-point bending test. The beams had dimensions 15 x 15 x 70 cm3. The beam B-Con was made of concrete without fibres (as the reference beam), while beams B-002, B-004, and B-006 were manufactured from the concrete mix containing 2 kg/m3, 4 kg/m3 and 6 kg/m3 of fibres,...
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Ultrasonic wave propagation and digital image correlation measurements of polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete beams under 3-point bending (beam B-004)
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of a concrete beam under a 3-point bending test. The beams had dimensions 15 x 15 x 70 cm3. The beam B-Con was made of concrete without fibres (as the reference beam), while beams B-002, B-004, and B-006 were manufactured from the concrete mix containing 2 kg/m3, 4 kg/m3 and 6 kg/m3 of fibres,...
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Ultrasonic wave propagation and digital image correlation measurements of polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete beams under 3-point bending (beam B-006)
Open Research DataThe DataSet contains the results of the mechanical behaviour of a concrete beam under a 3-point bending test. The beams had dimensions 15 x 15 x 70 cm3. The beam B-Con was made of concrete without fibres (as the reference beam), while beams B-002, B-004, and B-006 were manufactured from the concrete mix containing 2 kg/m3, 4 kg/m3 and 6 kg/m3 of fibres,...
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Flora i fauna w sztuce cystersów Pomorza Gdańskiego. Flora and fauna in the art of Pomerelian Cistercians.
PublicationW sztuce cystersów pomorskich bardzo często spotyka się motywy odnoszące się do flory i fauny. W okresie średniowiecza miały one najczęściej znaczenie symboliczne, związane ze Starym i Nowym Testamentem. Ich głównym zadaniem było przypomnienie zakonnikom o miłosierdziu Pańskim oraz treści związanych z tymi fragmentami życia Jezusa, które są wskazówkami jak powinni żyć chrześcijanie. Sygnalizowano też konieczność wykazywania stałej...
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Predicting Value of Binding Constants of Organic Ligands to Beta-Cyclodextrin: Application of MARSplines and Descriptors Encoded in SMILES String
PublicationThe quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSPR) model was formulated to quantify values of the binding constant (lnK) of a series of ligands to beta–cyclodextrin (β-CD). For this purpose, the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSplines) methodology was adopted with molecular descriptors derived from the simplified molecular input line entry specification (SMILES) strings. This approach allows discovery of regression...
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Employment and export specialization patterns versus GDP per capita performance - unifying approach
PublicationThis paper analyses the evolution of specialization patterns along the process of economic development. The scope of the paper is twofold: first of all, it aims at understanding if the evolution of employment specialization is reflected in the same manner in trade specialisation patterns. Secondly, it explores the link between the degree of specialization on one side and cross country GDP per capita performance on the other. We...
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Artificial Thermal Ageing of Polyester Reinforced and Polyvinyl Chloride Coated Technical Fabric
PublicationArchitectural fabric AF9032 has been subjected to artificial thermal ageing to determine changes of the material parameters of the fabric. The proposed method is based on the accelerated ageing approach proposed by Arrhenius. 300 mm x 50 mm samples were cut in the warp and fill directions and placed in a thermal chamber at 80 °C for up to 12 weeks or at 90 °C for up to 6 weeks. Then after one week of conditioning at ambient temperature,...
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Perceptual and Motor Effects of Muscle Co-activation in a Force Production Task
PublicationWe tested several predictions of the theory of motor control with spatial referent coordinates related to effects of muscle coactivation on force production and perception. In particular, we predicted that subjects would produce unintentional force increase by finger flexors and be unaware of this force increase. Healthy subjects performed steady force production task in isometric conditions with visual feedback on the force level....
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Unfolding new values in the landscape of conflict
PublicationThe main objective of the paper is to investigate how the conflict quality of landscape can be used as its asset and potential for creating new values. Like mediation between different overlapping archaeologies offers a basis for the perception of place in the chronology of time, the mediation between conflicted areas creates a capacious zone for enhancing the unique quality of landscape in its architectural, social, cultural and...
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Wavelet transform-based approach to defect identification in railway carbon contact strips.
PublicationPantographs of electric rail vehicles are fitted with carbon contact strips, which slide along the contact wire of catenary to provide constant electrical contact. Contact strips are exposed to wear and damages. Using damaged contact strips significantly increases the risk of catenary rupture. Therefore, their technical condition has to be inspected frequently. In previous work a 3D laser scanning system was proposed for recording...
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Nonlinear properties of the Gotland Deep – Baltic Sea
PublicationThe properties of the nonlinear phenomenon in water, including sea water, have been well known for many decades. The feature of the non homogeneous distribution of the speed of sound along the depth of the sea is very interesting from the physical and technical point of view. It is important especially in the observation of underwater area by means of acoustical method ( Grelowska et al ., 2013; 2014). The observation of the underwater...
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Geminate-pair dissociation yield in systems with exponential energetic disorder — A Monte Carlo study
PublicationGeminate electron–hole recombination in systems with exponential energetic disorder is studied by Monte Carlo method. The field and temperature dependencies of geminate-pair dissociation probability are calculated. It is established that the dissociation yield of carrier pairs depends mainly on the extent of carrier thermalization, which influences the Einstein relationship. The approximate limiting temperature is given by Te =...
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Pressure effects on the superconductivity of the HfPd2Al Heusler compound: Experimental and theoretical study
PublicationPolycrystalline HfPd2Al has been synthesized using the arc-melting method and studied under ambient-pressure conditions by x-ray diffraction from room temperature up to 450 °C. High-pressure x-ray diffraction up to 23 GPa was also performed using Diacell-type membrane diamond anvil cells. The estimated linear thermal expansion coefficient was found to be α=1.40(3)×10−5K−1, and the bulk modulus derived from the fit to the third-order...
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4-Point beam tensile test on a soft adhesive
PublicationAn adhesive butt joint with a soft bondline has been studied. A series of experiments was conducted on test pieces constituted of aluminium adherends bonded with a low modulus epoxy adhesive, ScotchWeld™ 2216. The joint was subjected to four point bending, in tension/compression loading, under constant deflection rate, with the bondline being parallel to the applied load. The objective was to examine and evaluate crack nucleation...
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Assembly of 1D Granular Structures from Sulfonated Polystyrene Microparticles
PublicationBeing able to systematically modify the electric properties of nano- and microparticles opens up new possibilities for the bottom-up fabrication of advanced materials such as the fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) colloidal and granular materials. Fabricating 1D structures from individual particles offers plenty of applications ranging from electronic sensors and photovoltaics to artificial flagella for hydrodynamic propulsion....
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Photocatalytical properties of maze-like MoO3 microstructures prepared by anodization of Mo plate
PublicationIn this work, we present a simple method of the formation of MoO3 microstructures via an electrochemical anodization of Mo plate carried out under varied conditions. The morphology, composition and structure of samples were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The band gap energy was estimated using the Kubelka–Munk function and was found to be 2.87 eV. Finally, the photocatalytic activities of MoO3 samples were...
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Moisture content during and after high- and normal-temperature drying processes of wood
PublicationThe aim of the article is to present the results of moisture content of wood during and after the high-temperature steam and air–steam mixture drying processes and after an open air-drying process. The knowledge of moisture content changes of wood in the process of its drying is one of the important parameters to economy drying process and to keep the quality of dried wood. Wood samples, namely, spruce (Picea abies K.) and beech...
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Study of pH and temperature effect on lipophilicity of catechol-containing antioxidants by reversed phase liquid chromatography
PublicationLipophilicity of selected antioxidant phytochemicals, including flavonoids, phenolic acids and xanthonoids, was determined by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (RP-HPLC-UV). The analyses run at different temperature and pH conditions in isocratic mode suggested that lipophilicity as distribution coefficient (logD) between aqueous and organic phase decreases with increasing temperature. For...
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Estimation of Coherence Bandwidth for Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel
PublicationA shallow underwater acoustic communication channel is characterized by strong multipath propagation. The signal reaching the receiver consists of a direct waveform and a number of its delayed and suppressed replica. A significant time dispersion of the transmitted signal and selective fading of its spectrum are observed. Coherence bandwidth defines maximal bandwidth, wherein the channel amplitude characteristic remains constant...
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Electrochemical Stability of Few-Layered Phosphorene Flakes on Boron-Doped Diamond: A Wide Potential Range of Studies in Aqueous Solutions
PublicationTwo-dimensional phosphorene has attracted great interest since its discovery as a result of its extraordinary properties. Two-dimensional single crystals of phosphorene can be useful for electrochemical (EC) sensing applications due to their enhanced surface-to-volume ratio. We proposed to investigate the electrochemical performance of phosphorene deposited directly on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Noncovalent interaction...
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The Analysis of Overall Ship Fuel Consumption in Acceleration Manoeuvre using Hull-Propeller-Engine Interaction Principles and Governor Features
PublicationThe problem of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in shipping is currently addressed by many research works and related industries. There are many existing and visionary technologies and ideas, which are conceptually defined or practically realised. This goal can be achieved in different ways, and reducing fuel consumption is one of the major methods. In these circumstances, the aim of this study is to analyse the possibility...
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Modelling of sequencing batch reactor operating at various aeration modes
PublicationThe presented study involved designing a computer model of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) at laboratory scale. The data pertaining to the technical aspects of the bioreactor and quality indicators of wastewater constituted the input for the employed simulation tool, i.e. GPS-X software package. The results of a simulation involving a 12-hour operation cycle are presented in this work; each cycle included 6 phases: filling, mixing,...
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Boron-Enhanced Growth of Micron-Scale Carbon-Based Nanowalls: A Route toward High Rates of Electrochemical Biosensing
PublicationIn this study, we have demonstrated the fabrication of novel materials called boron-doped carbon nanowalls (B:CNWs), which are characterized by remarkable electrochemical properties such as high standard rate constant (k°), low peak-to-peak separation value (ΔE) for the oxidation and reduction processes of the [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– redox system, and low surface resistivity. The B:CNW samples were deposited by the microwave plasma-assisted...
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A Method of Fast and Simultaneous Calibration of Many Mobile FMCW Radars Operating in a Network Anti-Drone System
PublicationA market for small drones is developing very fast. They are used for leisure activities and exploited in commercial applications. However, there is a growing concern for accidental or even criminal misuses of these platforms. Dangerous incidents with drones are appearing more often, and have caused many institutions to start thinking about anti-drone solutions. There are many cases when building stationary systems seems to be aimless...
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Hybridized Space-Vector Pulsewidth Modulation for Multiphase Two-Level Voltage Source Inverter
PublicationIn space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) algorithms for multiphase two-level voltage source inverters (VSI), the components of active vectors in all orthogonal spaces have to be calculated within the processor and stored in its memory. These necessitate intensive computational efforts of the processor and large memory space. This article presents a hybridized SVPWM for multiphase two-level VSI. In this algorithm, elements...
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Electrochemical synthesis of 2D copper coordination-polymers: Layer-stacking deviation induced by the solvent and its effect on the adsorptive properties
PublicationA 2D Cu-based Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), namely copper-terephthalate (Cu(1,4-BDC)), was successfully synthesized by electrochemical method for effective methylene blue (MB) sorption from aqueous solutions. The composition, morphology, and the presence of functional groups in the obtained material were verified by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Thermal (TGA), and Elemental (EA)...
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Effect of Particle Size of Fly Ash Microspheres (FAMs) on the Selected Properties of Concrete
PublicationThis paper presents the investigations of selected properties of concrete containing two fractions of fly ash microspheres (FAMs) with grain size up to 200 μm and up to 500 μm. Concrete mixtures with ordinary Portland cement and three substitution rates of cement by FAMs, 1.3%, 2.0%, and 2.6%, were investigated. For all concrete mixes, the constant water–binder ratio (w/b) equal to 0.50 was used. The research program included the...
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About Unusual Diffraction and Thermal Self-Action of Magnetosonic Beam
PublicationThe dynamics of slightly diverging two-dimensional beams whose direction forms a constant angle θ with the equilibrium straight magnetic strength is considered. The approximate dispersion relations and corresponding links which specify hydrodynamic perturbations in confined beams are derived. The study is dedicated to the diffraction of a magnetosonic beam and nonlinear thermal self-action of a beam in a thermoconducting gaseous plasma....
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Influence of soil anisotropic stiffness on the deformation induced by an open pit excavation.
PublicationIn this paper, the problem of deformation induced by an open pit excavation in anisotropic stiff soils is analysed by FE modelling. The presented research is focused on the influence of material model with anisotropic stiffness on the accuracy of deformation predictions as compared with the field measurements. A new hyperelastic-plastic model is applied to simulate anisotropic mechanical behaviour of stiff soils. It is capable...
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Do Phenyl Substituents Affect the Properties of Azobenzocrown Derivatives?
PublicationNew products of photo- and thermal rearrangements of 19-membered azoxybenzocrown with phenyl substituents in benzene rings in the para positions to oligooxyethylene fragments are characterized. The yields of photochemical transformations depend on the solvent. Para-hydroxyazocrown is formed with yields over 50% in propan-2-ol. Ortho-hydroxyazobenzocrown is obtained with yields up to 70% in toluene/acetic acid mixture. Macrocyclic...
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Innovative Urban Blue Space Design in a Changing Climate: Transition Models in the Baltic Sea Region
PublicationWaterfront areas in cities are subject to constant changes. The desire to integrate the transformed waterside areas with the urban fabric involves shaping high-quality public spaces related to water, which are often referred to as urban blue spaces (UBS). The aim of the research was to examine the transformation processes of urban waterfront areas in the Baltic Sea Region and identify emerging transition models and types of blue...
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Enhanced electrochemical kinetics of highly-oriented (111)-textured boron-doped diamond electrodes induced by deuterium plasma chemistry
PublicationNovel highly-oriented (111)-textured boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDD) featuring high electrochemical activity and electrode stability toward electrochemical analytics were fabricated by deuterium-rich microwave plasma CVD. The high flux deuterium plasma-induced preferential formation of (111)-faceted diamond as revealed by XRD. The highly-oriented diamond surface exhibited improved boron dopant incorporation and activation,...
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Scheduling with Complete Multipartite Incompatibility Graph on Parallel Machines
PublicationIn this paper we consider a problem of job scheduling on parallel machines with a presence of incompatibilities between jobs. The incompatibility relation can be modeled as a complete multipartite graph in which each edge denotes a pair of jobs that cannot be scheduled on the same machine. Our research stems from the works of Bodlaender, Jansen, and Woeginger (1994) and Bodlaender and Jansen (1993). In particular, we pursue the...
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Ultrasound-assisted wet-impregnation of Ag–Co nanoparticles on cellulose nanofibers: Enhanced catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol
PublicationIn this study, a novel nanocomposite of bimetallic Ag–Co nanoparticles supported on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) was synthesised using the ultrasound-assisted wet-impregnation method for catalytic applications. CNFs were prepared from cellulose acetate using the electrospinning technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of CNFs. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)...
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Superconductivity in LiGa2Ir Heusler type compound with VEC = 16
PublicationPolycrystalline LiGa2Ir has been prepared by a solid state reaction method. A Rietveld refnement of powder x-ray difraction data confrms a previously reported Heusler-type crystal structure (space group Fm-3m, No. 225) with lattice parameter a= 6.0322(1) Å. The normal and superconducting state properties were studied by magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity techniques. A bulk superconductivity with...
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An Optimal Power Point Tracking Algorithm in a Solar PV Generation System
PublicationThe non-linearity in I-V characteristics of a PV panel requires to be operated at knee point to extract maximum power. In order to operate the panel at optimal point, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is employed in the control structure. The main objective of MPP tracking is to keep the operation at knee point of I-V characteristics under varying condition of temperature and solar insolation. Under non uniform solar...
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Colloidal transport of lipid digesta in human and porcine small intestinal mucus
PublicationSmall intestinal mucus transport of food-derived particulates has not been extensively studied, despite mucus being a barrier nutrients need to cross before absorption. We used complex dispersions of digesta obtained from simulated, dynamic gastrointestinal digestion of yogurt to examine the penetrability of human and porcine mucus to the particles formed of lipolysis products. Quantitative, time-lapse confocal microscopy revealed...
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Numerical Analysis of Turbulent Flow over a Backward-facing Step in an Open Channel
PublicationComputational examinations of the flow field in an open channel having a single Backward--Facing Step (BFS) with a constant water depth of 1.5 m were performed. The effects of the expansion ratio, and the flow velocity along the reattachment length, were investigated by employing two different expansion ratios of 1.5 and 2, and eight various flow velocities of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7.5 and 10 m/sec in the Computational Fluid Dynamic...
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SFEM Analysis of Beams with Scaled Lengths including Spatially Varying and Cross-Correlated Concrete Properties
PublicationThis paper presents the results obtained for plain concrete beams under four-point bending with spatially varying material properties. Beams of increasing length but constant depth were analyzed using the stochastic finite element method. Spatial fluctuation of a uniaxial tensile strength, fracture energy and elastic modulus was defined within cross-correlated random fields. The symmetrical Gauss probability distribution function...
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Enhancing electrical properties through in-situ controlled nanocrystallization of V2O5–TeO2 glass
PublicationV2O5–TeO2 glass–ceramics (VTGC) were prepared by controlled annealing of the V2O5–TeO2 glass (VTG), which illustrates a parent glass matrix with a single charge carrier. The annealing proceeded at six temperatures selected between the glass transition and the maximum of the frst crystallization process to obtain various nanocrystallite sizes. Heat treatment caused an increase in DC conductivity by 2.5–3.5 (250–285 °C) order of...
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The set of 22 sessions of 14-channel eeg signals recorded during watching pictures
Open Research DataThe data were collected in order to perform research on the possibility of controlling the content displayed on the monitor screen using human emotional states extracted from EEG signals. The dataset contains recordings of 14-channel EEG signals collected from 10 persons within 22 sessions, during which 45 different random photos taken from the ImageNet...
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Simulations of flows in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea
Open Research DataThe study area is located in the Southern Baltic, within Polish Marine Areas, adjacent to the coastline in the vicinity of Lubiatowo village, where The Coastal Research Station (CRS) – a field laboratory of the Institute of Hydro-Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IBW PAN) –is situated. The numerical reconstruction of the coastal flow was...
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Scanning electrochemical micrographs of poly(lactic acid) 3D printed electrodes ablated by femtosecond laser
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electrochemical micrographs of the femtosecond laser (FSL) ablation at the surface of commercially available carbon black-filled poly(lactic acid) 3D printed electrode. The process is used for the increase of the charge transfer of this electrode in electrochemical studies.
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Neural oscillations induced by IAPS pictures (session 10)
Open Research DataThe data were collected to perform research on the possibility of controlling the content displayed on the monitor screen using human emotional states extracted from EEG signals. The dataset contains recordings of 14-channel EEG signals gathered from seven persons aged 23 - 35 within 26 sessions, during which 45 different random photos, taken from the...
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Neural oscillations induced by IAPS pictures (session 1)
Open Research DataThe data were collected to perform research on the possibility of controlling the content displayed on the monitor screen using human emotional states extracted from EEG signals. The dataset contains recordings of 14-channel EEG signals gathered from seven persons aged 23 - 35 within 26 sessions, during which 45 different random photos, taken from the...