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Search results for: RCS TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEM
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Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublicationThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
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An interval estimator for chlorine monitoring in drinking water distribution systems under uncertain system dynamics, inputs and chlorine concentration measurement errors
PublicationThe design of an interval observer for estimation of unmeasured state variables with application to drinking water distribution systems is described. In particular, the design process of such an observer is considered for estimation of the water quality described by the concentration of free chlorine. The interval observer is derived to produce the robust interval bounds on the estimated water quality state variables. The stability...
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Determining and verifying the safety integrity level with security aspects
PublicationSafety and security aspects consist of two different group of functional requirements for the control and protection systems. It is the reason why the analyses of safety and security shouldnt be integrated directly. The paper proposes extension of the currently used methods of functional safety analyses. It can be done with inclusion of the level of information security assigned to the technical system. The article addresses some...
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Modified dynamic time warping method applied to handwritten signature authenticity verification
PublicationA signature verification system based on static features and time-domain functions of signals obtained using a tablet has been presented in the paper. The signature verification method, based mainly on dynamic time warping coupled with some signature image features, has been described. The FRR measures reflecting the method’s efficiency have been evaluated for verification attempts performed directly after obtaining model signatures...
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Arm EMG Wavelet-Based Denoising System
PublicationThese paper presents research results of muscle EMG signal denoising. In the same time two muscles were examined - an adductor muscle (biceps brachii) and an abductor muscle (tricpeps brachii). The EMG signal was filtered using the wavelet transform technique, having selected the crucial parameters as: wavelet basis function (Daubechies 4), 10 th decomposition level, threshold selection algorithm (Heurestic) and a sln rescaling...
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Rule-Based Model for Selecting Integration Technologies for Smart Cities Systems
PublicationThe aim of this article is to present the stages of development for an information technology integration model for the design of systems for smart cities. The Introduction explains the need for integration technologies and presents a model for selecting integration technologies and the conditions for its use in designing smart cities systems. Then two verification stages of the presented model are discussed. In the first stage,...
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Big Data and the Internet of Things in Edge Computing for Smart City
PublicationRequests expressing collective human expectations and outcomes from city service tasks can be partially satisfied by processing Big Data provided to a city cloud via the Internet of Things. To improve the efficiency of the city clouds an edge computing has been introduced regarding Big Data mining. This intelligent and efficient distributed system can be developed for citizens that are supposed to be informed and educated by the...
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Propagation Loss and Interference Analysis for 5G Systems in the Context of C-ITS System Implementation
PublicationThe article presents the concept of implementing subsequent phases of services for the C-ITS system (the Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems), based on the European Parliament resolution of March 2018. Next, the 5G systems, in the context of their possible cooperation with C-ITS systems, were discussed. Numerical propagation analysis was performed for V2V and V2I type communication based on two different propagation models....
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Preliminary estimation of groundwater recharge on Brda river outwash plain
PublicationEstimation of groundwater recharge is one of the most challenging subjects in hydrogeology. It is a critical factor influencing the pollution migration, assessment of aquifer vulnerability to contamination, small-scale groundwater budget calculation, modeling of nutrient cycling and detailed flow path calculations. In Poland an infiltration rate method is widely used, which depends on a system of rate coefficients referring to...
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Evaluation of the efficiency of the duty cycle of refuse collection vehicle based on real-world data
PublicationIn this paper a method of the efficiency evaluation of the duty cycle of Refuse Collection Vehicle is presented. Using real world data, two representative duty cycles were analysed. Total cycle efficiency was calculated, as well as the efficiency of particular cycle phases. Then, energy needed to collect and compact the waste and energy from fuel were compared. Measured and calculated values were shown on the diagrams illustrating...
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SEWAGE SYSTEM CONCEPT FOR KAMIEŃ VILLAGE IN THE COMMUNE OF SZEMUD
PublicationThe aim of this thesis is to solve a disturbing problem, which is illegal sewage discharge, without any previous treatment in a village Kamień, Szemud commune, Poland, by developing a multivariate sewerage system concept. The introduction submits the theory concerning the division of sewer systems as well as the wastewater treatment’s level. Moreover, there is also the problem of rural sanitation presented and main locality –...
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Analiza i badania transformatora hybrydowego z przekształtnikiem AC/DC/AC współdziałającym z przełącznikiem zaczepów
PublicationRozprawa dotyczy badań nad układem transformatora hybrydowego, który oprócz możliwości regulacji ciągłej napięcia za pomocą przekształtnika energoelektronicznego, posiada układ regulacji skokowej w postaci przełącznika zaczepów. Badane urządzenie przeznaczone jest do stabilizacji napięcia w dystrybucyjnej sieci niskiego napięcia. Dzięki skoordynowanej pracy układów (ciągłego i skokowego) uzyskana zostaje tzw. Wielostrefowa Regulacja...
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Magnetic signature reproduction of ferromagnetic ships at arbitrary geographical position, direction and depth using a multi-dipole model
PublicationThe reproduction of magnetic signatures is an important issue concerning the safety of ship traffic, as well as the identification and classification of vessels. Moreover, military applications of magnetic signatures and their reproduction refer to the activation or protection against activation of magnetic naval mines. Previous works on this subject focused on recording and replicating the signatures under the same conditions...
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Superhydrophobic sponges based on green deep eutectic solvents for spill oil removal from water
PublicationThe paper described a new method for crude oil-water separation by means of superhydrophobic melamine sponges impregnated by deep eutectic solvents (MS-DES). Due to the numerous potential of two-component DES formation, simple and quick screening of 156 non-ionic deep eutectic solvents using COSMO-RS (Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents) computational model was used. DES which were characterized by high solubility...
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Rainwater chemistry composition in Bellsund: Sources of elements and deposition discrepancies in the coastal area (SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)
PublicationDiscrepancies in rainfall chemistry in Bellsund were found to be influenced by the orographic barrier and related to the variability in the inflow of air masses as well as to the distance of sampling sites from the sea and thus the extent of sea spray impact. This study covers measurements of rainfall (P) and air temperature (T), physicochemical parameters (pH, specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC), major ions (Cl , NO3 , SO4...
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From ashes to porous hierarchical nanocarbon electrode: Upcycling secondary waste materials through self-catalytic chemical vapour deposition
PublicationMetal and metal oxide particles are abundant in various ash-based wastes. Utilizing these as catalyst sources for the fabrication of carbon nanomaterials could present a valuable approach to reduce our reliance on non-renewable and costly catalyst sources, thereby facilitating large-scale nanomaterial production. In this context, secondary waste materials (SWMs) are by-products resulting from the (complete or partial) combustion...
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Seasonal contributions of nutrients from small urban and agricultural watersheds in northern Poland
PublicationDiffuse sources of pollution like agricultural or urban runoff are important factors in determining the quality of surface waters, although they are more difficult to monitor thanpointsources.Theobjectiveofourstudywastoverifyassumptionsthattheinflow from agricultural nutrient sources is higher than from urbanized ones. It has been done by comparing the nutrients and organic matter concentrations and loads for three small streams...
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Burnout as a State: Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Relationship Between Exhaustion and Disengagement in a 10-Day Study
PublicationBackground: Burnout has been traditionally seen as a chronic and stable state in response to prolonged stress. However, measures of momentary burnout are not well established, even though the within-person approach suggests that the symptoms of burnout may vary from day to day for the same employee. The aim of this study is to examine the daily inter- and intra-personal variability of the symptoms of burnout and the cross-lagged relationship...
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The experimental results of diesel fuel spray with marine engine injector
Open Research DataThe data set presents the measurement of the diesel fuel spray from with marine engine injector. The main target presents results is a study of the time course of macro parameters (spray tip penetration, spray cone angle) of fuel spray in the cylinder of marine diesel engine. The impact of ambient conditions and the geometrical parameters of the injector...
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Comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of steam storage in a steam cycle in a different regime of work: A zero-dimensional and three-dimensional approach
PublicationDue to the current trends aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by increasing the use of renewable energy sources, changes are required in the operation of coal-fired steam units. The unstable nature of renewable energy sources, depending on weather conditions, means that the amount of energy produced varies and is not always in line with peak demand. To ensure the security and stability of energy supplies in the energy system,...
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Dual-band Millimetre Wave MIMO Antenna with Reduced Mutual Coupling Based on Optimized Parasitic Structure and Ground Modification
PublicationIn this study, a high-isolation dual-band (28/38 GHz) multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G millimeter-wave applications is presented. The antenna consists of two interconnected patches. The primary patch is connected to the inset feed, while the secondary patch is arc-shaped and positioned over the main patch, opposite to the feed. Both patches function in the lower 28 GHz band, while the primary patch is accountable...
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A Low-Cost System for Far-Field Non-Anechoic Measurements of Antenna Performance Figures
PublicationPrototype measurements are the key step in the development of antenna structures. Typically, their far-field characteristics are validated in expensive, dedicated facilities such as open range sites, or anechoic chambers. Despite being necessary for obtaining high-precision data (e.g., for device qualification), the use of costly infrastructure might not be fully justified when the main goal of measurements includes demonstration...
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Solubility of carbon dioxide in water: Some useful results for hydrate nucleation
PublicationIn this paper, the solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2) in water along the isobar of 400 bar is determined by computer simulations using the well-known TIP4P/Ice force field for water and the TraPPE model for CO2. In particular, the solubility of CO2 in water when in contact with the CO2 liquid phase and the solubility of CO2 in water when in contact with the hydrate have been determined. The solubility of CO2 in a liquid–liquid...
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Methodology of Selecting the Hadoop Ecosystem Configuration in Order to Improve the Performance of a Plagiarism Detection System
PublicationThe plagiarism detection problem involves finding patterns in unstructured text documents. Similarity of documents in this approach means that the documents contain some identical phrases with defined minimal length. The typical methods used to find similar documents in dig- ital libraries are not suitable for this task (plagiarism detection) because found documents may contain similar content and we have not any war- ranty that...
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Mutual Coupling Reduction in Antenna Arrays Using Artificial Intelligence Approach and Inverse Neural Network Surrogates
PublicationThis paper presents a novel approach to reduce undesirable coupling in antenna arrays using custom-designed resonators and inverse surrogate modeling. To illustrate the concept, two stand-ard patch antenna cells with 0.07λ edge-to-edge distance are designed and fabricated to operate at 2.45 GHz. A stepped-impedance resonator is applied between the antennas to suppress their mutual coupling. For the first time, the optimum values...
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Dynamics of Antimicrobial Peptide Encapsulation in Carbon Nanotubes: The Role of Hydroxylation
PublicationIntroduction: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely employed as biomolecule carriers, but there is a need for further functionalization to broaden their therapeutic application in aqueous environments. A few reports have unraveled biomolecule–CNT interactions as a measure of response of the nanocarrier to drug-encapsulation dynamics. Methods: Herein, the dynamics of encapsulation of the antimicrobial peptide HA-FD-13 (accession...
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Design and Optimization of Metamaterial-Based 5G Millimeter Wave Antenna for Gain Enhancement
PublicationIn this brief, a low profile, broadband, high-gain antenna array based on optimized metamaterials (MMs) with dual-beam radiation is reported for 5G millimeters wave (mm-wave) applications. The design is a simple bow tie operating at a 5G band of 28 GHz. It consists of two bow ties with substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based power splitter. A broad impedance bandwidth of 26.3−29.8 GHz is obtained by appropriately combining the...
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Investigating the effects of structural pounding on the seismic performance of adjacent RC and steel MRFs
PublicationAn insufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings is the main reason for structural pounding during severe earthquakes. The lateral load resistance system, fundamental natural period, mass, and stiffness are important factors having the influence on collisions between two adjacent structures. In this study, 3-, 5- and 9-story adjacent reinforced concrete and steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) were considered to investigate...
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Increasing efficiency of technological process by limiting impact of corrosive environment on operation of spiral classifiers
PublicationMost of the technological operations related to the preparation of the output to be enriched and to the production of the final copper concentrate take place with the use of water environment. Water management, besides using innovative technical and technological solutions, is a significant factor in the whole copper ore enrichment process. Mine water resources and surface water of the tailing pond named "Żelazny Most" are the...
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Modeling of Accidental Bunker Oil Spills as a Result of Ship's Bunker Tanks Rupture - a Case Study
PublicationAIS (Automatic Identification System) data analysis is used to define ship domain for grounding scenarios. The domain has been divided into two areas as inner and outer domains. Inner domain has clear border, which is based on ship dynamic characteristics. Violation of inner domain makes the grounding accident unavoidable. Outer domain area is defined with AIS data analyzing. Outer domain shows the situation of own ship in compare...
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A COMPARISON OF WEAR PROPERTIES OF WATER LUBRICATED NBR AND PTFE SLIDING BEARINGS
PublicationThe excessive wear of a journal shaft can be caused by many factors, for example, working conditions (e.g., temperaturę, slip speed, the type of lubricant), pressure, the type of material used on the bearings and shafts and their roughness, as well as contamination remaining in the system. This paper presents the roughness profiles co-operating with a rubber (NBR) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bushes. The conditions of cooperation...
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Entangled Histories vs. the Two-State-Vector Formalism - Towards a Better Understanding of Quantum Temporal Correlations
PublicationThe Two-State-Vector formalism and the Entangled Histories formalism are attempts to betterunderstand quantum correlations in time. Both formalisms share some similarities, but they are notidentical, having subtle differences in their interpretation and manipulation of quantum temporalstructures. However, the main objective of this paper is to prove that, with appropriately definedscalar products, both formalisms can be...
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DESIGN AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF A PROTOTYPE TILTING-PAD RADIAL BEARING WITH ADJUSTABLE CLEARANCE
PublicationThe article introduces a design and analysis results of a prototype ORC (organic Rankine cycle) turbo generator rotor assembly of 300kW power, supported by tilting-pad bearings of original design. The calculations were performed for a prototype turbo generator rotor. The shaft of this machine is supported with two radial bearings, lubricated with an unusual lubricant – a low-boiling-point agent. The main objective of the presented...
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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Health Systems in The European Countries-Two-Stage DEA Model
PublicationThis article compares the efficiency of health systems in selected European countries using two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA), based on data from the EUROSTAT database. In the first step, DEA efficiency scores were calculated for health care systems and, subsequently, the external variables describing lifestyle were used to calculate the truncated regression. Health care resources (physicians, nurses, hospital beds, financial...
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Imaging polarimeter with high-accuracy measuring principles in crystal optics
PublicationAn imaging polarimeter based on the principles of high-accuracy polarimetry well known in crystal optics is proposed. The application of scientific digital cameras for performance light measurements leads to precise data on polarizers quality, i.e., maps of extinction ratio and transmission axis. Processing of numerous images, acquired at various settings in the polarizer-sample-analyser system, allows to determine the two-dimensional...
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Power efficient thrust allocation algorithms in design of dynamically positioned ships
PublicationAssessment of power consumption on a Dynamically Positioned (DP) ship in the early design stage can assist crucial design choices. The study presents a comparison between two algorithms of optimal thrust allocation in a propulsion system for an over-actuated DP ship. Applied algorithms were Quadratic Programming (QP) and Non- dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII). Based on both approaches, tools were developed for ship...
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Landfill leachate treatment at a pilot plant using hydrophyte systems
PublicationConstructed wetlands can provide an effective and economical solution to landfill leachate treatment. In the article the performance of a CW for leachate treatment, consisting of two horizontal flow constructed wetlands (HF-CW) beds, working at the municipal landfill in Gdansk-Szadolki in the period 2004-2005 is being discussed. The plant has been operating since 2001. Clogging problems and surface flow occurred in the system...
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Investigation of the road noise source employing an automatic noise monitoring station
PublicationThe paper presents a pilot investigation of noise source models in two selected localizations in the context of future dynamic noise map creation. The experiments were carried out using the automatic noise monitoring station engineered at the Multimedia Systems Departmentof the Gda´nsk University of Technology. The results of the noise measurements employing monitoring stations and its comparison to the reference values are depicted....
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A study of concentration depolarization and quenching of photoluminescence of solutions
PublicationThe concentration-dependence of emission anisotropy r/r0 and quantum yield eta/eta0 of the photoluminescence of glycerol-water solutions of rhodamine B in two systems of viscosities 7.4 P and 0.72 P is investigated. The experimental data are compared with the new theory of concentraticn depolarization (J. Lumin., 5, 413 (1972)) and concentration quenching of photoluminescence (Acta Phys. Hungar., 30, 145 (1972)), which takes...
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Distillation cleanup preceded gc determination of short-chain monocarboxylic acids in aqueous and solid samples of wastewater origin = Oznaczanie krótkołańcuchowych kwasów monokarboksylowych w próbkach wodnych i stałych pochodzących z oczyszczalni ścieków z wykorzystaniem chromatografii gazowej poprzedzonej destylacją
PublicationShort-chain monocarboxylic acids (SCMAs) (C2-C5) formed in the process of aerobic biodegradation of larger organic molecules should often be monitored to optimize wastewater biological treatment and study the processes of converting organic waste matter into methane, etc. Gas chromatography (GC) seems a method of choice for such a task. Majority of samples require clean up before they can be injected into GC system. In this work...
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Innovative method for utilization of wastewater for security and safety in rural areas
PublicationIn the rural areas building of sewerage systems and central wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) often brings too high costs, due to high distances from one farm to another and terrain configuration. Individual treatment systems for each farm are a good solution. The teratment wetlands for nine individual farms were constructed in Kaszubian Lake District in summer and autumn 2009. Three configurations of reed beds were chosen. In...
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Health monitoring services based on off-the-shelf mobile devices
PublicationDevelopment of health monitoring systems usually involves usage of dedicated devices with provided guarantees in terms of their reliability. Those devices raise the cost of the whole system, because of which such platforms are limited only to specific areas and constrained number of users. Usage of off-the- shelf devices could lower the cost and bring those systems to the masses. The paper covers possible uses of common off-the-shelf...
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Selection of excitation signals for high-impedance spectroscopy
PublicationA method of fast impedance spectroscopy of technical objects with high impedance (|Zx| > 1 GOhm) is evaluated in this paper. An object is excited with a signal generated by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) located on the U2531A DAQ module. Response signals proportional to current flowing through and voltage across the measured object are sampled by analog-to-digital converters (ADC) in the DAQ module. The object impedance spectrum...
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Management of low-temperature heat source by ORC aided by additional heat source
PublicationIn the paper presented is a concept to utilize waste heat from the power plant with the aid of the low-temperature ORC cycle. The ORC system is heated from two heat sources, the first one being the flow rate of waste heat obtained from the exhaust gases. Subsequently, the working fluid in the cycle is additionally heated by the condensing steam from the low pressure turbine extraction points increasing in such way the level of...
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Underwater Acoustic Communications in Time-Varying Dispersive Channels
PublicationUnderwater acoustic communication (UAC) system designers tend to transmit as much information as possible, per unit of time, at as low as possible error rate. However, the bit rate achieved in UAC systems is much lower than for wire or radio-communication systems. This is due to disadvantageous properties of the UAC channels, namely the sea and inland waters. Estimation of UAC channel transmission properties is possible within...
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ARRAY OF MINIJETS – THERMAL AND HYDRAULIC PHENOMENA IN BOUNDARY LAYER
PublicationPresented work considers flow and thermal phenomena occurring in the system consisting of minijets array and heated with constant heat flux surface. Numerical analyses, based on the mass, momentum and energy conservation laws, were conducted. Focus was placed on the proper model construction, in which turbulence and boundary layer modelling was crucial. Calculations were done for various mass flow rates. The main calculations were...
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Ultrashort Opposite Directed Pulses Dynamics with Kerr Effect and Polarization Account
PublicationWe present the application of projection operator methods to solving the problem of the propagation and interaction of short optical pulses of different polarizations and directions in a nonlinear dispersive medium. We restrict ourselves by the caseof one-dimensional theory, taking into account material dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity. The construction of operators is delivered in two variants: for the Cauchy problem and for the...
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Spectral reflectance modeling of ZnO layers made with Atomic Layer Deposition for application in optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors
PublicationSuitability of zinc oxide (ZnO) layers grown using Atomic Layer Deposition for operation in optical-fiber extrinsic Fabry-Perot sensors is investigated using a numerical model. Reflectance spectra obtained using the developed model indicate that the application of these layers in optical-fiber extrinsic Fabry-Perot sensors is difficult as it may require a source whose spectrum width is about 300 nm. A series of ZnO layers grown...
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Asynchronous distributed state estimation for continuous-time stochastic processes
PublicationWe consider the problem of state estimation of a continuous-time stochastic process using an asynchronous distributed multi-sensor estimation system (ADES). In an ADES the state of a process of interest is estimated by a group of local estimators. Each local estimator based, for example, on a Kalman filter, performs single sensor filtration but also fusion of its local results and results from other (remote) processors to compute...
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Comparison of Two Nonlinear Predictive Control Algorithms for Dissolved Oxygen Tracking Problem at WWTP
PublicationThe wastewater treatment plant is classified as a complex system, due to its nonlinear dynamics, large uncertainty of disturbance inputs, multiple time scales in the internal process dynamics, and multivariable structure. The aeration process, in turn, is an important and expensive part of wastewater treatment plant operation. All operating parameters of the aeration in biological processes are to be precisely controlled to provide...