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Search results for: ELEKTRODY MEMBRANOWE
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Zastosowania elektrochemicznej mikrowagi kwarcowej w badaniach korozyjnych
PublicationPrzegląd niniejszy opisuje zastosowania elektrochemicznej wagi kwarcowej (EQCM) w badaniach korozyjnych. Przedstawione zostały dwa główne obszary badań. Jeśli chodzi o badania mechanizmów korozji, mikrowaga elektrochemiczna była wykorzystywana jako narzędzie do testowania korozji miedzi, niklu, cynku, aluminium i stopów. Była użyteczna w określaniu mechanizmów roztwarzania albo pasywacji w różnych warunkach. Drugim kierunkiem wykorzystania...
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Utilization of ionic liquids for the enrichment of biogas
PublicationThis article discusses the dependence of biogas composition on organic feed material. High amounts of CO2 decrease the calorific value of biogas. Several technologies are reviewed which can be used to increase the calorific value. Special emphasis is laid on ionic liquids as a new absorbing material. ILs have a number of advantages due to their unique properties such as: low melting point, high thermal conductivity, no flammability,...
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Recognition and sensing of anions
PublicationMolecular ion recognition is one of the most intensively studied areas of supramolecular technology. The reason for this is the essential role that ions play in many biological as well as industrial processes. On the other hand, however, it has been proved that ions can have a negative impact on human health and the environment. For these reasons, it is extremly important to develop rapid and simple methods allowing the determination...
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Mechanical compatibility of implants used in hernia repair with abdominal wall
PublicationThe paper deals with a membrane model of a synthetic surgical mesh for treatment of abdominal hernia. The authors analyse the compatibility of two implant types with the human wall: Dualmesh Gore and Proceed. The finite element method is applied to simulate tjhe behavior of the proposed model. Due fact that recurrences are usually caused by connection failure, this study is focused on reaction forces in supports representing the...
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Functional fluorine-doped tin oxide coating for opto-electrochemical label-free biosensors
PublicationSensors operating in multiple domains, such as optical and electrochemical, offer properties making biosensing more effective than those working in a single domain. To combine such domains in one sensing device, materials offering a certain set of properties are required. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin film is discussed in this work as functional optically for guiding lossy modes and simultaneously electrochemically, i.e....
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On the Possibility of the Amphotericin B-Sterol Complex Formation in Cholesterol- and Ergosterol-Containing Lipid Bilayers: A Molecular Dynamics Study
PublicationAmphotericin B (AmB) is a well-known membrane-active antibiotic that has been used to treat systemicfungal infections for more than 45 years. Therapeutic application of AmB is based on the fact that it is moreactive against ergosterol-containing membranes of fungal cells than against mammalian membranes withcholesterol. In this paper, we examine the hypothesis according to which the selectivity of the AmB's membraneaction originates...
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Sample preparation for gas chromatographic determination of halogenated volatile organic compounds in environmental and biological samples
PublicationPodstawowym elementem przygotowania próbek środowiskowych i biologicznych do analizy jest etap izolacji i/lub wzbogacania polegający na przeniesieniu analitów z matrycy pierwotnej charakteryzującej się złożonym i często zmiennym składem (próbka oryginalna) do matrycy wtórnej z równoczesnym usunięciem substancji przeszkadzających (izolacja)i zwiększeniem stężenia analitów do poziomu powyżej granicy oznaczalności stosowanego przyrządu...
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New reaction of dithiophosphoric acids with O-thioacylhydroxylamines. Nucleophilic substitution or single electron transfer process?
PublicationUdowodniono, że dipodstawione lub sterycznie przeszkodzone hydroksyloaminy reagują z przestrzennie rozbudowanymi S-tioacyloditiofosforanami dając odpowiednie O-tioacylohydroksyloaminy. Dalsza reakcja O-tioacylohydroksyloaminy z kwasem ditiofosforowym prowadzi do powstania disiarczku acylowo tiofosfo-rylowego oraz soli amoniowej kwasu ditiofosforowego. Wpływ pułapek rodnikowych na wydajność tej reakcji świadczy dobitnie, że w procesie...
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Determination of Sodium Ion Diffusion Coefficient in Tin Sulfide@Carbon Anode Material Using GITT and EIS Techniques
PublicationThe electroanalytical behavior of SnSx (x = 1, 2) encapsulated into a carbon phase was studied using the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). These techniques are widely utilized in battery systems to investigate the diffusion of alkali metal cations in anode and cathode materials depending on the concentration of ions in the host material. Here, we report different...
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Corrosion monitoring by harmonic analysis in aqueous environments
PublicationThis paper presents tests concerning the rate of corrosion in non-alloy steel (type S235JR) in an aqueous environment, with an additive of sodium chloride by means of polarization resistance measurements and harmonic analysis. The tests have been carried out for steel samples exposed to the testing environment for six weeks, in order to obtain a constant rate of corrosion in the function of time. The measurements have aimed at...
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Ceria Based Protective Coatings for Steel Interconnects Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis
PublicationStainless steels can be used in solid oxide fuel/electrolysis stacks as interconnects. For successful long term operation they require protective coatings, that lower the corrosion rate and block chemical reactions between the interconnect and adjacent layers of the oxygen or the hydrogen electrode. One of the promising coating materials for the hydrogen side is ceria. Using standard sintering techniques, ceria sinters at around...
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Dynamics of mechanical model of implant-tissue system in ventral hernia repair
PublicationThe paper deals with a finite element modelling of implants in the problem of ventral hernia repair. The synthetic mesh implanted in the abdomen during surgery is here modelled as a membrane structure. Thesystem undergoes the internal abdominal pressure that occurs during the postoperative cough, the load identified in the literature as the main cause of the connection failure and hernia recurrence. The model can be used to estimate...
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A XAS study of a highly diluted Pt electrocatalyst operating in PEM fuel cells
PublicationWe present an X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study of a low Pt content catalyst layer(Pt loading 0.1 mg c2) operating at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC). This catalyst is based on the use of a mesoporous inorganic matrix as a support forthe catalyst Pt nanoparticles. Due to the high Pt dilution, in situ measurements of itsstructural properties by XAS are challenging and suitable experimental strategies...
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3D polypyrrole structures as a sensing material for glucose detection
PublicationIn this work, 3D polypyrrole (PPy) structures as material for glucose detection is proposed. Polypyrrole was electrochemically polymerized on platinum screen-printed electrode from an aqueous solution of lithium perchlorate and pyrrole. The growth mechanism of such PPy structures was studied by ex-situ scanning electron microscopy. Preliminary studies show that studied here PPy film is a good candidate as a sensing material for...
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Electrochemical simulation of metabolic reduction and conjugation reactions of unsymmetrical bisacridine antitumor agents, C-2028 and C-2053
PublicationElectrochemistry (EC) coupled with analysis techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has been developed as a powerful tool for drug metabolism simulation. The application of EC in metabolic studies is particularly favourable due to the low matrix contribution compared to in vitro or in vivo biological models. In this paper, the EC(/LC)/MS system was applied to simulate phase I metabolism of the representative...
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Electrocatalytic performance of oxygen-activated carbon fibre felt anodes mediating degradation mechanism of acetaminophen in aqueous environments
PublicationCarbon felts are flexible and scalable, have high specific areas, and are highly conductive materials that fit the requirements for both anodes and cathodes in advanced electrocatalytic processes. Advanced oxidative modi- fication processes (thermal, chemical, and plasma-chemical) were applied to carbon felt anodes to enhance their efficiency towards electro-oxidation. The modification of the porous anodes results in increased...
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Electrochemical activity and characterization of hybrid material consisted of poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) and silver hexacyanocobaltate
PublicationPrac przedstawiono charakterystykę elektrochemiczną oraz powierzchniową materiału hybrydowego składającego się z polimeru przewodzącego, poli(3,4-etylenodioksytiofenu) oraz nieorganicznej sieci typu redoks, heksacyjanokobaltanu srebra. Materiał scharakteryzowano technikami jak AFM, SEM. Skład materiału oznaczono za pomocą mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej EDX. Analiza potwierdziła obecność sieci nieorganicznej w materiale. Proporcja...
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Dynamic impedance measurements of the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell cathode at various operating temperatures
PublicationThis article discusses the application of impedance analysis for diagnosing the cathode of a direct methanol fuel cell at various operating temperatures. The Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy technique coupled with a linear current scan was applied for this purpose. This technique allowed the observation of changes in the cathode's properties in the fuel cell operating under real working conditions. An equivalent model...
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Recurrent potential pulse technique for improvement of glucose sensing ability of 3D polypyrrole
PublicationIn this work, a new approach for using a 3D polypyrrole (PPy) conducting polymer as a sensing material for glucose detection is proposed. Polypyrrole is electrochemically polymerized on a platinum screen-printed electrode in an aqueous solution of lithium perchlorate and pyrrole. PPy exhibits a high electroactive surface area and high electrochemical stability, which results in it having excellent electrocatalytic properties. The...
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Chestnut-Derived Activated Carbon as a Prospective Material for Energy Storage
PublicationIn this work, we present the preparation and characterization of biomass-derived activatedcarbon (AC) in view of its application as electrode material for electrochemical capacitors. Porouscarbons are prepared by pyrolysis of chestnut seeds and subsequent activation of the obtainedbiochar. We investigate here two activation methods, namely, physical by CO2and chemical usingKOH. Morphology, structure and specific surface area (SSA)...
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Composites of tin oxide and different carbonaceous materials as negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries
PublicationAbstract Tin and tin oxide have been considered as suitable materials with high theoretical capacity for lithium ion batteries. Their low cost, high safety and other technical benefits placed them as promising replacements for graphite negative electrodes. The problem to overcome with tin oxide, as well as with other metallic materials, is high volume changes during alloying/dealloying, subsequent pulverization, delamination from...
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Capacitance Enhancement by Incorporation of Functionalised Carbon Nanotubes into Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)/Graphene Oxide Composites
PublicationThis paper reports on the role of oxidised carbon nanotubes (oxMWCNTs) present in poly-3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene (PEDOT)/graphene oxide (GOx) composite. The final ternary composites (pEDOT/GOx/oxMWCNTs) are synthesised by an electrodeposition process from the suspension-containing monomer, oxidised carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide. Dissociated functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide play a role of counter-ions for the...
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Hydrogen assisted cracking of high-strength weldable steels in sea-water.
PublicationOceniono niszczenie wodorowe stalio wysokiej wytrzymałości i ich złączy spawanych przy różnych rodzajach obciążenia w wodzie morskiej. Prowadzono próby rozcią gania z małą prędkością odkształcenia i zmęczenia niskocyklowego w wodzie morskiej przy polaryzacji katodowej. Badano dwa gatunki stali o minimalnej granicy plastyczności 690 MPa, oraz jej złącza spawane automatycznie łukiem krytym i ręcznie łukowo elektrodą otuloną. Dla...
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Badania bioaktywności z wykorzystaniem komórek kościotwórczych na tytanie pokrytym chitozanem = Bioactivity studies using osteogenic cells on titanium coated with chitosan
PublicationChitosan is a natural polymer from the group of polysaccharides, which has found wide application in biomedical applications to induce bioactivity of implant. The studies described were carried out test imposition of chitosan membranes with varying degrees of deacetylation on the surface of titanium, and then check the bioactivity of the material in vitro, using osteogenic cells MC3T3-E1. Titanium surface before imposition of...
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MXene-based materials for removal of antibiotics and heavy metals from wastewater– a review
PublicationAs a novel family of 2D materials, MXenes provide an extensive variety of applications in water and effluent treatment due to their distinctive properties and attractive applicability, including superior electrical conductivity, higher thermal stability, hydrophilicity, and high sorption-reduction capacity. Their excellent sorption selectivity makes them perfect for removing hazardous contaminants. Currently, MXene-based materials...
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Comparative molecular modelling of biologically active sterols
PublicationMembrane sterols are targets for a clinically important antifungal agent – amphotericin B. The relatively specific antifungal action of the drug is based on a stronger interaction of amphotericin B with fungal ergosterol than with mammalian cholesterol. Conformational space occupied by six sterols has been defined using the molecular dynamics method to establish if the conformational features correspond to the preferential interaction...
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Mathematical modelling of implant in an operated hernia for estimation of the repair persistence
PublicationThis paper presents mathematical modelling of an implanted surgical mesh used in the repair process of the abdominal hernia. The synthetic implant is simulated by a membrane structure. The author provides a material modelling of the implant based on the dense net model appropriate for technical fabrics. The accuracy of the proposed solution is evaluated by comparing the simulations of the dynamic behaviour of the system with the...
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Roofing Materials as Pollution Emiters - Concentration Changes During Runoff
PublicationThe influence of roofing material on concentration of pollutants in roof runoff waters and changes of pollution concentration in time were investigated. In field studies four roofing material types were taken into consideration - ceramic tile, bituminous membrane, asbestos tile and zinc sheeting. Samples were collected since November 2007 to March 2008, anions, cations, metals, PAHs, pesticides and PCB were determined. The existence...
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The possibility of the application of a potentiometric sensor with all-solid-state electrodes for the quality control of different natural waters
PublicationThe quality of various natural waters was examined by a new potentiometric sensor with six all solid state electrodes containing an appropriate lipophilic compound in a polymer membrane. Physicochemical parameters such as conductivity and acidity of tested waters were also tested. All waters were neutral or slightly alkaline and contained different ions (e.g., Cl–) due to the place of their sampling (a coastal zone and a moraine...
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Pervaporation Zeolite-Based Composite Membranes for Solvent Separations
PublicationThanks to their well-defined molecular sieving and stability, zeolites have been proposed in selective membrane separations, such as gas separation and pervaporation. For instance, the incorporation of zeolites into polymer phases to generate composite (or mixed matrix) membranes revealed important advances in pervaporation. Therefore, the goal of this review is to compile and elucidate the latest advances (over the last 2-3 years)...
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Synthetic strategies in construction of organic low molecular-weight carrier-drug conjugates
PublicationInefficient transportation of polar metabolic inhibitors through cell membranes of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells precludes their direct use as drug candidates in chemotherapy. One of the possible solutions to this problem is application of the ‘Trojan horse’ strategy, i.e. conjugation of an active substance with a molecular carrier of organic or inorganic nature, facilitating membrane penetration. In this work, the synthetic...
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Przemiany azotu organicznego w komorach osadu czynnego z biologicznym usuwaniem związków biogennych
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań analiz przemian koloidalnego i rozpuszczonego azotu organicznego (CON i DON) zachodzących komorach osadu czynnego z biologicznym usuwaniem związków biogennych. W tym celu wykonano pomiary w skali technicznej (profile w komorach osadu czynnego) oraz badania laboratoryjnych reaktorach nieprzepływowych z osadem pobranym z dwóch oczyszczalni komunalnych zlokalizowanych w północnej Polsce (Gdańsk -...
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Arylated carbon nanotubes for biobatteries and biofuel cells
PublicationSinglwalled carbon nanotubes (swcnts)covalently phenylated, napthylated or terphenylated were used for the construction of cathodes in a biobattery and in a biofuel cell. zn is the anode in the biobaterry and single-walled carbon nanotubes are covalently modified with glucose oxidase/catalase (swcnt-gox/cat) and the biofuel cell anode. the cell parameters were determined and the potentials of each of the electrodes under cell working...
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Determination of chemical oxygen demand (cod) at boron-doped diamond (bdd) sensor by means of amperometric technique
PublicationA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...
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Metody oznaczania in vitro właściwości przeciwutleniających próbek żywności. Cz. I
PublicationWystępowanie większości chorób cywilizacyjnych może być rezultatem stresu oksydacyjnego prowadzącego do różnorodnych zmian w ludzkim organizmie, wywołanych działaniem tzw. reaktywnych form tlenu. Z tego też powodu pojawiło się olbrzymie zapotrzebowanie na szybkie testy umożliwiające pomiar całkowitej zawartości przeciwutleniaczy czy też ogólnej siły przeciwutleniającej produktów żywnościowych a w szczególności świeżych warzyw...
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Oddziaływanie wybranych elementów przekształtnika energoelektronicznego nagenerację zaburzeń przewodzonych.**2002, 134 s. 125 rys. bibliogr. 102 poz. Rozprawa doktorska /17.12.2002/. PG, Wydz. Elektrotech. Automat. Promotor: dr hab. inż. Piotr J. Chrzan, prof. nadzw. PG
PublicationW rozprawie przedstawiono sposób obliczania generowanych zaburzeń elektroma-gnetycznych przewodzonych z układu przekształtnika do sieci zasilającej. Ce-lem pracy było opracowanie, w oparciu o symulację komputerową i badania eks-perymentalne, modeli wybranych elementów układu przekształtnika energoelek-tronicznego, pozwalających na określanie poziomów zaburzeń elektromagnetycz-nych przewodzonych w układach symulacyjnych. Zakres...
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Few-Layer Black Phosphorus/Chitosan Nanocomposite Electrodes via Controlled Electrodeposition for Enhanced Electrochemical Kinetic Performance
PublicationThis study presents the preparation and characterization of few-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) chitosan electrodes by controlled electrochemical deposition of chitosan nanoparticles on FLBP-modified glassy carbon electrodes. FLBP was prepared by solvent-assisted exfoliation of bulk BP and was further modified with chitosan forming together a nanocomposite, including easy cross-linking with nanomaterials and film-forming properties....
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Corrosion of AISI1018 and AISI304 steel exposed to sulfates
PublicationThis research analyses the behavior of corrosion, durability, and quality of reinforced concrete samples coated with two different materials when exposed to contaminated soil with sulfates. The initial assessment involved evaluating the water absorption rate of the coating materials before and after exposure to a solution containing 3%푁푎2푆푂4+3%푀푔푆푂4+3%퐾2푆푂4+3%퐶푎푆푂4to determine their durability. the corrosion...
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Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C
PublicationThis paper seeks to examine how the Mn–Co spinel interconnect coating microstructure can influence Cr contamination in an oxygen electrode of intermediate temperature solid oxide cells, at an operating temperature of 750 °C. A Mn–Co spinel coating is processed on Crofer 22 APU substrates by electrophoretic deposition, and subsequently sintered, following both the one-step and two-step sintering, in order to obtain significantly...
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3D porous graphene-based structures- synthesis and applications
PublicationPorous carbon-based materials are of the great industrial and academic interest due to their high surface area, low density, good electrical conductivity, chemical inertness and low cost of fabrication. Up to now, the main approach to obtain porous carbon structures has involved the pyrolysis of carbonaceous natural or synthetic precursors. After the isolation of graphene, the interest in 3D porous graphene-based structures (called...
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Spray deposited carbon nanotubes counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
PublicationCarbon nanotubes due to their catalytic properties are a promising alternative to platinum counter electrodes (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). In this study, counter electrodes were made from double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) ink using the spray printing technique and afterwards thermally treated at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 °C. Morphology and structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and...
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Spray-deposited carbon-nanotube counter-electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
PublicationCarbon nanotubes due to their catalytic properties are a promising alternative to platinum counter electrodes (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). In this study, counter electrodes were made from double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) ink using the spray printing technique and afterwards they were thermally treated at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 °C. Morphology and structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy...
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Preliminary investigations of effect of conditions of FCAW process on diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal
PublicationOne of the types of hydrogen degradation of steel welded joints is cold cracking. The direct cause of the formation of cold cracks is simultaneous presence of hydrogen, residual stresses and brittle structure. The way of preventing the occurring of degradation is to eliminate at least one of these factors. Practice has shown that the best solution is to control the amount of hydrogen in deposited metal. In this paper the state...
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Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) Sensor by Means of Amperometric Technique
PublicationA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...
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Laser-Assisted Synthesis and Oxygen Generation of Nickel Nanoparticles
PublicationNowadays, more than ever, environmental awareness is being taken into account when it comes to the design of novel materials. Herein, the pathway to the creation of a colloid of spherical, almost purely metallic nickel nanoparticles (NPs) through pulsed laser ablation in ethanol is presented. A complex description of the colloid is provided through UV-vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis, ensuring insight into...
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Ligand-Modified Boron-Doped Diamond Surface: DFT Insights into the Electronic Properties of Biofunctionalization
PublicationWith the increasing power of computation systems, theoretical calculations provide a means for quick determination of material properties, laying out a research plan, and lowering material development costs. One of the most common is Density Functional Theory (DFT), which allows us to simulate the structure of chemical molecules or crystals and their interaction. In developing a new generation of biosensors, understanding the nature...
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Silicon Oxycarbide-Graphite Electrodes for High-Power Energy Storage Devices
PublicationHerein we present a study on polymer-derived silicon oxycarbide (SiOC)/graphite composites for a potential application as an electrode in high power energy storage devices, such as Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC). The composites were processed using high power ultrasound-assisted sol-gel synthesis followed by pyrolysis. The intensive sonication enhances gelation and drying process, improving the homogenous distribution of the graphitic...
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Effect of SiC on the corrosion behaviour of chromium coatings
PublicationWarstwy kompozytowe Cr-SiC osadzono z kąpieli zawierającej Cr(VI) oraz zielony proszek SiC. Zawartość SiC w warstwie chromowej wynosiła od 0,1-0,9% wag. Badania XPS wykazały iż SiC pokrywała warstwa SiO2, która powstała w wyniku utleniania SiC za pomocą Cr(VI). Przeprowadzono badania potencjodynamiczne i badania za pomocą spektroskopii impedancyjnej w celu określenia właściwości korozyjnych warstw Cr-SiC w środowisku kwaśnym....
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Quest for the Molecular Basis of Improved Selective Toxicity of All-Trans Isomers of Aromatic Heptaene Macrolide Antifungal Antibiotics
PublicationThree aromatic heptaene macrolide antifungal antibiotics, Candicidin D, Partricin A (Gedamycin) and Partricin B (Vacidin) were subjected to controlled cis-trans to all trans photochemical isomerization. The obtained all-trans isomers demonstrated substantially improved in vitro selective toxicity in the Candida albicans cells: human erythrocytes model. This effect was mainly due to the diminished hemotoxicity. The molecular modeling...
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2-D constitutive equations for orthotropic Cosserat type laminated shells in finite element analysis
PublicationWe propose 2-D Cosserat type orthotropic constitutive equations for laminated shells for the purpose of initial failure estimation in a laminate layer. We use nonlinear 6-parameter shell theory with asymmetric membrane strain measures and Cosserat kinematics as the framework. This theory is specially dedicated to the analysis of irregular shells, inter alia, with orthogonal intersections, since it takes into account the drilling...