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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: 2-D DOA ESTIMATION
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Simple 2-D Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using an ESPAR Antenna
PublikacjaIn this letter, it has been shown how an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna can be used for 2-D direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation employing received signal strength (RSS) values only. The proposed approach relies on changes in RSS values recorded at the antenna output port observed for different vertical and horizontal directions, while antenna’s main beam sweeps 360° area around the ESPAR antenna. Based...
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ESPAR Antenna-Based WSN Node With DoA Estimation Capability
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a low-cost energy-efficient electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna-based wireless sensor network (WSN) node designed for IEEE 802.15.4 standard that is capable of performing direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in real-life outdoor environments. To this end, we propose the WSN node architecture, design and realization that utilizes NXP JN5168 radio frequency (RF) wireless transceiver...
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On Radar DoA Estimation and Tilted Rotating Electronically Scanned Arrays
PublikacjaWe consider DoA estimation in a monopulse radar system employing a tilted rotating array. We investigate the case of nonzero steering angles, in which case the mapping between the target’s azimuth and elevation in the global coordinate system and their counterparts in the array local coordinate system becomes increasingly nonlinear and coupled. Since estimating the azimuth using coherently integrated signals might be difficult because...
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Calibration of acoustic vector sensor based on MEMS microphones for DOA estimation
PublikacjaA procedure of calibration of a custom 3D acoustic vector sensor (AVS) for the purpose of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, is presented and validated in the paper. AVS devices working on a p-p principle may be constructed from standard pressure sensors and a signal processing system. However, in order to ensure accurate DoA estimation, each sensor needs to be calibrated. The proposed algorithm divides the calibration process...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation for ESPAR Antennas Using Support Vector Machine
PublikacjaIn this letter, it is shown how direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation for electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas, which are designed to be integrated within wireless sensor network nodes, can be improved by applying support vector classification approach to received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at an antenna's output port. The proposed method relies on ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns measured...
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Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna for RSS-Based DoA Estimation in IoT Applications
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a low-profile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna that can successfully be used to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DoA) of incoming signals in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, in which the height of the complete antenna has to be low. The proposed antenna is over three times lower than high-profile ESPAR antenna designs currently available in the literature...
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A novel calibration method for RSS-based DoA estimation using ESPAR antennas
PublikacjaIn this paper, we introduce a new calibration method that can successfully be used in direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas and employing power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at the antenna output port. Instead of the commonly used two-step approach, during which ESPAR antenna calibration...
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RSS-based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antennas and Interpolated Radiation Patterns
PublikacjaIn this letter, it is shown how an algorithm, which employs received signal strength (RSS) values in order to estimate direction-of-arrival (DoA) of impinging signals in wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes equipped with electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas, can easily be improved by applying an interpolation algorithm to radiation patterns recorded in the calibration phase of the DoA estimation process....
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Influence of ESPAR antenna radiation patterns shape on PPCC-based DoA estimation accuracy
PublikacjaIn the article, we show the influence of three different electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna radiation patterns on the overall direction of arrival (DoA) estimation accuracy when power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, relying on received signal strength (RSS) values, is used for the estimation. The ESPAR antenna designs were obtained for three optimization goals, which resulted in different...
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DoA Estimation Using Reconfigurable Antennas in Millimiter-Wave Frequency 5G Systems
PublikacjaTo achieve low latency and high throughputs, future 5G systems will have to utilize complex antenna systems able to provide beamforming and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation capabilities. Most of the concepts available in the literature rely on analog or digital beamforming, which is well developed and can be used both at a base station and in a user terminal. However, in applications, in which...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna Radiation Patterns Spline Interpolation
PublikacjaIn this paper, it is shown how power pattern crosscorrelation (PPCC) algorithm, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna output port, used for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation, can easily be improved by applying spline interpolation to radiation patterns recorded in the calibration phase of the DoA estimation process. The proposed method...
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Influence of ESPAR Antenna Radiation Patterns Shape on PPCC-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy
PublikacjaIn the article, we show the influence of three different electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna radiation patterns on the overall direction of arrival (DoA) estimation accuracy when power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, relying on received signal strength (RSS) values, is used for the estimation. The ESPAR antenna designs were obtained for three optimization...
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On DoA estimation for rotating arrays using stochastic maximum likelihood approach
PublikacjaThe flexibility needed to construct DoA estimators that can be used with rotating arrays subject to rapid variations of the signal frequency is offered by the stochastic maximum likelihood approach. Using a combination of analytic methods and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that for low and moderate source correlations the stochastic maximum likelihood estimator that assumes noncorrelated sources has accuracy comparable to the...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna for V2X Applications in 802.11p Frequency Band
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have proposed direction-of arrival (DoA) estimation of incoming signals for V2X applications in 802. 11p frequency band, based on recording of received signal strength (RSS) at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna's output port. The motivation of the work was to prove that ESPAR antenna used to increase connectivity and security in V2X communication can be also used for DoA estimation....
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Efficient RSS-Based DoA Estimation for ESPAR Antennas Using Multiplane SDR Calibration Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a new method to improve overall efficiency of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation scheme relying on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the output port of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna. The proposed approach uses software-defined radio (SDR) setup and power pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) estimator involving multiple calibration planes. By placing...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna for V2X Applications in 802.11p Frequency Band
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have proposed direction-of arrival (DoA) estimation of incoming signals for V2X applications in 802. 11p frequency band, based on recording of received signal strength (RSS) at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna's output port. The motivation of the work was to prove that ESPAR antenna used to increase connectivity and security in V2X communication can...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation in 802.11p Frequency Band Using ESPAR Antenna and PPCC-MCP Method
PublikacjaIn this paper, the concept of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna designed to operate in IEEE 802.11p vehicular communication standard has been investigated with respect to different possible elevation angles of a radio frequency (RF) signal impinging the antenna. To this end, two different possible sets of the 3D antenna radiation patterns have been used...
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely on received signal strength...
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely...
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Accurate PPCC-Based DoA Estimation Using Multiple Calibration Planes for WSN Nodes Equipped with ESPAR Antennas
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a new direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation method, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the output port of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and uses the power pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) estimator. In the method, we have successfully incorporated measurements of ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns performed at multiple calibration...
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N-Alkylation of D-glucosamine and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucitol-6-phosphate
PublikacjaTematem pracy była synteza N-alkilowych pochodnych D-glukosaminy i 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glukitolo-6-fosforanu
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N-alkyl derivatives of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose
PublikacjaMono- i di-N-alkilowe pochodne 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetylo-2-amino-2-deoksy-beta-D-glukozy (alkil = metyl, etyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, heksyl, benzyl) otrzymano w wyniku redukcyjnej alkilacji per-O-acetylo-D-glukozaminy. (N-etylo, N-propylo, N-butylo, N-pentylo, N-heksylo)-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetylo-2-amino-2-deoksy-beta-D-glukozy deacetylowano w celu podjęcia prób enzymatycznej fosforylacji. Wszystkie produkty scharakteryzowano za pomocą...
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Application of the distributed transfer function method and the rigid finite element method for modelling of 2-D and 3-D systems
PublikacjaIn the paper application of the Distributed Transfer Function Method and the Rigid Finite Element Method for modelling of 2-D and 3-D systems is presented. In this method an elastic body is divided into 1-D distributed parameter elements (strips or prisms). The whole body (divided into strips or prism) is described by a set of coupled partial differential equations. Solving this equations in the state space form it is possible...
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2-D constitutive equations for orthotropic Cosserat type laminated shells in finite element analysis
PublikacjaWe propose 2-D Cosserat type orthotropic constitutive equations for laminated shells for the purpose of initial failure estimation in a laminate layer. We use nonlinear 6-parameter shell theory with asymmetric membrane strain measures and Cosserat kinematics as the framework. This theory is specially dedicated to the analysis of irregular shells, inter alia, with orthogonal intersections, since it takes into account the drilling...
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Synthesis of 2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucitol-6-sulfonic acid as a potential antifungal agent.
PublikacjaGlucosamine-6P (GlcN-6P) synthase catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of UDP-GlcNAc, a sugar nucleotide precursor providing D-glucosamine for the formation of chitin and manoproteins. 2-Amino-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucitol-6-sulfonic acid is an analog of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucitol 6-phosphate (GlcN-ol-6-P), a known inhibitor of GlcN-6-P synthase, in which the phosphate group of the latter...
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Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis of Functionally Graded Shells Based on 2-D Cosserat Constitutive Model
PublikacjaIn this paper geometrically nonlinear analysis of functionally graded shells in 6-parameter shell theory is presented. It is assumed that the shell consists of two constituents: ceramic and metal. The mechanical properties are graded through the thickness and are described by power law distribution. Formulation based on 2-D Cosserat constitutive model is used to derive constitutive relation for functionally graded shells. Numerical...
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Analytical Expression for the Time-Domain Discrete Green's Function of a Plane Wave Propagating in the 2-D FDTD Grid
PublikacjaIn this letter, a new closed-form expression for the time-domain discrete Green's function (DGF) of a plane wave propagating in the 2-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grid is derived. For the sake of its verification, the time-domain implementation of the analytic field propagator (AFP) technique was developed for the plane wave injection in 2-D total-field/scattered-field (TFSF) FDTD simulations. Such an implementation of...
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Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Titanium Dioxide Modified with 1 D and 2 D Carbon Structures for Photocatalysis
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The Efficacious Benefit of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D to Prevent COVID-19: An In-Silico Study Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
PublikacjaThe environment has rapidly looked at proven specialist task forces in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic to build public health policies and measures to mitigate the effects of emerging coronaviruses. According to the researchers, taking 10 μg of 25-hydroxy vitamin D daily is recommended to keep us safe. There have been several studies recently indicating that there is a reduced risk of contracting Coronavirus by 25-hydroxy...
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Hydrophobic derivatives of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucitol-6-phosphate: a newtype of D-glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors with antifungal action.
PublikacjaDokonano syntezy szeregu N-acylowych i estrowych pochodnych 2-amino-2-deok-sy-glucitolo-6-fosforanu (ADGP) i zbadano ich aktywność przeciwgrzybową oraz wobec enzymów zaangażowanych we wczesne etapy biosyntezy chityny w komórkach grzybów. Wszystkie badane pochodne okazały się słabszymi inhibitorami enzymu syntezy GlcN-6-P aniżeli ADGP, ale niektóre z nich wykazywały znacznie wyższą aktywność przeciwgrzybową niż związek macierzysty....
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Dwufazowy, termosyfonowy wymiennik ciepła - R&D. Część 2
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono konstrukcję dwufazowego, termosyfonowego wymiennika ciepła (DTWC), która jest chroniona patentem. Zaprezentowano wybrane wyniki badań cieplnych DTWC, m.in. wpływ rodzaju rurek użytych do budowy pęczków rur parownika (gładkie, karbowane i z powłoka porowatą), na uzyskiwane współczynniki przejmowania ciepła. Zaproponowano algorytm do szacowania strumienia ciepła przenoszonego w DTWC.
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Diosgenyl 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranoside: synthesis, derivatives and antimicrobial activity
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of betulin-3-yl 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glycopyranosides
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Intercalation complex of imidazoacridinone C-1311, a potential anticancer drug, with DNA helix d(CGATCG)2: stereostructural studies by 2D NMR spectroscopy.
PublikacjaImidazoacridinone C-1311 (Symadex®) is a powerful antitumor agent, which successfully made its way through the Phase I clinical trials and has been recommended for Phase II few a years ago. It has been shown experimentally that during the initial stage of its action C-1311 forms a relatively stable intercalation complex with DNA, yet it has shown no base-sequence specificity while binding to DNA. In this paper, the d(CGATCG)2:C-1311...
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Analysis of electromagnetic plane wave scattering from 2-d periodic arrangements of posts
PublikacjaArtykuł prezentuje metodę analizy rozpraszania fali elektromagnetycznej od układu periodycznie rozłożonych obiektów cylindrycznych na płaszczyźnie. Opisywane podejście analizy wykorzystuje pełnofalowe rozwiązanie oparte na metodzie dopasowania rodzajów. Wynikiem analizy jest wielorodzajowa macierz rozproszenia badanych powierzchni periodycznych.
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Application of different building representation techniques in HEC-RAS 2-D for urban flood modeling using the Toce River experimental case
PublikacjaThis paper presents the impact of the choice of building representation techniques and hydrodynamic models on urban flood simulations using HEC-RAS 2-D for the Toce River physical model. To this end, eight numerical models based on previous laboratory experiments were prepared to simulate unsteady urban flooding on each side of building units. Two simplified building layouts (aligned and staggered) were examined, where models were...
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Structural Factors Affecting Cytotoxic Activity of (E)-1-(Benzo[d ][1,3]oxathiol-6-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one Derivatives
PublikacjaDerivatives of (E)-1-(5-alkoxybenzo[d][1,3]oxathiol-6-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (1) demonstrated exceptionally high in vitro cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values of the most active derivatives in the nanomolar range. To identify structural fragments necessary for the activity, several analogs deprived of selected fragments were prepared, and their cytotoxic activity was tested. It was found that the activity depends on combined effects...
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C-1311 (Symadex), a potential anti-cancer drug, intercalates into DNA between A and G moieties. NMR-derived and MD-refined stereostructure of the d(GAGGCCTC) 2 :C-1311 complex
PublikacjaImidazoacridinone C-1311 (Symadex®) is an antitumor agent which has been recommended for Phase II clinical trials a few years ago. Previously, it was shown experimentally that during the initial stage of its action C-1311 forms stable intercalation complexes with DNA duplexes. Herein, a NMR-derived stereostructure of d(GAGGCCTC)2:C-1311 complex was reported. The ligand was found locating itself between A and G moieties, forming...
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The lipophilicity estimation of 5-arylidene derivatives of (2-thio)hydantoin with antimycobacterial activity
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<title>Recurrent neural network application to image filtering: 2-D Kalman filtering approach</title>
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Molecular basis of lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity in Escherichia coli: envelope stress-responsive regulators control the incorporation of glycoforms with a third 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid and rhamnose.
PublikacjaMass spectrometric analyses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from isogenic Escherichia coli strains with nonpolar mutations in the waa locus or overexpression of their cognate genes revealed that waaZ and waaS are the structural genes required for the incorporation of the third 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) linked to Kdo disaccharide and rhamnose, respectively. The incorporation of rhamnose requires prior sequential incorporation...
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Co-crystals of iodopentafluorobenzene with nitrogen donors: 2-D molecular assemblies through halogen bonding and aryl-perfluoroaryl interactions
PublikacjaWspółkrystalizacja pentafluorojodobenzenu z metylowymi pochodnymi pirydyny prowadzi do powstania heterodimerów stabilizowanych wiązaniem halogenowym C-I...N, które organizują się w dwuwymiarowe struktury typu brick-wall, utrzymywane oddziaływaniami pi-pi pomiędzy jednostkami arylowymi i perfluoroarylowymi.
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Molecular dynamics study of 4-OH-phenylacetyl- D -Y(Me)FQNRPR-NH 2 selectivity to V1a receptor
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Geometrically nonlinear FEM analysis of 6-parameter resultant shell theory based on 2-D Cosserat constitutive model
PublikacjaWe develop the elastic constitutive law for the resultant statically and kinematically exact, nonlinear, 6-parameter shell theory. The Cosserat plane stress equations are integrated through-the- thickness under assumption of the Reissner-Mindlin kinematics. The resulting constitutive equations for stress resultant and couple resultants are expressed in terms of two micropolar constants: the micropolar modulus Gc and the micropolar...
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MAX phase ternary carbide derived 2-D ceramic nanostructures [CDCN] as chemically interactive functional fillers for damage tolerant epoxy polymer nanocomposites
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Authors’ response to Dr Finsterer's comment “Exclude differentials before diagnosing SARS-CoV-2-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis” (THEIJID-D-22-00008)
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TU-D-BRB-09: Dosimetric Validation of the Proton-Sensitive BANG® 3 PRO-2 Polymer Gel Dosimeter Irradiated by Single Field Therapeutic Proton Beams
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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using an ESPAR Antenna with Simplified Beam Steering
PublikacjaIn this paper, it has been shown, how electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, in which beam steering is done in a simple way, can be used for directionof- arrival (DoA) estimation of an unknown signal impinging the antenna. The concept is based on an ESPAR antenna having twelve parasitic elements, in which beam switching is realized by RF switches providing required loads to its parasitic elements. Numerical...
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Detection and Direction-of-Arrival Estimation of Weak Spread Spectrum Signals Received with Antenna Array
PublikacjaThis paper presents a method for the joint detection and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of low probability of detection (LPD) signals. The proposed approach is based on using the antenna array to receive spread-spectrum signals hidden below the noise floor. Array processing exploits the spatial correlation between phase-delayed copies of the signal and allows us to evaluate the parameter used to make the decision about the...
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Pochodne kwasu neopentylidenofosforoditiowego jako substraty do syntezy ugrupowania trisulfidowego
PublikacjaBadania przeprowadzone w Katedrze Chemii Organicznej Wydziału Chemicznego Politechniki Gdańskiej na przestrzeni ostatnich kilku lat, pokazały wszechstronność pochodnych kwasu neopentylidenofosforoditiowego [32] w syntezie symetrycznie i niesymetrycznie podstawionego ugrupowania disulfidowego. Wyniki powyższych badań doprowadziły do opracowania nowej strategii syntetycznej, umożliwiającej otrzymywanie...
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Direction of Arrival Estimation Based on Received Signal Strength Using Two-Row Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator Antenna
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a novel approach to direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using two-row electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna which has 12 passive elements and allows for elevation and azimuth beam switching using a simple microcontroller, relying solely on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the antenna output port. To this end, we thoroughly investigate all 18 available 3D antenna...
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Two-Row ESPAR Antenna with Simple Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching
PublikacjaIn this letter, we propose a two-row electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna designed for direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in Internet of Things (IoT) applications relying on simple microcontrollers. The antenna is capable of elevation and azimuth beam switching using a simple microcontroller-oriented steering circuit and provides 18 directional radiation patterns, which can be grouped in 3 distinctive...
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Verification of ESPAR Antennas Performance in the Simple and Calibration Free Localization System
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of simulations and measurements of an indoor localization system that uses Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antennas with switched directional beam. Proposed antennas are dedicated for 2.4GHz ISM low-cost applications where determination of the incoming signal is required. The antennas performance is analyzed and verified with relation to positioning methods based on the...
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Allocation of tools to machines in a flexible machining cell. W: Computerintegrated manufacturing. Advanced design and management. Ed.: B. Skołud, D. Krenczyk. Warszawa: Wydaw. Nauk.-Tech.**2003 s. 486-493, 5 rys. 2 tabl.bibliogr. 10 poz. Przydział narzędzi do obrabiarek w elastycznym gnieździe obróbkowym.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono zagadnienia modelowania i analizy przepływu narzędzi w wielo-maszynowym elastycznym gnieździe, zorientowanym na wytwarzanie przedmiotów klasy korpus. Zaproponowano oryginalną metodę i algorytmy współbieżnego sze-regowania zadań produkcyjnych i przydziału narzędzi w warunkach ograniczono-ści zasobów systemu. Wybrane strategie przydziału operacji technologicznych i adekwatnych zestawów narzędziowych poddano analizie...
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On trees with equal 2-domination and 2-outer-independent domination numbers
PublikacjaFor a graph G = (V,E), a subset D \subseteq V(G) is a 2-dominating set if every vertex of V(G)\D$ has at least two neighbors in D, while it is a 2-outer-independent dominating set if additionally the set V(G)\D is independent. The 2-domination (2-outer-independent domination, respectively) number of G, is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating (2-outer-independent dominating, respectively) set of G. We characterize all trees...
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Multiresolution analysis and adaptive estimation on a sphere using stereographic wavelets
PublikacjaWe construct an adaptive estimator of a density function on d dimensional unit sphere Sd (d ≥ 2), using a new type of spherical frames. The frames, or as we call them, stereografic wavelets are obtained by transforming a wavelet system, namely Daubechies, using some stereographic operators. We prove that our estimator achieves an optimal rate of convergence on some Besov type class of functions by adapting to unknown smoothness....
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On the ratio between 2-domination and total outer-independent domination numbers of trees
PublikacjaA 2-dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V(G)D has a at least two neighbors in D. A total outer-independent dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G has a neighbor in D, and the set V(G)D is independent. The 2-domination (total outer-independent domination, respectively) number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating (total...
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On trees with double domination number equal to 2-outer-independent domination number plus one
PublikacjaA vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A double dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D. The double domination number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a double dominating set of G. For a graph G=(V,E), a subset D subseteq V(G) is a 2-dominating set if every vertex of V(G)D has at least two neighbors...
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2-outer-independent domination in graphs
PublikacjaWe initiate the study of 2-outer-independent domination in graphs. A 2-outer-independent dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V(G)\D has at least two neighbors in D, and the set V(G)\D is independent. The 2-outer-independent domination number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a 2-outer-independent dominating set of G. We show that if a graph has minimum degree at least two,...
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An upper bound on the 2-outer-independent domination number of a tree
PublikacjaA 2-outer-independent dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V(G)D has a at least two neighbors in D, and the set V(G)D is independent. The 2-outer-independent domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_2^{oi}(G), is the minimum cardinality of a 2-outer-independent dominating set of G. We prove that for every nontrivial tree T of order n with l leaves we have gamma_2^{oi}(T) <= (n+l)/2,...
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On trees with double domination number equal to 2-domination number plus one
PublikacjaA vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A subset D subseteq V(G) is a 2-dominating set of G if every vertex of V(G)D is dominated by at least two vertices of D, while it is a double dominating set of G if every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D. The 2-domination (double domination, respectively) number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating (double dominating,...
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On the use of a charge balancing method for low energy measurements
PublikacjaThe paper presents the method for the estimation of the energy consumption of the low-power microcontroller-based devices. Due to high dynamics of the changes of the supply current of the tested devices during the operational cycle, the consumed energy estimation is not easy. In order to avoid disadvantages of known methods, the charge balancing method was employed similarly like in some types of A/D converters.
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Energy policy and the role of bioenergy in Poland
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono sytuacje energetyczną kraju. Omówiono poszczególne sektory wytwarzania energii oraz zapotrzebowania na energię i paliwa. Omówiono przekształcenia sektorów energetycznych w Polsce na przestrzeni lat 1990-2002. Na tym tle przedstawiono techniczne, ekonomiczne, społeczne i prawne aspekty rozwoju energetyki źródeł odnawialnych a w szczególności opartych o bioenergię. Przedstawiono wnioski dla Polski płynące z dotychczasowych...
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An Alternative Proof of a Lower Bound on the 2-Domination Number of a Tree
PublikacjaA 2-dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex not in D has a at least two neighbors in D. The 2-domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_2(G), is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating set of G. Fink and Jacobson [n-domination in graphs, Graph theory with applications to algorithms and computer science, Wiley, New York, 1985, 283-300] established the following lower bound on the 2-domination...
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2-bondage in graphs
PublikacjaA 2-dominating set of a graph G=(V,E) is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V(G)D has at least two neighbors in D. The 2-domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_2(G), is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating set of G. The 2-bondage number of G, denoted by b_2(G), is the minimum cardinality among all sets of edges E' subseteq E such that gamma_2(G-E') > gamma_2(G). If for every E' subseteq E we have...
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Vision-based parking lot occupancy evaluation system using 2D separable discrete wavelet transform
PublikacjaA simple system for rough estimation of the occupancy of an ad-hoc organized parking lot is presented. A reasonably simple microprocessor hardware with a low resolution monochrome video camera observing the parking lot from the location high above the parking surface is capable of running the proposed 2-D separable discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based algorithm, reporting the percentage of the observed parking area occupied by...
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Synchronization helps robots to detect black holes in directed graphs
PublikacjaPraca zawiera nowe wyniki dla problemu poszukiwania czarnej dziury w grafie skierowanym przez zbiór agentów. Czarna dziura jest węzłem niszczącym wszystkich wchodzącej do niej agentów. Pokazano, że w przypadku, gdy stopień wejściowy czarnej dziury wynosi D, do przeszukania grafu skierowanego w modelu synchronicznym wystarcza O(D 2^D) agentów. Wartość ta jest bliska znanemu z literatury oszacowaniu dolnemu Omega (2^D). W pracy pokazano...
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Non-isolating 2-bondage in graphs
PublikacjaA 2-dominating set of a graph G=(V,E) is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V(G)D has at least two neighbors in D. The 2-domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_2(G), is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating set of G. The non-isolating 2-bondage number of G, denoted by b_2'(G), is the minimum cardinality among all sets of edges E' subseteq E such that delta(G-E') >= 1 and gamma_2(G-E') > gamma_2(G)....
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Synthesis of conjugates of muramyl dipeptide and nor-muramyl dipeptide derivatives with adenosine as potential immunosuppressant
PublikacjaZaprezentowano syntezę koniugatów adenozyny z pochodnymi muramylo- i nor-muramylodipeptydów zawierających w części peptydowej D-aminokwasy (D-Ala, D-Val, D-Ser, D-Pro, D-2-ABA). Jako substrat zastosowano rybozyd 6-chloropuryny, który łączono poprzez 1,2-diaminoetan z odpowiednimi pochodnymi MDP lub nor-MDP w obecności EDCI i HOBt. Struktury otrzymanych związków zostały potwierdzone widmami 1H i 13C NMR (500 MHz), widmami MS oraz...
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Synthesis of conjugates of muramyl dipeptide and nor-muramyl dipeptide derivatives with adenosine as potential immunosuppressants
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono syntezę koniugatów pochodnych muramylodipeptydu (MDP) i nor-MDP z adenozyną jako potencjalnych związków o działaniu immunosupresyjnym. Jako substrat zastosowano rybozyd 6-chloropuryny, który łączonp poprzez 1,2-diaminoetan z pochodną MDP lub nor-MDP. Do syntezy wykorzystano pochodne MDP zawierające w części peptydowej D-aminokwasy (D-Ala, D-Val, D-Ser, D-Pro, D-2-ABA). Jako odczynniki sprzęgające zastosowano EDCI...
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X-ray diffraction and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy of methyl 3azido-2,3-dideoxy-ŕD-lyxo-hexopyranoside
PublikacjaOpisano strukturę 3-azydo-2,3 dideoksy-ŕ-d-lykso-heksopiranozydu metylu na podstawie danych otrzymanych przy pomocy rentgenowskiej analizy strukturalnej oraz wysokorozdzielczej spektroskopii magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego. Przedyskutowano również wpływ pierścieniowego atomu tlenu na wartości stałych sprężeń atomów wodoru przy atomach C6 i C1 pierścienia 2-deoksy-D-lyksooraz-D-ksylo-heksopiranozydów.
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A new method of wind farm active power curve estimation based on statistical approach
PublikacjaThe purpose of this paper is to solve the wind farm active power estimation problem, introducing the method which is based on a statistical approach and robust fitting. The proposed algorithm uses a statistical approach and compared to existing ones- includes a wind direction as well as the influence of turbine start-up procedure on the estimation. The results show that additional estimation inputs i.e. the wind direction and the...
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Fast Collaborative Graph Exploration
PublikacjaWe study the following scenario of online graph exploration. A team of k agents is initially located at a distinguished vertex r of an undirected graph. At every time step, each agent can traverse an edge of the graph. All vertices have unique identifiers, and upon entering a vertex, an agent obtains the list of identifiers of all its neighbors. We ask how many time steps are required to complete exploration, i.e., to make sure...
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Impact of aeration conditions on the removal of low concentrations of nitrogen in a tertiary partially aerated biological filter
PublikacjaA submerged biological aerated filter (BAF) partially aerated was used to study the removal of low concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (0.3 g N/m3 to 30.5 g N/m3) typically found in nutrient enriched river and lake waters, and treated effluents. Four series of experiments were performed with a synthetic wastewater at ammonia loading rates between 6 g N/m3 d and 903 g N/m3 d and C/N ratios from 2 to 20. The results showed that ammonia...
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The first compound with an unusual type of anion, [Li(SR)2]-:bis(µ2-aqua-d2)tetrakis(aqua-d2)]dilithium(I)bis[bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato-k2O,S)lithate(I)]dihydrate-d2
PublikacjaTytułowy związek [Li2(D2O)6][Li(C9H27SSiO3)2]2*2D2O, jest pierwszym związkiem z wiązaniem S-M (M-metal alkaliczny), zawierającym niespotykany typ anionu litanowego: [Li(SR)2]-,gdzie R=Si{OC{CH3)3}3. Centrum symetrii związku znajduję się pośrodku pierścienia Li2O2 wchodzącego w skład kationu. Wszystkie atomy litu budujące rdzenie kationów - LiO4 i anionów - LiO2S2, są czterokoordynacyjne. Jednoujemne aniony [Li(SR)2]- są dobrze...
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D-Tagatoza - prosty cukier o ogromnym potencjale aplikacyjnym
PublikacjaD-Tagatoza jest naturalnym cukrem prostym, występującym w przyrodzie w niewielkich ilościach. D-Tagatoza jest ketoheksozą, epimerem D-fruktozy oraz izomerem D-galaktozy. Jest to związek dobrze rozpuszczalny w wodzie, stabilny w pH 2-7 i wykazujący słodki smak. Słodkość D-tagatozy wynosi 92% słodkości sacharozy, jednak jej kaloryczność jest znacznie niższa. Wysoka słodkość oraz niska wartość kaloryczna D-tagatozy sprawiają, iż stanowi...
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Marcinkiewicz Averages of Smooth Orthogonal Projections on Sphere
PublikacjaWe construct a single smooth orthogonal projection with desired localization whose average under a group action yields the decomposition of the identity operator. For any full rank lattice \Gamma ⊂ R^d , a smooth projection is localized in a neighborhood of an arbitrary precompact fundamental domain R^d / \Gamma. We also show the existence of a highly localized smooth orthogonal projection, whose Marcinkiewicz average under the...
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A lower bound on the double outer-independent domination number of a tree
PublikacjaA vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A double outer-independent dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D, and the set V(G)D is independent. The double outer-independent domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_d^{oi}(G), is the minimum cardinality of a double outer-independent dominating set of G. We...
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The homotopy type of the space of gradient vector fields on the two-dimensional disc
PublikacjaWe prove that the inclusion of the space of gradient vector fields into the space of all vector fields on D^2 non-vanishing in S^1 is a homotopy equivalence
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3-D finite-difference time-domain modelling of ground penetrating radar for identification of rebars in complex reinforced concrete structures
PublikacjaThis paper presents numerical and experimental investigations to identify reinforcing bars using the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method. A novel element of the paper is the inspection of different arrangements of reinforcement bars. Two particular problems, i.e. detection of few adjacent transverse bars and detection of a longitudinal bar located over or under transverse reinforcement, have been raised. An attention was also...
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Synthesis of phosphono and phosphate derivatives of hydroxyimino-D-alditols as new potential antifungal agents
PublikacjaIn search for new effective we antyfungals we focus on two enzymes involved in biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall. The first enzyme is glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlmS), which catalyzes transformation of D-fructose-6-phosphate (Fru-6P) to D-glucosamine-6-phodphate (GlcN-6P) in the chitin biosynthesis pathway. The second enzyme is phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) repored to play a crucial role in biosynthesis of many mannosylated structures,...
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Synthetic, Structural, and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Novel Family of High-Spin Iron(II) [(β-Diketiminate)(phosphanylphosphido)] Complexes
PublikacjaThis work describes a series of iron(II) phosphanylphosphido complexes. These compounds were obtained by reacting lithiated diphosphanes R2PP(SiMe3)Li (R = t-Bu, i-Pr) with an iron(II) β-diketiminate complex, [LFe(μ2-Cl)2Li(DME)2] (1), where DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane and L = Dippnacnac (β-diketiminate). While the reaction of 1 with t-Bu2PP(SiMe3)Li yields [LFe(η1-Me3SiPPt- Bu2)] (2), that of 1 with equimolar amounts of i-Pr2PP(SiMe3)Li,...
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THE SYNCHROSQUEEZING METHOD IN BEARING ESTIMATION OF STATIONARY SIGNALS FOR PASSIVE SONAR WITH TOWED ARRAY
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel method of bearing estimation in a passive sonar system with a towed array is introduced. The classical approach of bearing estimation based on the spatial spectrum [1] is extended by using the synchrosqeezing method that is a part of the reassignment method introduced by Kodera et al. [2]. Using this method leads to a precise bearing estimation. The proposed method requires a relatively small amount of computation,...
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A lower bound on the total outer-independent domination number of a tree
PublikacjaA total outer-independent dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G has a neighbor in D, and the set V(G)D is independent. The total outer-independent domination number of a graph G, denoted by gamma_t^{oi}(G), is the minimum cardinality of a total outer-independent dominating set of G. We prove that for every nontrivial tree T of order n with l leaves we have gamma_t^{oi}(T) >= (2n-2l+2)/3,...
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Fast collaborative graph exploration
PublikacjaWe study the following scenario of online graph exploration. A team of k agents is initially located at a distinguished vertex r of an undirected graph. At every time step, each agent can traverse an edge of the graph. All vertices have unique identifiers, and upon entering a vertex, an agent obtains the list of identifiers of all its neighbors. We ask how many time steps are required to complete exploration, i.e., to make sure...
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Distributed largest-first algorithm for graph coloring.
PublikacjaW artykule zaprezentowano rozproszony, probabilistyczny algorytm kolorowania grafów. Kolorowanie uzyskane jest optymalne lub prawie optymalne dla takich klas grafów jak koła dwudzielne, gąsienice czy korony. Udowodniono, że algorytm ten działa w czasie O(D^2 log n) rund dla dowolnego grafu n wierzchołkowegoo stopniu maksymalnym D.
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Efficiency of pollutant removal by five multistage constructed wetlands in a temperate climate
PublikacjaIn recent years, an increase in interest in hybrid constructed wetland systems (HCWs) has beenobserved. These systems are composed of two or more filters with different modes of sewage flow.Based on over eight years of monitoring, carried out at five local HCWs located in the PomeraniaRegion of Northern Poland, the effective removal of organic matter (from 74.9 to 95.5% COD) in theloading range 1.5-17.0 g COD·m-2·d-1 was confirmed....
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Silver(I) complexes with nitrile ligands: New materials with versatile applications
PublikacjaIn the present study, the structure, thermal stability, conductive properties, and antimicrobial activity of silver(I) complexes with nitrile ligands were investigated. For the construction of the materials, 2-cyanopyridine (2-cpy), 4-cyanopyridine (4-cpy), 1,2-dicyanobenzene (1,2-dcb), and 1,3-dicyanobenzene (1,3-dcb) were used in addition to the silver nitrite and nitrate. Four new compounds were isolated and structurally characterized:...
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Dia- and paramagnetic contributions to magnetizabilities of relativistic hydrogenlike atoms in some low-lying discrete energy eigenstates
PublikacjaIn this paper we present tabulated data for relative diamagnetic and paramagentic contributions to the magnetizability ($\chi$) of the relativistic hydrogenlike atoms with a pointlike, motionless and spinless nucleus of charge $Ze$. Utilizing general analytical formulas for the diamagnetic ($\chi_{d}$) and paramagnetic ($\chi_{p}$) components of $\chi$, recently derived by us [P. Stefa{\'n}ska, 2020] with the aid of the Gordon...
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Polynomial Algorithm for Minimal (1,2)-Dominating Set in Networks
PublikacjaDominating sets find application in a variety of networks. A subset of nodes D is a (1,2)-dominating set in a graph G=(V,E) if every node not in D is adjacent to a node in D and is also at most a distance of 2 to another node from D. In networks, (1,2)-dominating sets have a higher fault tolerance and provide a higher reliability of services in case of failure. However, finding such the smallest set is NP-hard. In this paper, we...
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Molecular modelling of transition state analogue inhibitors of glucosamine-6-P synthase and glucose-6-P isomerase.
PublikacjaStruktura kompleksu 2-amino-2-deoksy-D-glucitolo-6-P (ADGP) z centrum aktywnym syntazy GlcN-6-P z E. coli została wykorzystAna jako punkt wyjścia do modelowania molekularnego analogów ADGP. Używając programu GROMOS96 wygenerowano konformacje analogów o najniższych energiach wewnętrznych, które następnie ''dokowano'' w centrum aktywnym enzymu. Dokonano syntezy wybranych związków i określono parametry kinetyczne i termodynamiczne...
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In vitro affinity of Deinococcus radiodurans MutS towards mismatched DNA exceeds that of its orthologues from Escherichia coli and Thermus thermophilus
PublikacjaThe mismatch binding protein MutS is responsible for the recognition of mispaired and unpaired bases, which is the initial step in DNA repair. Among the MutS proteins most extensively studied in vitro are those derived from Thermus thermophilus, Thermus aquaticus and Escherichia coli. Here, we present the first report on the in vitro examination of DNA mismatch binding activity of MutS protein from Deinococcus radiodurans and confront...
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Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Mutagenic Activity of a New Class of d-Xylopyranosides
PublikacjaEight N-[2-(2′,3′,4′-tri-O-acetyl-α/β-d-xylopyranosyloxy)ethyl]ammonium bromides, a new class of d-xylopyranosides containing a quaternary ammonium aglycone, were obtained. Their complete structure was confirmed using NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, COSY and HSQC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). An antimicrobial activity against fungi (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia...
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Application of the 2-deoxyglucose scaffold as a new chiral probe for elucidation of the absolute configuration of secondary alcohols
PublikacjaHerein, we present the application of 2-deoxy-D-glucose derivatives as chiral probes for elucidation of the absolute configuration of chiral secondary alcohols. The probes are attached to the studied molecules via glycosylation reaction and the resulting products are examined by a set of standard 2D NMR experiments. The absolute configuration of an oxymethine carbon atom binding the probe is established on a basis of a set of diagnostic...
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A note on the strength and minimum color sum of bipartite graphs
PublikacjaSiłą grafu G nazywamy najmniejszą liczbę całkowitą s, taką że istniej pokolorowanie grafu G, o minimalnej sumie przy użyciu kolorów {1,...,s}. W pracy pokazano, że w grafach dwudzielnych stopnia D zachodzi oszacowanie s <= ceil(D/2) + 1. Z obserwacji tej wynika algorytm wielomianowy do obliczania siły i sumy chromatycznej w grafach dwudzielnych stopnia co najwyżej 4.
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Static Shunt PE Voltage-Quality Controllers
PublikacjaThis chapter focuses on power electronics (PE)-based solutions used in distribution networks for reduction of supply-voltage-quality deterioration, from long interruptions to the harmonics. Various PE devices and their combinations are addressed for particular or a range of voltage disturbances. A particular solution is applied taking into account demands for voltage quality and network configuration. In general, there are three...
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A subdomain model for armature reaction field and open‐circuit field prediction in consequent pole permanent magnet machines
PublikacjaIn this paper, the machine quantity, such as electromagnetic torque, self and mutual inductances, and electromotive force, is analytically calculated for non-overlapping winding consequent pole slotted machine for open-circuit field and armature reaction. The sub-domain approach of (2-D) analytical model is developed using Maxwell's equations and divide the problem into slots, slot-openings, airgap and magnets region, the magnet...
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5-Bromo-2′-deoxycytidine—a potential DNA photosensitizer
PublikacjaA double-stranded oligonucleotide, 80 base pairs in length, was multiply labeled with 5-bromo-2′-deoxycytidine (BrdC) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The modified oligonucleotide was irradiated with 300 nm photons and its damage was assayed by employing DHPLC, LC-MS and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Two types of damage were demonstrated, namely, single strand breaks (SSBs) and intrastrand cross-links...
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New class of quaternary ammonium salts, derivatives of methyl D-glucopyranosides.
PublikacjaReakcja zasad azotowych z 6-O-p-tozylo-alfa-D-glukopiranozydem metylu lub 6-O-tozylo-beta-D-glukopiranozydem metylu (prowadzona w skali mikro) dając odpowiednie sole amoniowe. Jako zasady azotowe użyto pirydyny, 2-metylopirydyny i trimetyloaminy. Produkty zostały przebadane przy użyciu spektroskopii 1H, 13C NMR, spektroskopii mas oraz analizy elementarnej a budowa jednego z nich została dodatkowo potwierdzona za pomocą rentgenowskiej...
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Monosaccharides as internal probes for the determination of the absolute configuration of 2-butanol
PublikacjaD-dlukoza, D-mannoza i L-ramnoza zostały poddane reakcji z mieszaniną racemiczną 2-butanolu. Otrzymane w ten sposób glikozydy były analizowane za pomocą spektroskopii NMR, z wykorzystaniem eksperymentów COSY i NOESY. Analiza konformacyjna wiązania glikozydowego (dokonana w oparciu o modelowanie molekularne i heteronuklearne stałe sprzężenia) wraz z analizą sprzężeń dipolowych obserwowanych w widmie NOESY umożliwiła określenie konfiguracji...