Filters
total: 736
filtered: 667
Search results for: NA-MG-CA-AL-NB-P-O GLASSIN VITRO DISSOLUTIONFTIRTHERMAL PROPERTIES
-
Advancements in the Additive Manufacturing of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys through Laser-Based Approach
PublicationComplex structures can now be manufactured easily utilizing AM technologies to meet the pre-requisite objectives such as reduced part numbers, greater functionality, and lightweight, among others. Polymers, metals, and ceramics are the few materials that can be used in AM technology, but metallic materials (Magnesium and Aluminum) are attracting more attention from the research and industrial point of view. Understanding the role...
-
Determination of the Major By-Products of Citrus hystrix Peel and Their Characteristics in the Context of Utilization in the Industry
PublicationKaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) is a popular citrus in Southeast Asia. Despite the growing interest in the peel of the fruit, the leaves are the most frequently used part of the fruit. The aim of the study was to determine the main by-products of the peel, such as pectins, minerals, essential oil, and bioactive compounds, and to evaluate the possibility of using them in various branches of industry. In the study of the essential oil...
-
Effects of Micro-Arc Oxidation Process Parameters on Characteristics of Calcium-Phosphate Containing Oxide Layers on the Selective Laser Melted Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy
PublicationTitania-based films on selective laser melted Ti13Zr13Nb have been formed by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) at different process parameters (voltage, current, processing time) in order to evaluate the impact of MAO process parameters in calcium and phosphate (Ca + P) containing electrolyte on surface characteristic, early-stage bioactivity, nanomechanical properties, and adhesion between the oxide coatings and substrate. The surface...
-
Antibacterial polyurethanes, modifed with cinnamaldehyde, as potential materials for fabrication of wound dressings
PublicationThe epidermis is a skin layer, which protects an organism from the different factors of external environment. Therefore, the fast and effective regeneration of epidermis is important. Potential materials used for epidermis regeneration may be polyurethane scaffolds in form of the thin permeable layers. One and main disadvantage of such polyurethane scaffolds are their lack of antibacterial and antifungal properties. The great proposition...
-
The effect of using jug-type water filters on selected metals concentration in tap water – a case study
PublicationIn this study, the effect of the filtration process on Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn concentration in water, using filters from one of the leading European manufacturers, was investigated. The increase in Na (up to 300%) and K concentration (up to 320%) at the beginning of jug filter usage was reported. A decrease in Ca, Fe and Zn concentration was observed. Standard filters remove 80–90% of Mg from tap water at the beginning of the...
-
Man in Early Islamic Philosophy: Al-Kindi and Al-Farabi
PublicationMan was, neither for Al-Kindi, nor for Al-Farabi, a clearly isolated object of philosophical reflection. This does not mean, however, that both Islamic philosophers were not at all concerned with the uniqueness of man, his nature or the purpose of his existence. In order to understand and analyze in depth the philosophies of man voiced by Al-Kindi and Al-Farabi, one must focus primarily on their epistemologies, on their philosophical...
-
Nutraceutical value of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) and its influence on some indices of atherosclerosis in an experiment on rats fed cholesterol-containing diet
PublicationThe nutraceutic value of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb. cv. Triumph) and its influence on some indices of atherosclerosis were studied in vitro and in experiment on rats fed cholesterol-containing diet. It was found that persimmon possesses a high nutraceutical value: it contains soluble fibers, total polyphenols and phe - nolic acids. The content of dietary fiberwas 1.83 ± 0.11, 0.69 ± 0.07 and 1.14 ± 0.12 g/100 g fresh weight...
-
Structure and transport properties of donor-doped barium strontium cobaltites
PublicationIn this work, Nb-substituted barium strontium cobaltites Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-xNbxO3-δ (x = 0 – 0.4) have been fabricated and studied. The structural analysis showed that the Nb content influences the lattice constant as well as the distance between the (Co, Nb) and oxygen atoms. The study of morphology of samples showed that the Nb content does not change the porosity, grain size and morphology of the ceramics. The total electrical conductivity...
-
Exploring Mechanism of Corrosion Inhibition of WE43 and AZ31 Alloys by Aqueous Molybdate in Hank’s Solution by Multisine Impedimetric Monitoring
PublicationThe concept of utilizing multisine dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to monitor effectiveness of a model molybdate inhibitor for AZ31 and WE43 Mg alloys is proposed. The corrosion kinetics and instantaneous values of inhibition efficiency (IE) of molybdate at concentrations up to 150 mM were examined. The inhibitor provides inhibition in Hank’s solution at concentrations starting from ca. 25 mM, with the IE of about...
-
Determination of Selected Metals in Fruit Wines by Spectroscopic Techniques
PublicationThe determination of metals in different types of food and beverages samples has drawn significant attention due to several reasons with the most important one being the nutritional and toxic effects of these elements or their compounds. The knowledge of certain elements content in wines/fruit wines is of special interest due to their toxicity in case of excessive intake and also the effect they seem to have on the organoleptic...
-
Rainwater chemistry composition in Bellsund: Sources of elements and deposition discrepancies in the coastal area (SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)
PublicationDiscrepancies in rainfall chemistry in Bellsund were found to be influenced by the orographic barrier and related to the variability in the inflow of air masses as well as to the distance of sampling sites from the sea and thus the extent of sea spray impact. This study covers measurements of rainfall (P) and air temperature (T), physicochemical parameters (pH, specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC), major ions (Cl , NO3 , SO4...
-
Biocompatibility and bioactivity of load-bearing metallic implants
PublicationThe main objective of here presented research is to develop the titanium (Ti) alloy base composite materials possessing better biocompatibility, longer lifetime and bioactivity behaviour for load-bearing implants, e.g. hip joint and knee joint endoprosthesis. The development of such materials is performed through: modeling the material behaviour in biological environment in long time and developing of new procedures for such evaluation;...
-
Antioxidant activities and bioactive components in some berries
PublicationThe objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and binding effects of gooseberry, a less-stud-ied berry, and to compare with blueberry and cranberry in the model of interaction with human serum albumin (HSA). The relationship between the scavenging properties of dietary polyphenols of the selected berries and their affinities for HSA were investigated by fluorescence anal- ysis. In order to perform the extraction and...
-
AlP compound and P-doping for promotion of electrocatalytic activity of N-doped carbon derived from metal-organic framework
PublicationWater splitting plays a key role in future fuels, where two processes occur - the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Nitrogen-doped carbon derived from...
-
Analysis of efficiency of phosphates sorption by different granulation of selected reactive material
PublicationIn the light of the need to find an effective way to remove phosphorus from wastewater, studies on the suitability of sorption materials in this process should be conducted. The aim of the study was to examine the potential benefits of using selected adsorbents to reduce orthophosphates from the model solution under steady conditions. The study was conducted on a laboratory scale using synthetic wastewater with concentration of...
-
Application of analytical methods for the determination of bioactive compounds in some berries
PublicationFluorometry, ESI-MS, FTIR, and radical scavenging assays were used for characterization of bioactive compounds and the levels of their antioxidant activities. Polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid and the level of antioxidant activity of water extracts of “Murtilla-like” [Myrteola nummularia (Poiret) Berg.], and other widely consumed berries were determined and compared. The contents of bioactive compounds and...
-
La 15 Nb x Ge 9 : a superstructure of the Mn 5 Si 3 structure type with interstitial Nb atoms
PublicationThe crystal structure and elementary properties of La15NbxGe9 are reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction,from a crystallite with only 0.12 Nb/formula unit, reveals that this compound, although transition metal deficient, crystallizes in a hexagonal “15-1-9”-like structure type, space group P63mc (no. 186) with lattice parameters a = b = 15.5017(2) Å, c = 6.9173(2) Å. The physical properties were examined by specific heat and resistivity...
-
Al-Kindi’s “The Real One”: Considerations of a mathematician or of a metaphysician?
PublicationThe aim of the article is to analyze Al-Kindi’s concept of the True (Essential) One and certain additional issues, also taking into account the influence on his position from both classical philosophy and source texts of Islam. In the opening part of the article, Al-Kindi’s innovative approach to the application of mathematics in research in other areas of knowledge is discussed. In the next part,...
-
Studies on intercorrelation between ions co-occurring in precipitation in the Gdańsk-Sopot-Gdynia Tricity (Poland)
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań próbek opadów deszczowych zebranych na terenie Trójmiasta w okresie 12 miesięcy (na 10 stacjach pobierania próbek). Wyniki oznaczeń zawartości jonów SO4-2, F-, Cl-, NO3-, PO4-3, NH4+, Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2K+ poddano analizie statystycznej. Wyniki pomiarów skorelowano z danymi dotyczącymi kierunków wiatrów i temperatury powietrza atmosferycznego.
-
Seasonal changes of the concentrations of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in watercourses in the agricultural catchment area (Bay of Puck, Baltic Sea, Poland)
PublicationThe Baltic Region countries are obliged to meet the stringent limits of N and P discharge set by HELCOM for 2021. Area sources of pollution, including agriculture, are considered the main contributors of biogenic compounds. The Bay of Puck as an inner part of the Baltic Sea is particularly sensitive to eutrophication caused by nutrient in flow from agricultural lands. Rivers and streams inflowing to the Bay of Puck transport nitrogen...
-
ZnO-decorated green-synthesized multi-doped carbon dots from Chlorella pyrenoidosa for sustainable photocatalytic carbamazepine degradation
PublicationThe promising green synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa was achieved using simple hydrothermal and microwave-assisted methods. Doping of nanomaterials by nonmetals (N, S, and P) was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while the existence of metals in the CDs was confirmed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM),...
-
Optimization of capillary isotachophoretic method for determination of major macroelements in blue honeysuckle berries (Lonicera caerulea L.) and related products
PublicationA reliable and repeatable isotachophoretic method for the simultaneous determination of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and ammonium in berries of different blue honeysuckle cultivars was developed. The usefulness of the complex-forming equilibria in determining the cations mentioned above was studied. The addition of 7.5 mM 18-crown-6 and 2 mM α-hydroxyisobutyric acid to sulfuric acid enhanced the separation capacity of the leading electrolyte....
-
Cloning, expression in Komagataella phaffii, and biochemical characterization of recombinant sequence variants of Pseudomonas sp. S9 GDSL-esterase
PublicationTwo recombinant Komagataella phaffii (formerly Pichia pastoris) yeast strains for production of two sequential variants of EstS9 esterase from psychrotolerant bacterium Pseudomonas sp. S9, i.e. αEstS9N (a two-domain enzyme consisting of a catalytic domain and an autotransporter domain) and αEstS9Δ (a single-domain esterase) were constructed. However, only one of recombinant K. phaffii strains, namely Komagataella phaffii X-33/pPICZαestS9Δ,...
-
Investigation of an elutable N-propylphosphonic acid chitosan derivative composition with a chitosan matrix prepared from carbonic acid solution
PublicationPorous chitosan composites using CO2 dissolution procedure and including water soluble N-propylphosphonic chitosan derivative (p-CHI) were obtained and characterized. In contrast to the control material, composites containing modified chitosan distinguished by a rapid moisture absorption and good adhesion to the skin. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of propylphosphonic group in the structure of the polymer. The porosity...
-
Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of polish blue-berried honeysuckle genotypes by HPLC-DAD-MS, HPLC postcolumn derivatization with ABTS or FC, and TLC with DPPH visualization
PublicationIn this study, different Polish cultivars of blue-berried honeysuckles (Lonicera caerulea L.), wild and bog bilberry, were analyzed for bioactive compounds. The chemical properties verified included composition of anthocyanins and other polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and profiles of antioxidants by HPLC postcolumn derivatization or TLC. The antioxidant activities of different blue-berried honeysuckle cultivars were similar...
-
Use of a wastewater recovery product (struvite) to enhance subtropical seagrass restoration
PublicationSeagrasses are in decline worldwide, and their restoration is relatively expensive and unsuccessful compared to other coastal systems. Fertilization can improve seagrass growth in restoration but can also release nutrients and pollute the surrounding ecosystem. A slow-release fertilizer may reduce excessive nutrient discharge while still providing resources to the seagrass's rhizosphere. In this study, struvite (magnesium ammonium...
-
Nutrient loss from three small-size watersheds in the southern Baltic Sea in relation to agricultural practices and policy
PublicationAgriculture is the major contributor of waterborne nutrient fluxes into the Baltic Sea, one of the world’s most eutrophication-sensitive areas. Poland, as a large, densely populated state ohf the Baltic Region, with dominating agricultural land use, largely contributes to riverborne loads of N and P. The aim of our study was to examine the input of nutrients from three small first-order agricultural watersheds (Bladzikowski Stream,...
-
Donor-substituted SrTi1+xO3−δ anodes for SOFC
PublicationNonstoichiometric Nb-substituted SrTiO3 compounds were investigated in order to discuss the influence of nonstoichiometry at the sample properties in the light of recent results reported in the literature. Structural and electrical properties of samples were characterized. Investigated compounds were also applied as anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and their reactivity with YSZ electrolyte was examined. The defect chemistry explaining...
-
Creation and properties of the (Mn-N-O) layers on aluminium
Publicationprzedstawiono metodę wytwarzania warstw powierzchniowych zawierających mangan, azot i tlen na stopie Al-Si-Mg-Cu-Ni. Określono ich mikrostrukturę, mikrotwardość, wlaściwości tribologiczne oraz korozyjne w roztworze 0,01M H2SO4. Stwierdzono wielokrotny wzrost odporności na ścieranie stopu aluminium z wytworzoną warstwą wierzchnią we współpracy ciernej z żeliwem szarym perlitycznym.
-
Fuzzy reasoning approach to properties' determination of calcium phosphate coatings processed using ion beam assisted deposition on heated substrates
PublicationPraca przedstawia rozmyty system wnioskowania dla zamodelowania związków pomiędzy temperaturą podłoża oraz stosunkiem molowym Ca/P w gradientowej powłoce hydroxyapatytowej na podłożu tytanowym. Przeprowadzono symulację działania sterownika rozmytego na pomocą oprogramowania Matlab.
-
Influence of Phosphorus Speciation on Its Chemical Removal from Reject Water from Dewatering of Municipal Sewage Sludge
PublicationThe aim of the presented research was the assessment of phosphorus speciation impact on the precipitation of phosphorus in reject water using Ca(OH)2. To achieve this, phosphorus speciation (organic and inorganic phosphorus in suspension and in dissolved form) in reject water that is produced during sludge dewatering, after methane digestion in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), was determined. This study covered the materials...
-
Mrówczan sodu z nowym pakietem inhibitorów korozji jako ekologiczny środek do odladzania infrastruktury lotniczej.
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań korozji kadmowej powłoki na stali oraz korozji po zanurzeniu stopów metali w mrówczanie sodu z nowym pakietem inhibitorów korozji, zawierającym synergiczną kompozycję poliasparaginianu sodu oraz imidazolu. Ponadto wyznaczono zdolność penetracji lodu przez badany układ. Właściwo- ści opracowanej kompozycji odladzającej porównano z właściwościami środków dostępnych na rynku. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że otrzymany...
-
A first-principles study of electronic and magnetic properties of 4d transition metals doped in Wurtzite GaN for spintronics applications
PublicationWe studied the electronic and magnetic properties of wurtzite GaN (w-GaN) doped with different concentrations of the 4d transition metal ions Nb, Mo, and Ru. We incorporated spin-polarized plane-wave density functional theory within an ultrasoft pseudopotential formalism. The 4d transition metals were doped at different geometrical sites to determine the geometry with the lowest total energy and the one that induced the largest...
-
Analysis of metals in air particles from Gdańsk and London with EDX/EDS detectors in electron microscope
PublicationElectron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX/EDS) is the example of non-destructive analytical method for surface elemental analysis, with a potential detection limit of 0.1-0.5 wt.% for most elements. A spatial resolution <10 nm can be achieved using this technique, which provides a basis for the generation of quantitative and qualitative elemental data for individual particles. In order to obtain quantitative...
-
Deposition of phosphate coatings on titanium within scaffold structure
PublicationPurpose: Existing knowledge about the appearance, thickness, and chemical composition of phosphate coatings on titanium inside porous structures is insufficient. Such knowledge is important for the design and fabrication of porous implants. Methods: Metallic scaffolds were fabricated by selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel powder. Phosphate coatings were deposited on Ti sensors placed either outside the scaffolds or...
-
Low-Dimensional Magnetic Semimetal Cr0.65Al1.35Se3
PublicationWhile exploring novel magnetic semiconductors, the new phase Cr0.65Al1.35Se3 was discovered and characterized by both structural and physical properties. Cr0.65Al1.35Se3 was found to crystallize into orthorhombic CrGeTe3-type structure with space group Pnma (no. 62). Vacancies and mixed occupancies were tested, and the results show that one of the 4c sites accommodates a mixture of Cr and Al atoms, while the other 4c site is fully...
-
Remediation of soils on municipal rendering plant territories using Miscanthus × giganteus
PublicationPhytoremediation, as a cost-effective, highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and green approach, gained attention to the removal of metals, including heavy metals, from contaminated soils. The toxic nature of heavy metals can have an adverse effect on human health and the ecosystem, and their removal remains a worldwide problem. Therefore, in this study, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential of Miscanthus × giganteus...
-
Modelling the impact of the agricultural holdings and land-use structure on the quality of inland and coastal waters with an innovative and interdisciplinary toolkit
PublicationThe changes taking place in the marine coastal zones are extremely important, as about 40% of the human population currently lives in the coastal areas (within 100 kilometres of the coastline) increasing anthropogenic pressure on the marine ecosystems. Agriculture is a significant source of nutrients to the marine environment that increase hypoxia, eutrophication and may pose a threat to the services provided by ecosystems. In...
-
Inhibition effect of free ammonia on deammonification process under different intermittent aeration strategies in sequencing batch reactor
PublicationThe deammonification process involves two steps. The first step is the partial nitrification of ammonia (NH4-N) by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to produce nitrite (NO2-N) and the second step is the anammox process to “anaerobically” oxidize ammonia to nitrogen gas with nitrite as an electron acceptor (Lackner et al., 2014). Free ammonia (FA) plays a significant role in the stable, long-term deammonification system operation....
-
Dissolution of Nb-doped hydroxyapatite prepared via low-temperature mechanochemical method: Spectroscopy studies
PublicationCalcium phosphate glass ceramics with nominal hydroxyapatite stoichiometry doped with niobium were synthesized using simple as well as low-temperature mechanochemical method and then in the form of compressed pellet were submitted to the static dissolution process in distilled water for one month. The results of structural analysis, performed mainly on the base of spectroscopic methods such as: infrared absorption spectroscopy,...
-
A new cold-adapted beta-D-galactosidase from the Antarctic Arthrobacter sp. 32c - gene cloning, overexpression, purification and properties
PublicationThe development of a new cold-active β-D-galactosidases and microorganisms that efficiently ferment lactose is of high biotechnological interest, particularly for lactose removal in milk and dairy products at low temperatures and for cheese whey bioremediation processes with simultaneous bio-ethanol production. In this article, we present a new β-D-galactosidase as a candidate to be applied in the above mentioned biotechnological...
-
Efficient and robust quadratures for isogeometric analysis: Reduced Gauss and Gauss–Greville rules
PublicationThis work proposes two efficient quadrature rules, reduced Gauss quadrature and Gauss–Greville quadrature, for isogeometric analysis. The rules are constructed to exactly integrate one-dimensional B-spline basis functions of degree p, and continuity class C^{p−k}, where k is the highest order of derivatives appearing in the Galerkin formulation of the problem under consideration. This is the same idea we utilized in Zou et al....
-
The effect of sulphonamides on activated sludge dehydrogenase activity
PublicationBadano wpływ wybranych sulfonamidów (sulfanilamidu SA, sulfacetamidu SCM oraz p-toluenosulfonamidu p-TSA) na aktywność dehydrogenz osadu czynnego w zakresie stężeń od 10 do 100 mg/l. Aktywność dehydrogenaz badano przy pomocy testu TTC. Stwierdzono, że wszystkie badane związki mają wyraźny wpływ na obniżenie aktywności dehydrogenaz osadu czynnego. Aktywność ta była najmocniej inhibitowana przez p-TSA.
-
The structure of dimethylsulfoxide-solvated magnesium and calcium ions in solution and the solid state, and overview of the coordination chemistry of hydrated and solvated alkaline earth metal ions
PublicationOznaczono strukturę w stanie stałym i ciekłym solwatowanych jonów magnezu i wapnia w dimetylosulfotlenku. Stwierdzono, ze jony te tworzą sześciokoordynacyjne solwaty ze średnią długością wiązań Mg-O i Ca-O 2.062(4) i 2.303(5)A. Przegląd literaturowy ukazał, że jony berylu i magnezu we wszystkich rozpuszczalnikach tworzą odpowiednio cztero- i sześciokoordynacyjne solwaty, podczas gdy jony wapnia i strontu istnieją jako ośmiokoordynacyjne...
-
Waste materials assessment for phosphorus adsorption toward sustainable application in circular economy
PublicationPhosphorus is the main determinant of nutrient enrichment in the water bodies. Many resources including nutrients may be shortly exhausted, assuming current consumption. This scenario leads to growing interest in resources recovery and/or reuse, which together with sustainable energy consumption and waste reduction are the main courses of the circular economy. Usage of coagulants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) does not allow...
-
Photochemical Rearrangement of a 19-Membered Azoxybenzocrown: Products and their Properties
PublicationThe preparation and characterization of products of the chemical and photochemical rearrangements of a 19-membered o,o'-azoxybenzocrown were presented. In photochemical rearrangement, besides expected product i.e. 19-membered o-hydroxy-o,o'-azobenzocrown (19-o-OH), obtained under defined conditions with 75% yield, also other macrocyclic products were isolated and identified, namely: 19-membered p-hydroxy-o,o'-azobenzocrown (19-p-OH),...
-
Surf Zone Currents in the Coastal Zone of the Southern Baltic Sea – a Modelling Approach
PublicationNearshore currents in a multi-bar non-tidal coastal zone environment located in the Southern Baltic Sea are studied. Spatiotemporal seaward-directed jets – so-called rip currents – are an important part of the nearshore current system. In previous research, Dudkowska et al. (2020) performed an extended modelling experiment to determine the wave conditions that are conducive to the emergence of rip currents. In this paper, the...
-
Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors Based on Phosphate and Thiophosphate Flavone Analogs
PublicationA series of phosphate and thiophosphate flavone derivatives were synthesized and biologically evaluated in vitro for inhibition of steroid sulfatase (STS) activity. The described synthesis includes the straightforward preparation of 7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one 3a, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one 3b, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 3c, 7-hydroxy-2-(p-tolyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 3d modified...
-
Effect of bio-based components on the chemical structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of green thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers
PublicationIt seems to be obvious that conditions changes during polyols synthesis have impact on the polyols properties. Even the chemical formula is the same or similar, physicochemical properties and also molecular weight of polyols might be different and are significant in term of future polyurethanes properties and processing. In this work, fully bio-based poly(propylene succinate)s synthesized at different temperature conditions were...
-
Methylene Blue Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
PublicationIntroduction: Fluorescence-based navigation for breast cancer sentinel node biopsy is a novel method that uses indocyanine green as a fluorophore. However, methylene blue (MB) also has some fluorescent properties. This study is the first in a clinical series presenting the possible use of MB as a fluorescent dye for the identification of sentinel nodes in breast sentinel node biopsy. Material and methods: Forty-nine patients with...