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Search results for: ABSORPCJA SO2
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Modeling N2O behavior during denitrification with different carbon sources and electron acceptors
PublicationA mathematical model was developed for identification of the most important mechanism leading to nitrous oxide (N2O) accumulation in denitrifying activated sludge systems. The activated sludge model No. 2d (ASM2d) was extended to include intermediate three steps of the denitrification process. The formation and accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) was assumed to be very low in the performed laboratory experiments. These experiments...
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A novel luminescent chemical sensor for the determination of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ ions
PublicationSilica xerogel surface grafted with aminopropyl (PrNH2) groups was additionally treated by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant and ascorbic acid (asc) in alkaline solution. This material symbolized as SiO2-PrNH2-CTAB/asc, proved to be a stable luminescent material, exhibited an emission band peaked at 393 nm under excitation wavelength 335 nm. Time evolution of the band intensity suggests changes of defect concentration...
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Turbulence model evaluation for numerical modelling of turbulent flow and heat transfer of nanofluids
PublicationIn this work, Nusselt number and friction factor are calculated numerically for turbulent pipe flow (Reynolds number between 6000 and 12000) with constant heat flux boundary condition using nanofluids. The nanofluid is modelled with the single-phase approach and the simulation results are compared with experimental data. Ethylene glycol and water, 60:40 EG/W mass ratio, as base fluid and SiO2 nanoparticles are used as nanofluid...
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Modeling of low calorific gas burning in a deficient oxygen environment and high-temperature oxidizer
PublicationThe experimental research will be performed using the experimental facility with a combustion chamber. The oxygen concentration in combustion oxidizers will be varied from 21% by volume (normal) air to 2%. The test combustion chamber will be fed with propane or methane as the reference fuel, then with low calorific fuels as test gases obtained by mixing various combustible components, e.g. H2, CH4, CO, and neutral gases, e.g. N2,...
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A review on homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic microalgal lipid extraction and transesterification for biofuel production
PublicationExtracting lipids from microalgal biomass presents significant potential as a cost-effective approach for clean energy generation. This can be achieved through the chemical conversion of lipids to produce fatty acid methyl esters via transesterification. The extraction mainly involves free fatty acids, phospholipids, and triglycerides, and requires less energy, making it an attractive option for satisfying the growing demand for...
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Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines running on gaseous fuels in dual-fuel mode
PublicationConventional fossil fuels are being substituted with alternative green fuels because of their greenhouse gas emissions and pollution problems, which pose a severe threat to the environment. Several studies have reported the usage of biodiesel and gaseous fuels in both single and dual-fuel modes. Gaseous fuels such as producer gas, biogas, syngas, and hydrogen produced from renewable biomass could potentially be used along with...
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Procesy i efektywność usuwania zanieczyszczeń z odcieków ze składowisk odpadów komunalnych w oczyszczalniach hydrofitowych
PublicationOczyszczanie odcieków z SOK jest jednym z najbardziej istotnych problemów ekologicznych na świecie. Odprowadzenie odcieków do oczyszczalni ścieków komunalnych jest przeważnie niemożliwe, ze względu na ich zmienną ilość oraz skład, bardzo wysokie stężenia ChZT i azotu amonowego, a także obecność trwałych zanieczyszczeń organicznych (TZO) oraz metali ciężkich. Najlepszym rozwiązaniem jest oczyszczanie wód odciekowych na terenie składowiska....
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Incorporation of nitrogen in diamond films - A new way of tuning parameters for optical passive elements
PublicationThis paper investigates the impact of nitrogen incorporation in diamond films for the construction of an interferometric sensor to measure displacement. Diamond films with different nitrogen levels (0–5%) were deposited on silicon substrates by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The structural characteristics of these samples are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy...
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Linear and nonlinear impedance in iron oxide glasses containing alkaline ions and alkali free
PublicationThe linear and nonlinear impedance spectra of oxide glasses were measured in the frequency range of 1 mHz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range of 153K to 483K. Two groups of iron oxide glass samples were prepared, the first one containing alkaline ions and the second one without alkali. In the first group, compositions of glasses were as follows: (in %mol) 50% SiO2 , 25% PbO, 15% Fe2O3 and 15% one of alkaline oxides: Na2O, K2O,...
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Water absorption and blistering of glass fibre-reinforced polymer marine laminates with nanoparticle-modified coatings
PublicationMacro and microstructural damage was studied in typical glass fibre-reinforced polymer laminates with two types of coating systems – (a) isophtalic gel coat: pure or mixed with SiO2 nanoparticles 5 wt% (5%N) or 10 wt% (10%N) and (b) a two-layer coating system: urethane-modified vinyl ester-based gel coat and additional polyester barrier coat layer. Accelerated tests were performed at 50C for 50 days for specimens with nanoparticle-modified...
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Microencapsulation of fish oil – determination of optimal wall material and encapsulation methodology
PublicationFor the first time, we present a meta-analysis of experimental and literature data to determine which microencapsulation methodology, and which wall material are best suited to protect fish oil. Our analysis covered a period of several decades of research (1984–2018). The analysis was conducted on 196 literature data-points, and 16 data-points determined experimentally for this publication. PLS regression was used to determine...
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Sustainable synthesis of cyclic carbonates from bio‐based polyether polyol: the structure characterization, rheological behaviour and thermal properties
PublicationThe cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides represents a green efficient method to form bis(cyclic carbonate)s. The main purpose of the work reported in this paper was to examine the effect of the gas flow rate (20, 40, 60 and 100 mL min–1) during carbonation on the conversion yield, chemical structure, rheological behaviour and thermal properties of the prepared compounds. A series of new bis(cyclic carbonate)s was obtained from bio‐based...
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The new silica-based coated SPME fiber as universal support for the confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium
PublicationThe new silica-based SPME fiber coating is reported for the first time as universal support purposed to confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium. Fiber coating was prepared by the sol-gel process, using potassium silicate (K2SiO3) as a precursor and dimethylformamide (DMF) as a pore-forming medium. The concept of synthesis assumes obtaining a solid porous material on the surface of the glass rod and, being characterized...
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A semi-empirical model for flow boiling heat transfer with account of the reduced pressure effect
PublicationIn the present study the attention was focused on the influence of reduced pressure on the predictions of heat transfer during flow boiling at the extensive range of pressures. The results of calculations were to test the sensitivity of the in-house flow boiling model with respect to the selection of the appropriate two-phase flow multiplier, which is one of the distinctive elements of that model. For this purpose a few two-phase...
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Ionic conductivity behavior by activated hopping conductivity (AHC) of barium aluminoborosilicate glass–ceramic system designed for SOFC sealing
PublicationNon-conducting BaO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 parent glasses designed for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) sealing applications were prepared using the melt-quenching technique. The glass formation region was determined according to phase equilibrium relations and was found to be in the composition range 70BaO-(x)Al2O3-(10−x)B2O3-20SiO2 where 3.0 < x < 6.0 wt%. The conductivity values obtained conductivity ranged from 10−5 to 10−10 S/cm at temperatures...
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Applying a Mesoscopic Transport Model to Analyse the Effects of Urban Freight Regulatory Measures on Transport Emissions—An Assessment
PublicationSustainable urban freight management is a growing challenge for local authorities due to social pressures and increasingly more stringent environmental protection requirements. Freight and its adverse impacts, which include emissions and noise, considerably influence the urban environment. This calls for a reliable assessment of what can be done to improve urban freight and meet stakeholders’ requirements. While changes in a transport...
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Synthesis of eosin modified TiO2 film with co-exposed {001} and {101} facets for photocatalytic degradation of para-aminobenzoic acid and solar H2 production
PublicationOwing to the increasing photosensitivity and DNA damage properties of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), concerns have been raised over the exposure of humans to PABA. Solar light-driven photocatalysis (SPC) provides a promising solution for the effective removal of organic pollutants especially when directed towards sulfate radical (SO4−) production. Herein, we have developed a sulfite-enhanced SPC using Eosin-Y sensitized TiO2/Ti...
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Scalony regulator o małym spadku napięcia i krótkiej odpowiedzi impulsowej
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano projekt regulatora o małym spadku napięcia. Dzięki zastosowaniu wtórnika napięciowego o małej rezystancji wyjściowej, regulator cechuje się bardzo dobrą odpowiedzią impulsową, a ponadto nie wymaga dodatkowych zewnętrznych kondensatorów kompensujących. W związku z tym, zaproponowany regulator może być całkowicie scalony na podłożu półprzewodnikowym, co jest szczególnie korzystne w systemach realizowanych...
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Interface circuit for impedance sensors using two specialized single-chip microsystems
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono obwód interfejsu przeznaczony do pomiaru parametrów impedancyjnych czujników lub celek pomiarowych instalowanych na obiektach technicznych. Umożliwia on pomiar modułu i argumentu impedancji w zakresie 10ohm
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Automatic Watercraft Recognition and Identification on Water Areas Covered by Video Monitoring as Extension for Sea and River Traffic Supervision Systems
PublicationThe article presents the watercraft recognition and identification system as an extension for the presently used visual water area monitoring systems, such as VTS (Vessel Traffic Service) or RIS (River Information Service). The watercraft identification systems (AIS - Automatic Identification Systems) which are presently used in both sea and inland navigation require purchase and installation of relatively expensive transceivers...
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Influence of operation temperature instability on gas sensor performance
PublicationGas sensors based on the semiconducting metal-oxides, such as SnO2, have been found to be very useful for detecting a wide range of gases. The reversible interactions of the gas with the surface of the sensing layer made of semiconducting metal-oxides are responsible for changes of sensor resistance which is usually used as a measure of sensor response. Semiconductor gas sensors are commercially available and applied in numerous...
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The electrical, morphological and optical properties of heavily boron-doped diamond sheets as a function of methane concentration in the gas phase
PublicationBoron-doped diamonds (BDD) are known for their excellent properties such as high thermal conductivity, high mobility, low absorption in visible light, and biocompatibility. In this work, we investigated the electrical, morphological and optical properties of heavily boron-doped diamond thin sheets as a function of methane concentration in the gas phase. Free-standing diamond sheets were fabricated using a microwave plasma-assisted...
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Featuring Semitransparent p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells for High-Efficiency Four-Terminal/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells
PublicationTwo issues need to be resolved when fabricating p–i–n semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PVSCs) for four-terminal (4 T) perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: 1) damage to the underlying absorber (MAPbI3), electron transporting layer ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM), and work function (WF) modifier (polyethylenimine, PEI), resulting from the harsh sputtering conditions for the transparent electrodes (TEs)...
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Antibacterial Porous Systems Based on Polylactide Loaded with Amikacin
PublicationThree porous matrices based on poly(lactic acid) are proposed herein for the controlled release of amikacin. The materials were fabricated by the method of spraying a surface liquid. Description is given as to the possibility of employing a modifier, such as a silica nanocarrier, for prolonging the release of amikacin, in addition to using chitosan to improve the properties of the materials, e.g., stability and sorption capacity....
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Composite Materials Based on Silicon Oxycarbide as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
PublicationIn this work, the properties of binary SiOC/graphite and SiOC/tin, as well as ternary SiOC/graphite/tin obtained from various preceramic precursors are described. During the first step, the materials were synthesized using various techniques such as sol-gel and hydrosilylation. To prevent sedimentation and agglomeration of graphite particles during the gelation stage without using surfactants and thickeners, a new gelation technique...
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Areas of Fan Research—A Review of the Literature in Terms of Improving Operating Efficiency and Reducing Noise Emissions
PublicationFans as industrial devices are among the most significant single recipients of driving energy. Therefore, they represent an important area of energy savings to reduce CO2 emissions. The ubiquity of fans and their operation under conditions different from the optimum provides an opportunity for more significant global reductions in the energy used to drive them. The second important aspect, besides energy efficiency, related to...
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COMPARISON OF SYSTEM ON CHIP TECHNOLOGIES FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS
PublicationThe paper presents a review of technologies available for the implementation of digital and mixed signal systems, particularly the system on a chip (SoC) for space applications. The phenomena encountered in the space environment are briefly presented, together with the known solutions, regarding the design of complex electronic systems. The most important norms regarding single die integrated circuits designed for space are also...
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The influence of nanostructures size on V2O5 electrochemical properties as cathode materials for lithium ion battery
PublicationIn this paper, V2O5 nanostructures with a size depending on the annealing temperature are successfully synthesized by a sol-gel method. The crystal structure and morphology of samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Electrochemical testing such...
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Application of the Heavy-Atom Effect for (Sub)microsecond Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and an All-Organic Light-Emitting Device with Low-Efficiency Roll-off
PublicationThefeatureof abundantandenvironmentallyfriendlyheavyatoms(HAs)like bromineto acceleratespin-forbiddentransitionsin organicmoleculeshas beenknownforyears.In combinationwiththe easinessof incorporation,brominederivativesof organicemittersshowingthermallyactivateddelayedfluorescence(TADF)emergeas a cheapand efficientsolutionforthe slowreverseintersystemcrossing(rISC)problemin suchemittersand strongefficiencyroll-offof all-organiclight-emittingdiodes(OLEDs).Here,we...
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Sorbents modified by deep eutectic solvents in microextraction techniques
PublicationIn recent years, considerable attention has been directed towards the employment of green solvents, specifically deep eutectic solvents (DES), in liquid phase microextraction techniques. However, comprehensive and organized knowledge regarding the modification of sorbent surface structures with DES remains limited. Therefore, this paper reviews the application of DES in modifying and improving the properties of sorbents for microextraction...
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Impact of strontium non-stoichiometry of SrxTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ on structural, electrical, and electrochemical properties for potential oxygen electrode of intermediate temperature solid oxide cells
PublicationThis work presents the results of a comprehensive study on the impact of the A-site non-stoichiometry of SrxTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ (x = 0.90, 0.95, 1.00, 1.05) ceramics on their physicochemical properties. The materials were fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method and their structure was determined by X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Their sintering and thermal expansion...
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Enhanced visible light-activated gas sensing properties of nanoporous copper oxide thin films
PublicationMetal oxide gas sensors are popular chemoresistive sensors. They are used for numerous tasks, including environmental and safety monitoring. Some gas-sensing materials exhibit photo-induced properties that can be utilized for enhanced gas detection by modifying the sensor selectivity and sensitivity when illuminated by light. Here, we present the gas sensing characteristics of highly nanoporous Cu2O thin films towards both electrophilic...
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Protocolo de Preparación y Evaluación de Pilas de Combustible de Óxido Sólido
PublicationEste protocolo describe la metodología para la preparación de celdas de óxido sólido y su evaluación como pila de combustible (SOFC). Es fruto del estudio realizado en el marco de los proyectos FCTESTNET [1] y SOFCNET [2] del V Programa Marco, en el Comité IEC/TC105 [3] e investigaciones llevadas a cabo en el laboratorio. Las pilas de combustible son dispositivos capaces de transformar la energía química de un combustible en energía...
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Czy ścieki oczyszczone stanowią istotne źródło farmaceutyków w środowisku wodnym?
PublicationJak dotąd nie zostały jeszcze wprowadzone regulacje prawne dotyczące stopnia redukcji mikrozanieczyszczeń i/lub ich maksymalnych stężeń na odpływie z oczyszczalni. Niemniej jednak zgodnie ze stanowiskiem Komisji Europejskiej i innych organizacji, istnieje potrzeba ich monitoringu oraz dopracowania metod usuwania mikrozanieczyszczeń w celu poprawy jakości wód będących odbiornikiem ścieków oczyszczonych. Dlatego też zachęca się OŚ...
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Commonly Accessible Web Service Platform - Wiki-WS
PublicationWeb Service technology on the basis had to supply complete and reliable system components. Nowadays this technology is commonly used by companies providing results of their work to end users and hiding implementation details. This paper presents a SOA-enabled platform - Wiki-WS - that empowers users to deploy, modify, discover and invoke web services. Moreover it discusses concepts and functionalities of this open source management...
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Au-RE-TiO2 nanocomposites: Surface characteristics and photoactivity
PublicationThe photocatalysts based on TiO2 co-doped with rare earth metal (RE) and gold nanoparticles have been prepared using a sol-gel method and followed by gold reduction. Specific surface areas of the modified photocatalysts were calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET). Diffuse reflectance spectra of the obtained photocatalysts were recorded in a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (DRS UV-Vis). The influence of the type of rare...
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Nitrofurazone Removal from Water Enhanced by Coupling Photocatalysis and Biodegradation
Publication(1) Background: Environmental contamination with antibiotics is particularly serious because the usual methods used in wastewater treatment plants turn out to be insufficient or ineffective. An interesting idea is to support natural biodegradation processes with physicochemical methods as well as with bioaugmentation with efficient microbial degraders. Hence, the aim of our study is evaluation of the effectiveness of different...
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Predicting Performance of Lightweight Concrete with Granulated Expanded Glass and Ash Aggregate by Means of Using Artificial Neural Networks
PublicationLightweight concrete (LWC) is a group of cement composites of the defined physical, mechanical, and chemical performance. The methods of designing the composition of LWC with the assumed density and compressive strength are used most commonly. The purpose of using LWC is the reduction of the structure’s weight, as well as the reduction of thermal conductivity index. The highest possible strength, durability and low thermal conductivity...
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Ion conduction in beryllium-alumino-silicate glasses doped with sodium or sodium and lithium ions
PublicationElectrical properties of beryllium-alumino-silicate glasses containing sodium ions or sodium and lithium ions were studied with impedance spectroscopy technique over a frequency range from 10 mHz to 1 MHz and at temperature range from 213 to 473 K. The frequency- and temperature-dependent conductivity spectra of individual single alkali glasses were superimposed by means of the Summerfield scaling. Mixed-alkali glasses do not overlap...
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Hierarchical MnO2 nanoflowers blooming on 3D nickel foam: A novel micro-macro catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation
PublicationIn this work, birnessite-type δ-MnO2 nanoflowers were uniformly deposited on 3D nickel foam (NF) by one-step hydrothermal route for high-efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) towards degradation of acid orange 7 (AO7). High specific surface area, large pore volume and 3D hierarchical structure promotes the mass and electron transfer for great catalytic activity. Low reaction energy barrier (Ea=27.5 kJ/mol) and outstanding...
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Analiza modeli opisujących wrzenie w przepływie w kanałach konwencjonalnych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiona została analiza wybranych korelacji pozwalających na wyznaczenie współczynników przejmowania ciepła podczas wrzenia w przepływie, które przeznaczone są dla kanałów o średnicach konwencjonalnych. Przedstawiona w pracy analiza została wykonana na podstawie badań eksperymentalnych dostępnych w literaturze, które prowadzone były dla pełnego zakresu zmiany stopnia suchości oraz stosunkowo szerokiego zakresu...
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Experimental Research on the Energy Efficiency of a Parallel Hybrid Drive for an Inland Ship
PublicationThe growing requirements for limiting the negative impact of all modes of transport on the natural environment mean that clean technologies are becoming more and more important. The global trend of e-mobility also applies to sea and inland water transport. This article presents the results of experimental tests carried out on a life-size, parallel diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. The eciency of the propulsion system was...
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Submicron inorganic particles as an additional filler in hybrid epoxy matrix composites reinforced with glass fibres
PublicationIn this study, the effect of selected submicron metal oxide (zinc oxide, titanium oxide) or non-metal oxide (silicon dioxide) particles on mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy/glass composites was investigated. The applied epoxy resin was a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A cured with triethylenetetramine. As a reinforcement twill weave E-glass fabric was used. Hybrid composites (contained particulate and fibrous...
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Computer -Aided Local Energy Planning Using ALEP-PL Software
PublicationThe issue of energy system planning, including the planning of local energy systems, is critical, since it affects the security of energy supplies in communities, regions, and consequently the security of energy supply within the country. Energy planning is a complex process that requires integration of different goals i.e. improvement of energy efficiency, increase in the share of renewables in the energy balance and CO2} emission...
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Designing with Green and Blue – Climate Adaption Proposals for Lowland Areas of Gdańsk
PublicationThe paper gives insight into issues explored within the framework of the SOS Climate Waterfront workshop that took place in Gdańsk in June 2019. The aim of the study was to propose solutions that will decrease the number of flooding events and span the gap between flood prevention strategies and the provision of other benefits such as ecological, urban, cultural and social. Historical cartography enquiries and research by the design...
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High-performance anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells with co-fired Sm0.2Ce0.8O2-δ/La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3−δ/Sm0.2Ce0.8O2-δ sandwiched electrolyte
PublicationIn this study, intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) with a nine-layer structure are constructed via a simple method based on the cost-effective tape casting-screen printing-co-firing process with the structure composed of a NiO-based four-layer anode, a Sm0.2Ce0·8O2-δ(SDC)/La0·8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0·2O3−δ (LSGM)/SDC tri-layer electrolyte, and an La0·6Sr0·4Co0·2Fe0·8O3-δ (LSCF)-based bi-layer cathode. The resultant...
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Study of the Layer-Type BST Thin Film with X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
PublicationIn the present paper, results of X-ray photoelectron studies of electroceramic thin films of barium strontium titanate, Ba1xSrxTiO3 (BST), composition deposited on stainless-steel substrates are presented. The thin films were prepared by the sol-gel method. A spin-coating deposition of BST layers with different chemical compositions was utilized so the layer-type structure of (0-2) connectivity was formed. After the deposition,...
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Quantitative assessment of the influence of tensile softening of concrete in beams under bending by numerical simulations with XFEM and cohesive cracks
PublicationResults of the numerical simulations of the size effect phenomenon for concrete in comparison with experimental data are presented. In-plane geometrically similar notched and unnotched beams under three-point bending are analyzed. EXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) with a cohesive softening law is used. Comprehensive parametric study with the respect to the tensile strength and the initial fracture energy is performed. Sensitivity...
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Tuning of eg electron occupancy of MnCo2O4 spinel for oxygen evolution reaction by partial substitution of Co by Fe at octahedral sites
PublicationTo study the effect of partial Co substitution by Fe in the B site of MnCo2O4 spinel on its physicochemical and electrochemical properties, a series of MnCo2-xFexO4 powders (x=0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750; 1.000) were synthesized by means of the sol-gel method. The produced powders were characterized by powder X ray diffraction (pXRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy...
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Deposition and characterization of organic polymer thin films using a dielectric barrier discharge with different C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) gas mixtures
PublicationOrganic polymer thin films have been deposited on Si(100) and aluminum coated glass substrates by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operated at medium pressure using different C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) gas mixtures. The deposited films were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IRRAS) revealed the chemical functional groups present in the films. The surface...