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Search results for: dynamic exhaust gas temperature measurements
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Low temperature electrical conductivity of the SrTi0.50Fe0.50O3-d pellet
Open Research DataThis dataset contains results of low temperature electrical conductivity measurements of dense SrTi0.50Fe0.50O3-d (STF50) pellet. DC electrical conductivity measurements of STF50 were performed by the Van der Pauw method between 400 °C and room temperature with 20 °C step. Studies were performed at Synthetic Air flow under humidified (~4 vol%) gas...
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Low temperature electrical conductivity of the SrTi0.10Fe0.90O3-d pellet
Open Research DataThis dataset contains results of low temperature electrical conductivity measurements of dense SrTi0.10Fe0.90O3-d (STF90) pellet. DC electrical conductivity measurements of STF90 were performed by the Van der Pauw method between 400 °C and room temperature with 20 °C step. Studies were performed at Synthetic Air flow under humidified (~4 vol%) gas...
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The electrical conductivity of pristine, La-, and Nb-doped SFM measured in air and hydrogen atmospheres
Open Research DataThis dataset consists of an Excel sheet with the result of DC4W method of electrical measurements. The measurements were conducted on pristine strontium ferrite molubdate as well as ones doped with La and Nb. Additionally two samples co-doped with La and Ni/Co were analyzed. Pellets were prepared by high temperature sintering at 1400 deg. C, then cut...
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Vibrationally Relaxing Gases. Acoustic Cooling
PublicationThe dynamic equation which governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode in vibrationally relaxing gas is derived. The nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy to the energy of the thermal mode in a relaxing gas causes slow variation of temperature with time. The nal dynamic equation is instantaneous. All types of sound, including aperiodic, may be considered as an acoustic source of corresponding heating or cooling....
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Change of exhaust gases concentration for LSCNT modified SOFC fueled by biogas mixture at 750 C
Open Research DataThe dataset changes of exhaust gases concentrations (CH4,CO,CO2,H2) over working time for SOFC with La0.27Sr0.54Ce0.09Ni0.1Ti0.9O3-s layer. Concentrations were calculated based on the FTIR measurements and calibration files presented in coupled dataset.
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Change of exhaust gases concentration for reference SOFC and SOFC with LSCNT layer fueled by biogas mixture at 750 C
Open Research DataThe dataset changes of exhaust gases concentrations (CH4,CO,CO2,H2) over working time for SOFC with La0.27Sr0.54Ce0.09Ni0.1Ti0.9O3-s layer as well as reference SOFEC (unmodified). Concentrations were calculated based on the FTIR measurements and calibration curves presented in different dataset. Longterm measurements of SOFC were performed using in-house...
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ENERGY AND EMISSION QUALITY RANKING OF NEWLY PRODUCED LOW-SULPHUR MARINE FUEL
PublicationThe article describes the methodology of engine tests on new types of low-sulphur marine fuels in laboratory conditions in order to conduct a comprehensive assessment of their suitability for powering full-size marine engines. The innovativeness of the proposed solution consists of adapting the laboratory Diesel Engine Test Bed to carry out experimental tests using residual and alternative fuels so that it is possible to imitate...
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Tomasz Wąsowicz dr hab.
PeopleTomasz Wąsowicz's research was first related to high-resolution atomic spectroscopy and focused on measurements and analysis of the transition probabilities of the forbidden lines, the hyperfine and isotopic structure of spectral lines of heavy elements, Stark effect in the helium atom. Tomasz Wąsowicz currently studies physicochemical processes occurring during interactions of various forms of radiation with atoms and molecules...
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The TPR reduction profile of Ce0.9M0.1O2
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the TPR reduction profiles of Ce0.9M0.1O2 (where M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) nanopowders prepared by the reverse microemulsion method. After the synthesis powders were dried, then calcined at 500 degrees for 2 h. The measurements were carried out in H2/Ar mixture from 100C to 900C. Gas flow:40ml/min and temperature ramp: 10deg/min.
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A LABORATORY STAND FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THERMOCOUPLES
PublicationIn the present elaboration, problems connected with measurements of high variable temperatures of gases are introduced and the impact of dynamic properties of different construction solutions of thermoelements on the accuracy of the measurements is considered. A laboratory stand built within research under doctoral thesis, destined for analysis of dynamic properties of thermocouples is also described. Results of numerical simulation...
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Fault diagnosing system of wheeled tractors
PublicationA defect of complex wheeled tractor assembles most frequently negative influence on exploitation efficiency, safety and exhaust gases emission. Structure complexity of wheeled tractors requires more and more advanced diagnostic methods for identification of their serviceable possibilities as well in manufacturing step as in exploitation. In classical diagnosing methods of wheeled tractor defects states mapping by measured diagnostic...
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The Impact of Material Selection on Durability of Exhaust Valve Faces of a Ship Engine – A Case Study
Publicationwo alloys were used in order to extend the service life of marine engine exhaust valve head. Layers of cobalt base alloys were made of the powders with with chemical composition as follow: the layer marked L12; C-1,55%; Si-1,21%; Cr-29,7%; W-9%; Ni-2%; Mo<0,01%; Fe-1,7%; Co-54,83% and the layer marked N; C-1,45%; Co-38,9%; Cr-24,13%; Ni-10,43%; W-8,75%; Fe-7,64%; Mo-7,56%; Si-2,59%. Base metal was valve steel after heat treatment....
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Flicker Noise in Resistive Gas Sensors—Measurement Setups and Applications for Enhanced Gas Sensing
PublicationWe discuss the implementation challenges of gas sensing systems based on low-frequency noise measurements on chemoresistive sensors. Resistance fluctuations in various gas sensing materials, in a frequency range typically up to a few kHz, can enhance gas sensing by considering its intensity and the slope of power spectral density. The issues of low-frequency noise measurements in resistive gas sensors, specifically in two-dimensional...
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Dawid Ryś dr hab. inż.
PeopleCourses PRINCE2® Foundation Certificate in Project Management Tire-Pavement Interaction course Micromechanical Analysis of Asphalt Concrete
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Gas with Nonequilibrium Chemical Reactions: Possibilities of Acoustic Cooling
PublicationNonlinear generation of thermal mode during propagation of dominative sound in a chemically reacting gas is considered. The dynamic equation of excess temperature associated with the thermal mode is derived. It is instantaneous and includes quadratic nonlinear acoustic source reflecting the nonlinear character of interaction between acoustic and non-acoustic types of gas motion. Both periodic and aperiodic sound may be considered...
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Efficiency of gas mixtures detection by resistive gas sensors
PublicationResistive gas sensors are very popular and are commonly used to detect various gases and their mixtures. Theeir main disadvantage is very limited selectivity. Practical use of gas sensors in environenmental applications requires determination of concentration of a few mixed gases at the same time. We would like to present recent results of gas detection improvement by utilizing a single gas sensor and additional measurements to...
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EFFICIENCY OF GAS MIXTURES DETECTION BY RESISTIVE GAS SENSORS
PublicationResistive gas sensors are very popular and are commonly used to detect various gases and their mixtures. Their main disadvantage is very limited selectivity. Practical use of gas sensors in environmental applications (e.g., in sewage systems to protect workers, in air conditioning systems to monitor atmosphere quality) requires determination of concentration of a few mixed gases at the same time. We would like to present recent...
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Three phase transient model of wet coal pyrolysis
PublicationA one-dimensional transient mathematical model was developed to describe the thermal and flow phenomena during coal pyrolysis in a coke oven. The model was solved numerically using partly implicit methods for gas flow and heat transfer problems. It was successfully validated with industrial-scale measurements of temperature change in the middle-plane of the coke oven chamber. The evolution of temperature and pressure, distributions...
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Problems of Active Dynamic Thermography Measurement Standardization in Medicine
PublicationReliability of thermographic diagnostics in medicine is an important practical problem. In the field of static thermography, a great deal of effort has been made to define the conditions for thermographic measurements, which is now the golden standard for such research. In recent years, there are more and more reports on dynamic tests with external stimulation, such as Active Dynamic Thermography, Thermographic Signal Reconstruction...
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XRD and electrochemical results for MoO3 films deposited using pulsed laser deposition system
Open Research DataThe attached data contains XRD and electrochemical results for MoO3 films deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide glasses. Films were deposited using a pulsed laser deposition system at different conditions. Part of the samples was deposited at room temperature and then annealed at 575°C for given times (samples labeled PLD_RT_575C_xmin, where x stands...
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Prediction of coking dynamics for wet coal charge
PublicationA one-dimensional transient mathematical model describing thermal and flow phenomena during coal coking in an oven chamber was studied in the paper. It also accounts for heat conduction in the ceramic oven wall when assuming a constant temperature at the heating channel side. The model was solved numerically using partly implicit methods for gas flow and heat transfer problems. The histories of temperature, gas evolution and internal...
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Nonlinear generation of non-acoustic modes by low-frequency sound in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublicationTwo dynamic equations referring to a weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive flow of a gas in which molecular vibrational relaxation takes place. are derived. The first one governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode, and the second one describes variations in vibrational energy. Both quantities refer to non-wave types of gas motion. These variations are caused by the nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy into...
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Fe0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Fe0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Co0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Co0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Mn0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Mn0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Ni0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Ni0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with CeO2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with CeO2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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The electrical properties mesurements of DIR-SOFC with Ce0.8Cu0.2O2-s functional layer
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the electrical properties mesurements of SOFC with Ce0.8Cu0.1O2-s layer. Samples were produced using aqueous soft chemistry methods (microemulsion method) and applied in form of a layer onto the anode of the commercial SOFC. The SOFC was working under biogas feeding at 750oC. The layers were sintered at 1100oC.
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SAMPLE-AND-HOLDING METHOD FOR GAS SENSING APPLIED FOR RESISTANCE GAS SENSORS
PublicationThe DC resistance of a Taguchi gas sensor is influenced by the ambient gas. To improve the selectivity and sensitivity of a sensor the fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES) was used. The paper proposes a novel methodology of utilizing FES technique that sample composition of an ambient atmosphere and hold it for further processing (sample-and-holding technique). The method uses the heated gas sensor to sample an ambient atmosphere...
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Permeation and sorption properties of poly(ether-block-amide) membranesfilled by two types of zeolites
PublicationThe experimental study of transport properties of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) based on PEBA-4033 with two types of zeolites is reported. Gas (CO2, O2, N2) and vapor (benzene, toluene, methanol, water) permeation measurements were performed using the differential flow permeameter at temperature of 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. Gas/vapor permeation was monitored by measuring the changes of the thermal conductivity of carrier...
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An NO2 sensor based on WO3 thin films for automotive applications in the microwave frequency range
PublicationA microwave system dedicated to the detection of nitrogen dioxide in the harsh environment of the Norway highways is proposed. An optimized transmission line type of sensor coated with a tungsten trioxide thin film that changes its electrical properties under NO2 gas exposure is developed. The sensors' response (S) is given in °/GHz and it is calculated based on wideband measurements. The advantage of wideband measurements in comparison...
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Combined chemoresistive and in situ FTIR spectroscopy study of nanoporous NiO films for light-activated nitrogen dioxide and acetone gas sensing
PublicationThe chemoresistive sensor response of nanoporous NiO films prepared by advanced gas deposition was investigated by combined resistivity and in situ FTIR spectroscopy, with and without simultaneous light illumination, to detect NO2 and acetone gases. The sensitivity towards NO2 increased dramatically under UV irradiation employing 275 nm light. Improved sensitivity was observed at an elevated temperature of 150 °C. In situ FTIR...
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Synthesis and properties of porous Sr 0.96 Y 0.04 Ti 1−x Nb x O 3
PublicationA series of porous, single phase Sr0.96Y0.04Ti1-xNbxO3 samples was obtained using a wet synthesis method (modified citrate sol-gel) method. Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) measurements have shown high stability of the obtained material in variable (oxidizing/reducing) atmospheres. All samples exhibit high conductivity in hydrogen atmosphere with the highest value (around 1S/cm)...
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X-Ray Diffraction, Mössbauer Spectroscopy and Magnetoelectric Effect Studies of Multiferroic Bi5Ti3FeO15 Ceramics
PublicationBi5Ti3FeO15 ceramics belongs to multiferroic class of materials. In this work it was prepared by solid-state sintering method and investigated by X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetoelectric effect measurements. As it was proved by X-ray diffraction studies the single-phase Bi5Ti3FeO15 compound was obtained. The Mössbauer investigations revealed paramagnetic character of the compound at room temperature as well...
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Ground tire rubber thermo-mechanically devulcanized in the presence of waste engine oil as asphalt modifier
PublicationCross-linked elastomers network is main limitation for industrial usage of ground tire rubber (GTR) as asphalts’ and road pavements modifier. GTR was thermo-mechanically devulcanized via extrusion in the presence of waste engine oil (WEO) at temperature ranges from 150 to 280 °C. Combined impact of WEO content and extruder barrel temperature on the change of cross-linked structure of degraded GTR (DTGR) was investigated through...
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Polypyrrole based gas sensor for ammonia detection
PublicationThe nature of polypyrrole response to toxic gases does not allow using the sensor in a conventional way. The main aim of this study is to acquire the information about the concentration using different approaches: a linear approximation, a non-linear approximation and a tangent method. In this paper a two-steps procedure for sensor response measurements has been utilized. Polypyrrole films were electrochemically synthesized on...
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Electrical conductivity of the Sr0.86Ti0.65Fe0.35O3-d pellet at different oxygen partial pressures
Open Research DataThis dataset contains results electrical conductivity measurements of dense Sr0.86Ti0.65Fe0.35O3-d (STF35) pellet. DC electrical conductivity measurements of STF35 were performed by the Van der Pauw method. Studies were performed at different oxygen partial pressures (20%, 1% and 0.1%) under humidified (~4 vol%) gas flow rate of 50 ml min -1.
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Energy Systems Stations, W, ET, sem.7, zimowy 22/23 (PG_00042106)
e-Learning CoursesInternal combustion engines - principle of operation and classification. Heat balance of the engine. Uniform and combined propulsion systems.The main comonents of the propulsion system. Power plant efficiency and waste heat utilization. Cooling water system, lubricating oil system, fuel oil systeml, gaseos fuel system (LNG), compressed air system, exhaust gas system. Fittings and accessories of pipeline systems in the power plant....
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Laser patterned platform with PEDOT–graphene composite film for NO2 sensing
PublicationThis work presents a simple and fully electrochemical route used for fabricating of a NO2 gas sensor made of reduced-graphene-oxide-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) composite film. The sensing platform was fabricated from alumina substrate and equipped with gold interdigitated electrodes and built-in heater.The temperature distribution on the surface of interdigitated electrodes was investigated by a thermalimaging camera and compared...
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Quality Evaluation of Agricultural Distillates Using an Electronic Nose
PublicationThe paper presents the application of an electronic nose instrument to fast evaluation of agricultural distillates differing in quality. The investigations were carried out using a prototype of electronic nose equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co., an electronic circuit converting signal into digital form and a set of thermostats able to provide gradient temperature characteristics to a gas mixture. A volatile fraction...
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Construction and investigation of SO2 amperometric sensor with a solid polymer electrolyte membrane
Publicationn this paper a sensor for detection of the sulphur dioxide based on three electrode cell configuration with a liquid electrolyte, a mercury sulphate reference electrode and a solid polymer electrolyte working electrode is presented. Working elec- trode was obtained by using Takenaka-Torikai chemical deposi- tion method by precipitation of Au particles into the pores of the Nafion membrane. Sensors characteristics measurements were...
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Taguchi sensors under temperature modulation
PublicationSemiconductor gas sensors are widely used in gas- analyzing applications for various gas species determination due to their low cost and possibility to detect number of different gases. However, one of the main problems with such sensors is their lack of selectivity. To overcome this issue different ap- proaches can be used. One of them is the operation with sensor temperature modulation combined with dedicated data process- ing...
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The TPR reduction profile of MCO powder
Open Research DataThe dataset includes the TPR reduction profiles of MnCo2O4 (MCO) commercial powder. The dataset includes a cycle of reduction under H2/Ar mixture from 100C to 900C. Gas flow:40ml/min and temperature ramp: 10deg/min. Degassed at 200C in He for 1 h.
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The Mott-Schottky characteristics of microwave pulsed-plasma polymerized allylamine by DEIS analysis
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the results obtained for the Mott-Schottky analysis of the microwave pulsed-plasma polymerized allylamine using the multifrequency perturbation signal with Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS) technique. The results were obtained using the perturbation composed of the elementary signals with a frequency range between...
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Study of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Process Dynamics Using Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublicationA new technique, which was developed to characterize the direct methanol fuel cell under work conditions, has been presented in this paper. The impedance measurements were made using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy research technique in the galvanostatic mode, using multiple sinusoidal excitation. Obtained results show, that together with an increase of the temperature and working load, the global impedance...
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Experimental and numerical investigation of mercury removal from flue gas by sorbent polymer composite
PublicationThis paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the performance of a sorbent polymer composite (SPC) material used for removing mercury from the flue gases in a full-scale industrial installation. The investigated material is an attractive alternative to activated carbon, which is commonly used for this purpose. While the application of the SPC is characterized by high capital expenditures, this technology offers...
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Zirconia-based mixed potential sensor with Pt electrode prepared by spin-coating of polymeric precursor
PublicationMany types of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) based gas sensors have been explored extensively in recent years. Great attention have been directed to mixed-potential-type gas sensors. It is due to growing concerns with environmental issues. Not without a significance is the fact of very attractive performance of this type of sensor allowing to detect low concentration of pollutant gases. In this paper two types of YSZ based mixed-potential...
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Ac and dc conductivities in v2o5-p2o5 glasses containing alkaline ions
PublicationWe investigated the ac and dc conductivity in 50V2O5-(50 − x)P2O5-xA2O (A = Li, Na, K) glasses as a function of temperature. The measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 10−4 to 107 Hz. For all compositions, the dc conductivity decreased with the increasing alkali ion content. The decrease in conductivity was more pronounced for larger alkali ions. The ac conductivity exhibited a universal dynamic response: σac...
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New developments in preparation and use of standard gas mixtures
PublicationStandard gas mixtures are commonly applied in all stages of analytical work related to the analysis of gaseous samples. Numerous techniques for generating standard gas mixtures are in use. In this article, we present new developments regarding the production of standard gas mixtures, with particular focus on improvements in the application of dynamic techniques for generating them. Furthermore, we describe the application of new...
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Gas selectivity enhancement by sampling-and-hold method in resistive gas sensors
PublicationCommercial resistive gas sensors exhibit various sensitivity to numerous gases when working at different elevated temperatures. That effect is due to a change in velocity of adsorption and desorption processes which can be modulated by temperature. Thus, to reach better selectivity of gas detection, we propose to apply a known method (called the sampling-and-hold method) of cooling down the gas sensor in the presence of the investigated...
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Comparative analysis of thermodynamic cycles of selected nuclear ship power plants with high-temperature helium-cooled nuclear reactor
PublicationThis paper presents a comparative analysis of thermodynamic cycles of two ship power plant systems with a high-temperature helium- cooled nuclear reactor. The first of them is a gas system with recuperator , in which classical gas chamber is substituted for a HTGR reactor (High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor) . The second of the considered cycles is a combined gas-steam system where working medium flux from gas turbine outlet...
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Spectroscopic study of atmospheric pressure 915 MHz microwave plasma at high argon flow rate
PublicationIn this paper results of optical emission spectroscopic (OES) study of atmospheric pressure microwave 915 MHz argon plasma are presented. The plasma was generated in microwave plasma source (MPS) cavity- resonant type. The aim of research was determination of electron excitation temperature Texc gas temperature Tg and electron number density ne. All experimental tests were performed with a gas flow rate of 100 and 200 l/min and...
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Resistive gas sensors – Perspectives on selectivity and sensitivity improvement
PublicationResistive gas sensors are very popular and relatively inexpensive; they can operate at elevated or room temperature for years on end. The main disadvantage of resistive gas sensors is their limited selectivity and sensitivity, but various methods have been applied to improve their behavior. The composition of the porous gas sensing layer, or changes in the sensor’s operating temperature, can enhance the gas detection ability. Furthermore, emerging...
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Electrical responses of Graphene-Silicon Schottky diodes toward nitrogen dioxide and tetrahydrofuran under irradiation
Open Research DataGraphene-Silicon Schottky junctions were utilized as gas sensors toward inorganic (nitrogen dioxide) and organic (tetrahydrofuran) gas qualitative and quantitative detection. The electrical responses of the sensors were collected in the form of current-voltage characteristics and measurements of current in time domain for a selected voltage bias. The...
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Nitrogen sorption isotherm for V2CTx
Open Research DataData of points for nitrogen sorption isotherm for sample V2CTx (only sorption branch). The V2CTx was prepared via selective etching of aluminium from MAX matrice V2AlC using 50% HF for 96 h at room temperature.
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Noise related to gas bottles explosions
PublicationModern industrialized world is in a never ending danger of accidents and catastrophes of technical nature. Some of them may involve fires and explosions of gas storage bottles or containers. Technical University of Gdansk, Poland performed numerous tests where bottles containing acetylene, oxygen, hydrogen, CO2, LPG, LNG or CNG were blown due to excessive temperature caused by fire. Although those experiments were not focused on...
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Effect of ground tire rubber on structural, mechanical and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foams
PublicationFlexible polyurethane foams were modified with two kinds of ground tire rubber, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed. A reclamation process was performed in auto-thermal conditions, which reduced the cost of the process and decreased the environmental impact of devulcanization (e.g., emission of gases). The reclamation process was carried out in a continuous manner using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foams were...
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Infrared techniques for natural convection investigations in channels between two vertical, parallel, isothermal and symmetrically heated plates
PublicationThe effect of the gap width between two symmetrically heated vertical, parallel, isothermal plates on intensity of natural convective heat transfer in a gas (Pr = 0.71) was experimentally studied using the balance and gradient methods. In the former method heat fluxes were determined based on measurements of the voltage and electric current supplying the heaters placed inside the walls. In the latter, heat fluxes were calculated...
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Analytical fluctuation enhanced sensing by resistive gas sensors
PublicationResistance fluctuations across polarised resistive gas sensors were studied in detail to evaluate sensor working conditions for detecting methane and ammonia at various concentrations. The 1/f noise component typically dominates other noise sources up to a few kHz and can be utilised to improve gas selectivity when compared with measurements of the sensor DC resistance. The Arrhenius plot was created and the activation energy for...
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Exergy analysis of a negative CO2 emission gas power plant based on water oxy-combustion of syngas from sewage sludge gasification and CCS
PublicationA power cycle with water-injected oxy-combustion (water cycle) is investigated by exergy analysis. It is fueled with syngas (aka. producer gas) from gasification of sewage sludge. The cycle is equipped with a spray-ejector condenser (SEC). CO2 is separated and compressed for transportation and storage. The net delivered electric power is 31% of the fuel exergy. The task efficiency is 39% when the flue gas bleed to gasification...
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Thin CVD diamond films - synthesis, properties, applications
PublicationThe basic model of diamond films growth, in the low pressure synthesis, deposition from the CVD gas phase, is the mixture of hydrocarbon gas in presence with activated hydrogen and its nucleation on the substrate as a result of pyrolysis reaction. It allows to cross the great energetic barrier between graphite and diamond. High pressure and temperature are replaced by change of electronic structure of atoms into gas precursors...
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Investigation of volatile low molecular weight compounds formed during continuous reclaiming of ground tire rubber
PublicationGround tire rubber was thermo-mechanically reclaimed at different temperature conditions (80, 120, 160 °C) using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The progress of ground tire rubber reclaiming was evaluated with specific mechanical energy, sol fraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including volatile sulfur compounds (VCSs) released from ground tire rubber and ground tire rubber after reclaiming...
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Low energy elastic electron scattering from benzonitrile (C6H5CN)
PublicationWe present experimental differential elastic scattering cross sections (DCSs) for low energy electron scattering from benzonitrile along with integral and momentum-transfer cross sections that are determined from these DCSs. The measurements of DCSs are obtained using the relative flow method with helium as the standard gas, in a crossed electron-molecular gas beam arrangement. Our measurements are made at incident electron energies...
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Measurement of temperature-dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity of alumina and titania thermal oil nanofluids
PublicationThe results of simultaneous measurements of dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and pH of two nanofluids, i.e. thermal oil/Al2O3 and thermal oil/TiO2 are presented. Thermal oil was selected as a base liquid because of possible application in ORC systems as an intermediate heating agent. Nanoparticles were tested at the concentration of 0.1%, 1% and 5% by weight within temperature range from 20°C to...
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Zastosowanie metod eksploracji danych do analizy odpowiedzi czujników gazu
PublicationZagadnienia poruszane w niniejszej rozprawie dotyczą zastosowania metod eksploracji danych do analizy odpowiedzi czujników gazu, umożliwiających poprawną identyfikację składu mieszaniny gazowej w elektronicznych systemach rozpoznawania gazu. Elektroniczne systemy rozpoznawania gazu to urządzenia wykorzystujące czujniki gazu oraz odpowiednio dobrane metody analizy danych pomiarowych, zdolne do określenia składu mierzonej mieszaniny...
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Chemically reduced graphene oxide based aerogels - Insight on the surface and textural functionalities dependent on handling the synthesis factors
PublicationEfficient adjusting of reduced graphene oxide aerogels properties requires information about experimental factor-aerogel property relationship. In this work, the reduced graphene oxide aerogels surface and textural functionalities in relation to precursor concentration, gelation time and hydrogel freezing temperature were studied in detail, with the use of dynamic adsorption method of gaseous organic probes and experimental design....
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Control of mass concentration of reagents by sound in a gas with nonequilibrium chemical reactions
PublicationThe weakly nonlinear dynamics of a chemically reacting gas is studied. Nonlinear interaction of acoustic and nonacoustic types of motion are considered. We decompose the base equations using the relationships of the gas-dynamic perturbations specific for every type of motion. The governing equation for the mass fraction of a reagent influenced by dominating sound is derived and discussed. The conclusions concern the equilibrium...
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MAGNETOACOUSTIC HEATING AND STREAMING IN A PLASMA WITH FINITE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
PublicationNonlinear effects of planar and quasi-planar magnetosound perturbations are discussed. Plasma is assumed to be an ideal gas with a finite electrical conductivity permeated by a magnetic filed orthogonal to the trajectories of gas particles. the excitation of non-wave modes in the filed of intense magnetoacoustic perturbations, i.e., magnetoaciustic heating and streaming, is discussed. The analysis includes a derivation if instantaneous...
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Magnetoelectric effect in (BiFeO3)x–(BaTiO3)1-x solid solutions
PublicationThe aim of the present work was to study magnetoelectric effect (ME) in (BiFeO3)x–(BaTiO3)1x solid solutions in terms of technological conditions applied in the samples fabrication process. The rapidly growing interest in these materials is caused by their multiferroic behaviour, i.e. coexistence of both electric and magnetic ordering. It creates possibility for many innovative applications, e.g. in steering the magnetic memory...
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Thermo-mechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits
PublicationThermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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FORECASTING BIOGAS FORMATION IN LANDFILLS
Publication: The aim of the present research was to develop a mathematical model for estimating the amount of viscous gas generated as a function of weather conditions. Due to the lack of models for predicting gas formation caused by sudden changes in weather conditions in the literature, such a model was developed in this study using the parameters of landfills recorded for over a year. The effect of temperature on landfill gas production...
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New approaches for improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistive gas sensors: A review
PublicationResistive gas sensors are very popular and reliable but suffer from low selectivity and sensitivity. Various methods have been suggested to improve both features without increasing the number of sensors in gas detection systems. Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing was proposed to improve gas detection efficiency by analyzing low-frequency resistance fluctuations, and noise parameters can be more informative than the single DC resistance...
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Hydrodynamic reanalysis of water temperature and salinity in the Baltic Sea using the PM3D model
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the results of numerical modeling of water temperature and salinity in the Baltic Sea since 1998. A long-term reanalysis was performed using the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model PM3D (Kowalewski and Kowalewska-Kalkowska, 2017), a new version of the M3D model (Kowalewski, 1997). A numerical dynamic-thermodynamic model of sea...
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Fiber-optic sensors based on microspheres with nanocoatings (Zastosowanie mikrosfer optycznych z cienkowarstwowymi pokryciami w czujnikach światłowodowych)
PublicationTemperature is one of the most important physical quantities. Temperature measurements are used in every field of life, especially electronics, electrical engineering, energy-related fields, including energy source and storage devices. The goal of this dissertation is to design and optimize the microsphere-based fiber-optic sensors construction for measurement of the sensor surrounding medium temperature, including selection of...
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EVALUATION OF THE NO2CONCENTRATION PREDICTION POSSIBILITYBASED ON STATIC AND DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF TGS SENSORSAT CHANGING HUMIDITY LEVELS
PublicationThe commercially available metal-oxide TGS sensors are widely used in many applications due to thefact that they are inexpensive and considered to be reliable. However, they are partially selective and theirresponses are influenced by various factors,e.g. temperature or humidity level. Therefore, it is importanttodesign a proper analysis system of the sensor responses. In this paper, the results of examinations of eightcommercial...
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MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF ALUMINA AND TITANIA THERMAL OIL NANOFLUIDS
PublicationIn this study results of simultaneous measurements of dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and pH of two nanofluids, i.e. thermal oil/Al2O3 and thermal oil/TiO2 are presented. Thermal oil is selected as a base liquid because of possible application in ORC systems as an intermediate heating agent. Nanoparticles were tested at the concentration of 0.1%, 1% and 5% by weight within temperature range from...
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Unprecedented Adhesive Performance of Propylene-Based Hydroxyl Functionalized Terpolymers
PublicationThe synthesis of hydroxyl functionalized propylene-based terpolymers and their performance as hot melt adhesives were investigated. The products comprise uniformly distributed butyl and 4-hydroxyl-butyl branches along the polypropylene backbone. Despite the low hydroxyl-functionality level of ≤ 0.5 mol%, hydroxyl functionalized terpolymers show formidable adhesion to aluminum and steel providing an adhesive strength exceeding 16...
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Thermogravimetric analysis data of hydration in air and nitrogen for BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1M0.1O3-δ (M = Fe, Pr, Tb)
Open Research DataThe dataset consists of 6 files of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. The TGA experiments of hydration for BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1Fe0.1O3-δ (BCZYFe), BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1Pr0.1O3-δ (BCZYPr), and BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1Tb0.1O3-δ (BCZYTb) were conducted on Netzsch STA 449.
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Methods of measurement signal acquisition from the rotational flow meter for frequency analysis
PublicationOne of the simplest and commonly used instruments for measuring the flow of homogeneous substances is the rotational flow meter. The main part of such a device is a rotor (vane or screw) rotating at a speed which is the function of the fluid or gas flow rate. A pulse signal with a frequency proportional to the speed of the rotor is obtained at the sensor output. For measurements in dynamic conditions, a variable interval between...
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TG and DTG profiles for plastics: LDPE, HDPE, PP, PD and PET
Open Research DataThe dataset includes:
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FTIR in situ - ethylene decomposition on TiO2
Open Research DataThese data contain FTIR spectra recorded in FTIR spectrometer Nicolet iS50 coupled with High Temperature Chamber "The Praying Mantis". These spectra were measured for TiO2 irradiated by UV and under flowing of ethylene gas diluted in air. FTIR spectra were measured in situ during the photocatalytic process of ethylene decomposition. In order to identify...
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Devices for the production of reference gas mixtures
PublicationFor many years there has been growing demand for gaseous reference materials, which is connected with development in many fields of science and technology. As a result, new methodological and instrumental solutions appear that can be used for this purpose. Appropriate quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) must be used to make sure that measurement data are a reliable source of information. Reference materials are a significant...
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APPLICABILITY OF INLET AIR FOGGING TO MARINE GAS TURBINE
PublicationThe dependency of marine gas turbine on the ambient temperature leads to a decrease of the gas turbine power output in arid areas. Very often gas turbine power output demand is high and the power margins originally designed into the driver , has been exhausted. In such circumstances the inlet air fogging is an effective compensation of gas turbine power. In this paper an analysis of inlet air fogging applicability to marine gas...
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Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm
PublicationThis paper analyses the effectiveness of determining gas concentrations by using a prototype WO3 resistive gas sensor together with fluctuation enhanced sensing. We have earlier demonstrated that this method can determine the composition of a gas mixture by using only a single sensor. In the present study, we apply Least-Squares Support-Vector-Machine-based (LS-SVM-based) nonlinear regression to determine the gas concentration...
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Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing with WO3-based nanoparticle gas sensors modulated by UV light at selected wavelengths
PublicationThe sensitivity and selectivity of WO3-based gas sensors can be enhanced by UV-irradiation-induced modulation, especially if different wavelengths are employed. We used fluctuation-enhanced gas sensing, based on measurements of resistance fluctuations in the gas sensor, to study the effects of such modulation on the noise intensity for ambient atmospheres of synthetic air without and with additions of small amounts of ethanol,...
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Negative carbon dioxide gas power plant integrated with gasification of sewage sludge
PublicationOne of the primary objectives of the negative carbon dioxide gas power plant (nCO2PP) is to develop an innovative technology confirming the possibility of the use of sewage sludge to produce electricity while having a positive impact on the environment. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to estimate thermodynamic parameters of the system in relation to the gasification process and changes in such parameters in the...
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Fluid Mechanics, L/L/E, DaPE, sem. 04, summer 21/22 (PG_00050282)
e-Learning CoursesLECTURES Introduction and basic definitions. Properties of fluids. Models of fluids. Fluids in equilibrium. Determination of hydrostatic forces. Archimedes" law. Methods of fluid flow description. General motion of fluid. Deformation of fluid element. Vortex motion of fluid. Principles of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. Balance of entropy. Navier-Stokes equation. Bernoulli equation. Similarity of flow phenomena. Potential...
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Inlet air fogging of marine gas turbine in power output loss compensation
PublicationThe use of inlet air fogging installation to boost the power for gas turbine engines is widely applied in the power generation sector. The application of fogging to mechanical drive is rarely considered in the literature [1]. This paper will cover some considerations relating to its application to gas turbines in ship drive. There is an important evaporative cooling potential throughout the world when the dynamic data is evaluated,...
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Determination of t8/5 cooling times for underwater local dry welding of steel
PublicationKnowledge of thermal history is the basic condition for studying the structure - properties of welded joints. The determinant of thermal history is the thermal cycle, whose in-situ measurements are still a big challenge. Water as the welding environment complicates this issue even more. The article presents a method to determine an equation for calculating t8/5 cooling times for underwater gas metal arc welding of unalloyed steels...
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New Technique of preparation of standard gas mixtures needed for validation of analytical procedures used in environmental studies
PublicationStandard gas mixtures are indispensable reference materials for ensuring the reliability of analytical work. Paper presents one novel approach in the field of production of gaseous reference materials based on the application of thermal decomposition process of proper surface compound for obtaining the desired gaseous analyte. The main fields of application of reference materials are presented. The field of application of thermal...
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Reducing the Uncertainty of the Moving Object Location Measurement with the Method of Quasi-Multiple Measurement in GNSS Technology in Symmetrical Arrangement
PublicationThe article presents a solution to the problem of limited accuracy of dynamic measurements performed with GNSS receivers. The proposed measurement method is a response to the needs related to the assessment of the measurement uncertainty of the position of the track axis of the rail transport line. However, the problem of reducing the measurement uncertainty is universal for many different situations where high accuracy of positioning...
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Decomposition of Acoustic and Entropy Modes in a Non-Isothermal Gas Affected by a Mass Force
PublicationDiagnostics and decomposition of atmospheric disturbances in a planar flow are considered in this work. The study examines a situation in which the stationary equilibrium temperature of a gas may depend on the vertical coordinate due to external forces. The relations connecting perturbations are analytically established. These perturbations specify acoustic and entropy modes in an arbitrary stratified gas affected by a constant...
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New approaches for improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistive gas sensors: a review
PublicationPurpose – This paper aims to present the methods of improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistance gas sensors. Design/methodology/approach – This paper compares various methods of improving gas sensing by temperature modulation, UV irradiation or fluctuation-enhanced sensing. The authors analyze low-frequency resistance fluctuations in commercial Taguchi gas sensors and the recently developed tungsten trioxide (WO3) gas-sensing...
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Energy requirements for methods improving gas detection by modulating physical properties of resistive gas sensors
PublicationAbstract. One of the most important disadvantage of resistive gas sensors is their limited gas selectivity. Therefore, various methods modulating their physical properties are used to improve gas detection. These methods are usually limited to temperature modulation or UV light irradiation for the layers exhibiting photocatalytic effect. These methods cause increased energy consumption. In our study we consider how much energy...
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Studies of the separation performance of silanized silica gel for simulated distillation
PublicationWe present the results of investigations of the chromatographic (sorptive) properties of silanized silica gel as a stationary phase for gas chromatography used for simulated distillation. Commercially available silanized sorbent (particle diameter range 63–200 m, average pore size 60 Å) was sieved to obtain the 80–100 mesh fraction (180–150 m). The obtained results revealed that silanized silica gel allows the complete separation...
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Structure and paramagnetism in weakly correlated Y8Co5
PublicationWe report the basic physical properties of monoclinic Y8Co5 determined by means of magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements. The crystal structure of Y8Co5 is monoclinic (P21/c) with lattice parameters a = 7.0582(6) Å, b = 7.2894(6) Å, c = 24.2234(19) Å, and β = 102.112(6)° as refined by using synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction data. The compound shows temperature independent paramagnetism...
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Measurement spectrum obtained with the use of ZnO coated (100 nm) microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor - 200 Celsius degrees
Open Research DataApplication of a microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with 100 nm zinc oxide (ZnO) coating, deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method, for temperature measurements between 100°C and 300°C, is presented. The main advantage of integrating a fiber-optic microsphere with a sensing device is the possibility of monitoring the integrity of the sensor...
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Measurement spectrum obtained with the use of ZnO coated (100 nm) microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor - 100 Celsius degrees
Open Research DataApplication of a microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with 100 nm zinc oxide (ZnO) coating, deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method, for temperature measurements between 100°C and 300°C, is presented. The main advantage of integrating a fiber-optic microsphere with a sensing device is the possibility of monitoring the integrity of the sensor...